Supplementary information S4 | Reliability, clinical validity and norms for measures of social behaviour
Test
Frontal Systems
Behavior Scale
(FrSBe)1
Reliability
Internal consistency
α = range 0.71–0.81,2 0.84–
0.95,3 0.70–0.934 and 0.86–
0.94.5 For the apathy
subscale, an α of 0.85 has also
been reported.6
Test-retest
Mean intervals of:
1 week, rs = 0.42–0.74,4
3 months, rs = 0.65–0.78.5
Inter-rater
α = 0.79–0.92.5
Frontal
Behavioural
inventory (FBI)12
Internal consistency
α = 0.93,13 0.97,14 and 0.89.12
Test-retest
Mean intervals of:
2 weeks, r = 0.9013
3 weeks, rs of 0.86 to 0.97.14
Inter-rater
ks = 0.9213 and 0.90.12 ICCs
range from 0.91–0.92.14
Internal consistency
α = 0.98.22
Clinical validity
Ratings of disinhibition differentiate between
people with FTD and those with other
dementias.7,8
In people with frontal lobe damage, the FrSBe
identifies significant post-lesion behaviour
changes relative to premorbid levels. Frontal
patients also score higher on the FrSBe than
patients with non-frontal brain damage and
controls.9
TBI is associated with elevated FrSBe scores
relative to published norms10 and controls.11
People with schizophrenia exhibit impairment
on all FrSBe scales.5
Many clinical studies have focused on
dementia. The FBI consistently differentiates
between patients with FTD and those with other
dementias.12–18 The FBI also has good
longitudinal validity in FTD,19–20 and is more
sensitive to FTD than cognitive testing.21
Norms
Extensive
research base.
Normative tables
provided in the
FrSBe manual.1
Population
Adults
Extensive
research base.
Published cut-off
scores.12,18
Adults
Only one
Adults
published study to
date. Norms not
available.
Peer ratings are correlated with executive
Only two
Adults
Peer-Report
Internal consistency
α = 0.75–0.92.23
decline,23 and are sensitive to early dementia.24
published studies
Social
to date. Norms not
Functioning
Scale23
available
Sensitive to FTD, with different types of social
Only one
Adults
Social
Inter-rater
ICCs = 0.71–0.95.25
impairment linked to atrophy in distinct
published study to
Impairment
Rating Scale25
corticolimbic networks.25
date.
Intra-rater
25
ICCs = 0.94–0.99.
Norms not
available.
α refers to Cronbach’s alpha, mean interval refers to average interval between testing occasions, ICC refers to intraclass correlation
coefficient, k refers to kappa. Abbreviations: bv-FTD, behavioural-variant FTD; FTD, frontotemporal dementia; TBI, traumatic brain injury.
Socioemotional
Dysfunction
Scale22
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Discriminates between patients with bvFTD
and those with early-onset dementia.22
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