Nephrotic & Nephritic syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome
Massive proteinuria
Hypoalbuminauria
Oedema
Hyperlipidaemia
Minimal change disease –
paeds
Focal sclerosing
glomerulosclerosis – adults
Membranous nephropathy
Diabetes
SLE
Amyloid
Oedema
Foamy urine
Underlying disease process
Urine Dip
Urine Microscopy
Bloods – inc. autoantibodies, myeloma screen,
complement
Renal U/S
Renal Biopsy
Conservative – salt & fluid
restriction
Medical – diuretics, ACEi/ARB,
steroids/immunosuppression
Dialysis
Surgical – transplant
Key features
Aetiology
Presentation
Investigations
Management
Nephritic syndrome
Haematuria & red cell casts
Proteinuria
Hypertension
Uraemia
Oliguria
Post-streptococcal
Membranous
glomerulonephritis
Rapidly progressive GN
IgA nephropathy
Vasculitis
HSP
Recent URTI
Oedema
Haematuria
Flank pain
Oliguria
General symptoms
Urine Dip
Urine Microscopy
Bloods – inc. autoantibodies, complement,
ASOT
Renal U/S
Renal Biopsy
Conservative – salt & fluid
restriction
Medical – diuretics,
steroids/immunosuppression
Dialysis
Surgical - transplant
 Always check urine dip in oedematous patients
 Always request strict fluid balance in renal disease