Chem 1 Chapter 8-9 review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. What information does a molecular formula provide? a. the number and kind of atoms that are c. information about a molecule’s structure bonded by the transfer of electrons b. the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms d. the number and kind of atoms present in a that are bonded by the transfer of electrons molecule ____ 2. What is shown by the structural formula of a molecule or polyatomic ion? a. the arrangement of bonded atoms c. the number of metallic bonds b. the number of ionic bonds d. the shapes of molecular orbitals ____ 3. Why do atoms share electrons in covalent bonds? a. to become ions and attract each other c. to become more polar b. to attain a noble-gas electron d. to increase their atomic numbers configuration ____ 4. Which of the following elements can form diatomic molecules held together by triple covalent bonds? a. carbon c. fluorine b. oxygen d. nitrogen ____ 5. Which noble gas has the same electron configuration as the oxygen in a water molecule? a. helium c. argon b. neon d. xenon ____ 6. Which elements can form diatomic molecules joined by a single covalent bond? a. hydrogen only c. halogens and members of the oxygen group only b. halogens only d. hydrogen and the halogens only ____ 7. What is the representative unit in a molecular compound? a. a molecule c. a formula unit b. an ion d. shared electrons ____ 8. Which molecule has a single covalent bond? a. CO b. Cl ____ c. CO d. N 9. Which of the following bonds is the least reactive? a. C—C c. O—H b. H—H d. H—Cl ____ 10. How many valid electron dot formulas—having the same number of electron pairs for a molecule or ion—can be written when a resonance structure occurs? a. 0 c. 2 only b. 1 only d. 2 or more ____ 11. A resonance structure, like the one above, represents a. a difference in energy. c. a difference in bond length, one shorter than the other. b. electron pairs resonating back and forth d. a hybrid of the extremes represented by between the extremes of the two the resonance forms. structures. ____ 12. Molecular orbital theory is based upon which of the following models of the atom? a. classical mechanical model c. quantum mechanical model b. Bohr model d. Democritus’s model ____ 13. A pair of molecular orbitals is formed by the a. splitting of a single atomic orbital. b. reproduction of a single atomic orbital. c. overlap of two atomic orbitals from the same atom. d. overlap of two atomic orbitals from different atoms. ____ 14. The side-by-side overlap of p orbitals produces what kind of bond? a. alpha bond c. pi bond b. beta bond d. sigma bond ____ 15. Where are the electrons most probably located in a molecular bonding orbital? a. anywhere in the orbital c. in stationary positions between the two atomic nuclei b. between the two atomic nuclei d. in circular orbits around each nucleus ____ 16. Sigma bonds are formed as a result of the overlapping of which type(s) of atomic orbital(s)? a. s only c. d only b. p only d. s and p ____ 17. Which of the following bond types is normally the weakest? a. sigma bond formed by the overlap of two c. sigma bond formed by the overlap of one s s orbitals and one p orbital b. sigma bond formed by the overlap of two d. pi bond formed by the overlap of two p p orbitals orbitals ____ 18. According to VSEPR theory, molecules adjust their shapes to keep which of the following as far apart as possible? a. pairs of valence electrons c. mobile electrons b. inner shell electrons d. the electrons closest to the nuclei ____ 19. What causes water molecules to have a bent shape, according to VSEPR theory? a. repulsive forces between unshared pairs of c. ionic attraction and repulsion electrons b. interaction between the fixed orbitals of d. the unusual location of the free electrons the unshared pairs of oxygen ____ 20. Which of the following theories provides information concerning both molecular shape and molecular bonding? a. molecular orbital theory b. VSEPR theory c. orbital hybridization theory d. Bohr atomic theory ____ 21. Experimental evidence suggests that the H—C—H bond angles in ethene, C H , are ____. a. 90 c. 120 b. 109.5 d. 180 ____ 22. What type of hybrid orbital exists in the methane molecule? a. sp c. sp b. sp d. sp d ____ 23. Which of the following atoms acquires the most negative charge in a covalent bond with hydrogen? a. C c. O b. Na d. S ____ 24. Which of the following covalent bonds is the most polar? a. H—F c. H—H b. H—C d. H—N ____ 25. Which of the forces of molecular attraction is the weakest? a. dipole interaction c. hydrogen bond b. dispersion d. single covalent bond ____ 26. What causes dipole interactions? a. sharing of electron pairs b. attraction between polar molecules c. bonding of a covalently bonded hydrogen to an unshared electron pair d. attraction between ions ____ 27. What are the weakest attractions between molecules? a. ionic forces c. covalent forces b. Van der Waals forces d. hydrogen forces ____ 28. What causes hydrogen bonding? a. attraction between ions b. motion of electrons c. sharing of electron pairs d. bonding of a covalently bonded hydrogen atom with an unshared electron pair ____ 29. Which type of solid has the highest melting point? a. ionic solid c. metal b. network solid d. nonmetallic solid ____ 30. What type of ions have names ending in -ide? a. only cations c. only metal ions b. only anions d. only gaseous ions ____ 31. In which of the following are the symbol and name for the ion given correctly? a. Fe : ferrous ion; Fe : ferric ion c. Co : cobalt(II) ion; Co : cobaltous ion b. Sn : stannic ion; Sn : stannous ion d. Pb : lead ion; Pb : lead(IV) ion ____ 32. Which of the following determines that an element is a metal? a. the magnitude of its charge c. when it is a Group A element b. the molecules that it forms d. whether it loses valence electrons ____ 33. What is the Stock name for chromic ion? a. chromium(I) ion b. chromium(II) ion c. chromium(III) ion d. chromium(IV) ion ____ 34. In which of the following are the symbol and name for both of the ions given correctly? a. NH : ammonia; H : hydride c. OH : hydroxide; O : oxide b. C H O : acetate; C O : oxalite d. PO : phosphate; PO : phosphite ____ 35. Which of the following correctly provides the names and formulas of polyatomic ions? a. carbonate: HCO ; bicarbonate: CO c. sulfite: S ; sulfate: SO b. nitrite: NO ; nitrate: NO d. chromate: CrO ; dichromate: Cr O ____ 36. An -ate or -ite at the end of a compound name usually indicates that the compound contains a. fewer electrons than protons. c. only two elements. b. neutral molecules. d. a polyatomic anion. ____ 37. Systematic names are preferred over common names because common names a. do not tell you the actual charge of the ion. c. were assigned by the scientist who discovered the compound. b. are derived from the method used to d. are not very descriptive. obtain the compound. ____ 38. How are chemical formulas of binary ionic compounds generally written? a. cation on left, anion on right c. Roman numeral first, then anion, then cation b. anion on left, cation on right d. subscripts first, then ions ____ 39. Which of the following is true about the composition of ionic compounds? a. They are composed of anions and cations. c. They are composed of cations only. b. They are composed of anions only. d. They are formed from two or more nonmetallic elements. ____ 40. Which of the following formulas represents an ionic compound? a. CS c. N O b. BaI d. PCl ____ 41. In which of the following is the name and formula given correctly? a. sodium oxide, NaO c. cobaltous chloride, CoCl b. barium nitride, BaN d. stannic fluoride, SnF ____ 42. Which of the following compounds contains the lead(II) ion? a. PbO c. Pb2O b. PbCl4 d. Pb2S ____ 43. Which set of chemical name and chemical formula for the same compound is correct? a. iron(II) oxide, Fe O c. tin(IV) bromide, SnBr b. aluminum fluorate, AlF d. potassium chloride, K Cl ____ 44. What is the correct formula for potassium sulfite? a. KHSO b. KHSO c. K SO d. K SO ____ 45. Which set of chemical name and chemical formula for the same compound is correct? a. ammonium sulfite, (NH ) S c. lithium carbonate, LiCO b. iron(III) phosphate, FePO d. magnesium dichromate, MgCrO ____ 46. What type of compound is CuSO ? a. monotomic ionic b. polyatomic covalent c. polyatomic ionic d. binary molecular ____ 47. Which polyatomic ion forms a neutral compound when combined with a group 1A monatomic ion in a 1:1 ratio? a. ammonium c. nitrate b. carbonate d. phosphate ____ 48. What is the ending for the names of all binary compounds, both ionic and molecular? a. -ide c. -ade b. -ite d. -ate ____ 49. Which of the following is a binary molecular compound? a. BeHCO c. AgI b. PCl d. MgS ____ 50. Which of the following formulas represents a molecular compound? a. ZnO c. SO b. Xe d. BeF ____ 51. What is the formula for sulfurous acid? a. H SO b. H SO c. H SO d. H S ____ 52. Which of the following are produced when a base is dissolved in water? a. hydronium ions c. hydrogen ions b. hydroxide ions d. ammonium ions ____ 53. How are bases named? a. like monatomic elements b. like polyatomic ions c. like ionic compounds d. like molecular compounds ____ 54. Select the correct formula for sulfur hexafluoride. a. S F c. F S b. F SO d. SF ____ 55. What is the correct name for the compound CoCl ? a. cobalt(I) chlorate c. cobalt(II) chlorate b. cobalt(I) chloride d. cobalt(II) chloride ____ 56. Suppose you encounter a chemical formula with H as the cation. What do you know about this compound immediately? a. It is a polyatomic ionic compound. c. It is a base. b. It is an acid. d. It has a 1 charge. ____ 57. What is the correct formula for calcium dihydrogen phosphate? a. CaH PO c. Ca(H PO ) b. Ca H PO d. Ca(H HPO ) ____ 58. What does an -ite or -ate ending in a polyatomic ion mean? a. Oxygen is in the formula. c. Nitrogen is in the formula. b. Sulfur is in the formula. d. Bromine is in the formula. ____ 59. Which of the following is the correct name for N O ? a. nitrous oxide c. nitrogen dioxide b. dinitrogen pentoxide d. nitrate oxide ____ 60. What is the correct name for Sn (PO ) ? a. tritin diphosphate b. tin(II) phosphate c. tin(III) phosphate d. tin(IV) phosphate Chem 1 Chapter 8-9 review Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: OBJ: STA: 2. ANS: OBJ: STA: 3. ANS: OBJ: STA: 4. ANS: OBJ: STA: 5. ANS: OBJ: STA: 6. ANS: OBJ: STA: 7. ANS: OBJ: STA: 8. ANS: OBJ: STA: 9. ANS: OBJ: STA: 10. ANS: OBJ: BLM: 11. ANS: OBJ: BLM: 12. ANS: OBJ: STA: 13. ANS: OBJ: STA: 14. ANS: OBJ: STA: 15. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 222 8.1.1 Identify the information a molecular formula provides. C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: comprehension A PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 227 8.2.1 Explain the result of electron sharing in covalent bonds. C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: comprehension B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 226 8.2.1 Explain the result of electron sharing in covalent bonds. C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: comprehension D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 230 8.2.1 Explain the result of electron sharing in covalent bonds. C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: comprehension B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 227 8.2.1 Explain the result of electron sharing in covalent bonds. C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: application D PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: p. 226 | p. 227 8.2.1 Explain the result of electron sharing in covalent bonds. C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: comprehension A PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 226 8.1.2 Describe the representative units that define molecular compounds and ionic compounds. C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: comprehension B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 230 8.2.1 Explain the result of electron sharing in covalent bonds. C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: application B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 236 | p. 237 8.2.4 Explain how the strength of a covalent bond is related to its bond dissociation energy. C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: application A PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 237 8.2.5 Describe how resonance structures are used. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 comprehension D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 237 8.2.5 Describe how resonance structures are used. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 comprehension C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 240 8.3.1 Describe the relationship between atomic and molecular orbitals. C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 | C.3.4 BLM: comprehension D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 240 8.3.1 Describe the relationship between atomic and molecular orbitals. C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 | C.3.4 BLM: comprehension C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 241 8.3.1 Describe the relationship between atomic and molecular orbitals. C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 | C.3.4 BLM: comprehension B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 241 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. OBJ: 8.3.1 Describe the relationship between atomic and molecular orbitals. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 | C.3.4 BLM: comprehension ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 240 | p. 241 OBJ: 8.3.1 Describe the relationship between atomic and molecular orbitals. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 | C.3.4 BLM: comprehension ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 241 OBJ: 8.3.1 Describe the relationship between atomic and molecular orbitals. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 | C.3.4 BLM: comprehension ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 242 OBJ: 8.3.2 Describe how VSEPR theory helps predict the shapes of molecules. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 | C.3.4 BLM: knowledge ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 243 OBJ: 8.3.2 Describe how VSEPR theory helps predict the shapes of molecules. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 | C.3.4 BLM: comprehension ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 244 OBJ: 8.3.3 Identify the ways in which orbital hybridization is useful in describing molecules. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 | C.3.4 BLM: knowledge ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 245 OBJ: 8.3.3 Identify the ways in which orbital hybridization is useful in describing molecules. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 | C.3.4 BLM: knowledge ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 244 OBJ: 8.3.3 Identify the ways in which orbital hybridization is useful in describing molecules. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 | C.3.4 BLM: knowledge ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 248 | p. 249 OBJ: 8.4.1 Describe how electronegativity values determine the charge distribution in a polar molecule. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: application ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: p. 248 | p. 249 OBJ: 8.4.1 Describe how electronegativity values determine the charge distribution in a polar molecule. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: application ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 251 OBJ: 8.4.2 Evaluate the strengths of intermolecular attractions compared with the strengths of ionic and covalent bonds. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: knowledge ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 251 OBJ: 8.4.2 Evaluate the strengths of intermolecular attractions compared with the strengths of ionic and covalent bonds. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: knowledge ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 250 OBJ: 8.4.2 Evaluate the strengths of intermolecular attractions compared with the strengths of ionic and covalent bonds. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: knowledge ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 251 OBJ: 8.4.2 Evaluate the strengths of intermolecular attractions compared with the strengths of ionic and covalent bonds. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: comprehension ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 252 OBJ: 8.4.3 Explain why the properties of covalent compounds are so diverse. STA: C.3.1 | C.3.2 | C.3.3 BLM: knowledge ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 265 | p. 267 OBJ: 9.1.1 Explain how to determine the charges of monatomic ions. STA: C.3.5 BLM: comprehension ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 265 | p. 266 OBJ: 9.1.1 Explain how to determine the charges of monatomic ions. STA: C.3.5 BLM: application 32. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 264 OBJ: 9.1.1 Explain how to determine the charges of monatomic ions. STA: C.3.5 BLM: comprehension 33. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 266 OBJ: 9.1.1 Explain how to determine the charges of monatomic ions. STA: C.3.5 BLM: application 34. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 264 | p. 265 | p. 268 OBJ: 9.1.1 Explain how to determine the charges of monatomic ions. | 9.1.2 Explain how polyatomic ions differ from and are similar to monatomic ions. STA: C.3.5 BLM: application 35. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 268 | p. 269 OBJ: 9.1.2 Explain how polyatomic ions differ from and are similar to monatomic ions. STA: C.3.5 BLM: application 36. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 268 | p. 269 OBJ: 9.1.2 Explain how polyatomic ions differ from and are similar to monatomic ions. STA: C.3.5 BLM: application 37. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 266 OBJ: 9.1.1 Explain how to determine the charges of monatomic ions. STA: C.3.5 BLM: comprehension 38. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 272 OBJ: 9.2.1 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for binary ionic compounds. STA: C.3.5 BLM: comprehension 39. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 272 OBJ: 9.2.1 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for binary ionic compounds. STA: C.3.5 BLM: comprehension 40. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 272 | p. 280 OBJ: 9.2.1 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for binary ionic compounds. | 9.3.1 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for binary molecular compounds. STA: C.3.5 | C.3.4 BLM: application 41. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 272 | p. 273 | p. 274 | p. 275 OBJ: 9.2.1 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for binary ionic compounds. STA: C.3.5 BLM: application 42. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 272 | p. 273 OBJ: 9.2.1 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for binary ionic compounds. STA: C.3.5 BLM: application 43. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 272 | p. 273 | p. 274 | p. 275 OBJ: 9.2.1 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for binary ionic compounds. STA: C.3.5 BLM: application 44. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 276 | p. 277 OBJ: 9.2.2 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for compounds with polyatomic ions. STA: C.3.5 BLM: application 45. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 276 | p. 277 | p. 278 OBJ: 9.2.2 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for compounds with polyatomic ions. STA: C.3.5 BLM: application 46. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 268 | p. 278 OBJ: 9.2.2 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for compounds with polyatomic ions. STA: C.3.5 BLM: application 47. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 276 | p. 277 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. OBJ: 9.2.2 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for compounds with polyatomic ions. STA: C.3.5 BLM: analysis ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 265 | p. 275 | p. 280 OBJ: 9.2.1 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for binary ionic compounds. | 9.3.1 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for binary molecular compounds. STA: C.3.5 | C.3.4 BLM: comprehension ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 280 | p. 281 OBJ: 9.3.1 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for binary molecular compounds. STA: C.3.4 BLM: application ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 280 OBJ: 9.3.1 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for binary molecular compounds. STA: C.3.4 BLM: application ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 286 | p. 287 OBJ: 9.4.1 Determine the name and formula of an acid. STA: C.3.4 BLM: application ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 287 OBJ: 9.4.2 Determine the name and formula of a base. STA: C.3.4 BLM: knowledge ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 287 OBJ: 9.4.2 Determine the name and formula of a base. STA: C.3.4 BLM: knowledge ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 282 | p. 283 | p. 293 | p. 294 OBJ: 9.3.1 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for binary molecular compounds. | 9.5.2 List the general guidelines that can help you write the name and formula of a chemical compound. STA: C.3.4 BLM: application ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 272 | p. 273 | p. 293 | p. 294 OBJ: 9.2.1 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for binary ionic compounds. | 9.5.2 List the general guidelines that can help you write the name and formula of a chemical compound. STA: C.3.5 | C.3.4 BLM: application ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 285 | p. 293 OBJ: 9.4.1 Determine the name and formula of an acid. | 9.5.2 List the general guidelines that can help you write the name and formula of a chemical compound. STA: C.3.4 BLM: comprehension ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 276 | p. 277 | p. 293 | p. 294 OBJ: 9.2.2 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for compounds with polyatomic ions. | 9.5.2 List the general guidelines that can help you write the name and formula of a chemical compound. STA: C.3.5 | C.3.4 BLM: application ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 268 OBJ: 9.1.2 Explain how polyatomic ions differ from and are similar to monatomic ions. STA: C.3.5 BLM: comprehension ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 281 | p. 282 | p. 292 | p. 293 OBJ: 9.3.1 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for binary molecular compounds. | 9.5.2 List the general guidelines that can help you write the name and formula of a chemical compound. STA: C.3.4 BLM: application ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 278 | p. 279 | p. 292 | p. 293 OBJ: 9.2.2 Apply the rules for naming and writing formulas for compounds with polyatomic ions. | 9.5.2 List the general guidelines that can help you write the name and formula of a chemical compound. STA: C.3.5 | C.3.4 BLM: application