UNEP, through its OzonAction Programme under the Division of Technology, Industry and Economics, is one of the four
Implementing Agencies that provides assistance to developing countries which are a Party to the Montreal Protocol on
Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (MP), also known as Article 5 countries. This assistance is geared to help A-5 countries meet their compliance requirements under the Protocol.
On a regional level, the CAP teams, with their proximity to the countries, are able to respond and provide assistance more quickly to the Parties. The regular interaction with country representatives enables the regional teams to identify the needs and develop regional or national initiatives to facilitate and expedite compliance with the MP measures. Furthermore, the constant flow of information between Paris and the Regional Offices enables the team to keep abreast with developments and the status of progress in all aspects of implementation thereby contributing to and ensuring productivity and efficiency.
Institutional Strengthening Project (ISP)
The main purpose of an ISP is to enable a Party to establish the necessary framework within the national government and put up a national focal point to address issues and activities related to the Montreal Protocol. The National Ozone Unit
(NOU) facilitates interaction between relevant partners and government bureaus as well as the implementation of activities. The ISP also enables the NOU, the relevant government representative/institution and other stakeholders to obtain and develop the necessary skills and understanding of the different procedures and issues relative to the Montreal
Protocol thus expediting and ensuring proper implementation and compliance. The NOU is also responsible for submitting all the reporting requirements for its ODS phase-out activities, particularly its annual ODS consumption data, to UNEP, the
Ozone Secretariat and the Multilateral Fund Secretariat.
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Methyl Bromide (MeBr) Phase out
The 1990 London Amendment to the Montreal Protocol added Methyl Bromide to the list of ODS to be phased out. The challenge is great as there is no single substance that can substitute for all Methyl Bromide applications. However, alternatives have been found for almost 90% of MeBr uses. UNEP has since assisted Parties with enabling activities to draft phase out plans, promote public awareness and increase country ownership of phase out efforts according to the
Montreal Protocol phase out schedule that scheduled the complete MeBr phase out to 2015
Furthermore, individual projects were specially prepared to facilitate the phase-out of the MB soil and structure fumigation uses except QPS uses. It includes training programme in MB alternative to national stakeholders, purchase of the necessary machinery for the implementation of the new technology and developing of policy tools and regulation mechanisms.
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Country Programme (CP) and Refrigerant Management Plan (RMP)
The CP/RMP were developed specifically as a strategy to phase out ODS in Low Volume ODS-Consuming countries (LVC
- Article 5 countries with a calculated level of ODS consumption less than 360 ODP tonnes per year), since almost all of the ODS in these countries is used as refrigerants in the refrigeration and air conditioning sector.
A typical RMP would entail a number of activities aimed at assisting the countries reduce their ODS consumption and emissions through various means, namely through the improvement of servicing practices in the refrigeration and airconditioning sector (RAC); the introduction of control mechanisms such as ODS import/export licensing systems, quotas for ODS imports and restrictions to import ODS containing equipment/goods, etc.
Regulations, economic incentives and disincentives, training and awareness-raising activities are also some of the tools used to help achieve these goals.
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Country Programme Update (CPU) and Refrigerant Management Plan Update (RMPU)
Upon completion of the Country Programme and the implementation of the projects specified under the RMP, the CAP

provides further assistance to the countries by updating their strategies and ODS phase-out plans through CP Updates and RMP Updates. The main purpose being to adequately reflect the evolution of situations in countries by adjusting the
ODS phase-out strategies as well as proposing new or additional activities to tackle the remaining ODS consumption.
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Terminal Phase-out Management Plan (TPMP)
As the MP enters the final compliance period between 2007-2010, requiring Parties to reduce by 85% and 100% respectively its ODS consumption, the CAP helps the Parties meet this obligation through the formulation and implementation of Terminal Phase-out Management Plans (TPMP). In terms of activities proposed therein, a TPMP is similar to an RMP or an RMPU, except that the TPMP allows for greater flexibility to re-adjust the activities during the implementation period to address - in real-time - the actual situation in the countries. Most of the TPMPs that have been approved contain investment and non-investment activities. The CBT provides policy advice and technical guidance in the formulation and implementation of the non-investment activities.
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HCFC Phase-out Management Plan (HPMP)
The XIX Meeting of Parties to the Montreal Protocol accelerated the HCFC phase-out schedule, and decided to direct the
Executive Committee of Multilateral Fund, in providing technical and financial assistance, to pay particular attention to
Article 5 Parties with low volume and very low volume consumption of ODSs in conducting surveys to improve reliability in establishing their baseline data on HCFCs as well as preparing national strategies to meet new requirements, so called
HPMPs.
The HPMPs set out a staged approach that allows the national strategy to be updated as new technologies are developed. Stage one of a country’s HPMP would address meeting the baseline freeze for HCFCs in 2013 and the 10 per cent reduction in 2015. For countries with HCFC consumption in the refrigeration servicing sector the elaboration of stage one of the HPMP and subsequent stages would be the continuation of the TPMP/RMP. For countries with manufacturing sectors using HCFCs, HPMPs would address reductions in consumption to implement investment projects in advance of completion of the HPMP.
Countries and implementing agencies are encouraged not only to take account of the ozone depleting potential of HCFCs but also the global warming implications of alternative substances and technologies and exploit any potential financial incentives and opportunities for additional resources.
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RMP/TPMP/HPMP components
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National/Regional Training Workshop on Control and Monitoring of ODS
On a regional level these workshops help and explain how to develop national ODS licensing systems to ozone, customs officers and relevant government officers in the region. These also serve as venues for the countries in the region to exchange experiences and learn from one another on the approach and development of their respective systems as well as the challenges to expect and how to address them. This facilitates countries to develop an action plan, including the drafting and approval of ODS legislation. Regional workshops shall aim to sensitize customs officers on ozone issues and their country's commitments visà-vis the Montreal Protocol.
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National policy development of ODS legislation and Custom Training Programmes to prevent ODS illegal trade
This follows regional workshops on control and monitoring to help ozone officers inform and consult decisionmakers and other stakeholders to ensure both their involvement and support for the implementation of ODS legislation, mainly license and quota system to control imports of ODS and ODS based technology.
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On a national level, the ODS legislation/import licensing system should first be signed into law before any customs training can be conducted. Once legislation is enacted, the activities can then take place. The training also focuses on the implementation of national ODS legislation and the prevention of illegal trade in ODS. The
Custom Officers are provided with the necessary skills and equipment (refrigerant gas identifiers) to help them conduct inspections efficiently and follow the required proper procedures when dealing with ODS shipment.

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National training programmes on good practices in refrigeration and ODS Recycling & Recovery programmes
These are training workshops to raise awareness of refrigeration technicians (both from the formal and informal sectors) on ozone issues and sensitize them on their vital contribution in the fight to protect the ozone layer.
Refrigeration technicians receive training on good servicing and containment practices to ensure that leakage of refrigerants is avoided during servicing. They are also made aware of the latest technologies and ODS alternatives available in the market to enable a smooth sectoral transition to non-ODS technologies.
Other important goal is to establish a national recovery and recycling (R&R) network for refrigerants to reduce the need for virgin refrigerants. R&R programmes are established once licensing systems are operational.
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National Codes of Good Practices and Certification and Licensing of Refrigeration Technicians
The National Ozone Officer, in co-operation with the national refrigeration association and other stakeholders, develop and adopt a code of good practices in refrigeration servicing as well as certification and licensing procedures for trained technicians. Promoting the use of good operation, maintenance and servicing practices in refrigeration through training, and technical information is main target of this approach.
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Implementation, Monitoring and Control
It is intended to ensure the success of the action plan within the plan, and consequently, enable the country to comply with all its obligations under the Montreal Protocol. This is done through 5 undertakings: timely implementation of all the initiatives within the work plan, regular monitoring of project results and objectives, provision of technical guidance to the project beneficiaries when and as necessary, production of periodic reports on project activities and results in order to facilitate corrective actions, and the production of timely progress reports to the national authorities and the Implementing Agencies
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