S1 Table. Mean values from seven-day dietary records for the subject on vegan (usual diet) and
vegetarian (modified) background diets (assessed by two-tailed Student’s t-test, if unequal
variance, p-value is for t-test assuming unequal variance or Welch's non-parametric test). Pvalues below 0.05 are highlighted in bold.
Nutrient
Energy (kcal)
Protein (g)
Total fat (g)
Carbohydrate (g)
Fiber, total dietary (g)
Sugars, total (g)
Sucrose (g)
Glucose (dextrose) (g)
Fructose (g)
Starch (g)
Calcium, Ca (mg)
Iron, Fe (mg)
Magnesium, Mg (mg)
Phosphorus, P (mg)
Potassium, K (mg)
Sodium, Na (mg)
Zinc, Zn (mg)
Copper, Cu (mg)
Manganese, Mn (mg)
Selenium, Se (mcg)
Fluoride, F (mcg)
Vitamin C, total ascorbic acid (mg)
Thiamin (mg)
Riboflavin (mg)
Niacin (mg)
Pantothenic acid (mg)
Vitamin B-6 (mg)
Folate, total (mcg)
Choline, total (mg)
Betaine (mg)
Vitamin B-12 (mcg)
Usual Diet
Mean
SD
2392.57
659.12
64.33
27.20
91.90
39.85
338.51
87.14
38.94
8.44
111.04
25.39
9.45
9.31
8.59
4.11
10.84
5.97
31.43
16.24
1118.86
369.43
32.43
9.86
549.57
261.07
1240.43
665.98
2819.29
1281.69
1963.29
635.51
10.11
4.06
2.61
1.07
6.34
2.10
53.70
13.22
899.47
615.01
63.01
23.99
2.14
0.90
2.53
1.60
19.56
8.65
3.13
0.60
2.16
0.85
528.57
303.68
141.94
72.35
23.93
48.62
0.51
0.75
Modified Diet
Mean
SD
2268.00
521.35
75.04
26.43
87.72
32.12
298.23
74.69
28.69
6.32
100.99
32.99
9.14
8.01
6.97
3.20
8.29
6.70
31.72
23.78
1733.00
568.34
23.70
9.85
287.43
126.41
1190.29
459.23
2249.00
459.51
2054.86
611.36
9.55
4.07
1.12
0.36
5.06
2.68
64.66
19.89
658.71
434.17
29.07
7.86
1.45
0.51
1.82
0.53
14.79
4.94
3.96
1.32
1.68
0.64
321.00
116.75
92.66
41.68
2.74
1.04
3.28
1.66
p-value
0.70
0.47
0.83
0.37
0.02
0.54
0.95
0.43
0.47
0.98
0.03
0.12
0.03
0.87
0.29
0.79
0.80
0.01
0.34
0.25
0.41
0.01
0.10
0.29
0.23
0.16
0.25
0.12
0.14
0.27
0.002
Vitamin A, IU (IU)
Retinol (mcg)
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) (mg)
Vitamin D (IU)
Vitamin K (phylloquinone) (mcg)
Fatty acids, total saturated (g)
4;0 (g)
6;0 (g)
8;0 (g)
10;0 (g)
12;0` (g)
14;0 (g)
15;0 (g)
16;0 (g)
17;0 (g)
18;0 (g)
Fatty acids, total monounsaturated (g)
14;1 (g)
15;1 (g)
16;1 undifferentiated (g)
16;1c (g)
17;1 (g)
18:1 undifferentiated (g)
18:1 c (g)
18:1 t (g)
20;1 (g)
Fatty acids, total polyunsaturated (g)
18:2 undifferentiated (g)
18:2 n-6 c,c (g)
18:3 undifferentiated (g)
18:3 n-3 c,c,c (g)
20:4 undifferentiated (g)
20:5 n-3 (g)
22:6 n-3 (g)
Fatty acids, total trans (g)
Cholesterol (mg)
Phytosterols (mg)
Tryptophan (g)
Threonine (g)
Isoleucine (g)
Leucine (g)
17362.71
519.00
6.51
125.54
163.19
17.99
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.24
0.20
0.00
8.10
0.02
4.06
27.24
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.02
0.00
23.58
7.58
0.18
0.11
38.19
31.04
11.80
3.19
0.17
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.27
7.14
179.43
0.69
1.98
2.16
4.03
15343.22
116.49
3.51
83.29
263.74
7.40
0.03
0.04
0.09
0.08
0.58
0.25
0.00
3.71
0.02
2.13
15.16
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.04
0.00
14.37
10.03
0.47
0.07
17.25
15.42
15.78
2.75
0.23
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.67
18.90
135.31
0.45
1.28
1.40
2.23
12708.29
788.57
7.88
106.77
37.89
37.85
1.28
0.65
0.46
0.99
1.19
3.67
0.00
13.55
0.05
6.11
25.57
0.00
0.00
1.12
0.08
0.00
22.29
2.19
0.24
0.09
13.70
10.86
1.16
1.09
0.07
0.03
0.00
0.01
0.27
220.00
92.14
0.69
1.89
2.43
4.49
6735.82
306.20
5.45
39.94
23.23
15.32
0.69
0.31
0.18
0.26
0.55
1.79
0.00
5.58
0.06
3.20
11.27
0.00
0.00
0.66
0.08
0.01
10.72
1.50
0.26
0.06
6.69
5.99
0.88
0.47
0.07
0.04
0.00
0.01
0.28
81.05
73.40
0.28
0.67
0.99
1.94
0.48
0.06
0.59
0.60
0.23
0.01
0.003
0.002
0.0001
0.00004
0.01
0.002
0.05
0.18
0.18
0.82
0.34
0.01
0.14
0.18
0.85
0.19
0.78
0.51
0.01
0.01
0.10
0.07
0.27
0.92
0.06
0.99
0.0003
0.16
1.00
0.87
0.69
0.69
Lysine (g)
Methionine (g)
Cystine (g)
Phenylalanine (g)
Tyrosine (g)
Valine (g)
Arginine (g)
Histidine (g)
Alanine (g)
Aspartic acid (g)
Glutamic acid (g)
Glycine (g)
Proline (g)
Serine (g)
Alcohol, ethyl (g)
Caffeine (mg)
Carotene, beta (mcg)
2.48
0.84
0.86
2.51
1.74
2.55
4.59
1.28
2.50
5.30
10.14
2.41
2.68
2.64
0.00
50.29
7555.86
2.00
0.42
0.43
1.49
1.08
1.45
3.04
0.79
1.35
3.80
5.55
1.39
1.56
1.70
0.00
43.55
7715.31
3.56
1.16
0.79
2.70
2.28
3.26
2.63
1.58
2.07
4.21
10.30
1.63
4.53
2.79
0.00
40.86
4571.57
1.64
0.47
0.29
1.14
1.07
1.39
1.02
0.71
0.71
1.26
4.10
0.65
2.21
1.04
0.00
31.00
3858.18
0.29
0.20
0.74
0.79
0.37
0.37
0.13
0.48
0.47
0.48
0.95
0.21
0.10
0.85
0.65
0.38