Biology I
Unit 2 Assessment
MASTERY
2.01 _________ 2.04 __________
Name: ____________________________________
Date: ____________________ Block: __________
2.01: Compare and contrast the structure and function of carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and nucleic acids.
31. The enzyme lipase breaks down lipids into which of
the following molecules?
A. Sugars and glycerol
B. Fatty acids and glycerol
C. Fatty acids and amino acids
D. Amino acids and sugars
32. A student tested different foods to determine which
organic compounds were present. She based her
results on the following information:
All four tests were performed on skim milk. The
observations were that Benedict’s solution changed color
and Biuret’s solution changed color. All other tests had
negative results. Which organic compounds were present in
skim milk?
A. starch and protein
B. sugar and protein
C. sugar and starch
D. fat and sugar
33. Strawberry plants are producers (autotrophs). One
structural component of their cells is a molecule called
cellulose. Which of the following best describes the
molecule cellulose?
A. Carbohydrate
C. Fatty acid
B. Cytoplasm
D. Enzyme
34. Animals commonly store energy in the form of
A. Fats and glycogen
C. Minerals and water
B. Waxes and oils
D. Water and lipids
37. How is the structure of a carbohydrate similar to that of
a nucleic acid?
A. A nucleotide contains a 5-carbon sugar.
B. Both structures are very complex.
C. The structure of both a carbohydrate and a
nucleic acid allow them to carry a great amount
of energy between bonds.
D. A nucleic acid is the building block of a carbohydrate.
38. Mariah is trying to convince her best friend that the
function of a protein is important to a carbohydrate.
Which of the following statements could she use to
explain the relationship between the two organic
molecules?
A. Both proteins and carbohydrates provide energy.
B. Specific proteins called enzymes break down
carbohydrates to release quick energy.
C. Antibodies are proteins that protect the body
from harmful substances, such as carbohydrates.
D. Proteins produce all of the carbon, hydrogen and
oxygen make up a carbohydrate.
39.
Compound
Characteristic
A
B
C
Glycerol is a building block
Contains amino acids
Formed from subunits contain a nitrogen
base, a phosphate and ribose
D
Includes starches
The chart above describes four classes of compounds.
What is another characteristic of the compound in class B?
A. They are composed of basic subunits known as
nucleotides.
B. They also include sugars.
C. They transfer amino acids to ribosomes during
protein synthesis.
D. They include compounds such as insulin,
antibodies, and hemoglobin.
35. Which organic compound is correctly matched with the
subunit that composes it?
A. Cellulose- amino acid
B. Starch- glucose
C. Protein- fatty acid
D. Lipid- nucleic acid
36. All of the following are functions of proteins
EXCEPT:
A. Act as enzymes
B. Regulate the body through homeostasis
C. Store the genetic information of the cell
D. Build and repair muscles and bones
40. The picture above depicts a _____________ because it
is made of _____________.
A. Carbohydrate; sugars and starches
B. Nucleic acid; a sugar, base, and phosphate group
C. Lipid; fatty acids and glycerol
D. Protein; amino acids
2.04: Investigate and describe the structure and function of enzymes and their importance in biological systems.
41. Enzymes are said to be specific because they:
A. Work at only one temperature
B. Work at only one pH
C. Catalyze only certain reactions
D. Are lipids with special functions
Use the image and graph below to answer questions 47 and 48.
42. The diagram below represents a series of reactions that
can happen in an organism.
This diagram best illustrates the relationship between
A. Enzymes and synthesis
B. Amino acids and glucose
C. Antigens and immunity
D. Enzymes and ribosomes
43. Catalase is an enzyme that causes the following reaction:
Hydrogen peroxide + Catalase  Water + Oxygen + Catalase
What is the best explanation for catalase being present on
both the reactant and the product side of the reaction?
A. Enzymes are substrate specific
B. Enzymes are reusable
C. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions
D. Enzymes are affected by such factors as pH
44. Why do most enzymes not function properly after being
exposed to high temperatures?
A. They are not reusable
B. They have combined with another enzyme
C. Their active site has been changed
D. Their water content has been reduced
45. Base your answer to the following question on the graph
below. What is the optimum temperature for the enzyme?
A. 0 °C
B. 37 °C
C. 55 °C
D. 60 °C
46. The diagram below represents a biochemical process that
occurs in organisms.
47. The graph indicates that pepsin would function best in
which environment?
A. Mouth (pH 6.5)
B. Small intestine (8)
C. Stomach (pH 2.5)
D. Large intestine (pH 9)
48. Pepsin and trypsin are classified as
A. Carbohydrates
C. Proteins
B. Lipids
D. Nucleic Acids
49. The graph below shows the change in the growth of the
plant. Which of the following best explains this?
A.The enzymes used during
photosynthesis are denatured
at about 18°C.
B.The enzymes for
photosynthesis work optimally
at about 18°C.
C.When plants reach 24°C or
higher, their enzymes no
longer work because it is too
hot
D.Temperature has no affect
on plant growth
50. If enzyme A is currently functioning at 26°C and pH of 7,
under which conditions would the rate of the enzyme
action most likely increase?
Enzyme
A
B
The substance labeled “catalyst” is also known as
A. A hormone
C. A substrate
B. An enzyme
D. An inorganic compound
A.
B.
C.
D.
Temperature
Range (◦C)
25-35
45-85
Optimum
pH
6
3.5
Temperature ↓ to 20°C and the pH is ↑to 10.
Temperature ↑to 40°C and the pH stays the same.
Temperature ↑to 30°C and the pH ↓to 6.
Temperature stays the same and the pH ↓ to 2