daftar pustaka

advertisement
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
AOCS. 2005. The official methods and recommended practices of the AOCS.
Edisi 5. American Oil Chemists Society.
ASTM standard D 445. 2003. Standard test method for kinematic viscosity of
transparent and opaque liquids. West Conshohocken PA. ASTM Int.
[BSN] Badan Standarisasi Nasional. 2006. Standar Nasional Indonesia No. 047182-2006 tentang biodiesel. Jakarta. BSN.
[BSN] Badan Standarisasi Nasional. 1998. Standar Nasional Indonesia No. 013555-1998 tentang cara uji minyak dan lemak. Jakarta. BSN.
Barrows FT, Gaylord TG, Sealey WM, Haas MJ, Stroup RL. 2008. Processing
soybean meal for biodiesel production: effect of new processing method on
growth performance of rainboe trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss. Aquaculture 283:
141-147.
Bernardo A, Howard-Hildige R, O'Connel A, Nichol R, Ryan J, Rice B, Roche E,
Leahy JJ. 2003. Camelina oil as a fuel for diesel transport engines. Industrial
Crops and Products. 17:191 – 197.
Bozbas K. 2005. Biodiesel as an alternative motor fuel: Production and policies in
the European Union. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 1 – 12.
Canakci M, Sanli H. 2008. Biodiesel production from various feedstocks and their
effects on the fuel properties. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 35:431–441.
Canakci M, Van Gerpen J. 2001. Biodiesel production from oils and fats with
high free fatty acids. Trans ASAE. 44(6):1429-1436.
Canakci M, Van Gerpen J. 2003. A pilot plant to produce biodiesel from high free
fatty acid feedstocks. Trans ASAE. 46(4):945–54.
Chanrai NG, Burde SG. 24 Aug 2004. Recovery of oil from spent bleaching earth.
US Patent 6780321.
Cheng SF, Choo YM, Ma AN, Chuah CH. 2004. Kinetics study on
transesterification of palm oil. J Oil Palm Res. 16:19-29.
Chongkhong S, Tongurai C, Chetpattananondh P, Bunyakan C. 2007. Biodiesel
production by esterification of palm fatty acid distillate. Biomass Bioenerg.
31:563–568.
Choo YM. 2004. Transesterification of palm oil: Effect of reaction parameters. J
Oil Palm Res. 16(2):1-11
63
Darnoko D, Cheryan M. 2000. Kinetics of palm oil transesterification in a batch
reactor. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 77(12):1263-1267.
Ehimen EA, Sun ZF, Carrington CG. 2010. Variabel affecting the in situ
transesterification of microalgae lipids. Fuel 89: 677-684.
Freedman B, Pryde EH, Mounts TL. 1984. Variables affecting the yields of fatty
esters from transesterified vegetable oils. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 61:1638-1643.
Fukuda H, Kondo A, Noda H. 2001. Review: Biodiesel fuel production by
transesterification of oils. J Biosci Bioeng. 92 (5):405-416.
Georgogianni KG, Kontominas MG, Pomonis PJ, Avlonitis D, Gergis V. 2008.
Conventional and in situ transesterification of sunflower seed oil for
production of biodiesel. Fuel Process Technol. 89:503-509.
Gunstone FD, Harwood JL, Padley FB. 1994. The Lipid Handbook, 2nd ed.
London. Chapman & Hall.
Haas MJ, Scott KM, Marmer WN, Foglia TA. 2004. In situ alkaline
transesterification: An effective method for the production of fatty acid ester
from vegetable oils. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 81:83-89.
Haas MJ, Scott KM. 2007. Moisture removal substantially improves the
efficiency of in situ biodiesel production from soybeans. J Am Oil Chem Soc.
84:197-204.
Harrington KJ, D'Arcy-Evan C. 1985. A comparison of conventional and in situ
methods of transesterification of seed oil from a series of sunflower cultivar. J
Am Oil Chem Soc. 62:1009-1013.
Hu J, Du Z, Li C, Min E. 2005. Study on the lubrication properties of biodiesel as
fuel lubricity enhancers. Fuel. 84:1601-1606.
Kaimal TNB, Vijayalakshmi P, Laximi AA, Ramakinga B. 22 Agustus 2002,
Process for simultaneous conversion of adsorbed oil to alkyl esters and
regeneration of commercial spent bleaching earth for reuse. US Patent
0115875.
Kalam MA, Masjuki HH. 2002. Biodiesel from palm oil: An analysis of its
properties and potential. Biomass Bioenerg 23:471-479.
Ketaren S. 1986. Pengantar Minyak dan Lemak Pangan. Jakarta. UI Press.
Kheang LS, Cheng SF, Choo YM, Ma AN. 2006a. A study of residual oils
recovery from spent bleaching earth: Their characteristics and applications.
Am J App Sci. 3(10):2063-2067.
64
Kheang LS, Choo YM, Cheng SF, Ma AN. 2006b. Recovery and conversion of
palm olein-derived used frying oil to methyl esters for biodiesel. J Oil Palm
Res. 18:247-252.
Kildiran G, Ozgul-Yucel S, Turkay S. 1996. In situ alcoholysis of soybean oil. J
Am Oil Chem Soc. 73:225-228.
Kirk-Othmer. 1980. Encyclopedia of chemical technology. 3rd ed. Vol 11. New
York. NY: John Wiley and Sons.
Knothe G. 2002. Structure indices in FA chemistry. How relevant is the iodine
value?. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 79(9):847-854.
Knothe G. 2005. Dependence of biodiesel fuel properties on the structure of fatty
acid alkyl ester. Fuel Process Technol. 86:1059– 1070.
Knothe G. 2010. Biodiesel: Current trends and properties. Top Catal. 53:714-720.
Knothe G, Steidley KR. 2005 Kinematic viscosity of biodiesel fuel components
and related compounds. Influence of compound structure and comparison to
petrodiesel fuel components. Fuel. 84:1059-1065.
Lee KT, Foglia TA, Chang KS. 2002. Production of alkyl ester as biodiesel from
fractionated lard and restaurant grease. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 79(2):191-195.
Lee CG, Seng CE, Liew KY. 2000. Solvent efficiency for oil extraction from
spent bleaching clay. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 77(11):1219-1222.
Lei H, Ding X, Zhang H, Chen X, Li Y, Zhang H, Wang Z. 2010. In situ
production of fatty acid methyl ester from low quality rice brand: An
economical route for biodiesel production. Fuel. 89:1475-1479.
Lim BP, Manian GP, Abd Hamid S. 2009. Biodiesel from adsorbed oil on spent
leaching clay using CaO as a heterogeneous catalyst. Europ J Sci Res.
33(2):347-357.
Marinkovic SS, Tomasevic A. 1998. Transesterification of sunflower oil in situ.
Fuel. 77(12):1389-1391.
Noureddini H, Zhu D. 1997. Kinetic of transesterification of soybean oil. J Am Oil
Chem Soc. 74:1457-1463.
Ozgul-Yucel S, Turkay S. 1993. In situ esterification of rice bran oil with
methanol and ethanol. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 70:145-147.
Ozgul-Yucel S, Turkay S. 2002. Variables affecting the yields of methyl esters
derived from in situ esterification of rice bran oil. J Am Oil Chem Soc.
79(6):611-614.
65
Ozgul-Yucel S, Turkay S. 2003. FA Monoalkylesters from rice bran oil by in situ
esterification. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 80: 81-84.
Pakpahan A. 2001. Palm biodiesel: Its potency, technology, business prospect,
and environmental implication in indonesia. Dalam Sahirman 2009.
Perancangan proses produksi biodiesel dari minyak biji nyamplung
(Calopyllum inophyllum). Disertasi. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Pokharkar RD, Funde PE, Joshi SS, Pingale SS. 2008. Synthesis and
characterization of fatty acid methyl ester by in situ transesterification in
Capparis Deciduas seed. Leonardo Elect J Prac Technol. 13:12-18.
Pratas MJ, Freitas S, Oliveira MB, Monteiro SC, Lima AS, Coutinho JAP. 2010.
Densities and Viscosities of Fatty Acid Methyl and Ethyl Esters. J Chem Eng
Data. 55:3983-3990.
Qian J, Wang F, Liu S, Yun Z. 2008. In situ alkaline transesterification of
cottonseed oil for production of biodiesel and nontoxic cottonseed meal.
Bioresour Technol. 99:9009-9012.
Sharma YC, Singh B, Upadhyay SN. 2008. Advancements in development and
characterization of biodiesel: A review. Fuel. 87(12):2355-2373.
Shiu PJ, Gunawan S, Hsieh WH, Kasim NS, Ju YH. 2010. Biodiesel production
from rice bran by a two-step in situ process. Bioresour Technol. 101:984-989.
Shuit SH, Lee KT, Kamaruddin AH, Yusup S. 2010. Reactive extraction and in
situ esterification of Jatropha Curcas L. seeds for the production of biodiesel.
Fuel. 89:527-530.
Sibarani J, Khairi S, Yoeswono, Wijaya K, Tahir I. 2007. Effect of empty bunch
ash on transesterification of palm oil into biodiesel. Indo J Chem. 7(3):314319.
Stell RGD, Torrie JH. 1993. Prinsip dan prosedur statistika. Jakarta. Gramedia
Pustaka Utama.
Van Gerpen J. 2005. Biodiesel processing and production. Fuel Process Technol.
86:1097-1107.
Wang Y, Ou S, Liu P, Zhang Z. 2007. Preparation of biodiesel from waste
cooking oil via two-step catalyzed process. Energy Convers Manage. 48:184188.
Wyatt VT, Haas MJ. 2009. Production of fatty acid methyl esters via the in situ
transesterification of soybean oil in carbon dioxide-expanded methanol. J Am
Oil Chem Soc. 86:1009-1016.
Zeng J, Wang X, Zhao B, Sun J. Wang Y. 2009. Rapid in situ transesterification
of sunflower oil. Ind Eng Chem Res. 48:850-856.
66
Zhang Y, Dubé MA, McLean DD, Kates M. 2003. Biodiesel production from
waste cooking oil: 1. Process design and technological assessment. Bioresour
Technol. 89:1-16.
Zhansheng W, Chun L, Xifang S, Xiaolin X, Bin D, Jin'e L, Hongsheng Z. 2006.
Characterization, acid activation and bleaching performance of bentonite from
Xinjiang. Chinese J Chem Eng 14 (2):253-258.
Download