CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
This chapter presents conclusions concerning of the types and the reasons for
using code switching in SMS messages sent by students of STAIN Tulungagung.
Some suggestions are also included in this chapter.
A. Conclusion
The conclusion in this chapter is presented in two parts, they are: 1)
theoretical conclusion and, 2) empirical conclusion.
1. Theoretical conclusion
Code Switching is sometimes used to refer to relatively stable informal
mixture of two languages, such as English or Indonesian, or to refer to dialect
or style- shifting, they move from formal to less formal setting or around it.
People who use code switching in their conversation are members in a speech
community.
Using two languages in a conversation is a normal phenomenon. It is not
only happen in oral but also in written, for example, in SMS message.
The types of code switching are (1) Intra sentential code switching,
which involves a word within sentence, a noun phrase, a question tag, a verb
phrase, and Independent clause; (2) Inter-sentential code switching; (3) Intra
lexical code switching; (4) Emblematic code switching; (5) Changing
pronunciation feature; (6) Continues the previous speaker.
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The probable reasons for using code switching are: (1) Talking about a
particular topic, (2) Quoting somebody else, (3) Being emphatic about
something, (4) Inserting sentence fillers or sentence connectors, (5) Repetition
used for clarification, (6) Intention of clarifying the speech content for
interlocutor, (7) Expressing group identity, (8) Softening or strengthening
request or command, (9) A real lexical need that cannot be satisfactorily by
the first language, (10) Humorous usage.
2. Empirical conclusion
a. The types of code switching in SMS message sent by students of STAIN
Tulungagung
In this research, the types of code switching used in SMS messages
sent by students of STAIN Tulungagung are (1) Intra sentential code
switching, which involves a word within sentence, a question, a noun
phrase, a question tag, a verb phrase, and an adjective phrase; (2) Intersentential code switching; (3) Intra lexical code switching; (4) Emblematic
code switching; (5) Changing pronunciation feature.
b. The reasons for using code switching
In this research, the probable reasons for using code switching are:
(1) Talking about a particular topic, (2) Quoting somebody else, (3) Being
emphatic about something, (4) Inserting sentence fillers or sentence
connectors, (5) Repetition used for clarification, (6) Intention of clarifying
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the speech content for interlocutor, (7) Expressing group identity, (8)
Softening or strengthening request or command, (9) A real lexical need
that cannot be satisfactorily by the first language, (10) Humorous usage.
B. Suggestions
From the findings and the discussion, the researcher offers the following
suggestions:
1.
For Sociolinguistics Students
From this study, it is found that Sociolinguistics study can be done in
various kinds of media. There have been a lot of Sociolinguistic studies
about the spoken discourse. This study analyzes written discourse in the
form of SMS messages sent by students of STAIN Tulungagung. SMS as a
popular medium of communication used by people nowadays can be an
interesting subject to study. Therefore, this research also suggests that the
Sociolinguistics students should think more critically about other interesting
phenomena in written discourse exiting in society in order to give useful
contribution to the Sociolinguistics study.
2.
For Future Research
Sociolinguistics study is always up to date from time to time.
Therefore, it is expected to future researchers to develop this research by
including all the aspects in code switching. It is also suggested to explore
other phenomena of code switching in any kind of speech community in
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order to investigate the types of code switching and the probable reasons for
it. In additions, it is expected that the future researchers can be more critical
and are more aware of the phenomena of code switching in the
contemporary medium of communication.