Help file
Two files are accessible:
“Timingofsingingdawn.csv”: times of onset of singing used in the final model for each species in Table2
“Timingofsingingdusk.csv”: times of cessation of singing used in the final model for each species in
Table3
Column headers:
Experimenter: who extracted the data? It was mostly 2 blind experimenters (1: Arnaud Da Silva; 2:
Jelmer Samplonius) and a third one in a smaller proportion (3: Patrick Schlumprecht)
Treatment: “light” (artificial light during the entire night), “noise” (traffic noise), “light+noise” (artificial
light during the entire night and traffic noise), “control” (no artificial light during the entire night and no
traffic noise)
Noise: is it a noisy site (“yes”) or not (“no”)?
Light: is it a lighted site (“yes”) or not (“no”)?
Site: name of the 11 sites: with light pollution (L1, L2, L3), with noise pollution (N1, N2, N3), with light
and noise pollution (LN1, LN2, LN3) and without light and noise pollution (C1, C2, C3)
Recorder: for each site, two recorders were used, one at the edge of the site (i.e. “edge”, lining the main
road or a path), one more inside the forest (“inner”)
Date: shown here is the formal date, with 1 = 1 January. Recordings used in the analysis span from 15
February to 17 April. Recorders from L2, N1, LN3 and C1 were removed on 27 March to be used in
another project
Date2: date relative to April 1, used in the models where intercept was 1 April. Therefore, on 1 April,
date2 = 0, on 2 April, date2 = 1, on 31 March, date2 = - 1
Weekend: is this day a weekend day (“yes”) or a workday (“no”)?
Daylight.saving.time: is this day under the winter time regime (“winter”), i.e. before March 25, or under
the summer time regime (“summer”)?
Temperature: temperature at sunrise/sunset in ° Celsius
Rain: is it a rainy (or partly rainy) morning/evening (“yes”) or a non-rainy morning/evening (“no”)?
Sun: Is it a sunny morning (“yes”) or a cloudy morning (“no”, also including partially cloudy mornings).
The data is only available for the mornings. NA = no data available
Greattit: onset/cessation of singing for great tits in minutes relative to sunrise/sunset (0 = at
sunrise/sunset; - 10 = 10 minutes before sunrise/sunset; 10 = 10 minutes after sunrise/sunset). NA = no
dawn/dusk chorus
Bluetit: onset/cessation of singing for blue tits in minutes relative to sunrise/sunset. NA = no dawn/dusk
chorus
Chaffinch: onset/cessation of singing for chaffinches in minutes relative to sunrise/sunset. NA = no
dawn/dusk chorus
Blackbird: onset/cessation of singing for blackbirds in minutes relative to sunrise/sunset. NA = no
dawn/dusk chorus
Robin: onset/cessation of singing for robins in minutes relative to sunrise/sunset. NA = no dawn/dusk
chorus
Songthrush: onset/cessation of singing for song thrushes in minutes relative to sunrise/sunset. NA = no
dawn/dusk chorus
Sunrise: time of civil sunrise in minutes from midnight (0 = midnight, 360 = 6 am). This does not take
into account the daylight saving time but rather the natural photoperiod changes. Recordings started
1.5 hours before sunrise/sunset and stopped 1.5 hours after
Civil.twilight: time of the start of civil twilight in minutes from midnight. This does not take into account
the daylight saving time but rather the natural photoperiod changes
Nautical.twilight: time of the start of nautical twilight in minutes from midnight. This does not take into
account the daylight saving time but rather the natural photoperiod changes
Astronomical.twilight: time of the start of astronomical twilight in minutes from midnight. This does not
take into account the daylight saving time but rather the natural photoperiod changes
Greattit2: onset/cessation of singing for great tits in minutes from midnight
Bluetit2: onset/cessation of singing for blue tits in minutes from midnight
Chaffinch2: onset/cessation of singing for chaffinches in minutes from midnight
Blackbird2: onset/cessation of singing for blackbirds in minutes from midnight
Robin2: onset/cessation of singing for robins in minutes from midnight
Songthrush2: onset/cessation of singing for song thrushes in minutes from midnight