Chapter 13 & 14 Genetic Engineering & the Human Genome Test
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Selective breeding produces
a. more offspring.
c. desired traits in offspring.
b. fewer offspring.
d. transgenic organisms.
2. The crossing of buffalo and cattle to produce beefalo is an example of
a. inbreeding.
c. genetic engineering.
b. hybridization.
d. transformation.
3. Breeders maintain the desired traits of an organism by
a. inbreeding.
c. hybridization.
b. using restriction enzymes.
d. inducing mutations.
4. Analyzing DNA by gel electrophoresis allows researchers to
a. identify similarities and differences in the genomes of different kinds of organisms.
b. determine whether a particular allele of a gene is dominant or recessive.
c. compare the phenotypes of different organisms.
d. cut DNA with restriction enzymes.
5. Genetic engineering involves
a. reading a DNA sequence.
b. editing a DNA sequence.
c. reinserting DNA into living organisms.
d. all of the above
6. What has been an advantage of producing transgenic plants?
a. improving many people’s diets
b. using more pesticides
c. producing clones
d. studying human genes
7. Which of the following is a clone?
a. the adult female sheep whose DNA was used to produce Dolly
b. a transgenic mouse
c. genetically identical bacteria produced from a single cell
d. the tobacco plant with the luciferase gene
8. What kind of cell or cells were used to make Dolly?
a. body cell only
c. egg cell and sperm cell
b. egg cell only
d. body cell and egg cell
9. Which of the following have been produced by selective breeding?
a. horse breeds
c. dog breeds
b. cat breeds
d. all of the above
10. Which of the following is most likely to bring together two recessive alleles for a genetic defect?
a. inbreeding
c. genetic engineering
b. hybridization
d. transformation
11. Two dissimilar individuals are crossed in the process of
a. inbreeding.
c. transformation.
b. hybridization.
d. genetic engineering.
12. The process of making changes in the DNA code of living organisms is called
a. selective breeding.
c. inbreeding.
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b. genetic engineering.
d. hybridization.
Knowing the sequence of an organism’s DNA allows researchers to
a. clone the organism.
c. study specific genes.
b. mutate the DNA.
d. extract the DNA.
Which of the following techniques do scientists use to make transgenic organisms?
a. hybridization
c. inducing mutations
b. inbreeding
d. genetic engineering
Genes located on X or Y chromosomes are called _______________________.
a. sex organs
c. a pedigree
b. autosomes
d. sex-linked
Nondisjunction results in a(an) _______________________.
a. inactivated chromosome
c. normal number of genes
b. abnormal number of chromosomes
d. normal number of chromosomes
What happens when nondisjunction occurs?
a. Chromosomes fail to separate
b. Chromosomes separate normally
c. Sections of chromosomes are deleted
d. Sections of chromosomes become inverted
How is DNA fingerprinting commonly used?
a. To convict criminals or overturn convictions
b. To sequence all human DNA
c. To rapidly sequence DNA with computers
d. To identify and locate human genes
DNA samples for human DNA fingerprinting can be obtained from __________________.
a. sperm
c. hair with attached tissue
b. blood
d. all of the above
Which of the following are shown in a karyotype?
a. homologous chromosomes
c. autosomes
b. sex chromosomes
d. all of the above
What is the approximate probability that a human offspring will be female?
a. 10 percent
c. 50 percent
b. 25 percent
d. 75 percent
What is the probability that a human sperm cell will carry an X chromosome?
a. 0 percent
c. 50 percent
b. 25 percent
d. 100 percent
Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because
a. fathers pass the allele for colorblindness to their sons only.
b. the allele for colorblindness is located on the Y chromosome.
c. the allele for colorblindness is recessive and located on the X chromosome.
d. males who are colorblind have two copies of the allele for colorblindness.
Because the X chromosome contains genes that are vital for normal development, no baby has been born
a. with one X chromosome.
c. without an X chromosome.
b. with three X chromosomes.
d. with four X chromosomes.
Which of the following combinations of sex chromosomes represents a female?
a. XY
c. XXXY
b. XXY
d. XX
The process of DNA fingerprinting is based on the fact that
a. the most important genes are different among most people.
b. no two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA.
c. most genes are dominant.
d. most people have DNA that contains repeats.
27. Which of the following is the first step in gene therapy?
a. splicing the normal gene to viral DNA
b. allowing recombinant viruses to infect human cells
c. using restriction enzymes to cut out the normal gene from DNA
d. identifying the faulty gene that causes the disease
Chapter 13 & 14 Genetic Engineering & the Human Genome Test
Answer Section
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