A&P 1 Exam 3
Fall 2011
Russo
Matching Questions
Figure 11.1
Using Figure 11.1, match the following:
1) Which neuron would connect to a muscle?
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Tbl. 11.1
2) Which neuron would be found in the retina of the eye?
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Tbl. 11.1
3) Which neuron is a sensory neuron found in a reflex arc?
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Tbl. 11.1
4) Which neuron is never myelinated?
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Tbl. 11.1
5) Which neuron is rare?
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 393; Tbl. 11.1
Figure 11.2
Using Figure 11.2, match the following:
6) Ion channel.
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 409; Fig. 11.17
7) Synaptic vesicles.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 409; Fig. 11.17
8) Calcium ions.
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 409; Fig. 11.17
9) Postsynaptic membrane.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 409; Fig. 11.17
10) Synaptic cleft.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 409; Fig. 11.17
Match the following:
A) Action potential
B) Depolarization
C) Absolute refractory period
D) Relative refractory period
E) Repolarization
11) The neuron cannot respond to a second stimulus, no matter how strong.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 404
12) The interior of the cell becomes less negative due to an influx of sodium ions.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 398
13) The specific period during which potassium ions diffuse out of the neuron due to a
change in membrane permeability.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 402
14) Also called a nerve impulse transmitted by axons.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 399
15) An exceptionally strong stimulus can trigger a response.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 404
Answers: 11) C 12) B 13) E 14) A 15) D
True/False Questions
16) The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole
nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 404
17) Efferent nerve fibers may be described as motor nerve fibers.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 386
18) Cell bodies of sensory neurons may be located in ganglia lying outside the central
nervous system.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 394
19) Myelination of the nerve fibers in the central nervous system is the job of the
oligodendrocyte.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 389
20) During depolarization, the inside of the neuron's membrane becomes less negative.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 398
21) Large-diameter nerve fibers conduct impulses much faster than small-diameter fibers.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 404-405
22) The nodes of Ranvier are found only on myelinated, peripheral neuron processes.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 391-392
Multiple-Choice Questions
23) Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes?
A) support and brace neurons
B) anchor neurons to blood vessels
C) guide the migration of young neurons, synapse formation, and helping to determine
capillary permeability
D) control the chemical environment around neurons
E) provide the defense for the CNS
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 388
24) Which of the choices below describes the ANS?
A) motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac
muscle, and glands
B) motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles
C) sensory neurons that convey information from somatic receptors in the head, body
wall, and limbs and from receptors from the special senses of vision, hearing, taste, and
smell to the CNS
D) sensory and motor neurons that supply the digestive tract
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 386; Fig. 11.2
25) The sheath of Schwann is also called the ________.
A) myelin sheath
B) axolemma
C) neurilemma
D) white matter
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 391-392
26) Bipolar neurons are commonly ________.
A) motor neurons
B) called neuroglial cells
C) found in ganglia
D) found in the retina of the eye
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 392; Tbl. 11.1
27) Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons
innervating skeletal muscle?
A) cholinesterase
B) norepinephrine
C) acetylcholine
D) gamma aminobutyric acid
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 415; Tbl. 11.3
28) The period after an initial stimulus when a neuron is not sensitive to another stimulus
is the ________.
A) resting period
B) repolarization
C) depolarization
D) absolute refractory period
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 404
29) What is the role of acetylcholinesterase?
A) act as a transmitting agent
B) amplify or enhance the effect of ACh
C) destroy ACh a brief period after its release by the axon endings
D) stimulate the production of serotonin
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 415; Tbl. 11.3
20) Which of the following is not a chemical class of neurotransmitters?
A) acetycholine
B) amino acid
C) biogenic amine
D) ATP and other purines
E) nucleic acid
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 415; Tbl. 11.3
Matching Questions
Figure 9.1
Using Figure 9.1, match the following:
31) Endomysium.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 277; Fig. 9.1
32) Fascicle.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 277; Fig. 9.1
33) The tissue that binds muscles into functional groups.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 277; Fig. 9.1
34) Perimysium.
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 277; Fig. 9.1
35) Muscle fiber.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 277; Fig. 9.1
Figure 9.2
Using Figure 9.2, match the following:
36) I band.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 280; Fig. 9.2
37) H zone.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 280; Fig. 9.2
38) A band.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 280; Fig. 9.2
39) Z disc.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 280; Fig. 9.2
40) M line.
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 280; Fig. 9.2
Match the following:
A) Calcium ions
B) Creatine phosphate
C) Sodium-potassium ions
D) Acetylcholine
E) Acetylcholinesterase
41) Serves as the actual "trigger" for muscle contraction by removing the inhibition of the
troponin molecules.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 288; Fig. 9.11
42) A neurotransmitter released at motor end plates by the axon terminals.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 285
43) Diffusion across the cell membrane results in depolarization.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 285, 289
44) Activate synaptic vesicles in axon terminals.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 288; Fig. 9.8
45) Used to convert ADP to ATP by transfer of a high-energy phosphate group. A reserve
high-energy compound.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 297-298
46) Destroys ACh.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 285
Answers: 41) A 42) D 43) C 44) A 45) B 46) E
True/False Questions
47) Once a motor neuron has fired, all the muscle fibers in a muscle contract.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 289
48) The thin filaments (actin) contain a polypeptide subunit G actin that bears active sites
for myosin attachment.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 281
49) The force of muscle contraction is controlled by multiple motor unit summation or
recruitment.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 295
50) Eccentric contractions are more forceful than concentric contractions.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 296
51) A motor neuron and all the muscle cells that it stimulates are referred to as a motor
end plate.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 289
52) An increase in the calcium ion level in the sarcoplasm starts the sliding of the thin
filaments. When the level of calcium ions declines, sliding stops.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 288-289
53) Muscle contraction will always promote movement of body parts regardless of how
they are attached.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 276
54) Muscle tone is the small amount of tautness or tension in the muscle due to weak,
involuntary contractions of its motor units.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 296
Multiple-Choice Questions
55) What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles?
A) Tropomyosin is the name of a contracting unit.
B) Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the myosin binding sites on
the actin molecules.
C) Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the actin binding sites on
the myosin molecules.
D) Tropomyosin is the receptor for the motor neuron neurotransmitter.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 281
56) Fatigued muscle cells that recover rapidly are the products of ________.
A) intense exercise of long duration
B) intense exercise of short duration
C) slow exercise of long duration
D) slow exercise of short duration
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 299-300
57) The strongest muscle contractions are normally achieved by ________.
A) increasing stimulus above the threshold
B) increasing stimulus above the treppe stimulus
C) increasing the stimulation up to the maximal stimulus
D) recruiting small and medium muscle fibers
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 295
58) Excitation-contraction coupling requires which of the following substances?
A) Ca2+ and ATP
B) Ca2+ only
C) ATP only
D) ATP and glucose
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 288; Fig. 9.11
59) Which of the following is a factor that affects the velocity and duration of muscle
contraction?
A) number of muscle fibers stimulated
B) size of the muscle fibers stimulated
C) load on the fiber
D) muscle length
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 302-303
60) Immediately following the arrival of the stimulus at a skeletal muscle cell there is a
short period called the ________ period during which the events of excitation-contraction
coupling occur.
A) contraction
B) relaxation
C) latent
D) refractory
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 293
Xtra Credit (1 point each)
1) Select the correct statement regarding synapses.
A) Cells with interconnected cytoplasm are chemically coupled.
B) The release of neurotransmitter molecules gives cells the property of being electrically
coupled.
C) Neurotransmitter receptors are located on the axons of cells.
D) The synaptic cleft prevents an impulse from being transmitted directly from one
neuron to another.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 407-408
2) A second nerve impulse cannot be generated until ________.
A) the membrane potential has been reestablished
B) the Na ions have been pumped back into the cell
C) proteins have been resynthesized
D) all sodium gates are closed
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 399
3) In what way does the interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting (nonconducting)
neuron differ from the external environment? The interior is ________.
A) positively charged and contains less sodium
B) negatively charged and contains less sodium
C) negatively charged and contains more sodium
D) positively charged and contains more sodium
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 396
4) Which of the following would be recruited later in muscle stimulation when contractile
strength increases?
A) motor units with the longest muscle fibers
B) many small motor units with the ability to stimulate other motor units
C) large motor units with small, highly excitable neurons
D) motor units with larger, less excitable neurons
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 295-296
5) Which of the following statements is most accurate?
A) Muscle tension remains relatively constant during isotonic contraction.
B) T tubules may be sliding during isotonic contraction.
C) The I band lengthens during isotonic contraction.
D) Myofilaments slide during isometric contractions.
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 296