Work sheet/ unit 4\lesson4
Necessity / Obligation = necessary to do.
1. Must /‫الزم‬
(+) must (present simple) = had to (past simple)
(-) mustn't (present simple) = couldn't (past simple)
E.g.
 I must hurry up to catch the train.
(‫)الزام داخلي‬
 It's very important lecture so you must come early ‫أهمية وضرورة‬
 You mustn't smoke in hospital. (‫ ضروري أن ال تفعل‬/‫)مش الزم‬
 You mustn't play with matches / electricity. It's dangerous.
 The policeman said " you mustn't cross the bridge "
 No parking sign " you mustn't park here"
2. Have to/‫مضطر‬
(+) have to (present simple) = had to / didn't have to (past)
(-) don't have to, doesn't have to (present simple) = didn't have to
(past )
E.g.
 We have to wear a school uniform. (‫)الزام خارجي‬
 There's school tomorrow, so I have to get up early.
 It's holiday tomorrow, so I don't have to get up early.
‫مش ضروري ان تفعل‬
 She doesn't have to go to party if she doesn't like.
Don't have to / needn't … it's not necessary to do
Mustn't ………… it's necessary not to do ‫إلزام أكثر‬
Must……………… it's necessary to do b/c you feel it's
‫مالحظة‬
Have to ……….. It is necessary because somebody else says it's
Need to/ ‫بحاجة إلى‬
(+) need to (present simple) = needed to / didn't need to (past simple)
(-) needn't\ don't need to, doesn't need to (present simple) =
didn't need to (past simple)
E.g.
 I do not need to tidy the room, my sister does.
 He has finished. He doesn't need to worry.
 You needn't eat fruits if you don't like it.
 You needn't drive too fast. We have enough time.
Advice good idea / bad idea
(+) should = ought to (good idea) / should …. (Past simple)
(-) shouldn't = oughtn't (bad idea)
E.g.
 You should / ought to eat fruits. (It's good for you )
 You shouldn't / oughtn't to waste your time.(It's bad for you)
Rewrite:
1. It's advisable to study hard (should).
…………………………………………………………….
2. It's necessary to do the homework (must).
…………………………………………………………….
3. It's necessary for student to put pencils down (have to).
……………………………………………………………….
4. It's necessary not to drive your car too fast (mustn't).
………………………………………………………………………………
Work sheet/ unit 4
Modals
Can:
1. Ability
2. Possibility
3. Allowing
1.Ability to do sth. ( ‫)مقدرة‬
(+) can (present) …… could (past)
(-) can't (present) …. Couldn't (past)
Can = is / am / are able to.
Could = was / were able to.
E.g.
I can speak English (able to)
I am able to speak English.
Difference between could / was able to
E.g.
I could swim when I was four (general ability)
I was able to swim when the boat sank (specific situation)
2.Possibility : ( ‫)احتمالية‬
It can rain in summer.
The work is easy. I can do it in time.
3.Allowing:- ( ‫) السماح‬
You can park here. (You are allowed to park here)
May / might …. Possibility
 might …. Possibility (less than 50 %) ,
( I do not think so)
(+) might (present) ….. might (past)
(-) might not (present) …. Mightn't (past)
E.g. They may win the gold medal, I don’t think so.
 May … possibility ( 50% )
(not sure
))
(+) may (present)… Might (past).
(-) may not (present) … mightn't (past)
E.g.
Ali may win the match but I'm not sure.
Rewrite:1.I am not sure that Ali come on time (May).
………………………………………………………………………
2.He is able to ski (can).
……………………………………………………………………..
Choose:1.He (may – might – must) pass the exam, but Iam not sure.
2.They ( may – might – should ) win the prize, but I doubt
3.In the playground of the school, you (can – might – may) play basketball.