EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES IN EMPLOYMENT POLICY Types of unlawful discrimination Direct discrimination is where a person is treated less favourably than another because of a protected characteristic. An example of direct discrimination would be refusing to employ a woman because she is pregnant. In limited circumstances, employers can directly discriminate against an individual for a reason related to any of the protected characteristics where there is an occupational requirement. The occupational requirement must be crucial to the post and a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim. Indirect discrimination is where a provision, criterion or practice is applied that is discriminatory in relation to individuals who have a relevant protected characteristic (although it does not explicitly include pregnancy and maternity, which is covered by indirect sex discrimination) such that it would be to the detriment of people who share that protected characteristic compared with people who do not, and it cannot be shown to be a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim. Harassment is where there is unwanted conduct, related to one of the protected characteristics (other than marriage and civil partnership, and pregnancy and maternity) that has the purpose or effect of violating a person’s dignity; or creating an intimidating, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive environment. It does not matter whether or not this effect was intended by the person responsible for the conduct. Associative discrimination is where an individual is directly discriminated against or harassed for association with another individual who has a protected characteristic (although it does not cover harassment because of marriage and civil partnership, and (according to guidance from the Government and Acas) pregnancy and maternity). Perceptive discrimination is where an individual is directly discriminated against or harassed based on a perception that he/she has a particular protected characteristic when he/she does not, in fact, have that protected characteristic (other than marriage and civil partnership, and pregnancy and maternity). Third-party harassment occurs where an employee is harassed and the harassment is related to a protected characteristic (other than marriage and civil partnership, and pregnancy and maternity), by third parties such as clients or customers. For an employer to be liable: the harassment must have occurred on at least two previous occasions (although not necessarily by the same harasser or suffering the same type of harassment); it must be aware that the previous harassment has taken place; and it must have failed to take reasonable steps to prevent harassment from happening again. Victimisation occurs where an employee is subjected to a detriment, such as being denied a training opportunity or a promotion because he/she made or supported a complaint or raised a grievance under the Equality Act 2010, or because he/she is suspected of doing so. However, an employee is not protected from victimisation if he/she acted maliciously or made or supported an untrue complaint. There is no longer a need for a complainant to compare his/her treatment with someone who has not made or supported a complaint under the Equality Act 2010. For example, if a blind employee raises a grievance that the employer is not complying with its duty to make reasonable adjustments, and is then systematically excluded from all meetings, such behaviour could amount to victimisation. Failure to make reasonable adjustments is where a physical feature or a provision, criterion or practice puts a disabled person at a substantial disadvantage compared with someone who does not have that protected characteristic and the employer has failed to make reasonable adjustments to enable the disabled person to overcome the disadvantage. 1. Sex Discrimination Unless the job is covered by a statutory exception we will not discriminate directly, indirectly or by association on the grounds of sex, gender assignment, sexual orientation, pregnancy, marital status or civil partnership. In the arrangements made for deciding who should be offered a job In any terms of employment, including pay By refusing or omitting to offer a person employment In the way we afford access to opportunities for promotion, transfer or training In the manner in which employment is offered or in affording access to any benefits, facilities or services By victimising an individual for a complaint made in good faith about sex, gender assignment, sexual orientation or pregnancy discrimination or for giving evidence about such a complaint In connection with redundancy or termination of employment however caused or by treating an employee unfavourably in any other way 2. Race Discrimination Our equal opportunity policy aims to ensure that: a. No job applicant or employee receives less favourable treatment than another on racial grounds either directly, indirectly or by association. b. No applicant or employee is placed at a disadvantage by requirements or conditions which have a disproportionately adverse effect on his/her racial group and which cannot be shown to be justifiable on other than racial grounds. c. Where appropriate and where permissible under the Race Relations Act employees of an under-represented racial group are given training and encouragement to achieve equal opportunity within the organisation. We will not: Discriminate in recruitment, promotion, transfer or training, nor in the arrangements made for recruitment and in the ways of affording access to opportunities for promotion, transfer or training Discriminate on racial grounds in connection with dismissal, redundancy or any other termination of employment or other detriment to an employee Discriminate on racial grounds in appraisals of employee performance or in the operation of grievance disputes and disciplinary procedures Discriminate on racial grounds in affording terms of employment and providing benefits, facilities and services for employees Victimise individuals who have made allegations or complaints of racial discrimination or provided information about such discrimination 3. Disability Discrimination In connection with dealings in relation to persons with a disability within the meaning of the Equality Act 2010 and balancing the requirements of the ISS Regulations 2010, we will: Not discriminate against disabled people or those who have been disabled, carers or by association Make any reasonable adjustments of our employment arrangements or premises which place disabled people at a substantial disadvantage compared with non-disabled people Not treat a disabled employee or disabled job applicant less favourably for a reason relating to the disability than others to whom that reason does not apply unless the reason is material to the particular circumstances and substantial Not knowingly help another to unlawfully discriminate against a disabled employee Not discriminate against a disabled person in the arrangements made for determining who should be offered employment or by refusing to offer, or deliberately not offering, employment Not discriminate against a disabled person whom we employ in terms of the employment we offer him/her; in the opportunities, which we afford him/her for promotion, a transfer, training or receiving any other benefit; by refusing to afford him/her or deliberately not affording him/her any such opportunity; by dismissing him/her or subjecting him/her to any other detriment Not discriminate against an employee who becomes disabled or has a disability that worsens, any reasonable adaptations including changes to role will be considered to enabled continued employment 4. Religion Caterham School is designated as a Christian school under The Religious Character of Schools Regulations 2003. Unless the job is covered by a statutory exception we will not discriminate directly or indirectly or by association on religious grounds. In the arrangements made for deciding who should be offered a job In any terms of employment, including pay By refusing or omitting to offer a person employment In the way we afford access to opportunities for promotion, transfer or training In the manner in which employment is offered or in affording access to any benefits, facilities or services By victimising an individual for a complaint made in good faith about discrimination on religious grounds or for giving evidence about such a complaint In connection with redundancy or termination of employment however caused or by treating an employee unfavourably in any other way 5. Age Discrimination In connection with any dealing in relation to age as described in the Equality Act 2010, we will not discriminate on age either directly, indirectly or by association: In the arrangements made for deciding who should be offered a job In any terms of employment, including pay By refusing or omitting to offer a person employment In the way we afford access to opportunities for promotion, transfer or training By victimising an individual for a complaint made in good faith about discrimination on the grounds of age or for giving evidence about such a complaint In connection with redundancy or termination of employment however caused. To operate a common contractual retirement age for all staff of 65 (see separate Retirement Policy for details). This will be reviewed in line with changes in legislation. 6. Roles and Responsibilities of the Headteacher, Staff and Governors with regard to children Set targets to challenge all children to achieve their potential Deploy resources effectively and efficiently to ensure that all children receive appropriate support Celebrate diversity of all kinds as described above Plan the curriculum and its delivery to take into account the ability, gender, ethnicity, background and SEN of pupils Prevent discrimination, harassment or bullying on the basis of gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religion or age Ensure that an inclusive approach is taken to children with disabilities Ensure that all staff understand what constitutes direct or indirect discrimination 7. Harrassment Caterham School is committed to a policy whereby all employees are given the right to be treated with dignity and respect. Therefore harassment is considered unacceptable at the School. Any member of staff who is either harassed verbally or physically, by another member of staff or a third party, must report it immediately to their Head of Department, HR Manager or Deputy Head. The Headmaster will be informed and the matter investigated. Please refer to the Disciplinary Procedure for further information. Last reviewed Nov 2012