Title – H01Q
Definition statement
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This subclass covers:Transmitting aerials having primary active radiating elements,
and receiving aerials having corresponding elements; details thereof;
Secondary devices for modifying the direction, the orientation, the polarisation or the
beam-form of waves radiated from aerials (or correspondingly received thereby), or
for absorbing waves;
Combinations of primary active aerial elements with secondary devices for giving the
aerial a desired directional characteristic;
Electrically-short aerials, electrically-long aerials, waveguide horns, slot aerials,
leaky-waveguide aerials, loop aerials, aerial arrays;
Combinations with auxiliary devices such as earthing switches, lead-in devices, and
lightning protectors.
Relationship between large subject matter areas
Waveguides and waveguide type devices which are passive devices are classified in H01P.
Systems that make use of aerials are classified in the corresponding places, such as
transmission systems H04B, wireless communication networks H04W and radio navigation
systems G01S.
References relevant to classification in this subclass
This subclass does not cover:
Waveguides
H01P
Radiators or aerials for microwave heating
H05B 6/72
Examples of places where the subject matter of this subclass is covered when specially
adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a large system:
Cell structures using beam steering
H04W 16/28
Communication route or path selection based on characteristics of available
wireless antennas
H04W 40/06
Beacons or beacon systems using radio waves
G01S 1/02
Direction-finders using radio waves
G01S 3/02
Circuits or components for simulating aerials, e.g. dummy aerial
H04B 1/72
Informative references
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Radiators for near-field treatment
A61N 5/04
Apparatus for testing aerials or for measuring aerial characteristics
G01R
Modulating electromagnetic waves in radiation field of aerial
H03C 7/02
Receivers input circuits
H04B 1/18
Radio transmission systems
H04B 7/00
Synonyms and Keyword
In patent documents the following keywords “aerial”, “antenna”, “probe”, “receiving
element”, “transmitting element” would be useful to a searcher.
Title – H01Q 1/12
Informative references
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Supporting conductors in general
H02G 7/00
Title – H01Q 1/38
Informative references
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Conductive layers or films on insulating-supports, in general
H01B 5/14
Printed circuits
H05K
Glossary of terms
In this group, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated:
Chiral composites
embedding miniature helices in a non-chiral host medium; the names
comes from the Greek “kheir” which means “hand”
Title – H01Q 1/42
Glossary of terms
In this group, the following terms are used with the meaning indicated:
Radome
Irdome
Radar dome
Infrared dome
Title – H01Q 1/48
Informative references
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Connections with the terrestrial mass, e.g. earth plate, earth pin
H01R 4/66
Title – H01Q 1/50
Informative references
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Cables, conductors, insulators, e.g. for lead-in devices
H01B
Lightning protectors, switches
H01H
Over-voltage arrestors using spark gaps, structurally associated with protected
apparatus
H01T 4/08
Title – H01Q 3/22
Glossary of terms
In this group, the following terms are used with the meaning indicated:
Beam scanning
Beam scanning may refer to controlling the direction of the radiated
beam (or, in the case of a receiving aerial, the direction of greatest
sensitivity) as a function of operating frequency. It should be noted that,
in a phased array without phase shifters, beam direction will inevitably
change during the transmission of a frequency-hopping signal.
Title – H01Q 3/24
Informative references
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Diversity systems using a plurality of spaced independent aerials
H04B 7/04
Title – H01Q 3/26
References relevant to classification in this group
This group does not cover:
Arrangements for varying the orientation in accordance with variation of
frequency of radiated wave
H01Q 3/22
Arrangements for varying the orientation by switching energy from one active
radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
H01Q 3/24
Glossary of terms
In this subclass, the following terms (or expressions) are often used with the meaning
indicated:
Beam forming
Weighting
Analogue beam
forming (RF beam
forming)
Digital beam forming
controlling the direction of a radiated beam (or, correspondingly at a
receiving aerial, the direction of greatest sensitivity) by weighting and
summing the signals at several elements
controlling the phase and amplitude of the signals at the active radiating
elements; changing the weighting of one element relative to the others
changes the direction and the beam-width or beam-form of the radiation
pattern
in analogue beam forming, modification of the amplitude or phase of the
signals at elements takes place in the lines or components carrying the
signals, i.e. in the RF domain
in digital beam forming control of the amplitude or phase of the signals
takes place inside a beam forming computer processor.
In a receiver equipped with a digital beam forming array, the signals
received from each element are digitized and processed to give a desired
directional response. Similarly, at a transmitter, signals for each array
element may be processed to produce a desired beam-form.
Synonyms and Keywords
In patent documents the following abbreviations are often used:
ESA
electronically scanned array
Title – H01Q 7/04
References relevant to classification in this group
This group does not cover:
Collapsible aerials; Retractable aerials
H01Q 7/02
Loop aerials with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and
having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the
loop with core of ferromagnetic material
H01Q 7/06
Informative references
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Electrical actuation of burglar, alarm or surveillance systems by interference with
electromagnetic field distribution
G08B 13/24
Synonyms and Keywords
In patent document the following words are often used: shielded, electrostatic shielding.
Title – H01Q 15/24
References relevant to classification in this group
This group does not cover:
Devices functioning simultaneously both as polarisation filters and as refracting or H01Q 15/12,
diffracting devices or as reflectors
H01Q 15/22
Synonyms and Keywords
In patent documents the following expression/words "polarizer", "polarisator", "polarisation
transformer" and "polarisation converter" are often used as synonyms.
Title – H01Q 19/13
References relevant to classification in this group
This group does not cover:
Primary radiating source being a line source, e.g. leaky waveguide aerials
H01Q 19/15
Synonyms and Keywords
In patent documents the following words are often used: prime focus feed; center-feed,
center-fed; front feed; front-fed.
Title – H01Q 19/17
References relevant to classification in this group
This group does not cover:
Primary radiating source being a line source, e.g. leaky waveguide aerials
H01Q 19/15
Aerials or aerial systems providing at least two radiating patterns
H01Q 25/00
Synonyms and Keywords
In patent documents the following expression/words "array-fed", "array feed", "feed array",
"feed cluster", "multi-feed reflector" and "duo-feed" are often used as synonyms.