NAME:___________________________________
DATE:_____________________
PERIOD:_____
#:_____
Gas Laws Simulation Computer Lab
INTRODUCTION
In this simulation lab, you will explore four gas laws: Boyle’s Law, Charles’s Law, Gay-Lussac’s Law, and
Avogadro’s Law. Each of these laws represents the relationship between two properties of a gas
sample. These properties include: pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles. Since only
two properties are related in one equation, it is assumed that the properties not being examined are
held constant.
TASK
Your goal for this computer lab is to use the online simulator to derive the equations for each of these
gas laws. These equations can either represent direct or inverse relationships. Direct relationships can
𝑥
be represented by the formula 𝑦 = k, where k is a constant and x and y are the two variables being
examined. The generic formula xy = k is used for indirect, or inverse, relationships.
GETTING STARTED
Access the following website: http://intro.chem.okstate.edu/1314f00/laboratory/glp.htm
Fill in the table below regarding the four properties being explored:
SYMBOL
P
V
n
T
PROPERTY
UNITS
Gas Laws Simulation Computer Lab
The image below is what you should first see when you open the website. The left half of the screen
displays gas particles in a closed container. The top of the container is a piston that can change height.
Thus, the size of the container may change as you alter certain properties. The upper right side of the
screen allows you change the quantities of the four properties being investigated. Below these
properties is a drop down menu. When “Velocities” is selected, the lower right side of the screen
depicts the velocities of the gas particles present.
When “Relations” is selected from this menu, graphs of different properties can be displayed. The
image below shows what the screen should look like when “Relations” is selected.
Gas Laws Simulation Computer Lab
BOYLE’S LAW: Pressure-Volume Relationship in Gases
Set-Up
1.
2.
3.
4.
Select “Relations” from the drop-down menu on the right side of the screen.
For the x-axis select “Pressure” and for the y-axis select “Volume.”
Select the two buttons that say “Enable” and “Multiple.”
Change the volume value to 2.00L and record the corresponding pressure in the table below.
Repeat this procedure for the four other indicated volumes.
PRESSURE
VOLUME
2.00L
4.00L
6.00L
8.00L
10.00L
5. Use the sliding bar next to volume to minimize the volume and observe the gas particles in the
container. Observe the particles when the volume is maximized.
a. How does the distribution of gas particles compare when volume is minimized versus
maximized?
b. How does the frequency of collisions compare when volume is minimized versus
maximized?
c. How does the velocity of the gas particles compare when volume is minimized versus
maximized. HINT: Select “Velocities” from the drop-down menu to analyze the velocity
under the two conditions.
Gas Laws Simulation Computer Lab
CHARLES’S LAW: Volume-Temperature Relationship in Gases
Set-Up
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Refresh the webpage to clear the settings from the previous law.
In the upper right corner, select the button for “V (L).”
Select “Relations” from the drop-down menu on the right side of the screen.
For the x-axis select “Temperature” and for the y-axis select “Volume.”
Select the two buttons that say “Enable” and “Multiple.”
Change the temperature value to 50K and record the corresponding volume in the table below.
Repeat this procedure for the four other indicated temperatures.
TEMPERATURE
VOLUME
50.00K
100.00K
150.00K
200.00K
250.00K
7. Use the sliding bar next to temperature to minimize the temperature and observe the gas
particles in the container. Observe the particles when temperature is maximized.
a. How does the distribution of gas particles compare when temperature is minimized
versus maximized?
b. How does the frequency of collisions compare when temperature is minimized versus
maximized?
c. How does the velocity of the gas particles compare when temperature is minimized
versus maximized. HINT: Select “Velocities” from the drop-down menu to analyze the
velocity under the two conditions.
Gas Laws Simulation Computer Lab
GAY-LUSSAC’S LAW: Pressure-Temperature Relationship in Gases
Set-Up
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Refresh the webpage to clear the settings from the previous law.
In the upper right corner, select the button for “T (K).”
Select “Relations” from the drop-down menu on the right side of the screen.
For the x-axis select “Temperature” and for the y-axis select “Pressure.”
Select the two buttons that say “Enable” and “Multiple.”
Change the pressure value to 0.1atm and record the corresponding temperature in the table
below. Repeat this procedure for the four other indicated pressures.
TEMPERATURE
PRESSURE
0.10atm
0.30atm
0.50atm
0.70atm
0.90atm
7. Use the sliding bar next to pressure to minimize the pressure and observe the gas particles in
the container. Observe the particles when pressure is maximized.
d. How does the distribution of gas particles compare when pressure is minimized versus
maximized?
e. How does the frequency of collisions compare when pressure is minimized versus
maximized?
f.
How does the velocity of the gas particles compare when pressure is minimized versus
maximized. HINT: Select “Velocities” from the drop-down menu to analyze the velocity
under the two conditions.
Gas Laws Simulation Computer Lab
AVOGADRO’S LAW: Mole-Volume Relationship in Gases
Set-Up
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Refresh the webpage to clear the settings from the previous law.
In the upper right corner, select the button for “V (L).”
Select “Relations” from the drop-down menu on the right side of the screen.
For the x-axis select “Moles” and for the y-axis select “Volume.”
Select the two buttons that say “Enable” and “Multiple.”
Change the moles of He value to 1.75mol and record the corresponding volume value in the
table below. Repeat this procedure for the four other indicated mole values.
MOLES
VOLUME
1.75mol
1.60mol
1.45mol
1.30mol
1.15mol
7. Use the sliding bar next to moles to minimize the moles and observe the gas particles in the
container. Observe the particles when moles are maximized.
a. How does the distribution of gas particles compare when moles are minimized versus
maximized?
b. How does the frequency of collisions compare when moles are minimized versus
maximized?
c. How does the velocity of the gas particles compare when moles are minimized versus
maximized. HINT: Select “Velocities” from the drop-down menu to analyze the velocity
under the two conditions.
Gas Laws Simulation Computer Lab
BOYLE’S LAW
1. Plot your data points. Title your graph and axes (remember units!).
2. Is the pressure-volume relationship direct or inverse? Briefly explain your reasoning based on
the data you collected and your graph.
3. What is the equation for Boyle’s Law?
4. Solve for the value of k in this simulation of Boyle’s Law.
5. Using your equation, determine the volume if the pressure was 8atm.
6. Using your equation, determine the pressure if the volume was 7L.
Gas Laws Simulation Computer Lab
CHARLES’S LAW
1. Plot you data points. Title your graph and axes (remember units!).
2. Is the volume-temperature relationship direct or inverse? Briefly explain your reasoning based
on the data you collected and your graph.
3. What is the equation for Charles’s Law?
4. Solve for the value of k in this simulation of Charles’s Law.
5. Using your equation, determine the volume if the temperature was 180K.
6. Using your equation, determine the temperature if the volume was 15L.
Gas Laws Simulation Computer Lab
GAY-LUSSAC’S LAW
1. Plot your data points. Title your graph and axes (remember units!).
2. Is the pressure-temperature relationship direct or inverse? Briefly explain your reasoning based
on the data you collected and your graph.
3. What is the equation for Gay-Lussac’s Law?
4. Solve for the value of k in this simulation of Gay-Lussac’s Law.
5. Using your equation, determine the pressure if the temperature was 100K.
6. Using your equation, determine the temperature if the pressure was 1.5atm.
Gas Laws Simulation Computer Lab
AVOGADRO’S LAW
1. Plot your data points. Title your graph and axes (remember units!).
2. Is the mole-volume relationship direct or inverse? Briefly explain your reasoning based on the
data you collected and your graph.
3. What is the equation for Avogadro’s Law?
4. Solve for the value of k in this simulation of Avogadro’s Law.
5. Using your equation, determine the volume if there were 3moles of gas.
6. Using your equation, determine the number of moles if the volume was 44.8L.