Name: _______________________________
Date: ______ Period: _______
Organic Molecules Webquest
DIRECTIONS: For each section below, go to the appropriate website, explore, and answer the questions
provided.
CARBOHYDRATES
http://www.chem4kids.com/files/bio_carbos.html
1. Carbohydrate:
a.
is fancy for _______________________.
b. Is made of these 3 elements: _______________, ______________, ______________
c. provide living organisms with _________________ and are used for _______________
2. Saccharides and naming
a. 1 is called _____________________________
b. 2 are called ____________________________
c. 3+ are called ___________________________
3. This monosaccharide is the most important sugar on planet Earth! ________________________
4. Sucrose, or table sugar, is made of 2 units of sugar, or a ________________________________.
a. The 2 sugars in sucrose are __________________ and ____________________.
i.
They are both _________________________ (name for 1 unit of sugar).
5. Plants store sugars for energy in the form of this polysaccharide _____________________.
a. An important structural polysaccharide in plants is called ____________________.
i.
Unlike humans, termites and other herbivores can digest cellulose.
1.
They have _________________________ and specialized enzymes that
are able to break down this structural carbohydrate.
6. Crustaceans and Arthropods have exoskeletons that are made of a unique polysaccharide called
___________________________. This material is also the structural support for fungi.
https://www.wisc-online.com/learn/natural-science/life-science/ap13104/biomolecules-the-carbohydrates
1. There are different types of sugars yet they have the same chemical formula. What do we call these
molecules? ___________________________________________
2. 2 monosaccharides are joined together in the process called
____________________________________________________.
a. Look at the boxed elements in the diagram. What molecule is produced during this process?
_______________________
3. To break apart a polysaccharide or disaccharide, this process occurs
____________________________________________________.
a. What must be put back into the molecules to break them apart?
______________________________________________
4. What 2 monosaccharides are found in:
Lactose: ______________________ ______________________
Maltose: ______________________ ______________________
Sucrose: ______________________ ______________________
5. Humans and other animals store carbohydrates in the form of ________________________.
This polysaccharide is stored in ____________________ & __________________.
PROTEINS
http://www.chem4kids.com/files/bio_proteins.html
1. Proteins are chains of _______________________________.
2. There are 4 protein structures:
a. The sequence of amino acids is the _____________________________ structure.
b. The structure then begins to fold or twist in the ______________________ structure.
c. More folding with disulfide bridges is called ________________________ structure.
d. The most complex structure is called __________________________________.
https://www.wisc-online.com/learn/natural-science/life-science/ap13304/biomolecules---the-proteins
1. Proteins contain these elements: __________________________________________
2. Proteins are found in your muscles, organs, and other structures. They can also be functional.
a. Examples of functional proteins include:
i.
__________________________________________________________
3. Proteins are made of _______________________ of which there are only __________.
a. They are bonded by a special covalent bond called ____________________ bond.
4. Proteins can be unfolded or _____________________ when temperatures or pH is too high
or too low.
5. Why must vegetarians eat a wide variety of foods?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
LIPIDS
http://www.chem4kids.com/files/bio_lipids.html
1. Many organisms make use of waxes for structure and protection.
a. Bees make ________________________ out of wax.
b. Humans have wax in ____________________ for protection.
c. Plants have wax on their leaves to prevent _____________________ which could
kill them otherwise.
3. Steroids can be found within ______________________ such as testosterone.
a. Steroids can be used in medicine for asthma and acne.
4. Draw a steroid molecule below:
5. Triglycerides are made from ____________________ and _____________________.
a. Triglycerides are commonly called fats. They can be classified based on the bonds
between the long chains of bonded carbon atoms.
________________________ only single C-C bonds
________________________ contains 1+ C-C double bond
6. Which one gives you more energy?
Carbohydrate or Lipid
https://www.wisc-online.com/learn/natural-science/life-science/ap13204/biomolecules---the-lipids
7. Lipids are insoluble/ soluble in water. This means that they do/do not dissolve in water.
8. What process are fatty acid chains attached to the glycerol molecule? ___________________________
9. Fats (triglycerides) serve these functions:
a. ______________________________________
b. ______________________________________
c. ______________________________________
10. Saturated fats come from ____________________________________ and are ________________
at room temperature.
11. Unsaturated fats come from ___________________________________ and are _______________
at room temperature.
a. _________________________________ only 1 double C-C bond
b. _________________________________ many double C-C bonds
12. Draw these triglycerides:
unsaturated
saturated
13. ____________________________ are lipids that make up the cell membrane.
14. Draw the phospholipid bilayer:
15. In the diagram above, label the hydrophilic head and the hydrophobic tail.
16. Cholesterol is made of ________ carbon rings.
Functions include: ________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
By looking at the diagram, where are cholesterol molecules located? __________________________
NUCLEIC ACIDS
http://www.chem4kids.com/files/bio_nucleicacids.html
1. Nucleic Acids got their name because scientists first discovered them in ____________________.
a. Now, it is known that nucleic acids are also found in ______________________________,
________________________, and organisms without a __________________________.
http://biology.about.com/od/molecularbiology/a/nucleicacids.htm
3. Name the nucleic acid:
a. Passed on from parent to offspring ____________________________
b. Required for protein synthesis ________________________________
c. The monomer of nucleic acids is called a ____________________________________.
i.
There are _________ nucleotides that contain these 3 parts:
1.
___________________________
2.
___________________________
3.
___________________________
4.
Draw a nucleotide below (anyone of the 5 will do!)
4. Nucleotides are joined by removing a molecule of water in the process called
_______________________________________.
5. There are many kinds of nucleic acids. Most are long chains of _______________________
however, some can exist as single molecules such as ____________________________.
Challenge:
Organic molecules are joined together by the process of dehydration synthesis.
Predict how organic molecules are broken apart.