Name _______________________________________ Period __________ Date __________________
Ch. 1 – Old Sciences – part 1
Humoral Personality Test
Old Sciences Assignment
Ch. 1 – History of Anatomy and Physiology – part 2
Greek Period
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Greek period in the history of human anatomy started somewhere near _______________. The
most famous anatomists of this period were Hippocrates and Herophilus. Hippocrates was
regarded as the father of ____________________ and he was one of the founders of anatomy.
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Herophilus is known as father of ____________________ and he was one of the first very few
people to dissect human body. Herophilus did some great differentiations in the field of
anatomy for example he differentiated cerebrum from cerebellum, nerves from tendons,
arteries from veins etc.
Roman period:
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The most prominent anatomist of this period was Galen. He is known as the “Prince of
Physicians” because he was the first experimental physiologist. His teachings were followed for
nearly _____________ centuries considering them as infallible authorities of anatomy.
Fourteenth century:
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The most prominent scientist of this period was Mondino de Liuzzi. He was an Italian and had
the post of professor of anatomy in Balogna. His famous book “______________________”
was treated as the authorized anatomical text for over a century.
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The reason his book became so famous was that he taught anatomy by ___________________
for which his book was a guide. Before the famous Vesalius, he was the most renowned
anatomist.
Fifteenth century:
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This century is the time when one of the greatest geniuses of all times _____________________
lived. Da Vinci was the originator of cross sectional anatomy. The most admirable and important
work done by him in the field of anatomy was the collection of drawings of the things he
observed. These drawings were made with extreme perfection. He made a total of _________
diagrams in his 60 notebooks.
Sixteenth century:
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This is the century of the greatest anatomist of all times, the famous ______________________.
He is regarded as the “Founder of _____________________________” because he made the
world realize that anatomy can only be taught through dissection. He corrected the erroneous
concepts of Galen and fought against his authority thus he corrected the concepts which were
continuously taught wrong for about 15 centuries.
Seventeenth century:
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In this century lived the famous English anatomist William Harvey. He discovered the circulation
of blood through human body and published in the book titled “Anatomical exercise on the
motion of blood and heart in animals:” He also published a book on ______________________.
Eighteenth and Nineteenth century:
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In these two centuries major steps were taken in learning procedure for anatomy. Dissection
was made ___________________ for medical students. ___________________________ Act
was passed in England under which the unclaimed bodies were made available for dissection.
The use of formalin as a fixative started in this period and techniques of endoscopy were also
discovered. Prominent anatomists of this century included Cuvier, Meckel and
_____________________________(Author of Gray’s Anatomy).
Ch. 1 – Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology – part 3
Lab 1 – Scientific Method and Measurement
Definitions
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__________________ - the structure of body parts (also called ______________________)
__________________- the function of the body parts, what they do and how they do it.
Characteristics of Life
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___________________ - self initiated change in position, motion of internal parts
_______________________ (irritability) - Ability to sense changes within, or around the
organism and react to them
____________________ - increase in body size
_____________________ - Parents produce offspring / producing new individuals
_____________________ - Obtaining oxygen (O2), using it to release energy from food
substances, and getting rid of wastes
__________________ - Chemically changing (breaking down) food substances, and getting rid of
wastes
____________________ - Passage of Digested products (food substances) through membranes
and into body fluids
_____________________ - Movement of substances throughout the body
______________________- Changing absorbed substances into chemically different substances
____________________ - Removal of wastes
Mental Mapping
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I am walking to McDonalds ___________________
I stop at the traffic light ______________________
My body is growing _______________________
I am breathing air __________________
I get a hamburger and eat it __________________
My body absorbs the hamburger _____________________
The hamburger circulates in my body _____________________
The hamburger is changed to things my body needs ____________________
Eventually, I go to the bathroom _____________________
Someday I may reproduce _____________________
Other Characteristics
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_____________________ = all the physical and chemical changes
_____________________ = food, oxygen, water, heat
_____________________ = tendency of the body to maintain a stable, balanced, internal
environment. “Sameness”
Feedback Loops
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_________________ Loop: Works on checks and balances. Maintains a stable internal
environment.
o Ex. Heart rate or blood pressure
_______________ Loop: Builds on a stimulus. Usually short term.
o Ex. Blood clotting or childbirth contractions
Levels of Organization
Card activity – Write levels of organization from smallest to largest
General Organization of the Body
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____________________ portion – head, neck, trunk
________________________ portion – arms & legs
Several body cavities
Layers of _______________________ within cavities
Variety of organs and organ systems within cavities
__________________ = internal organs “Visceral organs”
Body Cavities
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Dorsal = _________________ side
Ventral = ________________ side
________________________= chest (heart, trachea, lungs..)
________________________ = stomach area (spleen, intestines)
________________________= lower abdomen (bladder, reproductive organs)
DIAPHRAGM: Separates the ________________ and _____________________ region
_____________________ MEMBRANE - covers and surrounds organs
SEROUS FLUID - lubricates __________________________
Label Body Cavities Worksheet
Membranes
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Serous membrane - ___________ layered, covers organs
o Outer layer = ___________________
o Inner layer = ___________________ (lines the organs)
Serous fluid - _____________________ fluid
Other Membranes
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__________________________ = lungs
__________________________ = heart
__________________________ = organs (abdominopelvic region)
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Visceral Pleura / Parietal Pleura
Visceral Pericardium / Parietal Pericardium
Visceral Peritoneum / Parietal Peritoneum
_______________________ = next to organ
_______________________= next to body cavity
Organ System Concept Map worksheet
Body Region worksheet
Career assignment
Introduction to Anatomy Web Activities