Quiz 1.2 States of Matter and Phase Changes
1. The relative randomness of molecules in the states of matter is best indicated by:
a. solids > liquids > gas
b. liquid > gas > solid
c. liquid > solid > gas
d. gas > liquid > solid
2. Sublimation is:
a. the process in which a solid transitions directly into the gas phase
b. the process in which a gas transitions directly into the solid phase
c. the process in which a gas transitions into the liquid phase
d. the process in which a liquid transitions into the gas phase
3. Use
the
below
next
tances that
must
bedrawing 10.
Useto
theanswer
drawingthe
below
to question.
answer the next question.
Which properties
the differences

(From: http://nationsreportcard.gov/science_2005/s0116.asp)
but onlyAsolids
have put
a sand, clay, and water into a bottle and shook the bottle. Then, the contents
student
A student
put sand,
waterthe
intobottle
a bottlelooked
and like the drawing
of the bottle were allowed
to settle.
Afterclay,
twoand
hours,
but only
liquidsWhat can the student
shook the
bottle. Then, the contents of the bottle
above.
conclude?
were allowed to settle. After two hours, the bottle
a.
The
water
layer
is
denser
the layers
ofWhat
clay and
sand.
e and shape, but
looked
likethan
the drawing
above.
can the
student
b.
The
layer
of
clay
is
denser
than
the
layers
of
sand
and
the
water.
olume.
conclude?
c. but
The layer of sandA.is denser
than
the
water than
layerthe
and
theoflayer
me and shape,
The water
layer
is denser
layers
clay of clay.
d. The water layer, layer
ofsand.
clay, and layer of sand are all the same density.
and
ape.
B. The layer of clay is denser than the layers of sand
4. When isopropyl alcoholand
wasthe
spilled
water.over the counter top and quickly disappeared what
ation of Mass, the
phase
complete
the change occurredC. The layer of sand is denser than the water layer
and the layer of clay.
a. Evaporation
D. The water layer, layer of clay, and layer of sand
e 2 O3
b. Boiling
are all the same density.
c. Condensation
d. sublimation 11. Analyze the model of an atom below.
e following question.
5. __________ is either absorbed or released during a phase change.
a. molecules
b. energy
c. temperature
d. mass
6. Which phase changes require an increase in energy?
a. Melting and freezing
b. Condensation and vaporization
c. Freezing and condensation
d. Melting and vaporization
7. What property stays the same during physical and chemical changes?
a. Density
b. Shape
c. Mass
d. Arrangement of particle
8. Boyle’s law states that as the pressure of a gas increases, its
a.
b.
c.
d.
volume increases.
temperature increases.
volume decreases.
temperature decreases.
9. Adding energy to a substance makes it particles move ______________.
a. The same
b. Slower
c. Faster
d. None of the above
10. Air is confined in a glass bottle with a tight screw-top. When the bottle becomes
warmer when heated with a hair-dryer, the pressure inside increases because the
molecules of air?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Become bigger
Move slower
Move faster
Become smaller
11. Which of the following describes what happens as the temperature of a gas in a
balloon increases:
a.
b.
c.
d.
the volume of the gas increases and the speed of the particles increases
the speed of the particles decreases
the volume decreases
the pressure decreases
Nature of Science
12. Use the diagram to the right to answer this question. The diagram shows what
occurred when a can of diet soda and a can of regular soda were placed into a container of
elow towater.
answer
diagram
what of the container, but the can of diet soda
Thethis
canquestion.
of regularThe
soda
sank toshows
the bottom
an of diet
sodaWhich
and astatement
can of regular
soda were
placed
floated.
best explains
this
observation?
N.8.A.2 http://www.rpdp.net/sciencetips_v3/N8A2.htm
water.
ar soda sank to the
ontainer, but the can
ted. Which statement
s observation?
regular soda is less
the can of diet soda.
regular soda is more
the can of diet soda.
regular soda has a
me than the can of
a. The can of regular soda is less dense than the can of diet soda.
b. The
cana of regular soda is more dense than the can of diet soda.
regular soda
has
ume than
c. the
Thecan
can of regular soda has a larger volume than the can of diet soda.
d. The can of regular soda has a smaller volume than the can of diet soda.
outhern Nevada Regional Professional Development Program
13. Which best
explains
K-12
Science the relationship between heat energy and temperature?
a.
b.
c.
d.
As heat energy increases and temperature increases, freezing occurs.
As heat energy decreases and temperature remains constant, condensation occurs.
As heat energy decreases and temperature remains constant, evaporation occurs.
As heat energy increases and temperature decreases, melting occurs.
14. The graph below represents a cooling curve for 10 kilograms of a substance as it cools
from a vapor at 160°C to a solid at 20°C. Energy is removed from the sample at a constant
rate.
While the substance is cooling during the liquid phase, the average kinetic energy of the
molecules of the substance
a. decreases
b. increases
c. remains the same
d. not enough information is given to answer the question
Nature of Science
15. A solid cube was put into a cylinder containing four liquids with different densities as
N.8.A.1 http://www.rpdp.net/sciencetips_v3/N8A1.htm
shown in the diagram. The cube descended
through layer A and B, and stopped upon
reaching layer C. The density of the cube most likely lies
A solid cube was put into a cylinder
between
a.
b.
c.
d.
containing four liquids with different
1.01 and 1.50
g/cm3
densities
as shown in the diagram.
1.51 and 3.50 g/cm3
3
The
cube
descended through layer A
3.31 and 6.00
g/cm
6.01 and 9.00
g/cm
and
B,3 and stopped upon reaching
layer C. The density of the cube most
likely lies between
A. 1.01 and 1.50 g/cm3.
B. 1.51 and 3.50 g/cm3.
C. 3.51 and 6.00 g/cm3.
D. 6.01 and 9.00 g/cm3.
From: http://www.doe.mass.edu/
16. The density of pure solid copper is 8.94 g/mL. What volume does 5 kg of copper occupy?
SHOW WORK (2 points)
17. What is the density at 20 0C of 12.0 mL of a liquid that has a mass of .405Kg? SHOW ALL
WORK (2 points)
18. A demonstration is performed using this cylinder (shown below), as mall rubber ball, and
three liquids. The liquids are syrup (density of 1.8 g/mL), vegetable oil (density of 0.8 g/mL), and
water (density of 1.0 g/mL), poured into the cylinder.
a. Draw and label the arrangement of these three liquids within the cylinder. Justify the
reasons for your arrangement of the liquids. (2 points)
b. The small rubber ball, with a density of 0.9 g/mL, is dropped into the cylinder you have
drawn. Describe and draw where the ball will stop, and justify your answer. (2 points)
19. Using the diagram below, answer the following questions:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Which of these diagrams best represents liquid Nitrogen?__________
Which of these diagrams best represents ice?__________
Which of these diagrams best represents hydrogen gas?__________
Which letter shows a state of matter with a definite volume and definite shape?
Which letter shows a state of matter with an orderly arrangement of particles?
Which state of matter has the lowest kinetic energy (energy of motion)?
Which letter shows a state of matter in which particles vibrate in place?
20. Matter exists in at least one of three states of matter. Use the diagram below to answer the
questions.
A. Explain what type of energy must be added to ice to change it to water. (1 point)
B. Choose one of the forms of water shown above. Identify which state it represents and
describe its properties. (4 points)