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Mountains
Mountains cover about 25 % of Earth. They are made of rocks and
soil, and they are much higher than the land around them. They
from when undengroud plates crash together and push the land up.
This takes millions of years.
Record-Breaking Mountains
The biggest mountain chain is the Himalaya in Asia. Mount Everest, the highest mountain in
the world , is in the Himalayas. Everest is still growing about 5 millimeters every year.
The longest mountain chain is under the ocean! The Mind-Anlantic Ridge under the Atlantic
Ocean is 16,000 kilometers long. The longest mountain chain on land is the Andes in South
America.
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Why Do People Explore Mountains?
Geologists look at the rocks in mountains to learn more about how Earth was made. Some
mountains explorers have found metals like gold, silver, copper and tin. They have also
found precious stones like rubies and emeralds, and rocks, like granite and limestone. Some
mountain plants, like the snow lotus, are used to make medicines
Mountain archaeologists look for ancient remains on the top of mountain. In 1999,
Constanza Ceruti from Argentina was exploring 6,739 meters highs at the top of the
Llullaillaco Volcano between Argentina and Chile. She and Johan Reinhold found food pots,
gold and silver statues, and three Inca mummies that were 500 years old .
Mountains Explorers
Mountains explorers often want to be the first to climb a mountain. A Frenchman called
Antoine de Ville climbed Mont Aiguille in the Alps in 1492.
Later , some people gave explorers money the climb mountains to see what was there.
Michel Gabriel Paccard and Jacques Balmat climbed Mont Blanc for a prize in 1786. Abither
French explorer called Marie Paradis was the first woman to climb Mont Blanc in 1808.
The first people get the top of Mount Everest were Edmund Hillary from New Zealand and
Tenzing Noray from Nepal in 1953.Aboun 2,000 people have climbet to the top of Everest,
but more than 200 of them ways to climb it.
The first woman To get to the top of Everest was a Japanese climber called Junko Tabei in
1975. In 1992 she also became the first woman to climb the highest mountain in each of the
seven continents.
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1.Complete the sentences.
Ocean volcano archaeologists crash rocks
Underground
statues chain
geologists
remains
1. Mountains form when_____ plates _______together and push land
up
2. The longest mountains ______ is under the ____________
3._________ look at the __________in mountains to learn more about
how Earth made.
4. Mountain_______look for ancient ________on the top of mountains.
5. Constanza Ceruti found gold and silver ________at the top of a_____.
2. Match. Then write complete sentences.
Mountains are made
Mountains are much higher
The biggest mountain chains
Mount Everest is
The longest mountain chain
on land is the Andes
of rock and soil
than the land around them
the highest mountain in the
world
The Himalayas
1_____________________________________
2_____________________________________
3_____________________________________
4_____________________________________
5_____________________________________
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3. Complete the sentences with the correct numbers.
5 15
25
500 2,000 16,000
milions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Mountains cover about_______% of Earth.
It takes_____ of years for mountains to form.
_____ Mount Everest is growing about _____ millimeters every year.
The Mind-Atlantic Ridge is _____ kilometers long.
About_____ people have climbed to the top Everest.
Johan Reinhold found three Inca mummies that were _____ years old.
The youngest person to climb Everest was _____ years old.
4. Choose the correct answers.
1. Explorers have found metals like gold and tin.
a stones
b plants
c metals
2.The snow lotus is a _____
A rock
b plants
c precious stone
3. Explorers have found precious stones like_____
A rubies
b silver
c copper
4. In 1786, two Frenchmen climbed Mont Blanc_____
a to find gold
b for a prize
c to find plants
5. _____ was the first woman to climb Mount Everest.
a Junko Tabei
b Marie Paradis
c Constanza Ceruti