Valerie S. Bernan & Guy T. Carter
Recent Invited Lectures:
1. Carter GT. 2006. Pharmaceutical profiling in drug discovery, Natural Products
Discovery and Production: New Challenges; New Opportunities, Engineering
Conferences International, Santa Fe, NM, June 5, 2006.
2. Carter GT. 2006. Refocused efforts on natural products-based drug discovery:
Why the time is right, Award Symposium honoring Dr. George Ellestad, National
Medicinal Chemistry Symposium, Seattle, WA, June 28, 2006.
3. Carter GT. 2006. New Products from “Old” Pathways: The Value of
Perseverance.. 2006 Society for Industrial Microbiology Annual Meeting,
Baltimore, MD, July 31, 2006.
4. Carter GT. 2006. The Resurgence of Natural Product Drug Discovery:
Renaissance or Reformation? Realizing Nature’s Potential: The Once and
Future King of Drug Discovery. A Symposium Honoring the Lifetime
Achievements of Dr. Gordon Cragg of the National Cancer Institute. Hosted by
the William L. Brown Center for Plant Genetic Resources and the Missouri
Botanical Garden. Nov. 11, 2006, St. Louis, MO.
5. Carter GT. 2007. “The Evolution of Natural Product Drug Discovery”, plenary lecture,
Nordic Natural Products Conference, Zealand, Denmark, June 13, 2007.
6. Carter GT. 2007. “ Pathways for Natural Products Drug Discovery”, NIH
Chemistry Seminar Series, Bethesda, MD, Sept. 14, 2007.
7. Carter, G.T. 2008. Pathways for Natural Product Drug Discovery, New York Academy of
Sciences Symposium “Rethinking Natural Products as a Source for Drug Leads”, New
York, NY, Jan. 22, 2008.
8. Carter, G.T. 2008. Rapamycin Analogs: New Chemistry/New Indications, Royal
Society of Chemistry Symposium “Drugs from Natural Products IV, Cambridge,
UK, April 7, 2008
9. Carter, G. T. Are Natural Products Still a Viable Source for New Antimicrobial
Agents? ICAAC/IDSA Symposium, Role of Medicinal Chemistry in Antimicrobial
Drug Discovery, Washington, DC. Oct. 26, 2008.
10. Carter, G. T. 2008. Rapamycin Analogs: New Chemistry/New Indications,
Kenneth L. Rinehart Lectures in Chemical Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana,
Nov. 13, 2008.
11. Carter, G.T. 2009. Harnessing Marine Natural Products for Drug Discovery:
Practical Marine Microbiology, Experimental Biology 2009, New Orleans, LA,
April 19, 2009.
12. Carter, G.T. 2009. Marine Natural Products: Pharmaceutical Potential.
Symposium "Drugs from the Deep: The Ocean's Role in Modern Healthcare",
Capitol Hill Ocean Week, Washington, DC, June 11, 2009
13. Carter, G.T. 2009. Strategies to Enhance the Neuroprotective Properties of
Rapamycin Analogs, RSC Conference "Functional Molecules from Natural
Sources", Oxford, UK, July 6, 2009
14. Carter, G. T., Natural Products & Drug Discovery: Rapalog Strategies, Seminar
at the University of Minnesota Center for Drug Design, Minneapolis, MN, April 21,
2010
15. Carter, G. T., Discovery & Development of Natural Products: Challenges and
Opportunities, BIOPROSP 2011, 5th International Conference on Marine
Bioprospecting, Feb.24, 2011, Tromso, Norway
16. Carter, G. T., Strategies for Natural Products Drug Discovery, NatPharma:
Nature Aided Drug Discovery, June 7, 2011, Naples, Italy
17. Carter, G. T., Strategies for survival in pre-clinical development, 52nd Annual
Meeting of the American Society of Pharmacognosy, July 31, 2011, San Diego,
CA
Selected peer-reviewed publications (of 150 total)
1. He, Haiyin; Ding, Wei-Dong; Bernan, Valerie S.; Richardson, Adam D.; Ireland, Chris
M.; Greenstein, Michael; Ellestad, George A., Carter, Guy T. 2001. Lomaiviticins A
and B, Potent Antitumor Antibiotics from Micromonospora lomaivitiensis, Journal of
the American Chemical Society. 123(22), 5362-5363
2. Bugni, Tim S.; Bernan, Valerie S.; Greenstein, Michael; Janso, Jeffrey E.; Maiese,
William M.; Mayne, Charles L.; Ireland, Chris M. 2003. Brocaenols A-C: Novel
Polyketides from a Marine-Derived Penicillium brocae, Journal of Organic Chemistry,
68(17), 6846
3. Ireland, Chris; Aalbersberg, William; Andersen, Raymond; Ayral-Kaloustian,
Semiramis; Berlinck, Roberto; Bernan, Valerie; Carter, Guy; Churchill, Alice; Clardy,
Jon; Concepcion, Gisela; De Silva, Dilip; Discafani, Carolyn; Fojo, Tito; Frost, Philip;
Gibson, Donna; Greenberger, Lee; Greenstein, Michael; Harper, Mary Kay; Mallon,
Robert; Loganzo, Frank; Nunes, Maria; Poruchynsky, Marianne; Zask, Arie. 2003.
Anticancer agents from unique natural products sources, Pharmaceutical Biology
(Lisse, Netherlands) ,41(Suppl. 1), 15-38
4. Ritacco, F. V.; Haltli, B.; Janso, J. E.; Greenstein, M.; Bernan, V. S. 2003.
Dereplication of Streptomyces soil isolates and detection of specific biosynthetic
genes using an automated ribotyping instrument, Journal of Industrial Microbiology &
Biotechnology 30(8), 472-479
5. Graziani, Edmund I.; Ritacco, Frank V.; Summers, Mia Y.; Zabriskie, T. Mark; Yu,
Ker; Bernan, ValerieS.; Greenstein, Michael; Carter, Guy T. 2003. Novel SulfurContaining Rapamycin Analogs Prepared by Precursor-Directed Biosynthesis.
Organic Letters, 5(14), 2385-238
6. Magarvey, Nathan A.; Keller, Jessica M.; Bernan, Valerie; Dworkin, Martin; Sherman,
David H. 2004. Isolation and characterization of novel marine-derived actinomycete
taxa rich in bioactive metabolites, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70(12),
7520-7529
7. Bernan, V. S.; Greenstein, M.; Carter, G. T. 2004. Mining marine microorganisms as
a source of new antimicrobials and antifungals, Current Medicinal Chemistry: AntiInfective Agents, 3(3), 181-195
8. F.E. Koehn, G.T. Carter. 2005. “The Evolving Role of Natural products in Drug
Discovery”, Nature Reviews- Drug Discovery 4(3):206-220.
9. Graziani, Edmund I.; Ritacco, Frank V.; Bernan, Valerie S.; Telliez, Jean-Baptiste.
2005.Phaeochromycins A-E, Anti-inflammatory Polyketides Isolated from the Soil
Actinomycete Streptomyces phaeochromogenes LL-P018, Journal of Natural
Products, 68(8), 1262-1265
10. Janso, Jeffrey E.; Bernan, Valerie S.; Greenstein, Michael; Bugni, Tim S.; Ireland,
Chris M. 2005. Penicillium dravuni, a new marine-derived species from an alga in
Fiji. Mycologia, 97(2), 444-453
11. F.V. Ritacco, E.I. Graziani, M.M. Summers, M.T. Zabriske, K. Yu, V.S. Bernan, G.T.
Carter, M. Greenstein. 2005 “Production of Novel Rapamycin Analogs by PrecursorDirected Biosynthesis”, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 71(4):1971-1976.
12.
F. Kong, M.P. Singh, G.T. Carter. 2005 “ Pseudopyronines A and B, -Pyrones
Produced by a Marine Pseudomonas sp. F92S91, and Evidence for the Conversion
of 4-Hydroxy- -pyrone to 3-Furanone”, J. Nat. Prod. 68(3):920-923.
13. P. Cai, F. Kong, M.E. Ruppen, G. Glasier, G.T. Carter. 2005. Hygrocins A and B,
naphthoquinone macrolides from Streptomyces hygroscopicus, J. Nat. Prod.
68(12):1736-1742.
14. R.D. Charan, G. Schlingmann, V.S. Bernan, X. Feng, G.T. Carter. 2006.
“Dioxyapyrrolomycin Biosynthesis in Streptomyces fumanus”, J. Nat. Prod. 69:29-33.
15. Toral-Barza, Lourdes; Zhang, Wei-Guo; Huang, Xinyi; McDonald, Leonard A.;
Salaski, Edward J.; Barbieri, Laurel R.; Ding, Wei-Dong; Krishnamurthy, Girija; Hu,
Yong Bo; Lucas, Judy; Bernan, Valerie S.; Cai, Ping; Levin, Jeremy I.; Mansour,
Tarek S.; Gibbons, James J.; Abraham, Robert T.; Yu, Ker. 2007. Discovery of
lactoquinomycin and related pyranonaphthoquinones as potent and allosteric
inhibitors of AKT/PKB: mechanistic involvement of AKT catalytic activation loop
cysteines, Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 6(11), 3028-3038
16. G. Schlingmann, T. Taniguchi, H. He, R. Bigelis, H.Y. Yang, F.E. Koehn, G.T. Carter,
N. Berova. 2007. “Reassessing the structure of pyranonigrin”, J. Nat. Prod. 70:11801187.
17. M.Y. Summers, F. Kong, X. Feng, M.M. Siegel, J.E. Janso, E.I. Graziani, G.T.
Carter. 2007. Septocylindrins A and B: Peptaibols produced by the terrestrial fungus
Septocylindrium sp. LL-Z1518, J. Nat. Prod. 70(3):391-396.
18. L. Di, E.H. Kerns, S.Q. Li, G.T. Carter. 2007. Comparison of cytochrome P450
inhibition assays for drug discovery using human liver microsomes with LC-MS,
rhCYP450 isozymes with fluorescence, and double cocktail with LC-MS,
International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 335(1-2):1-11.
19. B. Ruan, K. Pong, F. Jow, M. Bowlby, R.A. Crozier, D. Liu, S. Liang, Y. Chen, M.L.
Mercado, X. Feng, F. Bennett, D. von Schack, L. McDonald, M.M. Zaleska, A. Wood,
P.H. Reinhart, R.L. Magolda, J. Skotnicki, M.N. Pangalos, F.E. Koehn, G.T. Carter,
M. Abou-Gharbia, E.I. Graziani. 2008. Binding of rapamycin analogs to calcium
channels and FKBP52 contributes to their neuroprotective activities, Proceedings of
the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 105(1):33-38.
20. A.S. Ratnayake, B. Haltli, X. Feng, V.S. Bernan, M.P. Singh, H. He, G.T. Carter.
2008. Investigating the biosynthetic origin of the nitro group in pyrrolomycins, J.
Nat. Prod. 71(11):1923-1926.
21. J.B. McAlpine, A.H. Banskota, R.D. Charan, G. Schlingmann, E. Zazopoulos, M.
Piraee, J. Janso, V.S. Bernan, M. Aouidate, C.M. Farnet, X. Feng, Z. Zhao, G.T.
Carter. 2008. Biosynthesis of diazepinomicin/ECO-4601, a Micromonospora
secondary metabolite with a novel ring system, J. Nat. Prod. 71(9):1585-1590.
22. L. Di, E.H. Kerns, X.J. Ma, Y. Huang, G.T. Carter. 2008. Applications of high
throughput microsomal stability assay in drug discovery, Combinatorial Chemistry &
High Throughput Screening. 11(6): 469-476.
23. Di, Li; Kerns, Edward H.; Ma, Xuewen JoAnn; Huang, Youping; Carter, Guy T. 2008.
Applications of high throughput microsomal stability assay in drug discovery,
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 11(6), 469-476.
24. X. Feng, A.S. Ratnayake, R.D. Charan, J.E. Janso, V.S. Bernan, G. Schlingmann, H.
He, M. Tischler, F.E. Koehn, G.T. Carter. 2009. Probing natural product biosynthetic
pathways using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry,
Bioorg. & Med. Chem. 17:2154–2161.
25. H.L. Liu, H.Jiang, B.Haltli, K.Kulowski, E.Muszynska, X.Feng, M.Summers, M.Young,
E.I.Graziani, F.E.Koehn, G.T.Carter, M.He. 2009. Rapid Cloning and Heterologous
Expression of the Meridamycin Biosynthetic Gene Cluster Using a Versatile
Escherichia coli Streptomyces Artificial Chromosome Vector, pSBAC, J. Nat. Prod.
72, 389, (2009)
26. A.S. Ratnayake, J.E. Janso, X. Feng, G. Schlingmann, I. Goljer, G.T. Carter. 2009.
Evaluating Indole-Related Derivatives as Precursors in the Directed Biosynthesis of
Diazepinomicin Analogues, J. Nat. Prod. 72(3):496
27. J.E. Janso, G. T. Carter. 2010. Biosynthetic Potential of Phylogenetically Unique
Endophytic Actinomycetes from Tropical Plants, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 76: 43774386
28. J.N. Andexer, S.G. Kendrew, M. Nur-e-Alam, O. Lazos, T.A. Foster, A-S.
Zimmermann, T.D. Warnick, D. Suthar, N.J. Coates, F.E. Koehn, J.S. Skotnicki, G.
T. Carter, M.A. Gregory, C.J. Martin, S.J. Moss, P.F. Leadlay, B. Wilkinson, 2011,
Biosynthesis of the immunosuppressants FK506, FK520, and rapamycin involves a
previously undescribed family of enzymes acting on chorismate, PNAS, 108: 47764781
29. G. T. Carter, Natural Products and Pharma 2011: Strategic changes spur new
opportunities, Natural Products Reports, 2011: DOI: 1039/c1np00033k
BOOK CHAPTERS
1. Bernan, Valerie S. 2001. Metabolites of free-living, commensal, and symbiotic
benthic marine microorganisms. Editor(s): McClintock, James B.; Baker, Bill J.
Marine Chemical Ecology. 567-592. Publisher: CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL
2. G.T. Carter. 2008. Discovering Anti-infectives from the Sea. In Walsh, P.J.,
Smith, S.L., Fleming, L.E., Solo-Gabriele, H.M., & Gerwick, W.H. (eds.), Oceans
and Human Health: Risks and Remedies from the Seas, pp.453-468, Academic
Press, Boston
3. G.T. Carter. 2010. Natural Products in Drug Discovery. In Krogsgard-Larsen, P.,
Stromgaard, K., & Madsen, U. (eds.), Texbook of Drug Design and Discovery,
4th Edition, pp. 89-105, CRC Press, Boca Raton
4. E H. Kerns, L. Di, G. T. Carter, ADMET In Vitro Profiling: Utility and Applications
in Lead Discovery, in Burger’s Medicinal Chemistry, Drug Discovery and
Development, Vol. 7 (Published Online Sept. 15, 2010)
5. G. T. Carter, V. S. Bernan, F. E. Koehn, New Strategies for Natural Products
Lead Generation, in Burger’s Medicinal Chemistry, Drug Discovery and
Development, Vol. 7 (Published Online Sept. 15, 2010)