Supplemental Table1: Patients Gender (M/F) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 M M F F F M M F M M M F F M M F M M F M M F M F F F Clinical characteristics of patients with epilepsy. Age (year) 21 15 22 17 30 26 15 16 22 14 18 20 17 25 26 18 19 18 31 30 23 32 22 24 29 27 Course (year) 15 4 3 16 24 2 2 15 16 7 4 13 5 2 14 16 4 8 2 10 5 7 4 20 16 5 AEDs before surgery CBZ,VPA,TPM CBZ,PHT,VPA CBZ,VPA,TPM CBZ,PB,LTG VPA,CBZ,CZP CBZ,VPA,PHT PHT,VPA,OXC PB,CBZ,TPM,LTG CBZ,VPA,TPM TPM,OXC,VPA PHT,CBZ,CZP VPA,TPM,LTG,PHT VPA,TPM,CBZ CBZ,VPA,LTG PB,VPA,CBZ,TPM VPA,CBZ,PB CBZ,VPA,TPM,LTG CBZ,VPA,TPM CBZ,VPA,CZP CBZ,VPA,TPM,LTG PB,CBZ,PHT,VPA VPA,PHT,CBZ CBZ,PHT,TPM,OXC CBZ,PHT,PB PHT,PB,CBZ,VPA CBZ,TPM,VPA Resection tissue Pathology TNl TNr TNr TNl TNl TNl TNr TNl TNl TNl TNr TNl TNr TNr TNr TNr TNl TNl TNl TNr TNr TNl TNr TNl TNl TNr NL,G NL,G NL,G NL,G NL G G NL,G NL,G NL,G NL,G NL,G NL,G G NL NL,G NL,G NL,G G NL,G NL,G NL,G NL,G NL,G NL,G G F, female; M, male; AEDs, antiepileptic drugs; CBZ, carbamazepine; VPA, valproate; PB, Phenobarbital; TPM, topiramate; PHT, phenytoin; LTG, lamotrigine; OXC, oxcarbazepine; CZP, clonazepam; TN, temporal neocortex; l, left; r, right; NL, neuron loss; G, Gliosis. Supplemental Table2: Clinical characteristics of control group. Gender (M/F) F F M M M M Age (year) 22 31 28 16 24 18 Etiology diagnosis Trauma Trauma Trauma Trauma Trauma Trauma Resection tissue TNr TNl TNl TNr TNl TNr Tissue pathology N N N N N N F F M F M F 17 26 32 23 20 19 Trauma Trauma Trauma Trauma Trauma Trauma F, female; M, male; TN, temporal neocortex; l, left; r, right; N, normal. TNr TNl TNl TNr TNr TNl N N N N N N