Syllabus for Math 115 Textbook: Intermediate Algebra: Connecting Concepts Through Applications by Clark & Anfinson. Students have the option of purchasing the loose-leaf format bundled with Enhanced WebAssign* Printed Card Access, or purchasing Enhanced WebAssign Instant Access code with eBook. The electronic option is the cheaper of the two. Instructors are encouraged to use WebAssign for homework. Students tend to complete the homework if it is counted for part (more than 5%) of their final grade. Although a graphing calculator is not mandated for this course, students own them. Wherever possible, instructors may help students to become familiar with, and gain confidence from using, the graphing calculator. The Department approves the use of a TI 83 or 84. The authors of the textbook offer suggestions for the use of calculators in the course. Three in-class exams, equally spaced, throughout the semester, are recommended. Time may be set aside for review sessions. Instructors must pay keen attention to the pacing of the course. The textbook has application problems. Instructors should not make these the focus any lesson; however, if he/she assesses that students have mastered the skills necessary to grapple with these problems, then application problems should be covered. Students who move on to Math 131 from Math 115 could benefit from seeing some of the business applications. Instructors should ensure that students understand the core concepts, before class time is spent covering too many problems with high levels of difficulty. The idea is quality over quantity and difficulty. Time spent understanding this example 2 2 x 2 is worth a lot when students need to take a derivative in a calculus x2 3 18m 2 n 2 may cause students in the moment is not course in the future. The trouble an example like 4 5 9m n as meaningful as the previous example. Each section of the textbook has a “Teaching Tip;” instructors should consider them. Where appropriate, instructors should offer both algebraic and geometric meaning. For example, students should view solving a 2 x 2 system of linear equations as finding the point where the two lines intersect. * Enhanced WebAssign is an online learning program that includes problems from the text, tutorial videos, and ebook. Students receive immediate feedback on their work and have the option to try different versions of the same problem for additional practice. Tutorial resources such as Master It and Watch It provide step by step guidance to help students solve problems. Chat About It gives students 300 minutes of 24/7 tutorial assistance with their homework. 1 Updated 6/25/14 TOPIC OBJECTIVES Graphing & Slope Section 1.3 Graph equations by plotting points Calculate the slope of a line given two points Interpret meaning of slope as a rate of change Find the midpoint between two points Distance between two points Intercepts & Graphing Section 1.4 Finding equations of lines Section 1.5 Identify general form of a line Find and interpret intercepts of a linear equation Graph lines using the intercepts Identify and graph horizontal/vertical lines Find the equation of a line using slopeintercept form Find the equation of a line using point-slope form Identify (sketch, write equation) parallel and perpendicular lines (know relationship between slopes and write equations based on the relationship). Functions & Function Notation Section 1.7 Solving Systems of Equations & Inequalities Sections 2.1 – 2.4 Rules for Exponents Section 3.1 Identify a function Apply the vertical line test Use function notation Identify domain and range of linear functions Identify consistent and inconsistent systems of equations Identify dependent lines Explain the meaning of a solution of a system of equations in an application Solve a system of equations using the substitution method Solve a system of equations using the elimination method Solve applications using systems of equations Solve linear inequalities algebraically Meaning of exponent Use the rules for exponents to simplify expressions Understand and use negative exponents Defer discussion on fractional exponents and radicals until study of radicals later in the semester. 2 NOTES and SUGGESTIONS The textbook does not cover finding midpoints or distance between two points in this section. Instructors may use examples from a supplemental source. It is helpful for students to see the derivation of the distance formula, using Pythagorean theorem. When the point-slope formula is introduced, help students to make the connection with the formula for slope Students typically have a hard time with lines that go through the origin, for example, 𝑦 = 2𝑥. Include function evaluation here. For example, given 𝑓(𝑥), find 𝑓(7). Students should know the geometric meaning of these systems. Before giving students rules for exponents, show why, for example, xm xmn xn Discuss common errors such as 𝑥 −1 = −𝑥 Avoid saying something like, “to make the exponent positive, move it to the numerator or denominator.” Show students why Updated 6/25/14 1 xn n x Combining Polynomials Section 3.2 Factoring Polynomials Section 3.4-3.5 Quadratic Functions/Polynomial functions Sections 4.1, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6 Rational Functions Polynomial Division Add/Subtract Rational Exp. Sections 7.1 – 7.4 Solving Rational Equations Sections 7.5 Perform arithmetic operations with polynomials Combine functions (+/-/x) Combine functions within an application Factor out GCF (include binomial GCF) Factor by grouping Factor quadratics using grouping Factor perfect square trinomials Factor difference of two squares Factor difference and sum of cubes Identify a quadratic function; determine whether it has a maximum or minimum point. Identify vertex and tell when graph is increasing or decreasing by reading a quadratic graph. Omit discussion about vertex form of a quadratic. Solve a quadratic equation using: o Factoring o Square root property o Completing the square Quadratic Formula Sketch a quadratic function by finding the roots and plotting other points Rational Functions (omit discussion on variation) Identify a rational function Find the domain of a rational function Simplify rational expressions using factoring x/÷ of Rational functions Division by a monomial Long division (Omit synthetic division) Add rational expressions (with like/unlike denominators) Subtract rational expression (with like/unlike denominators) Simplify Complex Fractions Solve rational equations 3 Discuss common errors such as (𝑎 + 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 Students should be able to write and simplify an expression for one function composed with another. For example, 𝑓(𝑥 + 1). They may even see 𝑓(𝑎 + ℎ) or 𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) to prepare them for the difference quotient and further, the definition of the derivative. Students should work with prime polynomials, and understand that not all polynomials are factorable using real, rational numbers. -Use completing the square to derive the Quadratic formula. -Because simplifying radicals shows up later, students may use the calculator to evaluate radicals, and round answers. -Students should also understand that the solutions (roots, zeroes) to these equations are the x-intercepts. Therefore no real solutions imply no x-intercepts. Discuss common errors such 𝑎+1 𝑎 𝑎−1 as = , and = −1 𝑏+1 𝑏 𝑎 Students should learn how to simplify complex fractions— the kind that resembles the difference-quotient formula that they will need for calculus. Students should know when a “solution” is outside of the domain of the expressions in the equation. This is another opportunity for students to solve literal equations (i.e., Updated 6/25/14 Rational Exponents/Radical Notation (Section 3.1) Radical Functions Sections 8.1-8.2 Multiply/Divide radical expressions 8.3 Solving Radical Equations 8.4 Parabolas and Circles 9.1 Use the rules for exponents to simplify expressions with rational/fractional exponents Understand the relationship between rational exponents and radical expressions. Write expressions with rational exponents in radical notation/write expressions written in radical notation with rational exponents Find the domain of radical functions Sketch the graph of basic radical functions Simplify radical expressions (according to the conditions for when a radical is simplified) Add and subtract radical expressions (combine like terms) Multiply and divide radical expressions Rationalize denominators Use conjugates to rational denominators Simplify solutions that result from using the quadratic formula Solve radical equations involving one or more square roots Solve radical equations involving higher roots Circles and Parabolas 4 where one variable is solved for in terms of other variables). This is needed to find inverse functions in precalc. Examples should also include negative exponents. Omit discussion on higher order radicals here. Updated 6/25/14