Review Questions on Systems of the Body
Mrs. Ashley
Name _______________________________________________
Skeletal System:
__________ 20. The condition that affects the skeletal system resulting in reduced bone density and
bone mass, often as a result of reduced estrogen levels is _________
A.
B.
C.
D.
osteomyelitis
arthritis
osteoarthritis
osteoporosis
__________ 21. . The bone that forms near the cheeks of the head is called
A.
B.
C.
D.
lachrymal bone
parietal bone
zygomatic bone
frontal bone
__________ 22. The adult skeleton has this number of bones
A.
B.
C.
D.
126
206
310
216
_________ 23. What is the name for the part of the skeleton that is the arms and legs?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Appendicular Skeleton
Perpendicular Skeleton
Axial Skeleton
None of the above
_________ 24. The humerus is an example of
A.
B.
C.
D.
_
short bone
cartilage
irregular bone
long bone
________ 25. The ear lobe is an example of
A.
B.
C.
D.
Short bone
Cartilage
irregular bone
long bone
_________ 26. The fontanels in the baby' s head allows for
A.
B.
C.
D.
growth of the brain
less injury
sutures to form
none of the above
_________ 27. This structure allows the ribs to expand when breathing
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sternum
Costal Cartilage
False ribs
Thoracic vertebrae
_________ 28. This type of fracture is seen most often in sports injuries
A.
B.
C.
D.
compound fracture
spiral fracture
hinge fracture
simple fracture
_________ 29. This is where white blood cells are made
A.
B.
C.
D.
yellow marrow
red marrow
cartilage
epiphysis
_________ 30. This type of bone is helpful in reducing the overall weight of the skeletal system
A.
B.
C.
D.
compact bone
red marrow
yellow marrow
spongy bone
_________ 31. Which of the following is NOT important in bone development
A.
B.
C.
D.
weight bearing exercise
physical exercise
vitamin A
iron
Digestive System and Diabetes
__________ 1. The purpose of insulin in the body is to
A. regulate the amount of food that is used by cells of the body
B. makes sure that the sugar levels of the blood are at a reasonable level
C. allows the body to uptake glucose from the blood
D. all of the above
_________ 2. The organ that secretes the hormone insulin is
A. gall bladder
B. liver
C. pancreas
D. stomach
__________ 3. Type I diabetes is
A. when the body does not produce insulin
B. something that happens late in life
C. when the body does not produce enough insulin
D. when there is insulin resistance
__________ 4. Chemical digestion begins
A. in the stomach
B. in the small intestine
C. in the liver
D. in the mouth
__________ 5. Some enzymes in the stomach
A. need hydrochloric acid to be effective in digestion
B. are used to line the stomach
C. produce insulin
D. none of the answers are correct
__________ 6. Insulin is produced in
A. the liver
B. the Islet of Langerhans
C. the small intestine
D. the stomach
_________ 7. Type II Diabetes can be helped by
A. losing weight
B. exercise
C. controlling diet
D. All of the above
__________ 8. Physical digestion begins in
A. the mouth
B. the stomach
C. on the plate
D. in the small intestine
_________ 9. Absorption of food takes place
A. in the mouth
B. in the stomach
C. in the small intestine
D. in the blood stream
_________ 10. Type II diabetes accounts for
A. 5 % of all diabetes cases
B. 50% of all diabetes cases
C. 70-75% of all diabetes cases
D. 90-95% of all diabetes cases
_________ 11. Type II diabetes is characterized by low production of insulin and
A. no insulin
B. insulin resistance
C. hypoglycemia
D. cancer
_________ 12. Diabetes can cause damage
A. to small blood vessels
B. to large blood vessels
C. to the heart
D. all of the above
_________ 13. The exocrine function of the pancreas is related to
A. digestion
B. releasing hormones
C. insulin production
D. none of the above
_________ 14. Glucagon
A. digests sugar
B. makes the body absorb more sugar
C. raises the sugar level in the body
D. is secreted by the liver
_________ 15. Chronic pancreatitis may be caused by
A. drinking too much water
B. heavy use of alcohol
C. mumps
D. none of the above
_________ 16. A test to find out if a patient has diabetes is
A. echocardiogram
B. T test
C. glucose in urine
D. EEG
_________ 17. The correct balance of diet for type II diabetes is
A. 50 percent protein; 25 percent fat; 25 percent carbohydrate
B 60 percent protein; 25 percent fat; 15 percent carbohydrate
C. 10 percent protein; 30 percent fat; 60 percent carbohydrate
D. 25 percent protein; 15 percent fat; 60 percent carbohydrate
_________ 18. A symptom of diabetes is
A. blurred vision
B. frequent urination
C. loss of weight
D. all of the above
________ 19. A serious complication of diabetes is loss of limbs such as a foot. The primary cause is
A. loss of blood to the leg
B. an injury that doesn't heal properly
C. broken bone
D. none of the above
Short answer: What are three things you can do to help prevent type II diabetes?
20
21
22.
What is Gestational Diabetes?
23-24.
Muscular System
__________ 1. Muscle tissue in the arms that help to allow your arm to move is called _________
A.
B.
C.
D.
smooth muscle tissue
cardiac muscle tissue
neural muscle tissue
skeletal muscle
__________ 2. When using a compound microscope to look at slides it is important to know that images
should first be found with the __________
A.
B.
C.
D.
course adjustment
fine adjustment
naked eye
mirror
__________ 3. One of the functions of the muscular system is
A.
B.
C.
D.
for protection and regulation of body temperature
for production of white blood cells
for releasing of toxins
for regulation of salts in the body
__________ 4. When exercising, the cause of a burning sensation in the muscles is caused by
A.
B.
C.
D.
lactic acid accumulation in the muscle
a depletion of ATP and creatine phosphate
lack of enough oxygen
all of the above
__________ 5. This type of muscle is involuntary and has one nucleus per cell
A.
B.
C.
D.
skeletal
smooth
cardiac
Epidermal
__________ 6. The nerve cells that stimulate the muscles are called
A. excitors
B. motor neurons
C. extensors
D. stimulating neurons
__________ 7. Precise control of muscle movements, such as the eye are controlled by
A.
B.
C.
D.
small motor units
extensive neurons
large motor units
none of the above
__________ 8. The term for some motor units that are active is called
A.
B.
C.
D.
muscle tension
atrophy
hypertrophy
muscle tone
__________ 9. When you bend your arm at the elbow so that your wrist is closer to your shoulder, this
is
A. rotation around a ball and socket joint
B. deflection
C. flexion
D. extension
_________ 10. The ability of a muscle to be shorten when enough stimulated is applied is called
A.
B.
C.
D.
contractility
elasticity
extensibility
sensitivity
_________ 11. This type of muscle tissue appears striated under the microscope and is involuntary
A. skeletal muscle
B. Smooth muscle
C. Cardiac muscle
D. none of the muscle types
_________ 12. Which of the following is not a place of attachment for muscle tissue?
A.
B.
C.
D.
tendons
cartilage
other bones
connective tissue coverings
_________ 13. What is the movement of a body part toward the midline of the body called?
A. adduction
B. Abduction
C. rotation
D. pronation
_________ 14. What type of exercise increase muscle mass or size?
A.
B.
C.
D.
isometric
isotonic
aerobic
anaerobic
Short answer:
List three of the function of muscles:
15. _________________________________________________________
16. _________________________________________________________
17. _________________________________________________________
What is the purpose in terms of muscle function for the striations of the skeletal muscle?
18 _____________________________________________________________________
Microbes and Human Health
__________ 1. Spherical shaped bacteria are called
A. Cocci
B. Spirilli
C. Bacilli
D. round
__________ 2. This type of organism has no known cure yet and is alive only when it multiplies in the
nervous tissue is
A. virus
B. bacterium
C. prion
D. protozoa
__________ 3. The three forms (shapes) of bacteria are:
A. Cocci, Bacilli, Spirila
B. Virus, Prion, Bacteria
C. Specimen, Streptococci, Diplococci
D. Inoculated, Incubated, and sequel
__________ 4. Most Bacteria found in the world _________
A.
B.
C.
D.
are contagious to humans
are pathogenic
are not harmful
are spirilla
__________ 5. Scientists collect data during an experiment in order to _______
A.
B.
C.
D.
compare a control group to an experimental group
formulate more information in order to design the next experiment
test the hypotheses
all of the above
__________ 6. Something that is used to heal a patient with a bacterial infection is called
A.
B.
C.
D.
antiviral medication
antibiotic medication
vaccination
antifungal medication
__________ 7. This helps the body to fight possible infection by causing the immune system to create
antigens to fight off future infections of a specific disease
A. antibiotic
B. MRSA
C. vaccination
D. sterilization
__________ 8. The experiment with the growth of bacteria on the nutrient agar in biopaddles shows
that
A. Bacteria and fungus are found in large numbers in most places
B. Hand washing is important
C. The bacteria that are present are not able to be seen with the naked eye
D. All of the above
A scientist wants to learn about the effectiveness of a certain antiseptic soap in killing bacteria when
used to clean wounds. She exposes biopaddles to common bacteria found in an office, then places a
sterile disk soaked in the antiseptic on a central location on the biopaddles. She also places a disk
soaked in sterile water on another biopaddle given the same treatment. She observes the growth of
bacteria over several weeks, measuring the area around the disks that do not contain any bacterial
colonies.
__________ 9. In the experiment above what is the independent variable?
A. The amount of bacterial colony growth around the disks
B. The antiseptic being tested
C. The control group
D. The experimental group
_________ 10. In the experiment about what is the control group?
A. The biopaddle with the sterile water on the disk
B. There is no control group in this experiment
C. The biopaddle with the disk with antiseptic on it
_________ 11. Which of the following does not help to stop the spread of disease?
A. vaccinations
B. isolation of patients who are contagious
C. proper hand washing
D. sharing needles
_________ 12. What is meant by vector transmission of a disease?
A. disease is spread from skin to skin contact
B. disease is spread by unprotected sex
C. disease is spread when no vaccination is given
D. disease is spread by the bite of an insect or other organism such as a mosquito
_________ 13. Bacteria that are long chains of spheres are called
A. diplococci
B. staphylococci
C. streptococci
D. tetrad
_________ 14. Please look at the picture of the organism below. What is a disease that would have
these spiral shaped organisms?
A. Lyme disease
B. MRSA
C. Staph infection
D. AIDS
_________ 15. What is epidemiology?
A. The study of what germs cause disease and how to develop vaccines for them
B. The study of how disease spreads through a population and how to stop the spread of that
disease
C. The development of preventions and precautions
D. None of the above
_______ 16. The correct name for whooping cough is __________
A.
B.
C.
D.
pertussis
croup
COPD
corya
Short answer
Please give the best answers for the questions below.
16-17. What are two ways to stop the spread of HIV/AIDS
a.
b.
18-19. Name two ways in which bacteria are helpful.
a.
b.
20. What is the purpose of having a control group in an experiment? (The biopaddle that was never
opened or exposed in our experiment was the control group.)
Excretory System
________ 1. The Urinary System has the function of ________
A.
B.
C.
D.
removing nitrogenous wastes
regulating the chemical content of the body
releasing urine
All of the above
________ 2. The difference between diffusion and osmosis is _________
A.
In diffusion, substances move from areas of higher concentration to lesser concentration
and in osmosis it is the opposite
B. In diffusion, substances move from areas of lesser concentration to higher concentration
and in osmosis it is the opposite
C. In diffusion, substances move from areas of higher concentration to lesser concentration
without a membrane and is osmosis it is the same, but with going through a membrane
D. In diffusion, substances move from areas of higher concentration to lesser concentration
through a membrane, and in osmosis it is the same, but without going through a membrane
What are the four main excretory organs of the body?
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. What is the name of the tube that allows urine to leave the body? _____________________
8. Describe nephrons and their role in excretion
9. What is urea?
10. What are the excretory product s of the respiratory system?
STUDY ITEMS
List two diseases of each of the following systems:
Respiratory
Digestive
Excretory
Muscular
Skeletal
Integumentary (skin)
Reproductive
Nervous
Circulatory
Endocrine (Hormonal system)
Know the major organs for each of the systems:
Circulatory: heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, and blood, plasma
Digestive: Mouth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, small intestine, large
intestine, colon, rectum, anus, gall bladder
Nervous: brain, nerves, neurons, central nervous system, parietal nervous system; autonomic nervous
system; sympathetic nervous division (part of autonomic and is the fight or flight response);
parasympathetic nervous division (part of automonic and controls body at rest such as heart beat)
Respiratory: mouth, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, diaphragm, lungs, hemoglobin, red blood
cells
Excretory: kidney, nephrons, glomerulus, urethra, ureter, lung, liver, and skin
Integumentary: Skin; dermis, epidermis, hair follicle,
Reproductive: penis, testes, semen, ovaries, fallopian tube, uterus, vagina, cervix, ova
Endocrine: pituitary gland, hypothalamus gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, thymus gland,
pancreas, adrenal glands, pineal gland, testes, ovaries
Skeletal:
Muscular: