ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL
Table 1. WCC construction phase – Materials
Material
Ecoinvent dataset
kg
g/kWh
282.00
2.82E-03
0.02
2.27E-07
112.80
1.13E-03
0.30
2.98E-06
180.00
1.80E-03
36.00
3.60E-04
MECHANICAL/ELCTRICAL COMPONENTS
Aluminium
Aluminium, primary, at plant/RER U
Brass
Brass, at plant/CH U
Copper
Copper, primary, at refinery/RER U
Epoxy resin
epoxy resin, liquid, at plant
Fiberglass
glass fibre reinforced plastic, polyester resin,
hand lay-up, at plant
Galvanized steel
Galvanized steel sheets, at plant/RNA
Iron
cast iron, at plant
113.33
1.13E-03
Iron Nichel steel
iron, nichel, chromium alloy, at plant
455.89
4.56E-03
lubricant oil
Lubricating oil, at plant/RER U
17.00
1.70E-04
Other polymers
Polyethylene HDPE, LDPE, LLDPE
28.20
2.82E-04
Rubber
Synthetic rubber, at plant
0.23
2.27E-06
Stainless steel
chromium steel 18/8, at plant
505.18
5.05E-03
Steel
steel, low-alloyed, at plant
2,875.68
2.88E-02
Galvanized Steel
Galvanized steel sheets, at plant/RNA
2,550.00
2.55E-02
Polymeric adhesive
Adhesive for metals, at plant/DE U
PVC
PVC pipe A
Stainless steel
chromium steel 18/8, at plant
Wood
Scots pine (grenen) I
H2O CIRCUIT COMPONENTS
STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS
Aluminium
Concrete
Fiberglass
Nylon
Polyester
PVC
Stainless steel
Aluminium, primary, at plant/RER U
Concrete, normal, at plant/CH U
glass fibre reinforced plastic, polyester resin,
hand lay-up, at plant
Nylon 66, at plant
Polyester (unsat) I
PVC film (calendered) A
chromium steel 18/8, at plant
4.00
4.00E-05
1,002.67
1.00E-02
74.67
7.47E-04
1,411.20
1.41E-02
5.60
48,498.67
5.60E-05
4.85E-01
21,635.20
2.16E-01
0.84
3,676.00
8,947.20
1,030.13
8.53E-06
3.68E-02
8.95E-02
1.03E-02
Table 2. WCC construction phase – Transport
t-km kg-km/kWh
MECHANICAL/ELCTRICAL COMPONENTS
Components to factory (truck)
Scenario 1 Truck
Container ship
Scenario 2 Truck
Aircraft
H2O CIRCUIT COMPONENTS
Truck
138.19
1.38E-03
5,228.77
5.23E-02
-
-
94.78
9.48E-04
2,820.00
2.82E-02
151.27
1.51E-03
1,060.37
1.06E-02
70,589.97
7.06E-01
STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS
Components to factory (truck)
Scenario 1 Truck
Container ship
Scenario 2 Truck
Aircraft
-
-
2,823.59
2.82E-02
59,295.58
5.93E-01
Table 3. WCC operating phase
Item
Ecoinvent dataset
m3
l/kWh
Cooling Water
Water unspecified origin, ES
300.000
3.00
Cooling Water
Water completely softened, at plant, RER/U
300.000
3.00
Item
Dataset
kWh
kWh/kWh
WCC power consumption
Electricity production CSP plant_MACCSol
1,298,500
0.012984
Table 4. WCC end of life phase
kg
Material
Recycle
g/kWh
Landfill
Incineration
Recycle
Landfill
Incineration
14.10
2.26E-03
4.23E-04
1.41E-04
MECHANICAL/ELCTRICAL COMPONENTS
Aluminium
225.60
Brass
42.30
2.27E-07
0.02
Copper
101.52
epoxy resin
Fiberglass
Galvanized steel
33.48
11.28
1.02E-03
0.30
2.98E-06
180.00
1.80E-03
2.52
3.35E-04
2.52E-05
7.93E-05
3.19E-04
Iron
105.40
7.93
1.05E-03
Iron Nichel steel
423.98
31.91
4.24E-03
lubricant oil
Rubber
Steel
13.25
7.05
7.90
1.33E-04
0.11
0.06
0.06
1.07E-06
5.67E-07
3.54E-04
2.01E-03
469.81
35.36
4.70E-03
2,674.39
201.30
2.67E-02
Stainless steel
1.13E-04
1.70E-04
17.00
Other polymers
0.00E+00
7.05E-05
7.89E-05
6.35E-07
H2O CIRCUIT COMPONENTS
Galvanized steel
Hot Dip Galvanized Steel
7.44
2,364.06
Polymeric adhesive
0.56
7.44E-05
5.60E-06
7.44E-05
177.94
2.36E-02
1.78E-03
2.36E-02
4.00E-05
4.00
PVC
Stainless steel
471.25
250.67
4.71E-03
69.44
5.23
6.94E-04
Wood
2.51E-03
5.23E-05
2.81E-03
4.71E-03
6.94E-04
1.41E-02
1,411.20
STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS
Aluminium
4.48
0.84
0.28
4.48E-05
8.40E-06
Concrete
48,498.67
4.85E-01
Fiberglass
21,635.20
2.16E-01
Nylon
Polyester
PVC
Stainless steel
0.39
2.80E-06
0.21
0.24
6.27E-08
3.33E-08
3.73E-08
1,727.72
919.00
1.029.28
3.95E-06
2.10E-06
2.35E-06
4,205.18
2,236.80
2.505.22
1.73E-02
9.19E-03
1.03E-02
958.02
72.11
4.20E-02
2.24E-02
2.50E-02
Table 5. ACC construction phase – Materials
Material
Ecoinvent dataset
MECHANICAL/ELCTRICAL COMPONENTS
Aluminium
Aluminium, primary, at plant/RER U
Copper
Copper, primary, at refinery/RER U
Epoxy resin
epoxy resin, liquid, at plant
kg
g/kWh
51.73523
20.69409
0.349562
5.22E-04
2.09E-04
3.52E-06
Fiberglass
glass fibre reinforced plastic, polyester resin,
hand lay-up, at plant
248.1893
2.50E-03
Iron
Iron Nichel steel
Other polymers
Stainless steel
Steel
Steel
cast iron, at plant
iron, nichel, chromium alloy, at plant
Polyethylene HDPE, LDPE, LLDPE
chromium steel 18/8, at plant
reinforcing steel, at plant
steel, low-alloyed, at plant
132.8337
284.8933
5.173523
458.0386
552.0092
476.8736
1.34E-03
2.87E-03
5.22E-05
4.62E-03
5.56E-03
4.81E-03
Aluminium, primary, at plant/RER U
20,569.65
650.186
36,004.92
7,907.101
2.07E-01
6.55E-03
3.63E-01
8.07E-02
STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS
Aluminium
Polyethilene
Steel
Steel
reinforcing steel, at plant
steel, low-alloyed, at plant
Table 6. ACC construction phase – Transport
t-km
kg-km/kWh
981.45
9.89E-03
75,054.12
7.57E-01
MECHANICAL/ELCTRICAL COMPONENTS
Components to factory (truck)
Scenario 1 Truck
Container ship
Scenario 2 Truck
Aircraft
Truck
STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS
-
-
2.862.09
2.89E-02
56,630.70
5.71E-01
10,110.69
1.02E-01
Table 7. ACC operating phase
Item
Dataset
ACC power consumption
Electricity production CSP plant_MACCSol
kWh
kWh/kWh
1,987,600
0.020037
Table 8. ACC end of life phase
kg
Material
Recycle
Landfill
MECHANICAL/ELCTRICAL COMPONENTS
Aluminium
41.39
7.76
Copper
18.62
Epoxy resin
0.35
Fiberglass
248.19
Iron
123.54
9.30
Iron Nichel steel
264.95
19.94
Other polymers
2.43
1.29
Stainless steel
425.98
32.06
Steel
513.37
38.64
Steel
443.49
33.38
STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS
Aluminium
16,455.72
3.085.45
Polyethilene
305.59
162.55
Steel
33,484.58
2.520.34
Steel
7,353.60
553.50
Incineration
2.59
2.07
1.45
1.028.48
182.05
Recycle
4.17E-04
1.88E-04
g/kWh
Landfill
7.82E-05
1.25E-03
2.67E-03
2.45E-05
4.29E-03
5.18E-03
4.47E-03
3.52E-06
2.50E-03
9.37E-05
2.01E-04
1.30E-05
3.23E-04
3.90E-04
3.37E-04
1.66E-01
3.08E-03
3.38E-01
7.41E-02
3.11E-02
1.64E-03
2.54E-02
5.58E-03
Incineration
2.61E-05
2.09E-05
1.46E-05
1.04E-02
1.84E-03
Table 9. MACC construction phase – Materials
Material
Ecoinvent dataset
kg g/kWh
Adhesive
Adhesive for metals, at plant/DE U
Aluminium
Aluminium, primary, at plant/RER U
1,693.44 1.63E-02
Aluminium
Aluminium, production mix, at plant/RER U
4,651.58 4.48E-02
Brass
Brass, at plant/CH U
26.21
Bronze
Bronze, at plant/CH U
26.21 2.52E-04
Cable
Cable, three-conductor cable, at plant/GLO U
10.08 9.70E-05
Copper
Copper, primary, at refinery/RER U
Electronic
component
Epoxy resin
Electronic component, unspecified, at plant/GLO U
299.71 2.89E-03
Epoxy resin, liquid, at plant/RER U
178.75 1.72E-03
Fiberglass
241.25 2.32E-03
Gold
Glass fibre reinforced plastic, polyamide, injection moulding, at
plant/RER U
Gold, at regional storage/RER U
Insulating material
Tube insulation, elastomere, at plant/DE U
Lead
Lead, at regional storage/RER U
0.67 6.47E-06
Lubricating oil
Lubricating oil, at plant/RER U
2.69 2.59E-05
Magnetite
Magnetite, at plant/GLO U
Nickel
Nickel, 99,5%, at plant/GLO U
Nylon 6
Nylon 6, at plant/RER U
241.25 2.32E-03
Nylon 66
Nylon 66, at plant/RER U
241.25 2.32E-03
Polyethylene
Polyethylene, HDPE, granulate, at plant/RER U
36.96 3.56E-04
Polyethylene
Polyethylene, LDPE, granulate, at plant/RER U
36.96 3.56E-04
Polyethylene
Polyethylene, LLDPE, granulate, at plant/RER U
36.96 3.56E-04
Polypropylene
Polypropylene, granulate, at plant/RER U
1,904.45 1.83E-02
Rubber
Synthetic rubber, at plant/RER U
2,264.98 2.18E-02
Steel
Steel, low alloyed at plant, RER/U
Tin
Tin, at regional storage/RER U
0.67 6.47E-06
Zinc
Zinc, primary, at regional storage/RER U
0.67 6.47E-06
14.78 1.42E-04
2.52E-04
2,987.04 2.88E-02
0.67 6.47E-06
18.82 1.81E-04
2,264.98 2.18E-02
0.67 6.47E-06
50,012.93
4.81E-01
Table 10. MACC construction phase – Transport
Scenario 1 Truck
Container ship
Scenario 2 Truck
Aircraft
t-km
kg-km/kWh
1,102,096.50
10.61
37,653.00
0.36
55,194.00
0.53
726,831.00
7.00
Table 11. MACC operating phase
Item
Dataset
MACC power consumption
Electricity production CSP plant_MACCSol
kWh
kWh/kWh
853,200
0.008214
Table 12. MACC end of life phase
kg
Recycle
Adhesive
Aluminium
g/kWh
Landfill
Incineration
Recycle
14.78
5,076.02
951.75
Landfill
1.42E-04
317.25
4.89E-02
9.16E-03
Brass
26.21
2.52E-04
Bronze
26.21
2.52E-04
Cable
10.08
9.70E-05
Copper
2,688.34
298.70
2.59E-02
299.71
2.89E-03
Epoxy resin
178.75
1.72E-03
Fiberglass
241.25
2.32E-03
0.67
6.47E-06
18.82
1.81E-04
Lead
0.67
6.47E-06
Lubricating oil
2.69
2.59E-05
2,264.98
2.18E-02
Insulating material
Magnetite
Nickel
0.67
3.05E-03
2.88E-03
Electronic component
Gold
Incineration
6.47E-06
Nylon 6
113.39
60.31
67.55
1.09E-03
5.81E-04
6.50E-04
Nylon 66
113.39
60.31
67.55
1.09E-03
5.81E-04
6.50E-04
52.11
27.72
31.05
5.02E-04
2.67E-04
2.99E-04
895.09
476.11
533.25
8.62E-03
4.58E-03
5.13E-03
1,064.54
566.24
634.19
1.02E-02
5.45E-03
6.11E-03
46,512.02
3,500.90
4.48E-01
3.37E-02
Polyethylene
Polypropylene
Rubber
Steel
Tin
0.67
6.47E-06
Zinc
0.67
6.47E-06
Table 13. “Electricity production CSP plant_MACCSol” process
KNOWN INPUTS FROM TECHNOSPHERE - MATERIALS/FUELS
Aluminium oxide, at plant/RER U
3,975
kg
3.9744E-05
kg/kWh
Cast iron ETH U
150,000
kg
0.00149977
kg/kWh
Concrete (reinforced) I
3,201,600 kg
0.03201118
kg/kWh
Concrete, normal, at plant/CH U
21,629
m3
0.00021626
m3/kWh
Copper ETH U
65,000
kg
0.0006499
kg/kWh
Copper product manufacturing, average metal working/RER U
110,000
kg
0.00109983
kg/kWh
Copper, secondary, from electronic and electric scrap recycling, at refinery/SE
U
Copper, at regional storage/RER U
119,570
kg
0.00119552
kg/kWh
45,000
kg
0.00044993
kg/kWh
Flat glass, coated, at plant/RER U
2,120,000 kg
0.02119681
kg/kWh
Glass fibre, at plant/RER U
45,450
kg
0.00045443
kg/kWh
Iron scrap, at plant/RER U
4,860,693 kg
0.04859962
kg/kWh
NaOH ETH U
8,150,000 kg
0.08148774
kg/kWh
Polyethylene, HDPE, granulate, at plant/RER U
90,000
kg
0.00089986
kg/kWh
Reinforcing steel, at plant/RER U
3,667,670 kg
0.03667118
kg/kWh
Steel product manufacturing, average metal working/RER U
3,845,340 kg
0.03844761
kg/kWh
Steel, low-alloyed, at plant/RER U
1,77,670
kg
0.00177643
kg/kWh
Storage 10'000 l/RER/I U
600
p
5.9991E-06
p/kWh
Transformer, high voltage use, at plant/GLO U
117,676
kg
0.00117658
kg/kWh
KNOWN INPUTS FROM TECHNOSPHERE - ELECTRICITY/HEAT
Transport, freight, rail/RER U
487,600
tkm 0.00487527
tkm/kWh
Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER U
2,864,650
tkm 0.02864219
tkm/kWh
KNOWN OUTPUTS TO TECHNOSPHERE - AVOIDED PRODUCTS
Copper, primary, at refinery/RER U
119,570 kg
0.00119552 kg/kWh
4,860,693 kg
0.04859962 kg/kWh
3,780,337 kg
0.03779768 kg/kWh
Disposal, concrete, 5% water, to inert material landfill/CH U
19,840,901 kg
0.19837915 kg/kWh
Disposal, copper, 0% water, to municipal incineration/CH U
4,600 kg
4.5993E-05 kg/kWh
Disposal, glass, 0% water, to inert material landfill/CH U
21,200 kg
0.00021197 kg/kWh
Disposal, plastics, mixture, 15.3% water, to sanitary landfill/CH U
10,000 kg
9.9985E-05 kg/kWh
Disposal, steel, 0% water, to inert material landfill/CH U
160,714 kg
0.0016069 kg/kWh
Process-specific burdens, residual material landfill/CH U
51,450 kg
0.00051442 kg/kWh
2,098,800 kg
0.02098484 kg/kWh
90,000 kg
0.00089986 kg/kWh
Pig iron, at plant/GLO U
FINAL WASTE FLOWS
Disposal, cement-fibre slab, 0% water, to municipal incineration/CH U
Recycling glass/RER U
Recycling mixed plastics/RER U