F4104 : DATA STRUCTURE
Laboratory
Exercises
LAB 2: Data Structure and Array
Duration: 2 Hours
Learning Outcomes
This Labsheet encompasses activities 2A, 2B, and 2C.
By the end of this laboratory session, you should be able to:
1. Differentiate between data structure and array.
2. Explain and give example the relationship between data structure and array.
3. Define, declare access array of data structure.
4. Use array of data structures as function argument
5. Use data structure as an array member
6. Differentiate between array of data structures and array as a data structure member.
7. Write program using array of data structures and array as a data structure.
Software: C++ software (Microsoft Visual Studio, Turbo C++ 5.0/6.0)
Activity 2A
Activity Outcome: Write, compile and run a program using structure in C++.
Program structArray.cpp will create a structure named studentRec contains four members
and one structure variable with array data typed. The array size is 50. Using for loop, then
insert the values in the structure.
Procedure:
Step 1: Open C++ Programming and type the following sample structure code contains
three members.
// an array structure of student information
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct studentRec
{
char id[6];// student id number, max. 5 integer number
char name[50];
// student name, max 49 characters
char gender;
// student gender Male or Female
int age;
// student age
};
Step 2: Then define a variable array of studentRec with 20 size
void main()
{
// declaring array of 20 element of structure type
// and some of the element also are arrays
struct studentRec student[20];
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F4104 : DATA STRUCTURE
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int i = 0;
}
Step 3: Assign the values in the structure.
cout<<"Keying in student data and then display\n";
cout<<"---------------------------------------\n";
cout<<"Enter student data\n";
for(i=0; i<2; i++)
{
// storing the data
cout<<"\nID number (4 integer number) student #"<<i<<": ";
cin>>student[i].id;
cout<<"First name student #"<<i<<": ";
cin>> student [i].name;
cout<<"Gender (M or F) student #"<<i<<": ";
cin>> student [i].gender;
cout<<"Age student #"<<i<<": ";
cin>> student [i].age;
}
Step 4: displaying the data stored
cout<<"\n----------Display the data---------\n";
cout<<"You can see that the data storage\n";
cout<<"has been reserved for the structure!\n";
cout<<"------------------------------------\n";
for(i=0; i<2; i++)
{
// displaying the stored data
cout<<"\nID number student
# "<<i<<": "<<stud[i].id;
cout<<"\nFirst name student # "<<i<<": "<<stud[i].name;
cout<<"\nGender student
cout<<"\nAge student
# "<<i<<": "<<stud[i].gender;
# "<<i<<": "<<stud[i].age<<"\n";
}
}
Step 5: Save your activity as structArray.cpp
Step 6: Compile and Run the program and see the output appeared.
Activity 2B
Activity Outcome: Write, compile and run a program using typedef in C++.
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Laboratory
Exercises
This program will show the student structure that contains various data type members. You
will assign values to structure by input from user.
Procedure:
Step 1: Open C++ Programming and type the following code.
#include<iostream.h>
#include<string.h>
#define BIL 3
void main()
{
/* Declare student struct containing various data type members */
struct student
{
char name[20];
char IDNo[11];
char Class[5];
int year;
float cgpa;
}DIP_Student[BIL]; /* Declare array structure */
int i;
// Assign values to struct through input by user
for( i = 0; i <= BIL; i++ )
{
cout<<“Student’s Name : ”;
cin>>DIP_Student[i].name;
cout<<“Student’s ID : ”;
cin>>DIP_Student[i].IDNo;
cout<<“Class : ”;
cin>>DIP_Student[i].Class;
cout<<“Year : ”;
cin>>DIP_Student[i].year;
cout<<“CGPA : ”;
cin>>DIP_Student[i].cgpa;
}
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F4104 : DATA STRUCTURE
Laboratory
Exercises
// Print out student’s details
for( i = 0; i <= BIL; i++ )
{
cout<<“Student’s Details ”<<i<<endl;
cout<<“Student Name : ”<<DIP_Student[i].name <<endl;
cout<<“Student ID : ”<<DIP_Student[i].IDNo <<endl;
cout<<“Class : ”<<DIP_Student[i].Class <<endl;
cout<<“Year : ”<<DIP_Student[i].year <<endl;
cout<<“CGPA : ”<<DIP_Student[i].cgpa <<endl;
cout<<endl;
}
}
Step 2: Save your program as Activity2B.cpp.
Step 3: Compile and run the program. Correct the errors if any
Step 4: Write the output.
Activity 2C
Activity Outcome: Write, compile and run a program in C++.
This program will used to calculate number of days starting from 1st Jan for a date inserted.
Procedure:
Step 1: Open C++ Programming and type the following code.
#include <iostream.h>
struct date
{
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Exercises
int date;
int month;
int year;
};
struct date readDate();
int calculateDays(struct date);
int daysInMonth(int, int);
void main()
{
struct date tkh;
int bil;
tkh = readDate();
bil = calculateDays(tkh);
cout<<tkh.date<<“ /”<<tkh.month<<“/”<<tkh.year<< “is the ”<<bil<<“
days in a year ”<<tkh.year<<endl;
}
struct date readDate()
{
struct date t;
cout<<“Enter date with dd/mm/yyyy format : ”;
cin>>t.date>>t.month>>t.year;
return t;
}
int calculateDays(struct date t)
{
int n = 0, i;
for(i=1; i<t.month; i++)
n += daysInMonth(i, t.year);
n += t.date;
return n;
}
int daysInMonth(int month, int yr)
{
switch(month)
{
case 2 : if (yr % 4 == 0)
return 29;
else
return 28;
case 4 : case 6 :
case 9 : case 11 : return 30;
default: return 31;
}
}
Step 2: Save your program as Activity2C.cpp.
Step 3: Compile and run the program. Correct the errors if any
Step 4: Write the output.
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Laboratory
Exercises