Supplementary material 1.
N°
Age
Outcome
Sex
(years)
(1=Died)
Characteristics of the false positive episodes
Ward
Underline disease
N° positive
samples/ Slope
N °total
1/1
NA
Antifungal
treatment
Clinical presentation
Possible cause of false positive results
Fluconazole
prophylaxis
Pneumonia by S.maltophilia
Gram- infections
1
63
F
0
Haematology
AML
2
63
F
0
Haematology
AML
1/1
NA
Itraconazole
prophylaxis
Pneumonia
Candiduria by C.glabrata
3
64
F
0
Haematology
AML
1/2
>0
Fluconazole
prophylaxis
Sepsis by P.aeruginosa
Gram- infections
4
24
F
0
Haematology
ALL
1/1
NA
No
Pneumonia by SRV
Previous IA probable, 1 month before
5
44
M
0
Haematology
Aplasia
6/9
<0
Posaconazole
prophylaxis
Only neutropenia
Hemoderivate infusion
6
27
M
0
Haematology
ALL
1/4
<0
Itraconazole
prophylaxis
Only neutropenia
GM positive on the same day,
probable contamination during samples collection
7
68
M
1
Haematology
AML
2/4
>0
Fluconazole
prophylaxis
Pneumonia by P.aeruginosa
Gram- infection, β-lactam
8
41
M
0
Bone marrow
transplant unit
HSCT
5/6
<0
L-Amphotericin
prophylaxis
Only neutropenia
Immunoglobulin infusion
9
76
M
0
ICU
Solid Neoplasia
2/2
<0
No
Sepsis
Surgery (3 days before),
multifocal colonization by C.albicans
10
64
M
0
ICU
Kidney transplant
4/4
<0
No
Pneumonia by E.coli
Pentaglobin infusion, Gram- infections
11
73
F
1
ICU
Vasculite
5/6
<0
Fluconazole
empiric
Sepsis
Pentaglobin infusion, β-lactam
12
62
M
0
ICU
Cardiological
2/2
<0
No
ARDS
Pentaglobin infusion
13
65
M
0
ICU
Oesophageal Perforation
2/2
<0
Caspofungin
empiric
Septic shock by mixed Gram- infection
14
36
M
0
ICU
Autoimmune cirrhosis in liver
transplant for Crigler Najjar II
1/1
NA
No
Septic shock by S.pneumoniae
Pentaglobin infusion, multifocal colonization by C.krusei,
surgery (10 days before), Gram- infection,
β-lactam
Gram+ infection, β-lactam
15
67
M
0
ICU
Rheumatoid arthritis
1/1
NA
No
Pneumonia by S.aureus
Diffuse cutaneous ulceration, colonization by C.glabrata
1
16
41
M
0
ICU
Arrithmogenic right ventricularc
dysplasia
1/1
NA
L-Amphotericin
empiric
Septic shock by Parainfluenzal virus
β-lactam
17
59
F
0
ICU
Solid Neoplasia
5/6
<0
Fluconazole
empiric
Septic shock by B.caccae
Pentaglobin infusion, Gram- infection
18
24
F
1
ICU
Arrhythmia probable myocarditis
1/1
NA
No
Shock
Positivity to GM on BAL, possible colonization,
β-lactam
19
66
F
0
ICU
Liver transplantation
1/2
<0
Bactrim
prophylaxis
Pneumonia by P.aeruginosa
Gram- infection, β-lactam
20
64
M
1
ICU
Liver transplantation
3/3
>0
Anidulafungin 2°
prophylaxis
Septic shock by mixed G- infection
on anastomotic lack
21
66
M
1
ICU
Community acquired Pneumonia
5/5
<0
No
Septic shock by E.coli ,
complicated with VAP due to A.baumanni
22
94
M
1
ICU
Bladder perforation on urotelial
carcinoma
2/2
>0
No
Septic shock in terminal patients without
significant microbiological isolate
Previous candidemia (1 months before),
high dosage albumin infusion, Gram- infections,
GM positivity on BAL, possible colonization, β-lactam
Pentaglobin infusion,
colonization by A.fumigatus,
Gram- infection, β-lactam
GM positivity on BAL, infection not excluded,
surgery 15 days before, β-lactam
23
88
M
1
Infectious
Diseases
Atrial fibrillation in chronic cardiac
failure NYHA IV
1/1
NA
Caspofungin
empiric
Septic shock, responsive to empiric
antifungal treatment
Persistent candiduria by C.glabrata
24
60
M
0
Gastroenterol
ogy
Cirrhosis;COPD
1/1
NA
No
Pneumonia
25
83
M
1
Haematology
AML
1/2
>0
Fluconazole
prophylaxis
Pneumonia
High dosage albumin infusion,
positivity to GM on BAL, probable colonization,
β-lactam
Possible IFI
26
68
M
0
Haematology
AML
3/6
<0
L-Amphotericin
empiric
Pneumonia
Possible IFI
27
53
F
0
Infectious
Diseases
1° Hyperparathyroidism
2/3
<0
Caspofungin
empiric
Long hospitalization, refractory fever
responsive to empiric antifungal treatment
Suspect candidemia
28
67
F
0
1/2
<0
No
Renal biopsy positive for fungal hyphae
Nothing
29
25
F
0
Haematology
ALL
2/6
>0
Fluconazole
prophylaxis
Only neutropenia
Nothing
30
21
M
0
Haematology
ALL
6/6
>0
Fluconazole
prophylaxis
Only neutropenia
Nothing
Nephrology Chronic renal failure grade IV not in
dialysis
AML= acute myeloid leukemia, ALL= acute lymphoblastic leukemia, HSCT = hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ARDS = Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome, VAP = Ventilation
Acquired Pneumonia, NYHA=New York Heart Association functional classification, NA= not assessable
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