A&P Tutorial Exam 1 2014
Match the following:
A) Nucleus
B) Microtubules
C) Endoplasmic reticulum
D) Ribosomes
E) Nucleoli
1) Plays a role in the synthesis of steroid-based hormones and proteins.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 94; Table 3.3
2) The actual site of protein synthesis.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 94; Table 3.3
3) Hollow cytoskeletal elements that act as organizers for the cytoskeleton.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 95; Table 3.3
4) Dense spherical bodies in the nucleus that are the synthesis site for ribosomal RNA.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 96; Table 3.3
5) Houses DNA and RNA.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 95; Table 3.3
Answers: 1) C 2) D 3) B 4) E 5) A
Match the following systems to their functions:
A) Integumentary
B) Muscular
C) Skeletal
D) Nervous
6) Directly causes mechanical motion.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 6; Fig. 1.3c
7) Responds to environmental changes by transmitting electrical impulses.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 6; Fig. 1.3d
8) Provides support and levers for muscles to pull
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 6; Fig. 1.3b
9) Protects underlying organs from environmental damage and synthesizes vitamin D.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 6; Fig. 1.3a
Answers: 6) B 7) D 8) C 9) A
Match the following systems to their functions:
A) Lymphatic
B) Cardiovascular
C) Endocrine
D) Immune
10) Controls the body with chemical molecules called hormones.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 6; Fig. 1.3e
11) Delivers oxygen and nutrients to the tissues.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 6; Fig. 1.3f
12) Produces antibodies that attach to foreign substances.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 7; Fig. 1.3g
13) Removes and filters excess fluid from tissues.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 7; Fig. 1.3g
Answers: 10) C 11) B 12) D 13) A
Match the following examples of feedback mechanisms:
A) Positive feedback
B) Negative feedback
14) Used for changes in blood glucose levels
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 9-10
15) Used for changes in blood pressure
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 9-10
16) Used for blood clotting
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 10-11
17) Used for childbirth
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 10-11
Answers: 14) B 15) B 16) A 17) A
18) Histology would be best defined as a study of ________.
A) cells
B) tissues
C) cell chemistry
D) the gross structures of the body
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 219)
19) The study of large body structures, visible to the naked eye, such as the heart is called
________ anatomy.
A) microscopic
B) gross
C) developmental
D) systemic
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 2
20) An increased rate of breathing as a result of an increased buildup of carbon dioxide in
the bloodstream would be best described as an example of ________.
A) maintaining boundaries
B) excretion of metabolic waste
C) responsiveness
D) metabolism
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 6-7
Match the following chemical bonds to the correct description:
A) Nonpolar covalent bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Polar covalent bond
D) Ionic bond
21) A bond in which electrons are shared unequally.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 34; Fig. 2.9
22) A bond in which electrons are completely lost or gained by the atoms involved.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 32, 34; Fig. 2.9
23) A bond in which electrons are shared equally.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 34; Fig. 2.9
24) A type of bond important in tying different parts of the same molecule together into a
three-dimensional structure.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 35
Answers: 21) C 22) D 23) A 24) B
Match the following particles to the correct description:
A) Molecule
B) Cation
C) Neutron
D) Atom
25) Electrically charged particle due to loss of an electron.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 32
26) Neutral subatomic particle.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 25
27) Smallest particle of an element that retains its properties.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 25
28) Smallest particle of a compound that still retains its properties.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 28
Answers: 25) B 26) C 27) D 28) A
True/False Questions
29) The atomic weight is only an average of relative weights of an atom and its isotopes,
and it may vary from the weight of a specific isotope.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 27-28
30) It is the difference in the R group that makes each amino acid chemically unique.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 47
31) Chemical properties are determined primarily by neutrons.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 27
32) A charged particle is generally called an ion or electrolyte.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 32
33) Isotopes differ from each other only in the number of electrons the atom contains.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 27
Multiple Choice
34) Salts are always ________.
A) ionic compounds
B) single covalent compounds
C) double covalent compounds
D) hydrogen bonded
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 32
35) A chemical reaction in which bonds are broken is usually associated with ________.
A) the release of energy
B) the consumption of energy
C) a synthesis
D) forming a larger molecule
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 37
36) What level of protein synthesis is represented by the coiling of the protein chain
backbone into an alpha helix?
A) primary structure
B) secondary structure
C) tertiary structure
D) quaternary structure
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 48-49; Fig. 2.19
37) Carbohydrates and proteins are built up from their basic building blocks by the
________.
A) addition of a water molecule between each two units
B) addition of a carbon atom between each two units
C) removal of a water molecule between each two units
D) removal of a carbon atom between each two units
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 42-43
38) Choose the answer that best describes fibrous proteins.
A) rarely exhibit secondary structure
B) are very stable and insoluble in water
C) are usually called enzymes
D) are cellular catalysts
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 50
39) Select the most correct statement regarding nucleic acids.
A) Three forms exist: DNA, RNA, and tDNA.
B) DNA is a long, double-stranded molecule made up of A, T, G, and C bases.
C) RNA is a long, single-stranded molecule made up of the bases A, T, G, and C.
D) tDNA is considered a molecular slave of DNA during protein synthesis.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 53-55
40) Which of the following statements is false?
A) When acids and bases are mixed, they react with each other to form water and a salt.
B) The more hydrogen ions in a solution, the more acidic the solution.
C) When the hydrogen ion concentration decreases, the hydroxyl ion concentration also
decreases.
D) The pH of blood is slightly basic.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 40-41
T/F
41) Microtubules are hollow tubes made of subunits of the protein tubulin.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 88
42) Nitric oxide is known to be the first gas to act as a biological messenger.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 81
43) The speed of individual particle diffusion is influenced by temperature and particle
size, not by concentration.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 68
44) Concentration differences cause ionic imbalances that polarize the cell membrane,
and active transport processes.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 78-79
Match the following:
A) Transfer RNA
B) Synthetase enzymes
C) Ribosomal RNA
D) ATP
E) Messenger RNA
45) Forms part of the protein synthesis site in the cytoplasm.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 102
46) Act as "interpreter" molecules that recognize specific amino acids and nucleotide
base sequences.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 102
47) Attaches the correct amino acid to its transfer RNA.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 104
48) Provides the energy needed for synthesis reactions.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 104
49) Produced in the nucleus, this molecule specifies the exact sequence of amino acids of
the protein to be made.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 102
50) May be attached to the ER or scattered in the cytoplasm.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 102
Answers: 45) C 46) A 47) B 48) D 49) E 50) C
T/F
51) In osmosis, movement of water occurs toward the solution with the lower solute
concentration.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 69-70
52) The genetic information is coded in DNA by the regular alternation of sugar and
phosphate molecules.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 99
53) A process by which large particles may be taken into the protection of the body by
invaders like bacteria, or for disposing of old or dead cells is called phagocytosis.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 75
54) The orderly sequence of the phases of mitosis is prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and
telophase.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 100-1; Fig. 3.33
55) Diffusion movement always occurs from areas of greater to areas of lesser
concentration.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 68
Multiple Choice
56) Which of the following describes the plasma membrane?
A) a single-layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus of the cell
B) a double layer of protein enclosing the plasma
C) a phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell
D) a membrane composed of tiny shelves or cristae
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 63-64
57) Which of these is not a function of the plasma membrane?
A) It is selectively permeable but permits water and gases to cross.
B) It prevents potassium ions from leaking out and sodium ions from crossing into the
cell.
C) It acts as a site of cell-to-cell interaction and recognition.
D) It encloses the cell contents in such a way that water I the body is divided into
separate compartments.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 68
58) Which structures are fingerlike projections that greatly increase the absorbing surface
of cells?
A) stereocilia
B) microvilli
C) primary cilia
D) flagella
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 90
59) Which of the following statements is correct regarding net diffusion?
A) The rate is independent of temperature.
B) The greater the concentration gradient, the faster the rate.
C) Molecular weight of a substance does not affect the rate.
D) The lower the temperature, the faster the rate.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 68
60) Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein?
A) circulating antibody
B) molecular transport through the membrane
C) forms a lipid bilayer
D) oxygen transport
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 65-66; Fig. 3.4
Xtra Credit (1 point each)
1) Which of the following statements is false?
A) When acids and bases are mixed, they react with each other to form water and a salt.
B) The more hydrogen ions in a solution, the more acidic the solution.
C) When the hydrogen ion concentration decreases, the hydroxyl ion concentration also
decreases.
D) The pH of blood is slightly basic.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 40-41
2) Select which reactions will usually be irreversible regarding chemical equilibrium in
human bodies.
A) glucose to CO2 and H2O
B) ADP + Pi to make ATP
C) H2O + CO2 to make H2CO3
D) glucose molecules joined to make glycogen
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 37
3) You notice that you cannot read your book through a test tube of patient fluid held
against the print, making it so blurred as to be unreadable. There is no precipitant in the
bottom of the beaker, though it has been sitting for several days in a rack. What type of
liquid is this?
A) solution
B) suspension
C) colloid
D) mixture
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 30
4) Which type of cell junction acts as anchors and distributes tension through a cellular
sheet and reduces the chance of tearing when it is subjected to great mechanical stress?
A) gap junctions
B) desmosomes
C) connexons
D) tight junctions
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 66
5) Which transport process is the main mechanism for the movement of most
macromolecules by body cells?
A) phagocytosis
B) pinocytosis
C) receptor-mediated endocytosis
D) secondary active transport
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 76-77