THE PROGRAM
OF ENTRANCE TESTS IN THE MAGISTRACY
ON 131000.68 "OIL AND GAS BUSINESS" DIRECTION
FGBOU VPO ''THE DAGHESTAN STATE
TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY" IN 2013
CONTENT OF ENTRANCE EXAMINATION
Oil and gas geology:
Natural combustible minerals: features of accumulation .and transformation of organic
compounds at a change of sedimentary breeds; structure and physical and chemical
properties of oil and gas, nature of their change depending on influence of various
natural factors; problems of an origin of oil and gas, migration of hydrocarbons;
formation of deposits; ash value of processes of petro transformation; regularities of
spatial placement of a congestion of oil and gas in crust; prospects of development of oil
and gas geology.
Bases of oil and gas business:
Ways of drilling of oil and gas wells; the main concepts about drilling and a well; types of
wells; concept about a well design; Oil and gas production; physical bases of oil and gas
production; forces operating in oil and gas layers; the factors defining inflow of liquid
and gas to a face of a well; development and operation of oil fields; features of
development and operation of gas and gas-condensate fields; methods of increase in
productivity of oil and gas wells.
Construction and operation of gas and oil pipelines and gas and oil storages:
Objects of transport and storage of hydrocarbons; advantages of pipeline transport;
main components of oil, and gas-products pipelines; trade systems; pump and
compressor stations; gas-distributing stations; tanks for storage of oil and oil products;
gas-holders; underground storages; underwater and sea pipelines; terminals; gas supply
and oil products supply networks; construction, repair and operation of systems and
objects of transport and storage of hydrocarbons.
Installation and operation of the boring equipment:
The device of cars and the mechanisms used at drilling of oil and gas wells; choice of
boring machines, mechanisms and their coordination with complexes of the drilling rig
on key parameters; the calculations connected with the adaptation of characteristics of
boring machines and mechanisms to technological conditions, with regulation of
parameters of executive units and engines of the drive of drilling rigs, with influence of
a mode of loading on durability of the equipment; basic rules and norms, methods and
means of installation of the boring equipment; basic rules of operation of the boring
equipment.
Development of oil and gas fields:
Development of oil and gas fields; types of deposits of hydrocarbons; technology of
development of oil fields; hydrodynamic bases of design of development of oil fields;
methods of increase in oil recovery of layers; development of gas and gas-condensate
fields; design stages of development of hydrocarbonic deposits; stages of development
of hydrocarbonic deposits; calculation of stocks of oil and gas
Drilling of oil and gas wells:
Value of drilling operations in oil and gas extraction and other branches; concept about
a well; modern ways of drilling; physic mechanical properties of rocks; classification of
the rock cutting tool to destination and to nature of impact on rocks; regularities of
operation of the rock cutting tool; parameters of a mode of drilling and criteria of its
efficiency; botomhole motors; specifics of technology of various ways of drilling;
appointment and structure of a boring column; operation of elements of a boring
column: hydro aerodynamics of circulating system; measures of the prevention of
admonishment accident control hole distortion; curvature of wells in the set direction;
design of configurations and calculation of boring columns;
features of technology of drilling at balance of pressure in layer well system; choice of a
way and design of modes of drilling of wells.
Boring flushing and grouting motors:
Functions of boring solution; boring solutions as disperse systems; classification of
boring solutions; boring solutions on a water basis; clay, without clay, with the
condensed firm phase, the aerated flushing liquids and gaseous circulating agents;
boring solutions on a hydro carbonic basis; preparation, weighting, cleaning and
decontamination of boring solutions; principles of a choice of boring solution; basic
grouting materials; main properties of grouting motors.
Complications and accidents when drilling oil and gas wells:
Types of complications, their place in balance of calendar time of construction of wells;
characteristic and following of zones of absorption; program of fight against absorption;
ways of the prevention and absorption elimination; reasons of a version of gas, oil and
water shows; classification of weight of complications of inflows to a well by category:
manifestations, emission, fountain, griffin; ways of the prevention of manifestations;
types of violation of stability of walls of a well; ways of control of a condition of walls of
a well and action for stability increase; holding straps and inhaling of a column of pipes,
sid erogenous; complications when drilling in breeds; classification of accidents and
preventive actions for their prevention; the fishing tool for an accident elimination in a
well; technology of works of side tracking.
Completion of wells:
Primary opening of productive layers, concept about perfection of opening, types and a
degree assessment; imperfections; design of critical sites of oil and gas wells;
technology of primary opening; approbation of productive layers open trunk; the
principles and specifics of design of designs of wells for oil, gas, gas-condensate fields,
for underground storages and the wells constructed in water areas; purposes and ways
of dissociation of layers; designs of upsetting columns; influence of a temperature
mode of a well on its work fix; the reasons and nature of change of temperatures when
drilling and the subsequent works in a well; technology and the organization of descent of
upsetting columns in a well; essence of ways of primary cementation; the major factors
influencing quality of cementation of wells; organization and control of cementation process;
principles of calculation of cementation; final works after cementation; secondary opening of
productive layer and well development; test of productive layers; installation of bridges and
repair and insulating works in a well.
QUESTIONS TO ENTRANCE TESTS
- Minerals. Rocks.
- Classification and the main types of sedimentary rocks.
- Layer. Elements of a bedding of a layer and its capacity
- Graphic representation of geological bodies. Cards and cuts
-
Concept about carstobolities. Structure and properties of oil and natural gases.
- Breeds collectors and breeds-flyuidoupories (tike)
- Natural tanks. Traps.
- Local and regional congestions of oil and gas.
- Deposit elements.
- Prospecting stage of prospecting works.
- Features of searches and investigation of sea basis of oil and gas.
- Organic theory of an origin of oil and gas.
- Inorganic theory of an origin of oil and gas.
- Classification of oil and gas deposits.
- The main concepts about migration.
- Factors of migration and physical condition of migrating hydrocarbons.
- Formation and destruction of deposits of oil and gas.
- Vertical and regional ash value in placement of deposits of oil and gas.
- Geological process and problems of geological studying of subsoil,
- Staging of prospecting works on oil and gas and their geological economic assessment.
- Methods of prospecting works on oil and gas.
- Geological methods of prospecting works on oil and gas.
- Geochemical methods of prospecting works on oil and gas.
- Geophysical methods of prospecting works on oil and gas.
- Drilling operations of prospecting works on oil and gas.
- Geological methods of search and investigation oil and gas fields.
- Geophysical methods of search and investigation of oil and gas fields.
- Hydro geochemical methods of search and investigation of oil and gas fields.
- Concept about a well.
- Classification of ways of drilling.
- Cycle of construction of a well.
- Washing of wells.
- Geological field characteristic of productive layers.
- Operating modes of deposits.
- Artificial methods of impact on oil layers and critical area
- Methods of maintenance of sheeted pressure.
- The methods increasing permeability of layer and critical area.
- Methods of increase of oil recovery and gas recovery of layers.
- Ways of wells operation.
- Equipment of a face of wells.
- Simultaneous separate operation of several layers by one well.
-Systems of collecting oil on crafts.
-Installation of complex preparation of oil.
-Systems of trade collecting natural gas.
-Trade preparation of gas.
-Protection of trade pipelines and the equipment against corrosion.
-Stages of development of deposits.
-Oil refining products.
-Preparation of oil for processing, primary oil refining.
-Types of oil refineries.
-Ways of transportation of oil, oil products and gas.
-Structure of the works performed at construction of linear part of pipelines.
-The properties of oil influencing technology of its transport.
-Classification of oil pipelines.
- Main objects and constructions of the main oil pipeline.
- Means of protection of pipelines from corrosion.
- Tanks and reservoir parks in system of the main oil pipelines.
- Transfer systems.
- Transfer high-viscosity and high-stiffening the oil.
- The properties of oil products influencing on technology of their transport.
- Characteristic of oil pipelines.
- Features of pipeline transport of oil products.
- Classification of oil depots.
- Tanks of oil depots.
- Devices for railway tanks.
- Underground storage of oil products.
- The properties of gases influencing technology of their transport.
- Classification of the main gas pipelines.
- Main objects and constructions of the main gas pipeline.
- Gas-distributing units and devices for gas cooling.
- Unevenness of gas consumption and methods of its compensation.
- Underground gas storages.
- Use of the liquefied hydro carbonic gases in gas supply system.
- Design of the main pipelines.
- Structure of the works performed at a construction pump and compressor stations.
- Classification of drilling rigs.
- Key parameters of drilling rigs.
- Type and loading capacity choice.
- Tower and block-tackle arrangement system.
- Stock of loading capacity of the drilling rig.
- Boring pumps.
- Boring winches.
- Rotor.
- Power drives of drilling rigs.
- Equipment for cleaning and preparation, regeneration of flushing liquids.
- CHOICE OF THE EQUIPMENT FOR SPECIFIC CONDITIONS.
- KEY PARAMETERS AND SCHEMES OF PREVENTORY INSTALLATIONS.
- COLUMNED HEADS
- CHARACTERISTIC OF BORING PUMPS.
- CABLES, STRENGTH CHARACTERISTIC.
- MAIN CONSTRUCTIVE REQUIREMENTS TO THE EQUIPMENT OF DRILLING RIGS.
- OIL AND GAS ON THE WORLD MAP.
- STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION INDUSTRY OF RUSSIA.
- TYPES AND CATEGORIES OF STOCKS OF OIL.
- VOLUME METHOD OF STOCKS CALCULATION. METHOD OF MATERIAL BALANCE.
- CLASSIFICATION OF HYDROCARBONIC DEPOSITS.
- NATURAL OPERATING MODES OF HYDROCARBONIC DEPOSITS.
- SYSTEMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROCARBONIC DEPOSITS IN A MAINTENANCE MODE SHEETED PRESSURE.
- Primeter, marginal and INTRA PLANIMETRIC FLOODING.
- MAINTENANCE OF SHEETED PRESSURE BY PUMPING GAS.
- THE TECHNOGENIC DEFORMATION PROCESSES CAUSED BY DEVELOPMENT HYDROCARBONIC DEPOSITS. TECHNOGENIC CONSEQUENCES OF DEVELOPMENT.
- THE MAJOR FACTORS DEFINING EFFICIENCY OF VULGAR FLOODING
- SYSTEMS OF PLACEMENT OF WELLS AT VULGAR FLOODING.
- DESIGN OF DEVELOPMENT OF FIELDS.
- STAGES OF FIELDS DEVELOPMENT.
- BASES OF SECONDARY OPENING OF LAYER: EXPLOSIVE, MECHANICAL, CHEMICAL AND HYDROSANDING METHODS OF
OPENING.
- STANDARD DESIGNS OF WELLS FACES.
- HYDRODYNAMIC IMPROVEMENT OF WELLS.
- CALL OF INFLOW AND DEVELOPMENT OF WELLS.
- HUDRAUTIC FLACTURING
- INSTANT DEPRESSION ON LAYER
- ACID, THERMAL ACID PROCESSINGS.
- Ways of oil recovery increasing.
- Oil recovery increase at the expense of increase coefficient of replacement.
- Thermal and thermo chemical methods of oil recovery increasing.
- Features of gas development and gas condensate deposits.
- Physic mechanical properties of breeds collectors.
- Structure of sheeted fluids and mineralization of underground waters.
- Control methods of a technical condition of upsetting columns.
- Definition of zones of compatibility, number of upsetting columns and depths of their
descent.
- Purpose of leading boring pipes.
- Chisels with diamond and hard-alloy arms.
- Reagents and additives for regulation of properties of boring flushing solutions.
- Weighting compounds.
- The main materials for preparation of the basic boring flushing solutions.
- The main weighting compounds applied at drilling of oil and gas wells.
- Operating conditions of a boring column.
- Classification of ways of drilling.
- Determination of commercial speed of a driving.
- The purposes and problems of the directed drilling of wells.
- Method of calculation of one-stage cementation of wells.
- Main recommendations about a choice of buffer liquids.
- Industrial equipment for upsetting columns.
- Secondary opening of productive layers.
- Cumulative perforation.
- Hydro sanding perforation.
- Profiles of wells.
- Purpose of the damper shock-absorber for drilling of wells.
- Appointment standard of carotage.
- Safety measures at chemical processing of flushing liquids.
- Properties of materials for preparation of boring solutions.
-Functions of boring solutions.
-Density of boring solution.
-Viscosity.
-Water return.
-SNS of boring solution. Thixotropy.
-Indexes of water return and viscosity.
-Chemical processing of boring solutions.
-Weighting compounds.
-Role of boring solution in ensuring conducting of wells.
-Indicators of quality of boring solutions.
-Reagents stabilizers.
-Hydrogen indicator or PH.
-Devices for determination of parameters of solution.
-Aerometer.
-Requirements to boring solution.
-Solution methods of quality control.
-Environmental protection at preparation of boring solution.
-Environmental protection when processing solution,
-Order of a choice of parameters of solution to drilling intervals.
-Procedure of payments of washing of a well.
-Classification of boring solutions.
-Equipment for preparation of solutions.
-Circulating systems of drilling rigs.
-Methods of measurement of parameters of solutions.
-Methods of studying of the absorbing horizons.
-Prevention and absorption boring of solutions.
-Drilling of wells with washing with the aerated boring solutions
- Insulating works with packers.
- Mixes elimination of absorption when drilling wells.
- Ways and technical means for fight against absorption.
-Gas-manifestations when fastening wells.
-Grouting mortors structures for elimination of oil and gas manifestations.
-The factors influencing emergence of holding straps colons of pipes.
-Prevention of holding straps.
-Elimination of holding straps.
-The factors promoting emergence of accidents.
-Accidents with wells.
-Destructions of elements of a boring column.
-Open emergency fountains
- Fascinating tools.
-Hurling back of the taken pipes and tools.
-Extraction of small subjects.
-Fishing jobs caused by leaving in a well of tools on a cable or a rope. -Extraction
from wells of the taken packers.
-Fishing jobs in cavities.
-Technological and technical features of drilling at equilibrium and unbalanced pressure in
system layer well.
- The special control head for drilling at equilibrium and unbalanced pressure on a well face.
- Fillers for isolation of zones of absorption.
- Recognition of gas emission and choice of modes of its elimination.
- Complex of works on completion of wells
- Types of collectors.
- Impact of flushing solution on various types of collectors.
- Influence of flushing liquid on layer.
- Requirements to flushing liquid.
- Types of boring solutions.
- Ways of fastening of faces.
- Choice like well design.
- Choice like well design for carbonate breeds.
-Scheme of a choice of a design of a well.
- Secondary opening of layer.
- Types of punchers. Case punchers, packageless, bullet, torpedoing of wells, hydrosanding
perforation.
- Technical characteristics of punchers.
- Well development.
- The work scheme on well development.
- Methods of impact on a critical area of layer.
- Methods of impact on a critical area of layer. Chemical method.
- Methods of impact on a critical area of layer. Hydro mechanical method.
- Methods of impact on a critical area of layer. Thermal method.
- Methods of impact on a critical area of layer. Acid processing.
- Methods of impact on a critical area of layer. Combined method.
- Methods of impact on а critical area of layer. Layer hydraulic fracturing.
- Methods of impact on a critical area of layer. Face vibro processing wells.
- Methods of impact on a critical area of layer. Thermal acid processing.
- Inflow call by means of the compressor.
- Inflow call by means of the compressor. Forcing of air packs.
- Inflow call by means of the compressor. Air aeration.
- Inflow call by means of the compressor. Method of washing of a well foams. Inflow call by
means of the compressor. Well start in work by means of starting valves.
- Chemical methods of impact on layer. Hydrochloric acid.
- Chemical methods of impact on layer.
- Chemical methods of impact on layer.
- Layer hydraulic fracturing. Gap liquid.
- Design of operations GRP.
- HKT.