Supplementary Material for Online Publication Table S1. Search Strategy for systematic reviews Databases searched Step Search terms PubMed 1 "Cardiovascular diseases"[Mesh] OR “Cardiovascular disease*” OR “CVD”[Title/Abstract] 2 “Coronary disease"[Mesh] OR “Coronary disease*” OR “Coronary heart disease*” OR “CHD”[Title/Abstract] 3 "Cerebrovascular disorders"[Mesh] OR “Cerebrovascular disorder*[Title/Abstract]” 4 “Myocardial infarction"[Mesh] OR “Myocardial infarction” OR “MI”[Title/Abstract] 5 “Stroke"[Mesh] OR “Stroke”[Title/Abstract] 6 #1 OR #2 OR #3 OR #4 OR #5 7 "Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors"[Mesh] OR "Anticholesteremic agents"[Mesh] OR "Hypolipidemic agents"[Mesh] 8 “Statin*”[Title/Abstract]OR “Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor*”[Title/Abstract] OR “Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor*”[Title/Abstract] OR “HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor*”[Title/Abstract] OR “Anticholesteremic agent*”[Title/Abstract]) OR “Hypolipidemic agent*”[Title/Abstract] OR “Antilipemic agent*”[Title/Abstract] 9 "Atorvastatin"[Supplementary Concept]) OR “Atorvastatin” OR “Lipitor”[Title/Abstract] 10 "Fluvastatin"[Supplementary Concept] OR “Fluvastatin” OR “Lescol”[Title/Abstract] 11 "Lovastatin"[Mesh] OR “Lovastatin” OR “Mevacor”[Title/Abstract] 12 "Pravastatin"[Mesh]) OR “Pravastatin” OR “Pravachol”[Title/Abstract] 13 "Rosuvastatin"[Supplementary Concept] OR “Rosuvastatin” OR “Crestor”[Title/Abstract] 14 “Simvastatin”[Mesh] OR “Zocor”[Title/Abstract] OR "Simvastatin" 15 #7 OR #8 OR #9 OR #10 OR #11 OR #12 OR #13 OR #14 16 #6 AND #15 17 #16 AND systematic [sb] AND Filters: Past 5 years; Humans; English Table S2. Search Strategy for randomized controlled trials Databases searched Step Search terms PubMed 1 "Cardiovascular diseases"[Mesh] OR “Cardiovascular disease*” OR “CVD”[Title/Abstract] 2 “Coronary disease"[Mesh] OR “Coronary disease*” OR “Coronary heart disease*” OR “CHD”[Title/Abstract] 3 "Cerebrovascular disorders"[Mesh] OR “Cerebrovascular disorder*”[Title/Abstract] 4 “Myocardial infarction"[Mesh] OR “Myocardial infarction” OR “MI”[Title/Abstract] 5 “Stroke"[Mesh] OR “Stroke”[Title/Abstract] 6 #1 OR #2 OR #3 OR #4 OR #5 7 "Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors"[Mesh] OR "Anticholesteremic agents"[Mesh] OR "Hypolipidemic agents"[Mesh] 8 “Statin*”[Title/Abstract]OR “Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor*”[Title/Abstract] OR “Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor*”[Title/Abstract] OR “HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor*”[Title/Abstract] OR “Anticholesteremic agent*”[Title/Abstract]) OR “Hypolipidemic agent*”[Title/Abstract] OR “Antilipemic agent*”[Title/Abstract] 9 "Atorvastatin"[Supplementary Concept]) OR “Atorvastatin” OR “Lipitor”[Title/Abstract] 10 "Fluvastatin"[Supplementary Concept] OR “Fluvastatin” OR “Lescol”[Title/Abstract] 11 "Lovastatin"[Mesh] OR “Lovastatin” OR “Mevacor”[Title/Abstract] 12 "Pravastatin"[Mesh]) OR “Pravastatin” OR “Pravachol”[Title/Abstract] 13 "Rosuvastatin"[Supplementary Concept] OR “Rosuvastatin” OR “Crestor”[Title/Abstract] 14 “Simvastatin”[Mesh] OR "Simvastatin" OR “Zocor”[Title/Abstract] 15 #7 OR #8 OR #9 OR #10 OR #11 OR #12 OR #13 OR #14 16 #6 AND #15 17 Randomized controlled trial[Publication Type] 18 Controlled clinical trial[Publication Type] 19 Randomized[Title/Abstract] 20 Randomly[Title/Abstract] 21 Clinical Trials as Topic[Mesh:noexp] 22 Trial[Title] 23 #17 OR #18 Or #19 OR #20 OR #21 OR #22 24 #16 AND #23 25 "Animals"[Mesh] NOT "Humans"[Mesh] 26 #24 NOT #25 27 #26 Filters: Publication date from 2012/01/01 to 2014/03/27; English