Table S1
Species cited in 43 questionnaires in Bénin: scientific botanical name, vernacular plant name(s), plant part used, preparation, use category and
collection number
Vernacular Namea
gombo (Fr)
bouchenchen (T),
djindjeklendjeman/viviman (F, G)
ewan (N)
adouwe (G)
banni (F)
toba/ahowonglon (F), kpononnou
(G), owgboman (N), tchako (T)
sofofo (G)
kpassa (F), baobab (Fr),
akolebodjou (N)
Used part
leaves, fruit
leaves
Preparationb
HB, EA
E, T, HB
stem
leaves
seeds
leaves, whole
plant
leaves
leaves, bark
leaves
HB
T
T
D, T, EN
atakounkui (Y,N)
ahwahazoun (F,G)
fruit
leaves
Ageratum conyzoides (L.) L.
Albizia cf. adianthifolia (Schum.) W.Wight
Alchornea cordifolia (Schumach. & Thonn.)
Müll.Arg.
Allium sativum L
suyonou (G), legboku (K)
ayolo (F)
whole plant
wood
leaves
l'ail (Fr), aiyo (F,G,N)
stem
Allium sp.
Aloe macrocarpa Tod.
Alternanthera pungens Kunth
ayomanwoniwono (F)
aloes (Fr)
inchako (T), baglon (A)
exudate
leaves
Amaranthus viridis L.
amadjin (F)
Ampelocissus leonensis (Hook.f.) Planch.
AMT 141
AMT 265
Pleurotus tuber-regium
(Rumph. ex Fr.) Singer 1951
Anacardium occidentale L.
adoyo/teple (F), ecama (A)
weydumey (M)
kanchino (T)
aisankoum (F)
leaves, whole
plant
whole plant
whole plant
bark
fungus
kanghougoto (F,G), canjew (T)
bark
Botanical Name
Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench
Abrus precatorius L
Acacia cf. erythrocalyx Brenan
Acacia cf. sieberiana DC.
Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile
Acanthospermum hispidum DC.
Acrostichum aureum L.
Adansonia digitata L.
Adenia cissampeloides (Planch. ex Hook.)
Harms
Aframomum melegueta K.Schum.
Agelaea pentagyna (Lam.) Baill.
T
HB
T
HB
T
T
T
T
D, T, A, HB,
EN
T
D
EN, T
Use categoryc
newborn, fontanels
cough, post-circumcision, respiratory
problems
walk early
teething
asthma
cough, malaria, fever, CBD ka,
respiratory problems, walk early
walk early
premature birth, strengthener
malaria
measles
strengthener, stomach ache,
intestinal cleanse
respiratory problems, fever
asthma
CBD atita, convulsions
convulsions, constipation, intestinal
cleanse, measles, CBD atita, diarrhea,
fontanels
constipation
constipation
walk early, anti-sorcery, malaria
AMT #d
NC
297
NC
NC
NC
211, 237
428
NC
445
NC
NC
430, 530
NC
631
NC
EA
CBD ka, measles
NC
NC
236, 239,
490
582
T
HB
T
E
cough, malaria
anti-sorcery
diarrhea
asthma
408, 463
141
265
601
cough, respiratory problems, asthma,
teething, post-circumcision
425,257
T
Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.
Annona muricata L.
Anthocleista vogelii Planch.
ananas (Fr)
shapshap (M)
gontoudo (F), goussouedo (G),
irakpo (T)
arachide (Fr)
gueyo (F,G)
itowonti (A)
ahondja/wetcheyon (F, G, N, Y),
magele (T)
fruit
leaves
root, wood
leaves
leaves
seeds
leaves
T, HB, EA
Asteraceae sp.
Azadirachta indica A.Juss.
atanatebe (T)
neemma/kininma (F), lili (T)
leaves
leaves
E
T, HB
Baphia nitida Lodd.
Barteria cf. nigritana Hook.f.
susupeyma (F)
okoukou (F,N), okotcho (Y)
leaves, wood
bark, leaves
HB, EA
HB
Bauhinia thonningii Schum.
Blighia cf. sapida K.D.Koenig
Blighia cf. unijugata Baker
Boerhavia diffusa L.
Bombax cf. buonopozense P.Beauv.
kloma (F), akluema (A)
lissekui (F)
agbovian (F, G)
kasualee (F)
aloviaton (F)
EA, T
E
T
HB
D, EA
Bridelia ferruginea Benth.
honssounkuékué (F)
leaves
seed
bark
leaves
exudate,
leaves
leaves, bark,
root
Bryophyllum cf. pinnatum (Lam.) Oken
Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb.
afoman (N), affiman (G)
agekwin (A,F,G)
leaves
seeds, leaves
T
AT, T
Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw.
tegbesu (F), orgueil de chine (Fr)
leaves
HB, T
Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.
leaves
T, HB
Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand.
kulikwun, klema (F), pulema (K),
kolo (N, T)
wagashima (A, F, K, M), pbento (F)
leaves
T, D, EA
Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand.
Capsicum annuum L.
bambamo (T)
piment (Fr), vavofli-fliman (G)
EA
EN, EA, T
Carica papaya L.
pbema (F), Kpinman (N, Y)
leaves
fruit, whole
plant
seeds, leaves
T, HB, T, D
Carissa spinarum L.
Cassia sieberiana DC.
aheyhey (F)
agbilikopao (T)
whole plant
wood
EA
T
Arachis hypogaea L.
Arecaceae sp.
Arecaceae sp.
Argemone mexicana L.
T
D
T
T
HB, T
malaria
asthma
intestinal cleanse, stomachache,
meconium removal, constipation
fetus strengthener
walk early
anti-sorcery
newborn strength, malaria,
meconium removal, stomachache,
intestinal cleanse, fontanels, fever
constipation
stomach ache, vomiting, malaria,
measles, convulsions
newborn strength, CBD ka
newborn strength, strengthener,
premature birth
toothache, strengthener
asthma
diarrhea
CBD ka
cough, post-circumcision
CBD atita, strengthener, asthma,
walk early, newborn strength, CBD
ka, convulsions, post-circumcision
walk early
anti-sorcery, CBD atita, newborn
strength, intestinal cleanse,
constipation
CBD atita, preventative, convulsions,
asthma
measles
anti-sorcery, cough, umbilical cord,
measles, strengthener, asthma
umbilical cord
toothache, intestinal cleanse,
wounds, convulsions
malaria, strengthen, constipation,
fever
walk early
vermifuge
NC
134
281
NC
427
477
233, 492,
609
292
274
NC
451
466, 560
NC
NC
467
NC
NC
NC
517
NC
255, 497,
551
469
285
439
NC
NC
280
Cassytha filiformis L.
Ceratotheca cf. sesamoides Endl.
Chamaecrista mimosoides (L.) Greene
Chamaecrista rotundifolia (Pers.) Greene
agbegbekan (F, G)
agboma (F)
kinafimitche (F,G,N)
azima (F)
Chassalia kolly (Schumach.) Hepper
atindjedo (G), okpao (Y), akpa (N)
whole plant
leaves
whole plant
leaves, whole
plant
root, leaves
T, HB
EA
T
T
Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
agatou (F, N, T), gueflu (K)
leaves
Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad.
Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai
Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle
kakanya (T)
goussi (F,G)
cleman (F,G), citron (Fr)
leaves
fruit
leaves, fruit,
root, bark
Citrus sp.
Clausena anisata (Willd.) Hook.f. ex Benth.
orange (Fr)
gbozoun (F), gbossouazowin (G),
arukoumbo (T)
skin from fruit
leaves
Cleistopholis patens (Benth.) Engl. & Diels
Cleome gynandra L.
Cleome viscosa L.
Clerodendrum cf. capitatum (Willd.) Schumach.
& Thonn.
Cnestis ferruginea Vahl ex DC.
Cocos nucifera L.
honsoungoto (F), housinkoman (G)
khaya (M)
akaya (F), kayasu (M)
weman/wedo (F,G)
bark, leaves
leaves
leaves
leaves, root
gbovian
agodo (F, G)
leaves
root
D, T, HB
T
Cola millenii K.Schum.
Combretum cf. grandiflorum G.Don
Combretum collinum Fresen.
Combretum micranthum G.Don
Combretum sp.
aloviaton (A)
adoucito (F, G, N)
bodumey (T)
kinikiniba (F, G, N, Y)
adouco (F), adoukin (G)
leaves
leaves
root
leaves
leaves
T
T
D
EA, D, HB, T
T, HB
Commiphora africana (A.Rich.) Endl.
Convolvulaceae sp.
Corchorus olitorius L.
Costus afer Ker Gawl.
Crateva adansonii DC.
feliyimi (G), origi (T)
eweyeye (G)
crencren (F)
teteglete (F)
hontonzouzouin (F, G)
leaves, branch
whole plant
leaves
leaves
leaves, root
T, AT
T
D
E
HB, T
Crescentia cujete L.
Crotalaria cf. retusa L.
treci (A), ka (F), calebasse (Fr)
awiyan (F)
fruit, leaves
leaves
EA, T
EA
T, EA, HB
EA, HB
EA
T
T, D, E, A, HB
EA
HB, T, E
T
D
M, HB
T, HB
fontanels, strengthener
fontanels
anti-sorcery
malaria, constipation, newborn
strength
intestinal cleanse, fontanels, postcircumcision
post-circumcision, fever, headache
vermifuge
intestinal cleanse, constipation
constipation, intestinal cleanse,
measles, convulsions, malaria,
stomachache, cough, meconium
removal, clear throat of newborn,
respiratory problems, vomiting
wounds
CBD atita, constipation, newborn
strength, umbilical cord, headache,
cough
constipation, stomachache, teething
yellow fever, earache
teething, walk early
CBD ka, CBD atita, malaria, fever
diarrhea, measles
malaria, constipation, intestinal
cleanse
malaria, fever
diarrhea, teething
CBD atita
measles
measles, diarrhea, teething,
fontanels, anti-sorcery
cough, convulsions
cough
malaria, constipation
protection against accidents
post-circumcision, CBD ka, antisorcery, intestinal cleanse, malaria
convulsions, CBD ka
fontanels, post-circumcision
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
251, 448,
499
NC
NC
264
NC
260, 426,
442, 454
NC
139, 486
136,604
NC
209
370, 461
NC
NC
294
NC
400, 405
434
435
NC
636
135, 613
489
NC
Croton gratissimus Burch.
Cucumis metuliferus E.Mey. ex Naudin
Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.Rob.
hèmandédji (F, G), adjekofole (N, Y)
gboounon (F)
mayantin (F), houssinkussè (F, G)
Cymbopogon sp.
Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf
timan (F)
citronelle (F, Fr)
leaves
fruit
leaves, whole
plant
leaves
leaves
Cynometra megalophylla Harms
Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Hutch. & Dalziel
bark
resin, bark,
leaves
fruit
leaves
HB, T
HB, T
Dennettia cf. tripetala Baker f.
Desmodium velutinum (Willd.) DC.
foladgoto (F), bougoto (G)
zanlinkpon (F), eweiya (N, Y), inya
(T)
iberi (T)
trèdoavohou (F, G)
Dialium guineense Willd.
Dichapetalum madagascariense Poir.
atituey (M)
gbaglo (A, F, G)
leaves
leaves
T
T, HB
Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn.
Dracaena fragrans (L.) Ker Gawl.
Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin &
Clemants
Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.
Ehretia cymosa Thonn.
Elaeis guineensis Jacq.
badawouin (F)
anyama (K)
godo (F), azobidi (K)
zoma (F)
kanbala (F), miyonman (G)
tjotjo (F), huile rouge (Fr), inkiyo (T)
root
leaves
whole plant,
leaves
leaves
leaves
oil from seed
Entada gigas (L.) Fawc. & Rendle
gbagbla (F)
seeds
Erythrina cf. senegalensis DC.
Erythrococca anomala (Juss. ex Poir.) Prain
Eucalyptus sp.
Euphorbia hirta L.
Evolvulus cf. alsinoides (L.) L.
Indigofera sp.
Fabaceae sp.
Ficus cf. lutea Vahl
Ficus exasperata Vahl
Ficus sur Forssk.
pbaklesi (F)
leaves
leaves
leaves
whole plant
leaves
whole plant
seeds
bark
sap
leaves, bark
T, HB
HB
T
T, HB
E, EA
T
EA
HB, T
leaves, root
leaves
T, HB
T, HB, E, D
Flacourtia indica (Burm. f.) Merr.
Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Royle
eucalyptus (Fr)
anossikan (G)
droman (G)
fonvi (F,G,N)
vonsou
adako (T)
igpi (T)
voma (F), oweyokpoto (F, G),
okpoto (Y)
agbonkadjè (F)
tchèkè-tchèkè (F), ayiku (T)
T, EA, E, HB
T, A
EA, D, HB, T
T
T
EA
T
T
EA
HB, EA, T
HB, T
T
EA, T
T, HB
HB
anti-sorcery, measles, fever, CBD ka
measles
CBD atita, post-circumcision, walk
early, premature birth
malaria
intestinal cleanse, strengthener,
meconium removal
CBD atita, newborn strength
anti-sorcery, walk early
456
NC
410, 473
umbilical cord
asthma, cough, diarrhea, fontanels,
teething
malaria
malaria, fever, convulsions, measles,
CBD ka
measles
ear ache
newborn strength, post-circumcision,
asthma, fontanels, vermifuge
post-circumcision, malaria
diarrhea, malaria, fever
wrinkly newborns, fontanels,
convulsions, wounds, fever, measles,
respiratory problems, umbilical cord
constipation, intestinal cleanse,
constipation
diarrhea
teething
cough, respiratory problems, malaria
measles
teething
walk early
diarrhea, fontanels
diarrhea
umbilical cord
fever, strengthener, premature birth
NC
415, 468
diarrhea, measles
constipation, strengthener,
meconium removal, convulsions,
intestinal cleanse, teething, malaria
NC
276, 569
NC
NC
453
286, 462
148
NC
NC
533
557
596
460
NC
418
559
495
NC
NC
NC
429
NC
NC
252
579
Garcinia kola Heckel
Garcinia sp.
ahowe (F)
ahowé/kola (F)
seeds
leaves, seeds
T, HB
HB, T, E
Gardenia ternifolia Schumach. & Thonn.
Gladiolus dalenii Van Geel
Glycine max (L.) Merr.
Gmelina cf. arborea Roxb.
Hackelochloa granularis (L.) Kuntze
Heliotropium indicum L.
Heterotis cf. rotundifolia (Sm.) Jacq.-Fél.
dakplasou (F)
baka (F)
soja (F)
fiofiotin (F)
azosongo (F, G)
kokolosutepadjay (F), koulodin (N)
hèhèman (F)
leaves
tuber
seeds
leaves
whole plant
whole plant
leaves
D
E
D
T
T
HB, T
T
Hibiscus acetosella Welw. ex Hiern
Hibiscus sp.
Hibiscus surattensis L.
Hoslundia opposita Vahl
Hygrophila auriculata (Schumach.) Heine
Hymenocardia acida Tul.
Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit.
leaves
leaves
whole plant
leaves
bark
leaves
leaves
T
T
T
HB
T
E
HB, T, E
leaves
leaves
leaves
leaves, branch
T
T
T
T, HB, SB
Jatropha multifida L.
Jatropha sp.
Justicia flava (Vahl) Vahl
hungbe (A), yangba (F)
podey (M)
kpofin
klongble (G)
hosugoto (K)
fefeya (T)
sonsupeypeyma/koueflou (F),
kouloubi (T)
agebebema (F)
seman (F, G), eweekan (N)
ahoobey (A)
babaki (A), ajakpotu (F), eweakporo
(N, Y), kitipopo (T)
wêkêman (F)
jatrophado (N)
tchoutchouglouchou (F, G)
leaves
root
whole plant
T
T
E, HB
Kalanchoe crenata (Andrews) Haw.
Kedrostis foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn.
Khaya senegalensis (Desv.) A.Juss.
afaman (F, Y), adodo (T)
tchiyoman (F, G)
zounsa (F, N), agao (T)
leaves
leaves
bark, leaves
EA, D
T
HB, T, A, EA
Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth.
ylanblikpo (F), pando (T)
bark
T, HB
newborn strength, intestinal cleanse
newborn strength, malaria, antisorcery, fontanels, diarrhea
malaria, fetus strengthener
asthma
constipation
constipation
strengthener
fever, CBD atita, CBD ka
anti-sorcery, fever, convulsions,
malaria, post-circumcision
strengthener, malaria
malaria, fever
anti-sorcery
strengthener
asthma
teething
fever, mosquito repellant, diarrhea,
CBD atita, CBD ka, dysentery
diarrhea
teething, respiratory problems
strengthener, constipation
malaria, fever, intestinal cleanse,
convulsions
CBD atita
respiratory problems
anti-sorcery, newborn strength,
fontanels
umbilical cord, cough
convulsions, malaria, fever
newborn strength, walk early,
teething, strengthener, convulsions,
premature birth, malaria, CBD ka,
CBD atita, anti-sorcery, postcircumcision
constipation, intestinal cleanse
Lagenaria breviflora (Benth.) Roberty
obiri (N, Y)
T, HB
CBD ka
Lagenaria cf. sp.
Lannea acida A.Rich.
iytrue (A)
zuzugoto (F), aku (T)
whole plant,
leaves
leaves
bark
T
HB, T
cough
walk early, newborn strength,
strength
Icacina cf. trichantha Oliv.
Imperata cf. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
Indigofera sp.
Jatropha cf. curcas L.
NC
419
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
447
NC
465, 594
NC
NC
437
496
NC
291, 406,
472
NC
NC
366
659
403
NC
633
261
NC
244, 284
249, 458,
577
446
NC
282
Lannea barteri (Oliv.) Engl.
Lannea sp.
Lantana camara L.
hounman (F)
mangbevide (F)
hlatchayo (F, G, N, Y)
leaves
bark
leaves
T, HB
T
T, HB
Lawsonia inermis L.
Lecaniodiscus cf. cupanioides Planch. ex Benth.
Lippia multiflora Moldenke
laliman (F, G)
ganotun (F, G)
yonya (F, G), yeye/tchaga (T)
leaves
leaves
leaves
T
HB
T, HB, EA
Lycopodiella cernua (L.) Pic. Serm.
Mallotus oppositifolius (Geiseler) Müll.Arg.
hingble
gbenoukan (F), tchnetchne (G),
ayaja (T)
amangua houhou (F, N, Y), mangue
(Fr)
manioc (Fr)
bpema (F)
abibey (A), tama (F), fakale (G)
whole plant
leaves, root,
bark
leaves, bark
T
HB, T, EA
root
leaves
leaves, whole
plant
exudate
leaves
leaves
D
HB
T, HB
leaves
whole plant,
leaves
seeds
seeds
T, HB
T, HB, A, EA,
E
T, HB
EA, T
Mangifera indica L.
Manihot esculenta Crantz
Melaleuca leucadendra (L.) L.
Merremia tridentata (L.) Hallier f.
T, HB
Milicia excelsa (Welw.) C.C.Berg
Millettia thonningii (Schum. & Thonn.) Baker
Mimosa cf. quadrivalvis var. leptocarpa (DC.)
Barneby
Momordica balsamina L.
Momordica charantia L.
loko (A, F)
assousouman (F)
boassaman (F)
Monodora cf. tenuifolia Benth.
Monodora myristica (Gaertn.) Dunal
sonoufoko (F, G)
sassalinkoun (F)
Morinda lucida Benth.
atikeysibey (A), honswuey (K),
kwenso (M)
kpayêdêdê (F), kpatinman (F, G),
batamavi (K)
feman (F)
dukey (A), ewe agbakila (N)
banane (Fr)
adama (F), akokoun (F, G, T), desey
sigema (M)
leaves
HB, T, D
leaves
DR, T, HB, D
leaves
leaves
leaves
leaves, seeds
HB
A, HB, T
T, D
EA, T, D, HB
Nicotiana tabacum L.
azoman (F), taba (N), ayureawe (T)
leaves
Ocimum americanum L.
hisihisi (F), fio (G)
leaves, whole
Moringa oleifera Lam.
Mucuna cf. sp.
Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC.
Musa sp.
Newbouldia laevis (P.Beauv.) Seem.
kpalari (N)
yinsikin (F), assossikan (G), tchati (T)
EA
T
T
T, EA
EA, T, HB,
premature birth, strengthener
convulsions
post-circumcision, diarrhea, CBD
atita, CBD ka
malaria
premature birth
anti-sorcery, diarrhea, CBD atita, CBD
ka, post-circumcision, teething,
cough
anti-sorcery, measles, malaria, fever
CBD atita, asthma, meconium
removal, teething
respiratory problems, fever,
strengthener, newborn strength
malaria
malaria
diarrhea, sores, CBD atita, fontanels,
CBD ka
fontanels
malaria
fontanels
measles
measles, diarrhea, CBD atita, fever,
constipation, antibiotic
walk early, measles
umbilical cord, post-circumcision,
constipation, intestinal cleanse,
toothache, preventative
convulsions, constipation, intestinal
cleanse, fever
headache, diarrhea, fever, headache,
anti-sorcery
newborn strength
measles, diarrhea
strengthener, convulsions
post-circumcision, constipation,
malaria, newborn strength, fever,
anti-sorcery,
malaria, convulsions, umbilical cord,
fontanels
sore throats, wounds, asthma, cough,
NC
NC
404
NC
NC
270, 402
433
243, 436,
452
NC
NC
NC
212, 364,
421, 432
NC
NC
NC
NC
149, 254,
409, 525
NC
NC
133, 365,
537
NC
NC
488, 450
NC
279
NC
544
plant
EN,
Ocimum basilicum L.
Ocimum gratissimum L.
akohoun (F, G, Y)
tchayo (F, G, N), koumoba (T)
leaves
leaves, whole
plant
T, D
T, HB, EA, E,
EN
Ocimum sp.
kessou-kessou (F, G)
whole plant,
leaves
T, D, HB
Olax subscorpioidea Oliv.
Oldenlandia cf. affinis (Roem. & Schult.) DC.
Opuntia sp.
Pancratium trianthum Herb.
Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) G.Don
mitindo (F)
ahonman (F, G)
cactus (Fr)
kouyoman (F, G)
awe (F, G), igba (T)
root
leaves
root, leaves
leaves, stem
branch, bark,
leaves
T
EA, HB
T
T
HB, T
Passiflora foetida L.
Paullinia pinnata L.
avounyinmitoé (F)
ahichan (A), hedoulifi/lokoman (F,
G), ganganizema (M)
whole plant
leaves, root
T
HB, T
Pavetta cf. crassipes K.Schum.
Pavetta corymbosa (DC.) F.N.Williams
Pennisetum cf. glaucum (L.) R.Br.
Pergularia daemia (Forssk.) Chiov.
Periploca calophylla (Baill.) Roberty
gongwako (T)
lohoun (F)
mil (Fr)
bonukeykey (A), awinikunsiewa (M)
homa/asobokan (F)
leaves
leaves
seeds
leaves
leaves
T
T
E
EA
EA
Persea americana Mil.
Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn.
avocamanhouhou (F)
hlinwhé (F), tehisso (N, Y), aibiso (T)
leaves
whole plant,
leaves
D
T
Physalis cf. angulata L.
korogba (F, N), kongba (Y)
whole plant
T, HB
Piper guineense Schumach. & Thonn.
pimment du guinea (Fr), injaive (T)
fruit
Plectranthus monostachyus (P.Beauv.)
koumoba (T)
leaves
DR, T, D, EA,
HB
T
fever, post-circumcision, CBD atita,
constipation, meconium removal,
newborn strength, diarrhea,
fontanels, CBD ka, measles,
strengthener
constipation
post-circumcision, CBD atita,
premature birth, convulsions, walk
early, asthma, cough, enema,
intestinal cleanse, constipation,
meconium removal
antibiotic, constipation, anti-sorcery,
diarrhea, post-circumcision, malaria,
newborn strength, fever
intestinal cleanse, constipation
fontanels, premature birth
cough
asthma, cough, anti-sorcery
strengthener, constipation,
respiratory problems, convulsions,
diarrhea, walk early, anti-sorcery,
measles
CBD ka
diarrhea, newborn strength,
convulsions, post-circumcision,
cough
malaria
malaria, newborn strength
measles
fontanels, cough
newborn strength, umbilical cord
asthma
constipation, meconium removal,
malaria, newborn strength, intestinal
cleanse, vermifuge, diarrhea
constipation, CBD ka, CBD atita,
measles
headache, CBD ka, CBD atita,
fontanels, asthma, strengthener,
constipation
constipation
NC
272, 498
NC
NC
NC
NC
210, 422
NC
NC
114, 146
NC
NC
NC
493
475, 583,
608
NC
NC
NC
658
242
B.J.Pollard
Portulaca grandiflora Hook.
Prosopis africana (Guill. & Perr.) Taub.
dri (G)
kakè (F, G)
whole plant
wood
T
HB, T
Pseudocedrela cf. kotschyi (Schweinf.) Harms
Psidium guajave L.
Psychotria psychotrioides (DC.) Roberty
Psychotria vogeliana Benth.
Pteleopsis suberosa Engl. & Diels
tchagigi (T)
kinkouman (F, G, N)
atindohoussa (F)
deblago (G)
kulikuligoto (F)
leaves
leaves
bark
leaves
bark, leaves
T
T, EA, D
HB
T
T, HB
Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir.
Pterocarpus santalinoides DC.
kosso (G)
gbengbè (F, G), begbema (M)
bark
leaves
T
T, HB, D
Pupalia lappacea (L.) Juss.
Pycnanthus cf. angolensis (Welw.) Warb.
Raphia hookeri G. Mann & H. Wendl.
Raphia sp.
Rauvolfia vomitoria Afzel.
Remirea maritima Aubl.
Rhaphiostylis beninensis (Hook.f. ex Planch.)
Planch. ex Benth.
Rhodognaphalon cf. brevicuspe (Sprague)
Roberty
Ricinus communis L.
Rourea coccinea (Schumach. & Thonn.) Benth.
Rytigynia senegalensis Blume
Sansevieria liberica Gérôme & Labroy
Sarcocephalus latifolius (Sm.) E.A.Bruce
tredoagbokokui (F)
yaya (F)
dekui/alitadekoun (F, G)
ramo (F)
vonmansi (G)
houyin/housso (F, G)
gbagblakan (F, G)
seeds
leaves
seeds
leaves
leaves
whole plant
wood
patindeyhun (F)
leaves
fefekoupa (T)
vikplonbaman (G), amedje (N)
gbadema (F, N, Y)
kpohiando/kponman (F)
kudo (F), umbesi (T)
leaves
leaves
leaves
root, leaves
root
SB, D
T
T, HB
T
T
Schrebera arborea A.Chev.
Schwenckia americana L.
fadou (F)
amankoukui (F)
HB
HB, T
Secamone afzelii (Roem. & Schult.) K.Schum.
zungikusi (F), zougoudou (G),
ablengblo (T)
seeds
leaves, whole
plant
leaves
Securidaca cf. longipedunculata Fresen.
Senna alata (L.) Roxb.
patado (F)
amasou (F), dumadòsogomè (K)
root
leaves
T
T, D
Senna hirsuta (L.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby
Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby
Senna occidentalis (L.) Link
batomayi (F)
kpanhouman (F)
agolikan (F), anajabulo (T)
leaves
leaves
leaves
HB
EA
T, EA, HB
EA
T
T, HB
C
HB, T
T
T
EA
T, HB, EA, E
teething
newborn strength, walk early,
constipation, fever
vermifuge
diarrhea, post-circumcision, asthma
post-circumcision
post-circumcision
CBD atita, CBD ka, newborn strength,
measles
walk early
diarrhea, newborn strength,
constipation, CBD atita
fontanels
asthma, cough
fontanels
anti-sorcery
fontanels, fever
teething
newborn strength, constipation,
intestinal cleanse
rib/bone displacement
fever, stomachache
post-circumcision, diarrhea
malaria, measles
malaria, fever
intestinal cleanse, constipation,
malaria
fontanels
post-circumcision, measles, CBD
atita, fontanels
convulsions, CBD ka, fontanels,
constipation, intestinal cleanse, CBD
atita, cough
asthma, cough
intestinal cleanse, constipation,
meconium removal
fever
umbilical cord, wounds
diarrhea, fontanels, newborn
strength, strengthener, convulsions,
NC
401
NC
NC
NC
414
NC
NC
138, 634
455
NC
NC
NC
514
417
NC
NC
NC
441
411
NC
NC
407
NC
299, 597
NC
518
471
507
241, 600
Senna siamea (Lam.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby
Sesamum indicum L.
Sida cf. rhombifolia L.
Solanum aethiopicum L.
Solanum americanum Mill.
Solanum dasyphyllum Schumach. & Thonn.
Solanum lycopersicum Lam.
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench
Sorghum sp.
Spondias mombin L.
Stachytarpheta cayennensis (Rich.) Vahl
Stipularia africana P.Beauv.
Strophanthus hispidus DC.
Strophanthus sp.
Stylosanthes erecta P.Beauv.
zangla/cassia (A, F), acacia (G, T)
sesame (Fr)
ghema (M)
gboman/gble (F)
moru (T)
irwawaudi (T)
tomati (F)
adako (F)
hokoveman (G)
akinkoma (F), djogbeman (G)
alotrohe (G)
towedo (F, G)
afeyfey (T)
tegbesu (F)
aduma (A, F)
leaves
seeds
leaves
leaves
leaves
leaves
leaves
leaves
leaves
leaves
whole plant
root, leaves
leaves
leaves
whole plant,
leaves
flower buds,
bark
T, HB
E
EA
T, HB
D
HB
EA
T
HB
T
HB
T
HB
E, T
HB, T
Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry
atinkenbodata (F, G, M, N)
Syzygium guineense (Willd.) DC.
Tectona grandis L.f.
Terminalia glaucescens Planch. ex Benth.
mlanmi (G)
teekma (F, M)
alotou (F), aloaton (G)
leaves
leaves
root
Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schum. & Thonn.)
Taub.
Thonningia sanguinea Vahl
lindja (F)
fruit
T
atinmahudè (F, G), oyo (N, Y)
whole plant
T
Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A.Gray
Trema orientalis (L.) Blume
Tribulus terrestris L.
Tridax procumbens (L.) L.
Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq.
Uraria picta (Jacq.) DC.
botowo
afere (N, T, Y)
gendarme (F)
kpokpo (G, N, Y)
adjatou (F)
asoinsoin (F)
leaves
leaves
whole plant
whole plant
leaves
leaves
EN, HB
T, SB
T
A, T, HB
EA
T
Utricularia cf. spiralis Sm.
Uvaria chamae P.Beauv.
kologakolesi (T)
aylahado/aylahaman (F,G, M, N)
leaves
root, leaves
HB
T
Vepris cf. verdoorniana (Exell & Mendonça)
Mziray
Vitellaria paradoxa C.F.Gaertn.
akode (F,G)
leaves
limangoto (F,G), beur de karite (Fr)
seeds, bark
D, HB, T, EA
T
HB
T, HB
T
T, EA
crisis, fever, malaria
malaria, constipation
teething
toothache
diarrhea, post-circumcision
cough
teething
measles, infections, abscesses
toothache
strengthener
diarrhea, teething
premature birth
cough, convulsions, malaria, fever
malaria
convulsions
teething
constipation, newborn strength,
post-circumcision, umbilical cord,
intestinal cleanse, preventative
CBD atita
newborn strength
asthma, cough, post-circumcision,
CBD atita, anti-anti-sorcery
asthma
respiratory problems, asthma, cough,
constipation, teething
convulsions
walk early, fever
teething
convulsions, strengthener
post-circumcision
malaria, respiratory problems,
asthma, cough
fetus strengthener
convulsions, constipation, CBD atita,
asthma, malaria, fever, newborn
strength
malaria, constipation, intestinal
cleanse
cough, respiratory problems,
273, 459
NC
NC
598
262
240
NC
NC
438
440, 635
NC
424
358
588
464
NC
431
NC
NC
NC
NC
278
258
420
478
NC
416
NC
NC
NC
NC
Waltheria indica L.
avoudido (F), avidido (G)
Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A.Rich.
kpedjre (F, G, M, N), arn (T)
root, whole
plant
fruit, bark
T
Zanthoxylum sp.
atchanhanwou (F), heja (M)
leaves
T
Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (Lam.) Zepern. &
Timler
Zapoteca portoricensis (Jacq.) H.M.Hern.
Zea mays L.
Zingiber officinale Roscoe
hedou (F)
root
T
azonkidjado (F), ingbanu (T)
mais (Fr)
dote (F), gingembre (Fr), atalye (T)
root
fruit
rhizome
EA, D, T, HB,
SB
EN, T
T, E
T, EA, EN, D
diarrhea
convulsions
umbilical cord, intestinal cleanse,
constipation, post-circumcision,
malaria, toothache, diarrhea,
meconium removal, stomachache,
fever, strength
diarrhea, intestinal cleanse,
constipation
diarrhea
intestinal cleanse, convulsions
diarrhea, CBD ka, measles
asthma, fontanels, intestinal cleanse,
constipation
a Local languages are abbreviated: (A)= Adja; (F)= Fon; (Fr)= French; (G)= Goun; (K)= Kotafon; (M)= Mina; (N)= Nago; (T)= Tcha; (Y)= Yoruba.
b Preparations are abbreviated: (A)= soaked in alcohol; (AT) attach; (C)= ceremony; (D)= drink; (DR)= drops; (E)= eat; (EA)= external application; (EN) = enema;
(HB)= herbal bath; (M)= massage; (SB)= steam bath; (T)= tea
c Use category abbreviations are as follows: CBD= cultural bound disease
d Botanical voucher number and collector initials; NC= not collected.
423
NC
147, 457
NC
245
NC
NC