Name_________________________________Date____________Per_____
Plutons Diagram Matching
___1. This type of pluton forms closest to the surface.
A.
Felsic / Sialic
___2. This type of pluton solidifies at the highest temperature.
B.
Intermediate
___3. This is the type of pluton in which granite forms.
C.
Mafic
___4. This is the type of pluton in which peridotite forms.
D.
Ultra-mafic
___5. This is the type of pluton in which diorite forms.
___6. This pluton form so deep down that its magma rarely makes it to the surface as lava.
___7. This type of pluton is the source for basalt lava flows.
___8. This type of pluton is the source for rhyolite lava flows.
___9. This is the type of pluton in which gabbro forms.
___10.This type of pluton is the source for andesite lava flows.
Notes - Plutons and Bowen’s Reactions Series
11. Plutons are molten blobs of magma that move upward by _____________ their way
upward through the solid overlying rock layers.
12. As a mafic pluton melts its way upward through felsic overlying solid rock, its
chemical composition becomes more _______________.
13. Igneous rocks start to crystallize at a temperature of ______ o C and finish at ______ o C.
____ 14. At which temperature would an igneous rock be completely solid?
a)
550 o C
b)
750 o C
c)
1000 o C
d)
1350 o C
T or F 15.
All of the minerals in a pluton’s magma crystallize at the same time.
16. The first minerals to crystallize are ___ - rich feldspar and ______________.
17. The last mineral to crystallize is ________________.
18. As a general rule, the ( mafic / felsic ) minerals crystallize first and the
( mafic / felsic ) minerals crystallize last.
____19. Which of these minerals would not be found in the same rock with the other three?
a)
K-spar
b)
Biotite
c)
Na-spar
d)
Ca-spar
____20. If a plutonic magma body was low on silica to begin with, which of these minerals
would probably not get a chance to form in the rock?
a)
Olivine
b)
Quartz
c)
Biotite
d)
Ca-spar
21. The gray mineral in gabbro is probably ______________ ( Na-spar or Quartz? ).
22 - 24. You are looking at a freshly broken piece of granite which contains large pink blocky
crystals, shiny black plates, clear glassy gray crystals and chunky black minerals.
22. The shiny black plates are probably _____________ mica.
23. The crystals are probably clear, glassy _____________ and pink blocks of ___-______ .
24. a)
The chunky black minerals are more likely to be ( pyroxene / amphibole ).
b)
Why? _______________________________________________________
25. Which mineral on Bowen’s R.S. is the most stable at the earth’s surface? ___________
26. Which mineral is most likely to weather (wear down) first? __________________
(Hint: it’s common in ultra-mafic rocks such as peridotite.)
____ 27. Which of the following minerals forms deepest in the crust?
a)
Quartz
b)
Olivine
c)
Biotite
d)
K-spar
o
____ 28. Which of the following minerals would crystallize at 1800 C ?
a)
Quartz
b)
Olivine
c)
Biotite
d)
none of these
____ 29. Which mineral forms at the same time as Biotite?
a)
Quartz
b)
Muscovite c)
Na-spar
d)
Ca-spar
____ ____ 30. Which two feldspars would you expect to find in granite?
a)
K-spar
b)
Na-spar
d)
Ca-spar
____ 31. Which feldspar is the last to form (last to turn solid in a cooling magma)?
a)
K-spar
b)
Na-spar
d)
Ca-spar
32. Rhyolite is felsic and Basalt is mafic, yet they both form at the surface. This is
possible because basalt’s source pluton is located ______ __________ than rhyolite’s.
33. Put a check in the blank for each trait that describes a rock that formed from cooling
magma deep in the crust:
_____ light colored
_____ dark-colored
____ glassy
_____ felsic
_____ mafic or ultra-mafic _____ vesicular
_____ coarse - grained
_____ fine-grained
_____ volcanic
_____ contains Quartz and K-spar _____ contains Olivine and Ca-spar
_____ weathers badly at the surface _____ shows little sign of weathering
34-37. Look at your silicate structure diagrams on the edge of the Bowen’s Chart. For each
mineral, write in the name of the S.S. group and the number of oxygen atoms shared:
34. Olivine - ___________ ______________ ;
_____ oxygen “corners” shared
35. Pyroxene - ____________ Structure
;
_____ oxygen “corners” shared
36. Muscovite - ___________ Structure
;
_____ oxygen “corners” shared
37. Quartz - 3 - D _____________________ ;
_____ oxygen “corners” shared
Bonus (+5) - Describe what happens to the structure of the silicates as you go from the
bottom to the top of the left-hand columns of Bowen’s Reaction Series:
______________________________________________________________