TEMPERATE FOREST
BIOME PROJECT
BY:
ZUNNI RAMIREZ
SOFIA LOPEZ
VALENTINA BENAVIDES
MARIA JOSE ARIAS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. Body:
3.1 What is a biome?
3.2 Description of the characteristics
3.3 Does the biome exist in Colombia?
3.4 Effect of climate change in your biome
3.5 What is the type of fauna and flora?
3.6 Topography
3.7 Biotic and abiotic factors
3.8 Food chain
4. bibliography
1. abstract
The temperate forest biome can be found in places where the four seasons occur during
the development of the year. There it is possible to find a variety of animals and plants
such as koalas, possums, wallabies, wombats, kookaburras and marsupials; boars,
badgers, squirrels and song birds; deer, bears, mountain lions, bobcats, rabbits,
woodpeckers and many smaller birds ; giant pandas and red pandas; Trees: deciduous;
coniferous, evergreens and broad-leaved evergreens; Plants: oak; wild flowers, sassafras,
shrubs and redbud. Regarding climate and precipitation; most forests get their precipitation
in winter and spring, precipitation in temperate forests ranges from 75 to 150 centimeters a
year. This biome has 4 changing seasons including winter, spring, summer and fall. The
temperate forests are located at eastern United States, Canada, Europe, China, Japan
and parts of Russia. There are 2 types of temperate forests: deciduous and evergreen
forests. Something which affects a lot the temperate forests and has destroyed the nature
of this same one; is the acid rain caused by air pollution and contamination from factories.
There are no temperate forests in Colombia due to the fact that this country has not the
four seasons during the year.
2. introduction
By this project the purpose is the understanding and development of an investigation, in
this case about the temperate forests; by which the main goal to be achieved is the
explanation of every characteristic that this biome possesses, how climate changes and
affects it?; how it is related to a life in and ecosystem?, in what way does it has to do with
the biotic and abiotic factors of life?; in what way do its characteristics direct to the location
of this biome in the world?.
3. Body
3.1 What is a biome?
A biome is a large geographical area characterized by certain types of plants and animals.
The location of each biome is determined by the regional climate. A biome is defines by
the interactions of plants and animals with the climate, geology, soil types, water resources
and latitude of the area. The most important biomes are the desert, tundra, coniferous,
forests, deciduous forests, grasslands and tropical rainforests.
3.2 Description of the characteristics of the temperate forest and map of the
world locating it
Precipitation: Temperate forests consist in mainly of broad-leaved evergreens
receive the least. Most forests get their precipitation in winter and spring,
precipitation in temperate forests ranges from 75 to 150 centimeters a year.
Temperature: the temperate forest is found in regions were winters are cold and
summers are warm, regions with this climate are far from the equator and the
poles. This biome has 4 changing seasons including winter, spring, summer and
fall. “Annual mean temperature increases are projected to be 2.5–3.5°C,
except for the UK and Ireland with 2–3°C. Summers are likely to be dryer and
hotter (up to 4°C increase). Extreme events such as violent storms and
floods are projected to become more frequent due to warmer temperatures
and higher volumes and intensities of precipitation, in particular in winter.”
Types of temperate forests:
a. Deciduous Forest: They can appear to be empty especially during winter and
there are no leaves on the trees during spring. These forests are bursting with
life. Deciduous forests tend to be found in the northern hemisphere in parts of
Europe, Japan and North America.
b. evergreen forest: thir trees dont loos leaves in autum. The evergreen forests
are generally seen in warmer climates, such as southern europe, south africa,
south america and parts of southern australia. This forests tend to have more
variety range of wild life.
Temperature at the
temperate forests in
winters starts from -1
degrees to -30 degrees
and down
90
temperature in degrees (F°)
80
70
60
50
40
80
30
20
10
-1
0
-10
summer
winter
The temperate forests are located at eastern United States, Canada, Europe,
China, Japan and parts of Russia
3.3 Do the temperate forests exist in Colombia?
No, the biome just exist at places where there are the 4 changing seasons; there are very
few temperate forests at South America
3.4 Effects of climate change in temperate forests
Scientist have discovered that air pollution from factories, coal burning power
plants, cars and other sources mixes with rain to create acid rain. Over time in
temperate forests, acid rain has killed trees and other plants.
Because of global warming when temperate forests season changes to winter its
very difficult that it stays as it used to be before the global warming, animals are
getting affected and its environment is being affected too.
Responsibility of human being with the environment has been changing in the last
years so there have been forest fire affecting animals and the environment, making
it to disappear in the next years.
3.5 What type of flora and fauna are in temperate forests?
Fauna:
a. Australia: koalas, possums, wallabies, wombats, kookaburras and marsupials
b.
Europe: boars, badgers, squirrels and song birds
c. Canada and U.S: deer, bears, mountain lions, bobcats, rabbits, woodpeckers
and many smaller birds
d. China: giant pandas and red pandas
e. General: owls, bats, wild cats, black bears, pika and mountain lion.
Flora:
a. Trees: deciduous; coniferous, evergreens and broad-leaved evergreens
Plants: oak; wild flowers, sassafras, shrubs and redbud
3.6 Topography
3.7 Biotic and Abiotic factors of temperate forests
Biotic factors: in the temperate forests could be found, heterotrophs and
autotrophs, they are:
a. Heterotrophs: koalas, possums, wallabies, wombats, kookaburras and
marsupials boars, badgers, squirrels and song birds. Deer, bears, mountain
lions, bobcats, rabbits, woodpeckers and many smaller birds, giant pandas and
red pandas, owls, bats, wild cats, black bears, pika and mountain lion.
b. Autotrophs: deciduous; coniferous, evergreens and broad-leaved evergreens
trees. Oak; wild flowers, sassafras, shrubs and redbud
Abiotic factors: Rock, rock soil, water, air, sun light, wind, temperature, plant litter,
terrain, rainfall. Season may count also as a abiotic factor, because it counts like
the weather it is not a living thing in the environment and each season has an
specific climate or weather.
3.8 Food Chain of Temperate forest
Bobcat
(tertiary
consumer)
Jackrabbit
(secondary
consumer)
Squirrel
(Primary
Consumer)
Fruits
4. bibliography
http://www.globio.org/glossopedia/article.aspx?art_id=3
http://a-z-animals.com/reference/temperate-forest/
http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/forest_eco.html
http://biology.about.com/od/landbiomes/a/aa052506a.htm
http://www.enotes.com/science/q-and-a/what-biome-288536
http://m.panda.org/about_our_earth/ecoregions/about/habitat_types/habitats/tempe
rate_forests/index.cfm
http://kids.nceas.ucsb.edu/biomes/temperateforest.html