Appendix S2. Average yield and harvested area of wheat, rice and maize, and population data per Land System.
Standard deviations are given in italic in between brackets. pp = pigs & poultry, bgs = bovines, goats & sheep, ls
= livestock.
Land System
Yield (tons/ha/harvest)
Whea
t
Rice
Area (% of grid cell)
Maize
Wheat
Rice
Population
(nr/km2)
(%)
Maize
Cropland extensive, few livestock
1.6
(0.7)
2.0
(1.3)
1.6
(1.0)
3.3
(8.1)
2.7
(9.6)
5.5
(7.8)
101 (170)
2.0
Cropland extensive, bgs
1.6
(0.6)
1.5
(1.0)
1.4
(1.0)
6.9
(9.5)
9.4
(18.2)
4.7
(6.6)
246 (245)
3.7
Cropland extensive, pp
1.2
(0.8)
2.5
(1.3)
1.9
(1.3)
5.1
(9.4)
10.6
(17.8)
8.5
(11.9)
151 (182)
0.5
Cropland medium intensive, few
livestock
1.9
(0.7)
3.8
(1.6)
3.8
(2.2)
13.7
(11.6)
2.2
(9.9)
2.8
(6.2)
57 (187)
2.3
Cropland medium intensive, bgs
1.9
(0.9)
2.8
(1.1)
1.9
(1.7)
17.4
(17.3)
24.0
(28.7)
3.2
(6.1)
415 (387)
4.2
Cropland medium intensive, pp
1.9
(1.0)
3.6
(1.8)
3.5
(1.9)
7.6
(9.4)
11.2
(20.5)
8.3
(11.7)
146 (217)
1.1
Cropland intensive, few livestock
3.6
(1.6)
5.2
(2.0)
6.5
(2.7)
11.2
(11.3)
3.1
(11.8)
9.3
(12.9)
84 (218)
2.1
Cropland intensive, bgs
3.3
(1.8)
4.6
(2.0)
3.3
(2.3)
20.6
(20.7)
15.5
(23.4)
6.3
(9.9)
435 (365)
5.5
Cropland intensive, pp
3.8
(1.7)
6.2
(1.9)
5.9
(2.7)
8.7
(9.8)
12.1
(22.7)
13.7
(15.1)
258 (388)
3.5
Mosaic cropland & grassland, bgs
2.3
(1.7)
2.9
(2.2)
2.8
(2.4)
5.3
(7.1)
4.0
(9.9)
2.9
(5.1)
167 (300)
3.1
Mosaic cropland & grassland, pp
2.7
(1.6)
5.0
(2.1)
4.1
(2.2)
4.6
(6.2)
9.8
(15.5)
4.6
(6.2)
225 (331)
3.5
Mosaic cropland (extensive) &
grassland, few livestock
1.6
(0.9)
1.9
(1.3)
1.6
(1.3)
1.8
(4.6)
0.7
(2.9)
3.1
(5.8)
58 (136)
1.7
Mosaic cropland (med. intensive) &
grassland, few livestock
1.8
(0.8)
4.1
(2.0)
4.1
(2.2)
8.0
(7.9)
1.0
(5.2)
1.6
(4.0)
47 (176)
1.5
Mosaic cropland (intensive) &
grassland, few livestock
3.2
(1.5)
5.2
(2.3)
6.1
(2.6)
5.1
(6.2)
2.2
(9.5)
3.1
(4.8)
78 (246)
1.1
Mosaic cropland & forest, pp
2.5
(1.6)
4.1
(1.8)
3.2
(1.9)
1.7
(3.6)
8.4
(12.4)
4.2
(7.0)
166 (260)
1.9
Mosaic cropland (extensive) & open
forest, few livestock
1.6
(1.1)
2.1
(1.3)
1.4
(0.7)
0.5
(2.1)
1.8
(4.5)
3.9
(5.5)
63 (131)
1.6
Mosaic cropland (med. intensive) &
forest, few livestock
1.9
(0.9)
3.2
(1.5)
2.8
(1.5)
3.0
(4.9)
3.2
(7.0)
2.5
(5.2)
65 (192)
0.9
Mosaic cropland (intensive) & forest,
few livestock
3.4
(1.6)
4.8
(1.7)
5.3
(2.4)
2.6
(4.2)
2.4
(7.3)
2.4
(4.0)
75 (189)
0.5
Dense forest
1.8
(1.3)
2.5
(1.4)
2.4
(1.9)
0.0
(0.3)
0.2
(1.1)
0.1
(0.6)
10 (43)
1.6
2.2
(1.4)
2.7
(1.7)
2.7
(2.1)
0.1
(0.7)
0.3
(1.5)
0.2
(1.0)
17 (106)
3.8
2.3
(1.2)
4.9
(1.7)
3.1
(1.9)
0.3
(1.0)
3.4
(5.4)
0.8
(1.7)
119 (178)
2.1
2.2
(1.5)
2.5
(1.8)
2.3
(1.9)
0.2
(0.9)
0.4
(2.1)
0.6
(1.6)
24 (97)
0.0
2.4
(1.7)
3.4
(2.0)
3.5
(3.2)
0.4
(1.8)
0.0
(0.6)
0.1
(0.7)
9 (76)
4.6
Natural grassland
2.8
(1.7)
3.6
(2.1)
4.1
(3.1)
0.0
(0.7)
0.0
(1.4)
0.0
(0.6)
5 (57)
0.9
Grassland, few livestock
2.2
(1.5)
2.7
(1.9)
2.5
(2.3)
0.4
(1.7)
0.3
(2.2)
0.5
(1.5)
26 (122)
6.0
Grassland, bgs
2.4
(1.9)
2.8
(2.2)
3.0
(2.8)
0.8
(2.3)
0.6
(3.8)
0.9
(2.0)
58 (166)
1.5
Bare
3.1
(1.8)
3.9
(1.9)
5.2
(3.3)
0.1
(0.9)
0.0
(0.4)
0.0
(0.3)
3 (58)
0.3
Bare, few livestock
2.5
(1.7)
3.4
(2.1)
3.5
(2.8)
0.6
(3.2)
0.1
(1.0)
0.1
(0.7)
14 (67)
2.7
Peri-urban & villages
3.3
(1.9)
4.3
(2.2)
4.4
(2.7)
6.8
(11.1)
5.0
(14.8)
4.4
(8.5)
360 (791)
22.1
Urban
3.6
(2.0)
4.3
(2.1)
4.9
(2.9)
3.7
(7.9)
3.2
(11.2)
2.3
(6.0)
1329
(2720)
13.9
Open forest, few livestock
Open forest, pp
Mosaic grassland & forest
Mosaic grassland & bare