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(Words which are in black colour and underlined should be used in your write up to observe the direction of
study)
Words which are in black color and not underlined are the instructions for write-up should be followed in your
write up to observe the direction of study)
Topic: Sale Forecasting of Merck Pharma Company
Author 1: First name
Middle name (if any)
Last name,
Institution/Organization
Email Optional:
Author 2: First name
Middle name (if any)
Last name
Author 3: First name
Middle name (if any)
Last name
Institution/Organization
Email Optional:
Author 4: First name
Middle name (if any)
Last name
Institution/Organization
Email Optional:
and
Author 5: First name
Middle name (if any)
Last name
Institution/Organization
Email Optional:
ABSTRACT
This study aims to examines/investigate/focuses…………….…… (2-3 sentences-No references should be there)
……………………………………………… (1-2 sentences about topic of study- No references should be there)
Literature Review
……………………………………………..……..……… (2-3 sentences-No references should be there)
Methods
Data was collected through primary sources/secondary sources/study of previous studies………………………
………………………………..………………………………………….… (2-3 sentences-No references should be there)
Conclusion
This study reveals /shows/finds out that……………………… (2-3 sentences-No references should be there)
Suggestions
Finally recommendations are made to improve……………… (2-3 sentences-No references should be there)
Purpose
Introduction
Keywords:
1. INTRODUCTION
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1. 1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM
(Write minimum round about one page- 400 words- 4-10 references should be there - only last name of all
authors, year of publication like: Herani, 2011; Herani, Rajar, 2011; from book, magazine etc like: Herani,
2012:10 [Here 10 is page number])
Remember that the Introduction discusses the problem. The review of literature should concentrate on solutions
(those that exist, those that are still required).
1.1.1
Justification/ Reasons Of Doing This Study/ Rationale Behind The Research
(Show the gape which is the lacking /reason of study………………….. It should be only one paragraph- Write only 510 sentence-No references should be there)
…………………………That is why; researcher wants to conduct research on following problem.
“Identifying factors influencing the role of nursing profession in Pakistani society”
(Replace it with your title /topic)
Therefore the research question and problem statement are given as under:
1.1.2
Research Question
(Write only 1 sentence-No references should be there, like: Example-1: “What was the most important cause
of America’s increased involvement in the Vietnam War during the 1960s?”
Example-2: Are Telecom Foreign Direct Investment, real Per Capita GDP and Cellular Subscribers perceived major
factors to Tele-density growth?
1.1.3 Problem/Thesis Statement
Write only 1 sentence-No references should be there, like: Example-1: The escalation of the Vietnam War
during the 1960s was caused primarily by America’s anti-Communist foreign policy
Example-2: Tele-density growth is significantly influenced by FDI, real Per Capita GDP Income and Number of
Cellular Subscribers.)
1.2
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Write only 5-10 sentence-No references should be there)
There are some gapes as described in justification. In this some question are arising like………………………
The answers to such questions are still being debated.
Therefore study needs to be carried out to examine the ………………………………….
With the help of primary /secondary data, as it will more light on the problem of present study, that is attempted
in this study.
1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
(Write only 1-10 sentence-No references should be there, like write scope of you topic like sample given bellow)
 This study will be helpful for new researcher to know the role of ……………………………………
 This study will be helpful to the people to know about the real picture of………………………….
 This study will be helpful to understand the current conditions and situations of ………………………………………….
 This study will be helpful for …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……..
 This study will be helpful to develop the strategies to promote the ………………………………………………………………
 This study will accelerate to meet the increasing …………………………………………………………………………………………….
 This study will be helpful to business man, policy makers, customers and government to promote it for
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
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
This study heartily wishes to focus on ---------------------------------------------Therefore researcher emphasized the need……………………………………………………
Therefore main objective is:
“To find out the influencing factors ………………………………………… (make it from main title of the research/topic)”
This study will be carried out under the following specific objectives:







To study the impact of………………………….
To explore …………………...
To know impact of …………………………….
To study the effect of ………………………………….
To know the role of …………………………..
To know the status……………………………
To study the role of ……………………………..
1.5 HYPOTHESIS
Following hypothesis are suggested in this study regarding the…………… ……….
1.6 METHODS AND PROCEDURES
Data was collected to achieve the result for the purpose, scope and hypothesis of this study. For the collection of
data, there are two types of references and source, primary and secondary.
1.6.1. Primary source
The methods for conducting inquiries, in order to collect primary data of agro-based industry, can be of three
types:
i. Case Study Method, ii. Statistical Method and iii. Sample Survey Method. This study is based upon the random
samples survey method. This research is empirical and exploratory in nature and convenient sample survey is used
in collection of data and collected data is tabulated in tables and analyzed for the defined purpose covering the
period 1988-2000.
Main data collection instrument was closed ended questionnaire which used liker scale to collect the primary
data.
1.6.2 Secondary Source
The Secondary data was collected through different sources such as: Libraries, journals, Newspapers, Magazines,
Thesis, Census Reports, Addresses delivered by government officials, Press Releases, Seminar, conferences, NGOs
reports, and electronic resources.
1.7 THE DELIMITATION
As far as the extent of data accuracy of this study is concerned, it has some limitations, due to the
Following reasons:
1.7.1This study has certain limitations
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Some of these limitations can be seen as fruitful avenues for future research. For instant,………………..
But this study is regarding ……………………………………………..
Therefore there is room to conduct research on ……………………………………
This study has focused on ……………………………..
This research brings many limitations as far as the generalization of the results of the study is concerned.
This study is limited to …………………………. Therefore there is need to conduct study in ……………. also for
generalization of the results.
In most cases, the interviewed persons are uneducated; therefore, they could not appreciate the importance of
this study.
Some times they were reluctant to share information for fear of ……………………… or they hesitated ………….. Due to
this reason the information provided by them may not be accurate.
1.7.2 This study has certain deficiencies
Researcher interviewed 300 respondents; out of them 199 were staff nurses. Certainly, approach to them was
really a hard task as they are available in different …………………………… Researcher went to …………………………….
Researchers had met …………………………………..
Due to hectic workload respondents have filled in data in hurry and not given enough time to thorough review of
data collection instrument as time strain was major issue. Therefore results may not be accurate.
Researcher has to spare lots of time for data collection which researcher managed very hardly. Many respondents
absolutely did not take any interest but filled in it with lack of interest. So selection of respondents for data
collection was very hard task.
Researcher approached to them………………………… and found out the researcher’s purposively in the universe with
the help of researcher’s friends. Therefore results may not be accurate.
Due to time and budget constrains researcher could not include majority of population in samle therefore results
may not be accurate.
1.8 STRUCTURE OF THE STUDY/DISSERTATION
For a cohesive presentation of the study, the research is organized into several sections/chapters:
section 1 detailed background with rationale behind the research of subject under study.
section 2 contains a detailed review of the available variables on the topic of the
section 3 highlights the research methodology utilized for this research.
section 4 presents the analysis of data and techniques which is used to analyze it, and results arrived at out of data
collection.
section 5 presents detailed concluding remarks on the study and it also summarizes the salient points discussed
within the text of the study.
section 6 contains some recommendations which when implemented may result in the improvement of the role
of …………………………..
Finally bibliography is given followed by appendices.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Remember that the Introduction discusses the problem. The review of literature should concentrate on solutions
(those that exist, those that are still required).
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2.1 INTRODUCTION
For articles about 7-1000 words- for thesis no limit) maximum references should be there along with previous and
latest)
2.1.1
International Scenario
2.1.2
National Scenario
2.1.3
Scenarios
2.2 CONCEPTUALIZATION AND HYPOTHESIS DEVELOPMENT
(One paragraph)
2.3 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK / RESEARCH MODEL
(Not more then 200 words)
3. METHODS AND PROCEDURES
3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN
According to Polit, (1980) “the methodology is the way in which information is found. The methodology includes
the methods, procedures, and techniques used to collect data”. This chapter will indicate the steps, procedures and
strategies for gathering and analyzing the data in research investigations. Through this procedure researcher will
gather data about selected topic to evaluate and interpret.
The objectives of methodology is not only to evaluate and interpret the data, it deals with the procedure by which
knowledge is built, conceptual and logical.
Moreover, methodology is concern with how to gather data. Simply methodology refers to the principles, tools or
instruments employed by researcher to gather empirical evidence.
3.1..1 Method of Research
Qualitative or quantitative
3.1.2 Type of Research
Exploratory, descriptive or explanatory/ Basic/ Applied/ Speculative/ Descriptive:/ Predictive:/ Evaluative
3.1.3 Nature of Research
Ethnographic, content analysis of written material, interview, or a program evaluation, etc
3.2 POPULATION AND SAMPLE
3.2.1 Sampling Unit
What is the population you plan to study (e.g., all the social worker students in Idaho),
3.3 .2 Sampling Technique
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What is your sampling plan (e.g., convenience, stratified, random )
3.2.3 Sample Size
What is your sampling plan (e.g., convenience, stratified, random), and why? (that’s right - tie it to the literature
review). Give as much information about the population that has been gathered from your review of the literature:
age range, gender mix, education, etc. This will be used to compare to your sample’s demographics in the Results
section.
3.3.1 Sampling rationale
Scientists work with sample rather than with population because it is more economical and efficient to do so. The
typical researcher has neither the time nor the resources required to study all possible members of a population.
The need for data in a specified time period usually makes it imperative for the researcher to sample.
Furthermore, it is usually unnecessary to gather information about some phenomenon from an entire population.
It is almost always possible to obtain a reasonably accurate Understanding of the phenomena under investigation
from a sample. Samples thus, are practical and efficient means of collecting data.
3.4 INVESTIGATE TECHNIQUE
Do you plan to use interviews, behavior observation, questionnaires, etc.? What subtype of each do you
plan to employ (e.g., structured vs. unstructured interviews or closed vs. open-ended questions)? State your
rationale for your approach (lit. review). List all of your variables, which ones are independent or dependent? What
level of measurement do you plan to use for each variable?
3.5 INSTRUMENTATION
3.5.1 Variables (Conceptually define your major variables in a clear and concise manner)
3.5.2 Validity Test
3.5.3 Reliability Test
Do you plan to use a standardized instrument or design your own? How does this instrument affect
issues of reliability and validity (discuss)? Discuss instrument biases. Identify independent & dependent variables.
Discuss how this instrument will be scored.
3.6 Data Collection Method
How will you distribute your instrument or where will you do the observations? What is your timetable
and what reminders will you give to respondents to get instruments back to you in time to complete your study?
3.7 HYPOTHESIS
3.8 DATA ANALYSIS PLAN
Chapter 4
4. DATA ANALYSI, RESULTS Finding AND DISCUSSION
This section makes a presentation of the research techniques of analyzing the data and discussions. In this chapter
and table analysis of the entire question individually is also detailed.
4.1 DATA ANALYSIS
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4.2 RESULTS
4.3 Finding
4.4 DISCUSSION
4.5 Conclusion
5. CONCLUSIONS
5.1 INTRODUCTION
From detailed literature review and opinions of respondents it is found that there are factors which are
creating negative image of nursing and due to that their role is being affected.
5.2 CONCLUDING REMARKS
6. FUTURE RECOMMENDATION AND IMPLICATIONS
6.1 FURTHER RECOMMENDATION
6.2 IMPLICATIONS
REFERENCES
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