Supplemental Methods:
The following variables are adjusted for in each Cox Frailty model:
All-cause death: level of education, rhythm control, cognitive
impairment/dementia, hyperlipidemia, eGFR ≤80, eGFR >80, LAD type, cancer,
diastolic blood pressure truncated at 70, intraventricular conduction, frailty height,
heart rate, hematocrit, diabetes, smoking, systolic blood pressure ≤120, COPD,
sex, CHF, age, functional status, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, coronary
artery disease.
New onset heart failure: insurance status, LVEF type, significant valvular
disease, prior MI, eGFR, heart rate, anemia, age, history of CAD
Stroke or non-CNS embolism or TIA: dialysis, AF type, peripheral vascular
disease, AV node/HIS bundle ablation, weight, hypertension, age, history of
stroke/TIA
All-cause hospitalization: age ≤70, age >70, weight, osteoporosis, height, PCI,
cancer, OSA, anemia, frailty, insurance status, history of CAD, PI/site specialty,
prior antiarrhythmic drug use, peripheral vascular disease, functional status,
heart rate >68, diabetes, hematocrit, eGFR ≤80, COPD, diastolic blood pressure
truncated at 70, EHRA score, CHF
Cardiovascular hospitalization: history of CAD, prior valve replacement/repair,
COPD, history of PCI, rhythm control, peripheral vascular disease, functional
status, eGFR, LVEF type, diastolic blood pressure, AF type, diabetes,
hematocrit, prior antiarrhythmic drug use, LAD type, age ≤75, age >75, heart rate
>70, PI/site specialty, EHRA score, CHF
2
Bleeding hospitalization: COPD, prior cardioversions, level of education, OSA,
sex, prior valve replacement/repair, insurance, rhythm, age, eGFR, anemia,
hematocrit, history of GI bleed
Non-CV, non-bleeding hospitalization: family history of AF, history of drug
abuse, weight, anemia, diastolic blood pressure ≤75, peripheral vascular
disease, liver disease, systolic blood pressure ≤130, systolic blood pressure
>130, PI/site specialty, smoking status, level of education, functional status,
cancer, height, frailty, diabetes, OSA, hematocrit, CHF, age, eGFR ≤80, COPD
Atrial Fibrillation Progression: Most recent 12 lead EKG: atrial fibrillation or
atrial flutter, Linear spline of heart rate ≤80 bpm, Linear spline of heart rate >80
bpm, Congestive heart failure, Age, left atrial diameter, Prior cardioversions,
Race, Sinus node dysfunction/sick sinus syndrome, Anemia, Type of AF at
baseline