Appendix: List of Included Meta-Analyses Ackerman, P., Beier, M., & Boyle, M. (2005). Working memory and intelligence: The same or different constructs? Psychological Bulletin, 131(1), 30-60. doi:10.1037/00332909.131.1.30. †Albarracín, D., Gillette, J., Earl, A., Glasman, L., Durantini, M., & Ho, M. (2005). A test of major assumptions about behavior change: A comprehensive look at the effects of passive and active HIV-prevention interventions since the beginning of the epidemic. Psychological Bulletin, 131(6), 856-897. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.6.856. †Baas, M., De Dreu, C., & Nijstad, B. (2008). A meta-analysis of 25 years of moodcreativity research: Hedonic tone, activation, or regulatory focus? Psychological Bulletin, 134(6), 779-806. doi:10.1037/a0012815. Bar-Haim, Y., Lamy, D., Pergamin, L., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M., & van IJzendoorn, M. (2007). Threat-related attentional bias in anxious and nonanxious individuals: A metaanalytic study. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 1-24. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.1. †Bogg, T., & Roberts, B. (2004). Conscientiousness and health-related behaviors: A Meta-Analysis of the leading behavioral contributors to mortality. Psychological Bulletin, 130(6), 887-919. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.6.887. Bond, C., & DePaulo, B. (2008). Individual differences in judging deception: Accuracy and bias. Psychological Bulletin, 134(4), 477-492. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.4.477. Bösch, H., Steinkamp, F., & Boller, E. (2006). Examining psychokinesis: The interaction of human intention with random number generators–A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(4), 497-523. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.4.497. Brewin, C., Kleiner, J., Vasterling, J., & Field, A. (2007). Memory for emotionally neutral information in posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analytic investigation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 116(3), 448-463. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.116.3.448. †Brunwasser, S., Gillham, J., & Kim, E. (2009). A meta-analytic review of the Penn Resiliency Program’s effect on depressive symptoms. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77(6), 1042-1054. doi:10.1037/a0017671. Burt, S. (2009). Rethinking environmental contributions to child and adolescent psychopathology: A meta-analysis of shared environmental influences. Psychological Bulletin, 135(4), 608-637. doi:10.1037/a0015702. †Cepeda, N., Pashler, H., Vul, E., Wixted, J., & Rohrer, D. (2006). Distributed practice in verbal recall tasks: A review and quantitative synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(3), 354-380. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.3.354. †Chida, Y., & Hamer, M. (2008). Chronic psychosocial factors and acute physiological responses to laboratory-induced stress in healthy populations: A quantitative review of 30 years of investigations. Psychological Bulletin, 134(6), 829-885. doi:10.1037/a0013342. †Cox, W., Fadardi, J., & Pothos, E. (2006). The addiction-Stroop test: Theoretical considerations and procedural recommendations. Psychological Bulletin, 132(3), 443-476. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.3.443. †Credé, M., & Kuncel, N. (2008). Study habits, skills, and attitudes: The third pillar supporting collegiate academic performance. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(6), 425453. †Cuijpers, P., van Straten, A., Andersson, G., & van Oppen, P. (2008). Psychotherapy for depression in adults: A meta-analysis of comparative outcome studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(6), 909-922. doi:10.1037/a0013075. Currier, J., Neimeyer, R., & Berman, J. (2008). The effectiveness of psychotherapeutic interventions for bereaved persons: A comprehensive quantitative review. Psychological Bulletin, 134(5), 648-661. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.5.648. †Denson, T., Spanovic, M., & Miller, N. (2009). Cognitive appraisals and emotions predict cortisol and immune responses: A meta-analysis of acute laboratory social stressors and emotion inductions. Psychological Bulletin, 135(6), 823-853. doi:10.1037/a0016909. †Devilly, G., & McFarlane, A. (2009). When wait lists are not feasible, nothing is a thing that does not need to be done. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77(6), 1159-1168. doi:10.1037/a0016878 Douglas, K., Guy, L., & Hart, S. (2009). Psychosis as a risk factor for violence to others: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 135(5), 679-706. doi:10.1037/a0016311. Durantini, M., Albarracín, D., Mitchell, A., Earl, A., & Gillette, J. (2006). Conceptualizing the influence of social agents of behavior change: A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of HIV-prevention interventionists for different groups. Psychological Bulletin, 132(2), 212-248. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.2.212. †Else-Quest, N., Hyde, J., Goldsmith, H., & Van Hulle, C. (2006). Gender differences in temperament: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(1), 33-72. doi:10.1037/00332909.132.1.33. †Field, M., Munafò, M., & Franken, I. (2009). A meta-analytic investigation of the relationship between attentional bias and subjective craving in substance abuse. Psychological Bulletin, 135(4), 589-607. doi:10.1037/a0015843. †Frattaroli, J. (2006). Experimental disclosure and its moderators: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(6), 823-865. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.6.823. †Glasman, L., & Albarracín, D. (2006). Forming attitudes that predict future behavior: A meta-analysis of the attitude-behavior relation. Psychological Bulletin, 132(5), 778-822. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.5.778. †Goldberg, W., Prause, J., Lucas-Thompson, R., & Himsel, A. (2008). Maternal employment and children's achievement in context: A meta-analysis of four decades of research. Psychological Bulletin, 134(1), 77-108. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.1.77. †Grabe, S., Ward, L., & Hyde, J. (2008). The role of the media in body image concerns among women: A meta-analysis of experimental and correlational studies. Psychological Bulletin, 134(3), 460-476. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.3.460. †Grabe, S., & Hyde, J. (2006). Ethnicity and body dissatisfaction among women in the United States: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(4), 622-640. doi:10.1037/00332909.132.4.622. †Hagedoorn, M., Sanderman, R., Bolks, H., Tuinstra, J., & Coyne, J. (2008). Distress in couples coping with cancer: A meta-analysis and critical review of role and gender effects. Psychological Bulletin, 134(1), 1-30. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.1.1. Hanson, R., & Morton-Bourgon, K. (2005). The characteristics of persistent sexual offenders: A meta-analysis of recidivism studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(6), 1154-1163. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.73.6.1154. †Harris, A. (2006). Does expressive writing reduce health care utilization? A metaanalysis of randomized trials. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(2), 243-252. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.74.2.243. Hart, W., Albarracín, D., Eagly, A., Brechan, I., Lindberg, M., & Merrill, L. (2009). Feeling validated versus being correct: A meta-analysis of selective exposure to information. Psychological Bulletin, 135(4), 555-588. doi:10.1037/a0015701. Hawkins, A., Blanchard, V., Baldwin, S., & Fawcett, E. (2008). Does marriage and relationship education work? A meta-analytic study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(5), 723-734. doi:10.1037/a0012584. †Hill, N., & Tyson, D. (2009). Parental involvement in middle school: A meta-analytic assessment of the strategies that promote achievement. Developmental Psychology, 45(3), 740763. doi:10.1037/a0015362. †Horowitz, J., & Garber, J. (2006). The prevention of depressive symptoms in children and adolescents: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(3), 401-415. †Howell, R., & Howell, C. (2008). The relation of economic status to subjective wellbeing in developing countries: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 134(4), 536-560. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.4.536. Juffer, F., & van IJzendoorn, M. (2007). Adoptees do not lack self-esteem: A metaanalysis of studies on self-esteem of transracial, international, and domestic adoptees. Psychological Bulletin, 133(6), 1067-1083. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.6.1067. Kangas, M., Bovbjerg, D., & Montgomery, G. (2008). Cancer-related fatigue: A systematic and meta-analytic review of non-pharmacological therapies for cancer patients. Psychological Bulletin, 134(5), 700-741. doi:10.1037/a0012825. Karelaia, N., & Hogarth, R. (2008). Determinants of linear judgment: A meta-analysis of lens model studies. Psychological Bulletin, 134(3), 404-426. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.3.404. Kurtz, M., & Mueser, K. (2008). A meta-analysis of controlled research on social skills training for schizophrenia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(3), 491-504. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.76.3.491. Lackner, J., Mesmer, C., Morley, S., Dowzer, C., & Hamilton, S. (2004). Psychological treatments for irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72(6), 1100-1113. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.72.6.1100. †Leaper, C., & Smith, T. (2004). A Meta-Analytic Review of Gender Variations in Children's Language Use: Talkativeness, Affiliative Speech, and Assertive Speech. Developmental Psychology, 40(6), 993-1027. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.40.6.993. †Lee, J., & Park, S. (2005). Working memory impairments in schizophrenia: A metaanalysis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114(4), 599-611. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.4.599. †Lijffijt, M., Kenemans, J., Verbaten, M., & van Engeland, H. (2005). A meta-analytic review of stopping performance in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Deficient inhibitory motor control? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114(2), 216-222. doi:10.1037/0021843X.114.2.216. Liu, D., Wellman, H., Tardif, T., & Sabbagh, M. (2008). Theory of mind development in Chinese children: A meta-analysis of false-belief understanding across cultures and languages. Developmental Psychology, 44(2), 523-531. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.44.2.523. Low, K., Yoon, M., Roberts, B., & Rounds, J. (2005). The stability of vocational interests from early adolescence to middle adulthood: A quantitative review of longitudinal studies. Psychological Bulletin, 131(5), 713-737. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.5.713. Luczak, S., Glatt, S., & Wall, T. (2006). Meta-analyses of ALDH2 and ADH1B with alcohol dependence in Asians. Psychological Bulletin, 132(4), 607-621. doi:10.1037/00332909.132.4.607. †Lyubomirsky, S., King, L., & Diener, E. (2005). The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success? Psychological Bulletin, 131(6), 803-855. doi:10.1037/00332909.131.6.803. Malle, B. (2006). The actor-observer asymmetry in attribution: A (surprising) metaanalysis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(6), 895-919. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.6.895. †McCoy, W., & Edens, J. (2006). Do black and white youths differ in levels of psychopathic traits? A meta-analysis of the psychopathy checklist measures. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(2), 386-392. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.74.2.386. Menselson, T., Rehkopf, D., & Kubzansky, L. (2008). Depression among Latinos in the United States: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(3), 355-366. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.76.3.355. Miller, G., Chen, E., & Zhou, E. (2007). If it goes up, must it come down? Chronic stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in humans. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 25-45. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.25. Mitte, K. (2005). Meta-Analysis of cognitive-behavioral treatments for generalized anxiety disorder: A comparison with pharmacotherapy. Psychological Bulletin, 131(5), 785-795. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.5.785. †Moskowitz, J., Hult, J., Bussolari, C., & Acree, M. (2009). What works in coping with HIV? A meta-analysis with implications for coping with serious illness. Psychological Bulletin, 135(1), 121-141. doi:10.1037/a0014210. Myers, T., & Crowther, J. (2009). Social comparison as a predictor of body dissatisfaction: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 118(4), 683-698. doi:10.1037/a0016763. †Nestoriuc, Y., Rief, W., & Martin, A. (2008). Meta-analysis of biofeedback for tensiontype headache: Efficacy, specificity, and treatment moderators. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(3), 379-396. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.76.3.379. †Noar, S., Benac, C., & Harris, M. (2007). Does tailoring matter? Meta-analytic review of tailored print health behavior change interventions. Psychological Bulletin, 133(4), 673-693. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.4.673. Noguchi, K., Albarracín, D., Durantini, M., & Glasman, L. (2007). Who participates in which health promotion programs? A meta-analysis of motivations underlying enrollment and retention in HIV-prevention interventions. Psychological Bulletin, 133(6), 955-975. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.6.955. †Olatunji, B., & Wolitzky-Taylor, K. (2009). Anxiety sensitivity and the anxiety disorders: A meta-analytic review and synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 135(6), 974-999. doi:10.1037/a0017428. †Orth, U., & Wieland, E. (2006). Anger, hostility, and posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults: A meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(4), 698-706. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.74.4.698. †Oyserman, D., & Lee, S. (2008). Does culture influence what and how we think? Effects of priming individualism and collectivism. Psychological Bulletin, 134(2), 311-342. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.2.311. Packer, D. (2008). Identifying systematic disobedience in Milgram's obedience experiments: A meta-analytic review. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(4), 301-304. Papadatou-Pastou, M., Martin, M., Munafò, M., & Jones, G. (2008). Sex differences in left-handedness: A meta-analysis of 144 studies. Psychological Bulletin, 134(5), 677-699. doi:10.1037/a0012814. †Pascoe, E., & Smart Richman, L. (2009). Perceived discrimination and health: A metaanalytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 135(4), 531-554. doi:10.1037/a0016059. †Patall, E., Cooper, H., & Robinson, J. (2008). The effects of choice on intrinsic motivation and related outcomes: A meta-analysis of research findings. Psychological Bulletin, 134(2), 270-300. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.2.270. Paulussen-Hoogeboom, M., Stams, G., Hermanns, J., & Peetsma, T. (2007). Child negative emotionality and parenting from infancy to preschool: A meta-analytic review. Developmental Psychology, 43(2), 438-453. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.2.438. †Pettigrew, T., & Tropp, L. (2006). A meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90(5), 751-783. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.751 †Pole, N. (2007). The psychophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder: A metaanalysis. Psychological Bulletin, 133(5), 725-746. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.5.725. Poropat, A. (2009). A meta-analysis of the Five-Factor model of personality and academic performance. Psychological Bulletin, 135(2), 322-338. doi:10.1037/a0014996. Prochaska, J., Delucchi, K., & Hall, S. (2004). A meta-analysis of smoking cessation interventions with individuals in substance abuse treatment or recovery. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72(6), 1144-1156. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.72.6.1144. Puetz, T., O'Connor, P., & Dishman, R. (2006). Effects of chronic exercise on feelings of energy and fatigue: A quantitative synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(6), 866-876. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.6.866. Roberts, A., Cash, T., Feingold, A., & Johnson, B. (2006). Are black-white differences in females’ body dissatisfaction decreasing? A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(6), 1121-1131. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.74.6.1121. Roseth, C., Johnson, D., & Johnson, R. (2008). Promoting early adolescents' achievement and peer relationships: The effects of cooperative, competitive, and individualistic goal structures. Psychological Bulletin, 134(2), 223-246. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.2.223. Shadish, W., & Baldwin, S. (2005). Effects of behavioral marital therapy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73, 6–14. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.73.1.6 Siev, J., & Chambless, D. (2007). Specificity of treatment effects: Cognitive therapy and relaxation for generalized anxiety and panic disorders. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75(4), 513-522. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.75.4.513. †Sio, U., & Ormerod, T. (2009). Does incubation enhance problem solving? A metaanalytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 135(1), 94-120. doi:10.1037/a0014212. †Starr, L., & Davila, J. (2008). Excessive reassurance seeking, depression, and interpersonal rejection: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 117(4), 762775. doi:10.1037/a0013866. Steel, P. (2007). The nature of procrastination: A meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential self-regulatory failure. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 65-94. doi:10.1037/00332909.133.1.65. Stewart, R., & Chambless, D. (2009). Cognitive–behavioral therapy for adult anxiety disorders in clinical practice: A meta-analysis of effectiveness studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77(4), 595-606. doi:10.1037/a0016032. Stice, E., Shaw, H., Bohon, C., Marti, C., & Rohde, P. (2009). A meta-analytic review of depression prevention programs for children and adolescents: Factors that predict magnitude of intervention effects. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77(3), 486-503. doi:10.1037/a0015168. †Stice, E., Shaw, H., & Marti, C. (2006). A meta-analytic review of obesity prevention programs for children and adolescents: The skinny on interventions that work. Psychological Bulletin, 132(5), 667-691. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.5.667. Stroud, C., Davila, J., & Moyer, A. (2008). The relationship between stress and depression in first onsets versus recurrences: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 117(1), 206-213. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.117.1.206. †Su, R., Rounds, J., & Armstrong, P. (2009). Men and things, women and people: A meta-analysis of sex differences in interests. Psychological Bulletin, 135(6), 859-884. doi:10.1037/a0017364. †Thomas, J., Vartanian, L., & Brownell, K. (2009). The relationship between eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) and officially recognized eating disorders: Metaanalysis and implications for DSM. Psychological Bulletin, 135(3), 407-433. doi:10.1037/a0015326. †Tolin, D., & Foa, E. (2006). Sex differences in trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder: A quantitative review of 25 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 132(6), 959-992. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.6.959. †van IJzendoorn, M., Juffer, F., & Poelhuis, C. (2005). Adoption and cognitive development: A meta-analytic comparison of adopted and nonadopted children's IQ and school performance. Psychological Bulletin, 131(2), 301-316. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.2.301. †van Zomeren, M., Postmes, T., & Spears, R. (2008). Toward an integrative social identity model of collective action: A quantitative research synthesis of three sociopsychological perspectives. Psychological Bulletin, 134(4), 504-535. doi:10.1037/00332909.134.4.504. Vittengl, J., Clark, L., Dunn, T., & Jarrett, R. (2007). Reducing relapse and recurrence in unipolar depression: A comparative meta-analysis of cognitive-behavioral therapy's effects. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75(3), 475-488. doi:10.1037/0022006X.75.3.475. Vul, E., Harris, C., Winkielman, P., & Pashler, H. (2009). Puzzlingly high correlations in fMRI studies of emotion, personality, and social cognition. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(3), 274-290. doi:10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01125.x. Walton, G. M. & Spencer, S. J. (2009). Latent ability: Grades and test scores systematically underestimate the intellectual ability of negatively stereotyped students. Psychological Science, 20, 1132-1139. Weiss, B., Caron, A., Ball, S., Tapp, J., Johnson, M., & Weisz, J. (2005). Iatrogenic effects of group treatment for antisocial youths. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(6), 1036-1044. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.73.6.1036. †Weisz, J., Jensen-Doss, A., & Hawley, K. (2006). Evidence-based youth psychotherapies versus usual clinical care: A meta-analysis of direct comparisons. American Psychologist, 61(7), 671-689. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.61.7.671. †Denotes meta-analysis included in sub-analysis using the tandem procedure.