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7th - April- Geography - Lesson 1 – Environment
POINTS TO REEMBER
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Environment is our basic life support system. It provides the air we breathe,
the water we drink, the food we eat and the place where we live. Thus,
environment is the most important aspect of our life.
The natural environment consists of land, water, air, plans and animals. It
refers to both biotic and abiotic conditions existing on the earth.
While biotic refers to the world of living organisms, such as plants and
animals, abiotic refers to the world of non-living elements, such as land.
The human environment refers to the activities, creations and interactions
among human beings.
Domains of environment-Lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and
biosphere.
Lithosphere is the solid portion of the earth where we live. It is the domain
that provides us forests, grasslands for grazing, land for agriculture and
human settlements. It is where we find several minerals.
Hydrosphere refers to the water bodies like rivers, lakes, seas, oceans,
etc.that exist on the earth.
Atmosphere is the thin layer of air that surrounds the earth. It protects us
from the harmful rays and searching heat of the Sun. It consists of gases, dust
and water vapors.
Biosphere or the living thin layer of air that surrounds the earth. It protects us
from the harmful rays and searching heat of the Sun. It consists of gases, dust
and water vapors.
The relation between the living organisms as well as the relation between the
organisms and their surroundings forms an ecosystem.
An ecosystem can be found in lakes, mountains, oceans, pond, etc.
Human beings modify natural environment as per their needs.
IMPORTANT / KEY WORDS TO REMEMBER
Environment:- The place , people, things and nature that surround any living
organism called environment.
Biotic:- It refers to the world of living organisms, such as plants and animals.
Abiotic: - It refers to the world of non – living elements such as land.
Lithosphere: - It is the solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth.
Hydrosphere: - It refers to the water bodies like rivers, lakes, seas, oceans,
etc.on the earth.
Atmosphere: - It is the thin layer of air that surrounds the earth.
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Ecosystem:- The relation between the living organisms, as well as the relation
between the organisms and
Their surroundings form an ecosystem.
Barter system: - A trade in which goods is exchanged without the use of
money.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is ecosystem?
All plants, animals and human beings depend on their immediate
surroundings. They are also interdependent on each other. This relation
between the living organisms as well as the relation between the organism
and their surroundings forms an ecosystem.
What did you mean by natural environment?
Natural environment consists of land, water, air, plants and animals. Thus
natural environment refers to both biotic(plants and animals) and abiotic
(land) conditions that exist on the earth.
Which are the major components of the environment?
The major components of the environment are natural (land,air,water, living
things),human made (buildings,
parks,bridges,roads,industries,monuments,etc.) and human
(individual,family,community,religion,educational,economic,etc.)
Give four examples of human-made environment?
Four examples of human – made environment – buildings, parks, bridges and
roads.
What is lithosphere?
Lithosphere is the solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth. It is made up
of rocks and minerals and covered by a thin layer of soil. It is an irregular
surface with various land forms such as mountains, plateaus, plains, valleys,
etc.
Where are the two major components of biotic environment?
Plants, animals are the two major components of biotic environment.
What is biosphere?
Biosphere is a narrow zone of the earth where land, water and air interact
with each other to support life.Thus, plant and animal kingdom together
make biosphere, i.e.the living world.
Tick the correct answer.
[I] Which is not a natural ecosystem?
Ans -> Aquarium.
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[2] Which is not a component of human environment?
Ans ->
Land.
[3] Which is a human made environment?
Ans ->
Mountain.
[4] Which is a threat to environment?
Ans :- Growing population.
Match the following:Sno
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B
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Biosphere
Blanket of air which surrounds the earth.
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Atmosphere
Domain of water.
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Hydrosphere
Our surroundings
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Environment
Narrow zone where land,water and air
interact.
Give Reasons :[a] Man modifies his environment .
Ans:- Man modifies his environment to fulfill his needs and make his life
comfortable. He also modified his environment to adopt himself to the
natural surroundings.
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[b] Plants and animals depend on each other.
Ans:- Plants and animals depend on each other for their own sake. Plants
release oxygen that animals breathe and absorb carbon dioxide that animal’s
release.
Very Short Answers
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What is environment?
Ans 1. Everything that we see in our surroundings forms environment.
2. It is our basic life support system.
3. It provides us air, water, food and land- the basic needs of our life.
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Why is our environment changing?
Ans Our environment is changing because our needs are increasing day by day. To
fulfill these needs we often don’t think about the environment and start
modifying it.
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What are the basic components of natural environment?
Ans The basic components of natural environment are- land,water,air,plants and
animals.
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WHAT DOES LITHOSPHERE PROVIDE US?
Ans Lithospheres provide us forests, grasslands for grazing land for agriculture and
human settlements. It is a rich source of minerals.
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Name different types of water bodies.
Ans Rivers ,Lakes, Seas, oceans, etc.
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How is atmosphere important for us?
Ans Atmosphere protects us from the harmful rays and scorching (sever) heat of
the sun.
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What do you see in the deserts? Name some animals
Ans Camels, snakes, Lizards and insects.
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What is barter system?
Ans Barter system is a method of trade in which goods are exchanged without the
use of money.
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Distinguish between biotic and abiotic environment with examples.
Ans The world of living organisms is known as biotic environment. Example-Plants
& animals.
The world of non-living element is known as abiotic environment. ExampleLand.
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How is environment important for us?
Ans It is important for us because it is the provider of air,water,food and land the
basic necessities of life.
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS.
Q
Write a note on Lithosphere?
Ans Lithosphere is the solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth. It is made up
of rocks and minerals. It is covered by a thin layer of soil. It is an irregular
surface with various landforms such as mountains, plateaus, desert, plains,
valleys etc.Lithospehere plays an important role in our life. It provides us
forests, grassland for grazing, land for agriculture human settlements. It is
also a treasure of various minerals.
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What is atmosphere?
Ans Atmosphere is the thin layer of air that surrounds the earth. It is made up of
various gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, carbondioxide,dust particles and
water vapuour.The gravitational force of the earth holds the atmosphere
around it. It protects us from harmful rays and scorching heat of the sun. The
changes in atmosphere produce changes in the weather and climate.
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How do human beings modify natural environment?
Ans The needs of human beings are increasing day and day.Hence, they modify
natural environment to fulfill these needs. Sometimes they even destroy their
environment.
Human beings have made cars for their convenience; these cars release
fumes which pollute the air. They have established factories on land. These
factories manufacture various items such as containers. This is how they
modify natural environment.
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What is Hydrosphere?
Ans It refers to various water bodies such as rivers, lakes seas, oceans, etc.that
exist on the earth.
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What is Biosphere?
Ans Biosphere or the living world is comprised of plant and animal kingdom. It is a
narrow zone of the earth where land, water and air interact with each other
to support life.
Major Domains of the Earth
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