Rocks and Catastrophic Events Vocabulary
Sedimentary
Sandstone
Limestone
Metamorphic
Slate
Gneiss
Igneous rock
Granite
Pumice
Obsidian
Lightening
Wildfire factors
Hurricane
Tropical storm
Eye
Drought
Drought severity
Volcano
Volcano hazards
Tornado
Waterspout
Tsunami
Tsunami impacts
Earthquake
Seismic wave
Flood
Flood causes
Rocks that often contain fossils and are made by sediment pressing
together over time
Sedimentary rock that appears in layers in canyons
Sedimentary rock that is formed underground from dripping water.
Common in gravel
Rock that does not melt, is formed from high temperatures and
pressure, and has crystals
Metamorphic rock that is used in some shingles and laboratory
tables and splits along layers
Metamorphic rock that looks like flowing layers usually white and
gray
Molten rock that has solidified
Igneous rock that is gray and has formed by slow cooling magma
on the sides of hills
Igneous rock that forms when magma lands in water and cools
rapidly. Floats due to its many holes
Igneous rock often called black glass. Forms when magma cools
slowly and doesn’t reach the crust for many years.
Causes one out of every five wildfires
Drought, wind, high temperature, low humidity
When winds of a tropical storm reach 74 mph or more
A storm over the ocean that is under 74 mph
The center of a hurricane that the winds blow around
Unusually long period of dry weather that lasts long enough to
cause water supply shortage
Depends on degree of moisture deficiency, duration, and size of
affected areas.
Vent in the earth which allows molten rock to escape to the
surface
Searing hot, poisonous gases, lava flows, pyroclastic flows,
landslides, mudflows, earthquakes, explosions, tsunamis
Violently rotating column of air extending from a thunderstorm to
the ground
Weak tornado that forms over water
Ocean waves produced by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions,
meteorite impact, or underwater landslides
Drowning, flooding, contamination of drinking water, loss of
habitat, fires from broken gas lines
Vibration in the earth’s surface after a release of energy in the
crust
Created when the crust breaks
Overflowing of water onto land that is normally dry
Intense or long term precipitation, hurricanes, melting snow