AR6_SA_U1_L11_VS
Lesson
Objective
Course
Semester
Unit
Lesson
Art 6
A
1
11
The student will learn about Neolithic ceramics.
Visual
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Audio
Long before the Bronze Age, some of the
same shapes were being used in various
Neolithic cultures.
Mostly hand built, these red, grey, and
black wares often reveal a craftsmanship
and beauty exceptional for their age.
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Once the crafting of bronze, lacquer, and
precious metals was mastered, the ritual
status afforded to ceramics declined.
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Soon after, ceramic shapes began to
imitate those of metal almost as soon as
the latter appeared.
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There are four main types of Neolithic
pottery:
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Neolithic soft ware
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Djeitun ware
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Ismailabad ware
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and burnished gray ware.
Let’s explore these forms of Neolithic
ceramics and how they defined the art of
the time period.
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Neolithic soft ware is lightly fired,
handmade, chaff-tempered, thick, and
crumbly.
Neolithic Soft Ware AND Djeitun Ware
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It is also well-preserved, and examples are
highly burnished.
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The normal surface color is a light buffbrown.
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Some pieces have been washed with red
ocher.
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The most common form was a deep bowl
resembling a beaker, with slightly concave
sides and a rounded rim.
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Djeitun ware is a thin, handmade ware
with a cream slip decorated in geometric
patterns of red or black paint.
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It was fired in a reducing atmosphere in
closed kilns.
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The makeup is thinner and denser than
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that of the painted soft ware.
http://www.morguefile.com/archive/displ
ay/213400>
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Few shapes have been reconstructed.
Decoration appears most often on the
exterior of small bowls with simple rims,
rather like cups.
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Ismailabad ware was the most readily
identifiable example of Neolithic ceramics.
Ismailabad Ware
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It has an orange-to-red surface color,
often with a thin light gray or pink core.
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The handmade ware is relatively thin and
is tempered with very fine chaff.
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The thinnest and densest pieces produce a
“clink” when struck.
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The surface is usually smoothed or lightly
burnished and often shows scraping
marks.
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Designs are painted in black, toning to
gray or brown.
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The motifs on the thinnest pieces are
drawn in very fine lines.
Others are bolder and sometimes have
fuzzy edges, owing to moisture on the
surface of the vessel at the time of
painting.
Very common are cup-shaped bowls
painted on the exterior, usually with two
parallel bands around the rim.
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Burnished gray ware is light gray, and
highly burnished.
Burnished Gray Ware
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Declining percentages of painted ware
reveal a major shift to burnished gray
ware a few centuries after it appeared.
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This period of transition is also reflected in
a number of graves in which both types of
pottery were found, after which the gray
ware appeared alone.
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This ware actually ranges from black
through dark or light gray to grayishbrown.
One specimen of “black” pottery differed
from the usual gray. It contained
carbonaceous matter and was highly
burnished.
The paste of the gray pottery is usually
medium to fine.
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Some of the vessels were wheel-made,
but many involved hand shaping.
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They consisted of bowls on tall stems with
flaring bases.
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The bowls themselves vary from round
cups and goblets to open forms with
splayed sides and tall chalices.
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As you can see, the varying types of
Neolithic ceramics were veritable
rainbows of pottery in history.