Midterm Review
1. Which of the following is the cause of an acceleration or a change in an object's motion?
a. speed
c. force
b. inertia
d. velocity
2. Which of the following forces arises from direct physical contact between two objects?
a. gravitational force
c. contact force
b. fundamental force
d. field force
3. Which of the following forces exists between objects even in the absence of direct physical contact?
a. frictional force
c. contact force
b. fundamental force
d. field force
4.
What is the gravitational force between a 1000 kg asteroid 2500km away
from another asteroid with a mass of 3600kg?
a. 1.44 X 10-10 N
c. 8.64 X 10-7 N
-17
1.4
b. 4.0 X 10 N
d. 3.84 X 10-17N
4x
10
13 690 N
a.
14 700 N
5. In the free-body diagram shown above, which of the following is the gravitational force acting on the car?
a. 5800 N
c. 14 700 N
b. 775 N
d. 13 690N
6. In the free-body diagram shown above, the 5800 N force represents a.
the gravitational force acting on the car.
b. the backward force Normal on the car.
c. the upward force the road exerts on the car.
d. the force exerted by a towing cable on the car.
7.
A spring with a spring constant of 170 N/m is compressed 3.5 cm. What force must be applied to compress this spring?
a. 7571 N
c. 0.013 N
b. 5.95 N
d. 927.5 N
8. A car goes forward along a level road at constant v e l o c i t y . The additional force needed to bring the car into
equilibrium is
a. greater than the normal force times the coefficient of static friction.
b. equal to the normal force times the coefficient of static friction.
c. the normal force times the coefficient of kinetic friction.
d . zero.
9. A wagon with a weight of 300.0 N (g = 9.81 m/s2 ) is accelerated across a level surface at 4.9 m/s2 • What net
force acts on the wagon to make it accelerate?
c. 150 N
a. 9.0N
b. 15 N
d. 610
1
10. Two perpendicular forces, one of 45.0 N directed upward and the second of 60.0 N directed to the right, act
simultaneously on an object with a mass of 50.0 kg. What is the magnitude of the resultant Force and
acceleration of the object?
a. 75 N, 2.14 m/s2
c. 75 N, 1.5 m/s2
b. 105 N, 2.14 m/s2
d. 105 N, 1.41 m/s2
11. A hammer drives a nail into a piece of wood. Identify an action-reaction pair, and compare the forces exerted
by each object.
a. The nail exerts a force on the hammer; the hammer exerts a force on the wood.
b. The hammer exerts a force on the nail; the wood exerts a force on the nail.
c. The hammer exerts a force on the nail; the nail exerts a force on the hammer.
d. The hammer exerts a force on the nail; the hammer exerts a force on the wood.
12. An amusement park ride loaded with passengers has a mass of 1000kg. The radius of curvature of the ride is
24 m. If the vehicle has tangential speed of 18 m/s, what force is exerted on the vehicle by the track?
a. 15,000 N
c.
13.5 N
b. 1500 N
d. 13,500 N
13. A 25 kg block is pulled across a horizontal surface that has a coefficient of kinetic friction of 0.10 . What is the
horizontal force required to maintain dynamic equilibrium(constant velocity)?
a. 7.53 N
c. 73.82 N
b. 245.25 N
d. 25N
14. What is the direction of the force on objects that move in circles?
A . inward
b. upward
c. up
d . down
5120 N
15. In the free-body diagram shown above, which of the following is the net force on the balloon?
a. 1570 N
c. 1212 N
b. -570 N
d. 1070 N
16.
A force does work on an object if a component of the force
a. is perpendicular to the displacement of the object.
b. is parallel to the displacement of the object.
c. perpendicular to the displacement of the object moves the object along a path that returns the object
to its starting position.
d. parallel to the displacement of the object moves the object along a path that returns the object to its
starting position.
17.
Gabe accelerates his 1.00 x 103 kg sports car from rest to 25.0 m/s in 10 s. What is the average power output of the
automobile engine?
a. 20.8 kW
c. 41.7 kW
b. 30.3 kW
d. 31.3 kW
2
18. Justin applies a horizontal force of 200 N to move a 55 kg television set across a 10 m level surface. What is the work
done by Justin on the television set?
a. 4000 J
c. 2000 J
b. 5000 J
d. 6000 J
19. How much work is done on a 3.0 kg book that is pushed across the top of a table to the other side until it stops? Its
initial speed is 1.4 m/s. (Work-KE Theorem)
a. -6 J
c. 2.45J
b. 6 J
d. -2.45 J
20. A 3.00 kg toy falls from a height of 10.0 m. Just before hitting the ground, what will be its kinetic energy? (Disregard
air resistance.)
a. 98.0 J
c. 29.4 J
b. 0.98 J
d. 294 J
21. If the only force acting on an object is friction during a given physical process, which of the following assumptions
must be made in regard to the object’s kinetic energy?
a. The kinetic energy decreases.
b. The kinetic energy increases.
c. The kinetic energy remains constant.
d. The kinetic energy decreases and then increases.
22. Which of the following energy forms is associated with an object in motion?
a. potential energy
c. nonmechanical energy
b. elastic potential energy
d. kinetic energy
23. Which of the following energy forms is stored in any compressed or stretched object?
a. nonmechanical energy
c. gravitational potential energy
b. elastic potential energy
d. kinetic energy
24. What is the average power supplied by Kendra (mass of 80.0 kg) running up a flight of stairs rising vertically 4.0 m in
5 s?
a. 380 W
c. 610 W
b. 628 W
d. 670 W
____
25. Which of the following has the greatest momentum?
a. tortoise with a mass of 270 kg moving at a velocity of 0.5 m/s
b. hare with a mass of 2.7 kg moving at a velocity of 7 m/s
c. turtle with a mass of 91 kg moving at a velocity of 1.4 m/s
d. roadrunner with a mass of 1.8 kg moving at a velocity of 6.7 m/s
26. Ben pitches a baseball very fast. Jacob pitches another baseball of equal mass very slowly. Which of the following
statements is correct?
a. Ben's baseball is harder to stop because it has more momentum.
b. Jacob's baseball is harder to stop because it has more momentum.
c. Ben's baseball is easier to stop because it has more momentum.
d. Jacob's baseball is easier to stop because it has more momentum.
____
27. The impulse experienced by a body is equivalent to the body’s change in
a. velocity.
c. momentum.
b. kinetic energy.
d. force.
28. A moderate force will break an egg. However, an egg dropped on the road usually breaks, while one dropped on the
grass usually does not break because for the egg dropped on the grass,
a. the change in momentum is greater.
c. the time interval for stopping is greater.
b. the change in momentum is less.
d. the time interval for stopping is less.
3
____
29. A 90 kg man jumps off a high diving board and hits the water with a speed of 12 m/s. It takes him 0.5 seconds for him
to come to a stop underwater. What force does the water exert on the man?
a. -2160 N
c. -3600 N
b. 2160 N
d. 3600 N
30. What is the impulse on a 35,000 kg airplane when it changes its velocity from 240 m/s to 300m/s?
a. 2,700,000 kg x m/s
b. 720,000 kg x m/s
c. 2,100,000 kg x m/s
d. 16 kg x m/s
31. Jael is at rest on a skateboard on a 50 m hill. She rolls down the hill and gets to the top of the next hill going 4 m/s.
Assuming no friction, how high is this second hill? (Conservation of Energy)
a. 46.7 m
b. 39.8 m
c. 49.6 m
d. 31.3 m
.
32. What does the graph above illustrate about acceleration?
a. The acceleration is constant.
b. The acceleration is zero.
c. The acceleration decreases.
d. There is not enough information to answer.
33.
a.
b.
c.
d.
____
When there is no air resistance, objects of different masses
fall with equal accelerations and displacements.
fall with different accelerations with different displacements.
fall with equal accelerations with different displacements.
fall with different accelerations with similar displacements.
34. Objects that are falling toward Earth move
a. faster and faster.
b. slower and slower.
c.
d.
at a constant velocity.
slower then faster.
____
35.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which would hit the ground first if dropped from the same height in a vacuum, a feather or a metal bolt?
the feather
the metal bolt
They would hit the ground at the same time.
They would be suspended in a vacuum.
____
36. Which of the following is a physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction?
a. vector
c. resultant
b. scalar
d. frame of reference
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____
37.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which of the following is an example of projectile motion?
a jet lifting off a runway
a bullet being fired from a gun
dropping an aluminum can into the recycling bin
A parachutist drifting to earth
38.
a.
b.
c.
d.
What is the path of a projectile?
a wavy line
a parabola
a hyperbola
Projectiles do not follow a predictable path.
39. Which of the following is the tendency of an object to maintain its state of motion?
a. acceleration
c. force
b. inertia
d. velocity
40. If a nonzero net force is acting on an object, then the object is definitely
a. at rest.
c. being accelerated.
b. moving with a constant velocity.
d. losing mass.
41. Which are simultaneous equal but opposite forces resulting from the interaction of two objects?
a. net external forces
c. gravitational forces
b. field forces
d. action-reaction pairs
____
42. The magnitude of the force of gravity acting on an object is
a. frictional force.
c. inertia.
b. weight.
d. mass.
43.
a.
b.
c.
d.
____
The more powerful the motor is,
the longer the time interval for doing the work is.
the shorter the time interval for doing the work is.
the greater the ability to do the work is.
the shorter the workload is.
44. A child moving at constant velocity carries a 2 N ice-cream cone 1 m across a level surface. What is the net work done
on the ice-cream cone?
a. 0 J
c. 2 J
b. 0.5 J
d. 20 J
45. Which of the following energy forms is involved in winding a pocket watch?
a. electrical energy
c. gravitational potential energy
b. nonmechanical energy
d. elastic potential energy
46. Which of the following energy forms is associated with an object due to its position relative to Earth?
a. potential energy
c. gravitational potential energy
b. elastic potential energy
d. kinetic energy
____
47. Which of the following energy forms is stored in any compressed or stretched object?
a. nonmechanical energy
c. gravitational potential energy
b. elastic potential energy
d. kinetic energy
48. Which of the following is the rate at which energy is transferred?
a. potential energy
c. mechanical energy
b. kinetic energy
d. power
____
49.
a.
b.
c.
d.
When comparing the momentum of two moving objects, which of the following is correct?
The object with the higher velocity will have less momentum if the masses are equal.
The more massive object will have less momentum if its velocity is greater.
The less massive object will have less momentum if the velocities are the same.
The more massive object will have less momentum if the velocities are the same.
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____
50. A roller coaster climbs up a hill at 4 m/s and then zips down the hill at 30 m/s. The momentum of the roller coaster
a. is greater up the hill than down the hill.
c. remains the same throughout the ride.
b. is greater down the hill than up the hill.
d. is zero throughout the ride.
51. Which statement about the acceleration of an object is correct?
a. The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net external force acting on
the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object. c
b. The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net external force acting on
the object and directly proportional to the mass of the object.
c. The acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to the net external force acting on
the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
d. The acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to the net external force acting on
the object and directly proportional to the mass of the object.
52. A late traveler rushes to catch a plane, pulling a suitcase with a force directed 30.0° above the horizontal. If the
horizontal component of the force on the suitcase is 60.6 N, what is the force exerted on the handle?
a. 53.0 N
b.70.0 N
c. 65.2 N
d. 95.6 N
53.
a.
b.
c.
d.
____
Which of the following is the best evidence that work has been done on or by an object?
The velocity of the object remains constant.
the energy of the object has changed.
the the mass of the object has changed.
the the directioin the object is moving remains constant.
54. Ashley moves at constant velocity holding a 2 N stuffed toy up in the air. She walks 1 m across a level surface. What
net work does Ashley do on the toy?
a. 0 J
c. 2 J
b. 0.5 J
d. 20 J
55. Which of the following energy forms is the sum of kinetic energy and all forms of potential energy?
a. total energy
c. nonmechanical energy
b.
d. mechanical energy
56. If both the mass and the velocity of a ball are tripled, the kinetic energy of the ball is increased by a factor of
a. 3.
c. 9.
b. 6.
d. 27.
____
57. Which of the following energy forms is associated with an object due to its position relative to Earth?
a. potential energy
c. gravitational potential energy
b. elastic potential energy
d. kinetic energy
____
58. A car traveling on a level road initially has 440 kJ of mechanical energy. After the brakes are applied for a few seconds,
the car has only 110 kJ of mechanical energy. What best accounts for the missing mechanical energy?
a. Half the missing mechanical energy has been converted to heat energy, and the other half has been
destroyed.
b. Most of the missing mechanical energy has been converted to heat energy through friction.
c. Most of the missing mechanical energy has been converted to gravitational potential energy.
d. Half other missing mechanical energy has been converted to kinetic energy, and the other half has
been converted to potential energy.
59. Above a flat horizontal plane Arrow A is shot horizontally from a bow at a speed of 50 m/s. Arrow B is dropped from the
same height and at the same instant as Arrow A is fired. Neglecting air friction, which arrow hits the ground first?
A. Arrow A
B. Arrow B
C. Arrow A & Arrow B hit the ground at the same time.
D. Not enough information
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60. An astronaut on the moon is holding a baseball and a balloon. The astronaut releases both objects at the same time. What
does the astronaut observe? (Note: The moon has no atmosphere.)
A. The baseball falls slower than the balloon.
B. The baseball falls faster than the balloon.
C. The baseball and the balloon fall at the same rate.
D. The baseball and the balloon remain suspended and do not fall.
61. The average velocity of a plane is 600 km/h due north. How long did it take the plane to travel 300 km?
A. 0.2 hour
B. 0.5 hour
C. 0.7 hour
D. 5 hours
62. Brandon hits a golf ball with an initial velocity of 40 m/s at an angle of 30 degrees above the horizontal. How long is it in the
air?
A. 1.7 s
B. 2.3 s
C. 4.1 s
D. 5.3 s
63. An object with an initial velocity of 2.0 m/s moves east along a straight and level path. The object then undergoes a constant
acceleration of 1.80 m/s2 east for a period of 5.00s s. How far does the object move while it is accelerating?
A. 6.30 m
B. 17.5 m
C. 27.2 m
D. 32.5 m
64. At the end of class, Ani quickly walks away from her desk at a speed of 2 m/s, as shown in the figure. To which student will
Ani appear to be moving at a speed that is greater than 2 m/s?
A. Student A
B. Student B
C. Student C
D. Student D
65. Taylor walks 4 km at an angle of 35o. Then she walks 2 km at 70o. What is the of Taylor's total displacement?
A. 4.9 km at 46.8o
B. 4.9 km at 43.2o
C. 5.8 km at 46.5o
D. 5.8 km at 43.5o
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66. A tennis ball rolled off the edge of a table that has a height of 1.00 m. The ball took 0.45 s to hit the ground 4.9 m from the
table. What was the horizontal velocity of the ball as it rolled off the table?
A.
B.
C.
D.
0 m/s
0.63 m/s
1.6 m/s
2.2 m/s
67. Amber tosses a ball vertically upward. It rises, reaches its highest point and then falls back to its starting point. During this
time acceleration of the ball is always
A. in the direction of motion.
B. directed upward.
C. opposite its velocity.
D. directed downward.
68. Which of the following is an example of projectile motion?
A. a jet lifting off a runway
B. a bullet being fired from a gun
C. dropping an aluminum can into the recycling bin
D. a space shuttle orbiting the Earth
69. In the above diagram, a student goes from home to the park, then to the movie theater, and finally to the stadium. Each stage
of the journey is shown as a separate vector. When all of the vectors are added together, which direction is the sum of all the
vectors?
A. east
B. north
C. south
D. west
70. A boat travels 12.0 m while it reduces its velocity from 10.0 m/s to 5.3 m/s. What is the boat's acceleration while it travels
the 12.0 m?
A. -1.3 m/s2
B. -2.5 m/s2
C. -3.0 m/s2
D. -7.5 m/s2
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71. In a drill during basketball practice, a player runs the length of a 50 meter court and back. The player does this three times.
What is his total displacement?
A. 0 m
B. 30 m
C. 60 m
D. 180 m
72. The graph above represents the motion of a cyclist. The graph shows that between t= 0 seconds and t =2 seconds, the cyclist
A. reversed direction
B. slowed down slightly
C. increased in speed
D. coasted at constant speed
73. Anthony releases a baseball at rest from the top of the Washington Monument. It hits the ground after falling for 6.00
seconds. What was the height from which the ball was dropped?
A. 115 m
B. 150 m
C. 177 m
D. 240 m
74. Mike throws a ball straight up. At the top of its path, the ball's instantaneous speed is
A. 0 m/s
B. 4.9 m/s
C. 9.81 m/s
D. 49 m/s
75. Use the graph below to answer the following question:
A.
B.
C.
D.
100 m
250 m
300 m
500 m
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76. At the top of a projectile's path above Earth, the acceleration of an object —
A. is zero
B. goes from positive to negative
C. goes from negative to positive
D. remains unchanged
77. Compared to the range of a bullet shot horizontally, a bullet shot at an angle of 30 degrees will go —
A. not as far
B. farther
C. the same
D. the same, but will remain in the air longer
78. A ball was swung at constant speed in a horizontal circle on the top of a level lab table. Which of the following was the
direction of the acceleration on the ball?
A. The acceleration was inward along the radius of the circle.
B. The acceleration was outward along the radius of the circle.
C. The acceleration was tangent to the circle in the direction of the ball's motion.
D. The acceleration was perpendicular to both the ball's motion and the tabletop.
79. Using the graph provided, determine which segment shows the positive velocity.
A.
B.
C.
D.
From 0 s - 3 s
From 3 s - 5 s
From 5 s - 7 s
From 7 s - 10 s
80. Which is the shortest distance the student can travel to go from the bus stop to the mailbox?
A. 20 meters
B. 26 meters
C. 34 meters
D. 48 meters
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81. The velocity of a car changes from 60 m/s north to 45 m/s north in 5.0 seconds. The magnitude of the car's acceleration is
A. 3.0 m/s2
B. 9.8 m/s2
C. 15 m/s2
D. 53 m/s2
82. The graph above represents the motion of a car. Based on the graph, the car is most likely—
A. driving up a steep hill
B. speeding up
C. driving at constant speed
D. decelerating
83. What is the path of a projectile?
A. a wavy line
B. a parabola
C. a hyperbola
D. a straight line
The graph below represents the movement of a toy car.
84. Which of the following is the car's velocity at t = 2 seconds?
A. 0.33 m/s
B. 1.5 m/s
C. 2.0 m/s
D. 4.0 m/s
85. How fast must a truck travel to stay beneath an airplane that is moving 95 km/h at an angle of 25o?
A 40 km/h
B 86 km/h
C 95 km/h
D 2375 km/h
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Students record the motion of a sliding block and make the graph below to show their data.
86. The best interpretation of the graph would support a statement that the block was —
A. moving at constant speed
B. increasing in velocity
C. changing direction
D. moving upward
The following data were recorded for a ball dropped from a height of 1.0 m to the floor. Its distance was measured by a sonic
ranging device located above the ball.
87. Which of the following is a valid conclusion for the distance at .5 s?
A. The ball stopped moving.
B. The sonic ranging device stopped recording.
C. The ball has bounced up.
D. The distance to the floor was incorrectly measured.
A train travels north at a speed of 50 m/s. A passenger walks toward the rear of the train at a speed of 2 m/s. A person standing
at a train station observes the motion of the passenger as the train passes.
88. Which is the apparent speed of the passenger with respect to the observer at the train station?
A. 2 m/s south
B. 48 m/s north
C. 50 m/s north
D. 52 m/s north
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