Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
NWI Objective 1: Encouraged/supported / advanced innovation in
water supply sourcing, treatment and discharge
59
1.1
NSW: Eurobodalla Integrated Water Cycle Management (IWCM) Strategy
................................................................................................................ 60
1.2
SA: Waterproofing Northern Adelaide ..................................................... 65
NWI Objective 2: Encouraged/supported/advanced water reuse
and recycling
72
2.1
ACT: Canberra Integrated Urban Waterways .......................................... 73
2.2
NSW: Berridale Sewage Treatment Plant Augmentation Project - Phase 2
Reuse of treated effluent at the Coolamatong Golf Course ..................... 79
2.3
NSW: Chatswood CBD & Civic Place Integrated Water Management
System & Educational Facility ................................................................. 82
2.4
NSW: Water Plan for Eden-Monaro - Tumut Golf Club Effluent Reuse
Scheme ................................................................................................... 86
2.5
QLD: Mackay Wastewater Recycling Project .......................................... 90
2.6
QLD: Waste Water Diversion Pipeline, Pump Station and Associated
Works: Townsville City Council- Integrated Regional Water Strategy ..... 94
2.7
SA: Statewide Wastewater Recycling Project ......................................... 98
2.8
SA: Water Proofing the South ............................................................... 103
2.9
VIC: Bendigo - Recycled Water project ................................................. 108
2.10
WA: Groundwater Replenishment Trial Project (Beenyup) ................... 113
NWI Objective 3: Increased productivity and water use efficiency
in agriculture
119
3.1
NSW: Coleambally Water Smart Australia Project (CWSA Project) ...... 120
3.2
NSW: Lake Brewster Water Efficiency Project ...................................... 126
3.3
SA: Remote Reading of Irrigation Water Meters ................................... 130
3.4
TAS: Tasmanian Water Use Management Project (TWUMP) ............... 135
3.5
VIC: Macalister Channel Automation Project ........................................ 141
3.6
VIC: Restoring Unregulated Rivers - establishing sustainable
management of water allocations in unregulated rivers across Victoria 147
NWI Objective 4: Increased urban water efficiency and
encouraged/supported/advanced water sensitive urban
development
4.1
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NAT: Implementation of the Smart Approved WaterMark (SAWM)
Scheme ................................................................................................. 153
56
5
6
7
4.2
NSW: Water Loss Management Program for Regional Water Utilities .. 157
4.3
QLD: Capturing Water Losses Through Pressure Management ........... 161
4.4
QLD: Smart Metering and Sustainable Water Pricing Initiative ............. 165
4.5
QLD: Western Corridor Recycled Water Project (WCRWP).................. 170
4.6
SA: Metropolitan Adelaide Major Irrigators’ Stormwater Reuse Project 176
4.7
VIC: Regional Roof Water Harvesting Project (Warrnambool) .............. 184
NWI Objective 5: Improved the management of surface and
groundwater as connected systems
189
5.1
NAT: A national perspective on the magnitude of river - groundwater
interaction and associated impacts on water resources ........................ 190
5.2
SA: Improve the knowledge of groundwater flow mechanisms in fractured
rock aquifers in the Mount Lofty Ranges, Northern Adelaide Plains and
Kangaroo Island .................................................................................... 194
5.3
SA: Integrated water resource management in the South East of South
Australia ................................................................................................ 199
5.4
VIC: Establishment of Sustainable Groundwater Management ............. 205
NWI Objective 6: Protected surface water and groundwater
systems of high conservation value
211
6.1
NSW: Braidwood Sewage Treatment Plant ........................................... 212
6.2
NSW: Hawkesbury-Nepean River Recovery Project ............................. 215
6.3
NSW: Rivers Environmental Restoration Program ................................ 221
6.4
SA: Restoring Flows to the Wetlands of the Upper South East of South
Australia ................................................................................................ 228
NWI Objective 7: Provided healthy, safe and reliable water
supplies
233
7.1
NSW: Bega to Yellow Pinch Water Transfer System ............................ 234
7.2
NSW: Braidwood Water Treatment Plant .............................................. 237
7.3
NSW: Bungendore Water Supply Augmentation ................................... 241
7.4
NSW: Feasibility Study for Water Storage Options in Nimmitabel ......... 244
7.5
NSW: Goulburn Water Supply Emergency Pipeline from the
Wingecarribee ....................................................................................... 248
7.6
NSW: Lower Wyong to Mangrove Dam Water Transfer Project............ 252
7.7
NSW: Split Rock Dam to Barraba Pipeline ............................................ 257
7.8
NSW: Tumbarumba Water Treatment Plant Upgrade ........................... 261
7.9
NSW: Water Quality 2010 ..................................................................... 264
7.10
QLD: Capricorn Coast Water Supply Pipeline from Fitzroy River and
Associated Infrastructure....................................................................... 271
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7.11
8
9
VIC: Ballarat Goldfields Superpipe ........................................................ 276
NWI Objective 8: Returned over-allocated and overused river
systems to environmentally sustainable levels of extraction 279
8.1
NAT/NSW: Murrumbidgee River Reach .... Error! Bookmark not defined.
8.2
NSW: Achieving Sustainable Groundwater Entitlements ...................... 286
8.3
NSW: Hydrometric Network Expansion ................................................. 294
8.4
NSW: Pipeline NSW Project .................................................................. 300
8.5
NSW: NSW Wetland Recovery Plan ..................................................... 306
8.6
QLD: Bundaberg Groundwater Rescue Feasibility Study and Preliminary
Design ................................................................................................... 312
8.7
SA: Virginia Pipeline Extension Scheme ............................................... 317
8.8
VIC: Wimmera Mallee Pipeline .............................................................. 321
8.9
WA: Restoration of the Groundwater Aquifer on the Cottesloe Peninsula.
.............................................................................................................. 327
NWI Objective 9: Supported statutory water planning
331
9.1
NT: Gulf Water Study: Smart use of Scientific and Indigenous Knowledge
Systems for Effective Management of Healthy Groundwater and Rivers
.............................................................................................................. 332
9.2
NT: Sustainable Development and Management of Water Resources in
Northern Australia ................................................................................. 339
9.3
SA: Implementation of the National Water Initiative .............................. 347
9.4
SA: Sustainable Management of Water Resources in the Mount Lofty
Ranges .................................................................................................. 357
9.5
TAS: Enhancing Water Resource Planning........................................... 362
9.6
WA: Integrated Water Resource Management for the Collie Catchment
.............................................................................................................. 368
9.7
WA: South West Groundwater Areas Management Plan ...................... 375
9.8
WA: Statutory Water Planning in the Pilbara ......................................... 383
9.9
WA: Support for a Statutory Water Plan for the Gnangara Mound ........ 391
10 NWI Objective 10: Supported water markets and trading
399
10.1
NSW: Hunter, Gosford Wyong Regional Water Sharing Project ........... 400
10.2
SA: Environmental Water Trading System ............................................ 405
10.3
VIC: Goldfields Superpipe – Bendigo Interconnect Project .................. 411
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1
NWI Objective 1:
Encouraged/supported /
advanced innovation in water
supply sourcing, treatment and
discharge
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Project Title
1.1
Project
Proponent
NSW: Eurobodalla
Integrated Water Cycle
Management (IWCM)
Strategy
Date Funding
Agreement signed
30/09/2008
Eurobodalla Shire Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
April 2010
Project Location
Eurobodalla Shire
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
Endorsed: $15,000,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$52,000,000
NWI Objective/s
1. Encourage innovation in water supply sourcing, treatment and discharge.
Actuals: $14,999,997
Project Summary Description
The project was for the construction of a 29 km pipeline and associated pump station and a new water
treatment facility in north Eurobodalla Shire to harvest water from the Moruya River during periods of high
flow for storage in the Deep Creek Dam. The completed pump station and pipeline now has the capacity to
pump 30 ML/d directly from the Moruya River to Deep Creek Dam and has been constructed to meet the
objectives of the project. The pipeline has been in operation for almost 2 years. The completed Northern
Water System Treatment Plant has been supplying the entire Eurobodalla Shire with drinking water since
March 2011.
The project is a key component of the Eurobodalla Shire Council’s award winning Integrated Water Cycle
Management Strategy. The Council reports that following construction of the pipeline the recovery period for
water storage (to 90%, considered outside the volume needed to remove water restrictions) was 120 days,
whereas without the pipeline this time was 310 days. This demonstrates that the changed practices have
substantially improved overall water management in the Eurobodalla Shire.
Project Objective/s
The objective of the Moruya to Deep Creek Dam Pipeline (MDCDP) was to improve the secure yield of the
Eurobodalla water supply system while allowing Council to cease pumping from the Moruya River during low
flow events, and harvest greater volumes of water during high flow events, thus reducing the stress on the
river ecosystem. The Pipeline was intended to reduce the risk to the community’s drinking water quality by
being a dedicated water transfer main to the Deep Creek Dam. Increasing the number of barriers between
the source of water and the consumer is in line with the risk based approach put forward in the Australian
Drinking Water Guidelines (ADWG).
The objectives of the northern system water treatment plant (NSWTP) are to provide water quality security to
the Eurobodalla community and provide higher quality drinking water. In the recent past there have been
concerns over potential blue green algal blooms in Deep Creek Dam (the only water storage in the shire).
Additional conditions of funding that should be considered part of the project objectives are as follows:
1. Ongoing commitment to the Integrated Water Cycle Management System (IWCMS).
2. Improved environmental flows through reduction of low flow pumping
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3. Works to be compliant with the environmental flow requirements of the water sharing plans
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Completion of MDCD pipeline and associated works, including contractor
establishment from the site.
Pipeline construction completed 30 November 2008
Delay in testing until Feb 2010.
Provision of chlorination and water quality monitoring equipment and standby
pump unit at Moruya River Intake pump station (independent of treatment plant
construction contract).
Completed 30 Nov 2008.
Completion of tender documentation and award of contract for design and
construct of the northern water treatment plant.
Complete 28 Feb 2009.
Construction and commissioning of the Northern Water Treatment Plant, including
provision of O&M Manuals, as constructed drawings and training for operators.
Completed in Sept 2011 (after project completion). Treatment plant is in the postcompletion period currently (where defects need to be repaired by the contractor.)
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The works constructed are consistent with the project objectives. Based on achievement
of all intended project outcomes, all of the project objectives can be considered met.
Evidence of achievement of objectives is provided in the in the final report with photos
and summaries as follows:

The new pump station and pipeline now has the capacity to pump 30 ML/d directly
from the Moruya River to Deep Creek Dam, as intended in the original design. This
allows the water supply system to recover more quickly from drought whilst
minimising pumping during low flows. The pipeline has been in operation for almost
2 years.

The Northern Water System Treatment Plant has been supplying the entire Shire with
drinking water since March 2011. It currently has the capacity to treat 20 ML/d. In
addition to constructed works, future security has been improved by provision for the
ability to expand the water treatment from 20 ML/d to 30 ML/d capacity with
installation of a fourth filter.
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
In addition to meeting the capital works outcomes of the project, the council has
demonstrated that other requirements of the conditions of funding have been met.
These are as follows:
– Ongoing commitment to the Integrated Water Cycle Management System
(IWCMS): this has been provided with a combination of large scale capital works
projects and demand management measures all aimed at meeting future
predicted demands, environmental flow and STP discharge licence requirements
and reducing environmental discharges.
– Improved environmental flows through reduction of low flow pumping: inclusion of
variable speed drives allows pumping rates to be varied depending on the flows in
the river at the time and the corresponding water sharing plan entitlements.
– The works are compliant with the environmental flow requirements of the Water
Sharing Plan. The NSW Government draft Water Sharing Plan sets flow limits
below which pumping will not be permitted. Analyses have demonstrated that,
provided the MDCDP and NSWTP are in operation, and the planned upgrade of
the Tuross pump station is also completed, Council will be able to comply with the
proposed draft Water Sharing Plan rules without reaching emergency low storage
levels in Deep Creek Dam.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 1. Encourage innovation in water supply sourcing, treatment and
discharge.
The project was innovative in its approach to protecting environmental (low) flows in the
Moruya River and improving the reliability of supply. In particular, the council reports
that following construction of the pipeline the recovery period for water storage (to 90%,
considered outside the volume needed to remove water restrictions) was 120 days,
whereas without the pipeline this time was 310 days. This demonstrates that the
changed practices have substantially improved overall water management in the
Eurobodalla Shire.
In addition to innovation in management practices the project has demonstrated
innovative technology in control (this was the subsequent reason for an award in 2012 of
Excellence Award for Innovation in Water Supply and Wastewater at the NSW Institute
of Public Works Engineers Australia (IPWEA)).
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate
the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
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The project has not advanced the state of development of technology/technologies
in any significant way. However, the Northern Water Treatment Plant won the 2012
Excellence Award for Innovation in Water Supply and Wastewater at the NSW
Institute of Public Works Engineers Australia (IPWEA) for the plant's "virtual control
room". This allows for use of smartphones and tablets for remote control of the
treatment plant. The system was developed in-house by Council's water and sewer
staff and then incorporated into the design and construction of the overall Treatment
Plant by the Water Infrastructure Group. This idea is an example of advanced
technology that could provide benefit to other regional communities in Australia if
62
adopted.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
The project uses smart/modern water treatment and pumping technologies, but
does not necessarily advance the uptake of these beyond its own use of them.
This includes attention to energy minimisation with efficient water treatment
technology, allowance for adjustment of levels to increase pumping efficiency and
optimise water management of the system, and allowing off-peak pumping from the
plant to the storage dam.
The water treatment plant is designed to treat highly turbid river water to allow
extraction during high flow events.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The project developed a mechanism for reducing stress on the river and improving
reliability of water supply. This type of water management that considers both
environmental and social outcomes under the same strategy, although not brand
new, was innovative to some degree for NSW.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The project has enabled:

Offsite monitoring of water treatment plants.

Minimisation of power usage

Extraction of water from rivers during high flow periods to reduce stress on the
environment.

Improving security of water supplies.
However, it has not necessarily advanced the uptake of these practices beyond its
own use of them.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
The proponent reports that WSA provided good support, and enabled flexibility in
timelines where reasons could be provided for delays (e.g. when drought prevented
testing of the pipeline).
WSA is not reported to have provided any active support to the project outside the
financial commitment, with the council giving the government regular updates on
progress.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
No unexpected outcomes. However there were unexpected events that impacted
upon:
Progress - due to drought there was ~ 1 year delay in testing of Moruya to Deep
Creek Dam pipeline – they were required to wait until flows returned to
Moruya/Deua River; and
Performance - there were issues with the VSDs at the river pump station causing
total harmonic distortion and resulting in problems with power in the area
surrounding. Apparently these VSD issues are creating increasing problems for
power companies. At Eurobodalla these problems have been almost resolved.
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Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
The issues regarding VSDs are a caution for other projects to be careful with power
interface when these are required for pumping flexibility. The power company
should potentially be contacted prior to installation.
Need to keep Commonwealth informed of all issues – including potential political,
time and cost impacts;
The project would have benefitted from a more generous timeline with contingency,
more emphasis on appropriate reporting to enable information to be extracted and
made public, and better up-front communication guidance and requirements
(internal and external).
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Project Title
1.2
Project Proponent
SA: Waterproofing
Northern Adelaide
Date Funding
Agreement signed
16/04/2007
Waterproofing Northern
Adelaide Regional
Subsidiary
Date Completed
(final/last report)
30/09/2010
Project Location
Northern Adelaide Plains
State
SA
Australian Government
Contribution (GST Excl.)
$38,000,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$85,087,000
NWI Objective/s
1. Encourage innovation in water supply sourcing, treatment and discharge
Project Summary Description
The project was developed to provide infrastructure to integrate stormwater, groundwater, wastewater and
drinking water systems in the Northern Adelaide Plains region (local government areas of City of Tea Tree
Gully, City of Salisbury and City of Playford). A major element of the project included the capture and
treatment of stormwater for aquifer storage and recovery (ASR).
At the outset a program of 32 Capital Works was set out in the Funding Deed and each of these were
assigned to Milestones. During the project the program was revised due to increased cost (from initial
agreement expectations) and identified opportunities for increased efficiency at particular sites and across the
network. The revised program was reduced to 26 capital works, all of which have been completed. The
successful completion of the capital works have allowed for achievement of the remaining project objectives
either in the immediate future or following further works that have been deemed outside the scope of this
project.
As a result of the project, Council has also implemented water pricing consistent with State progress towards
COA and NWI pricing principles
Project Objective/s:
a. Provide and manage a sustainable water supply system for non-potable purposes in the urban areas of
the Councils of City of Salisbury, City of Playford and City of Tea Tree Gully.
b. Recharge groundwater systems (T1 and T2) of the Northern Adelaide Plains by a target of 5 GL per year
(4.3 GL/year during the evaluation period). This aims to return stressed aquifers of the Northern Adelaide
Plains towards sustainable levels, specifically the additional recharge to aquifers aims to return the
Penrice (Dry Creek) T1 cone of depression to sustainable levels, return the Waterloo Corner cone of
depressions, T1, to sustainable levels and contribute to returning the Virginia T2 cone of depression
towards sustainable levels.
c.
Sustain riverine environments in Dry Creek, Little Para, Helps Road Drain and Smiths Creek through
provision of environmental flows (though managed releases at appropriate levels and timing to maintain
environmental and developed assets), wetlands and linear parks.
d. Provide a sustainable harvest of water from recycled stormwater, recycled wastewater and groundwater to
provide community (parks, recreation facilities, gardens, schools, and open spaces), residential (garden
and toilet use), industrial users and commercial irrigators (nurseries, intensive horticulture) with water in
the project area.
e. Implement water pricing consistent with State progress towards COA and NWI pricing principles.
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f.
Enhance urban environments with wetlands, water features, irrigated landscapes and recreation areas,
particularly in urban renewal areas.
g. Demonstrate best practice and innovation in integrated water management in an urban setting, including
aquifer storage and recovery and water reuse, the use of aquifers to treat water to drinking water quality,
controllable detentions to maximise capture of stormwater for reuse, hydrological modelling and
monitoring and adaptive management
h. Implement sustainable management of catchments, surface and groundwater systems in the urban areas
of the region.
i.
Reuse stormwater to reduce ocean outfalls through the Barker Inlet by a target of 20 GL per year lowering
adverse impacts on ocean ecosystems.
j.
Substitute a target of 12 GL of potable water with recycled water, which will reduce the region’s
dependence on drinking water systems by 6%.
k.
Replace a target of 1.2 GL of water currently sourced from stressed groundwater systems, and recharge a
target of 5 GL per year to the aquifers.
l.
Increase efficiency of water use by community, industrial, residential and horticultural consumers through
education and promotion of efficient water use.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Capital Works
At the outset a program of 32 Capital Works was set out in the Funding Deed and each
of these were assigned to Milestones. During the project the program was revised due
to increased cost (from initial agreement expectations) and identified opportunities for
increased efficiency at particular sites and across the network.
The revised program was reduced to 26 Capital Works. All of these were completed.
The final project report demonstrates with photographic evidence the construction and
completion of a number of the proposed bores, wetlands and mechanical treatment
systems.
Additional works (removed from the WSA program) will be completed as part of the
Water for the Future program. The final report clearly delineates between works that
were required to be completed under the WSA project and the proposed areas of
expansion for future work (to be completed as part of the Water for the Future program).
Other Project Activities:
A number of activities in addition to capital works were identified that can be classified as managerial,
research or analytical. These activities have all been completed and reports have been posted on the project
website. An outline of particular outcomes is provided below.
Aquifer storage transfer and recovery (ASTR):
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Manage detention of stormwater within the aquifer to determine the period of time it
takes to achieve drinking water of drinking quality, before extracting.
Findings summarised in final report:
Research into the time effect of detention in the aquifer on water quality, particularly
pathogens found that the reduction of bacteria and protozoa was rapid in storage;
however the decline of viruses was very slow. The conclusion of the research was that
detention can provide a worthwhile supplement to the treatment train but will not
eliminate the need to disinfect the water for some uses (e.g. use within dwellings). In
summary, the purpose of water use needs to be evaluated against the disinfection
provided in the system to determine the optimum process.
Controllable detentions:
Installation of two forms of controlled detention, flood control wetlands and new rainwater
tanks at residential properties with valves installed to control release from tanks to
wetlands during rain events. The system will allow remote control of valves from a
central SCADA system, with use of information of (i) storage volume available; and (ii)
up-to-date Bureau of Meteorology weather information. This is intended to increase the
harvest capacity from a catchment and will be extended to work on at least one flood
control dam.
Findings summarised in final report:
The use of large flood control detentions was demonstrated to provide considerable
improvement in harvest efficiency.
Heat Transfer from mains (proposed initially at Andrews Farm on main transferring to
the Playford North Urban Renewal area):
A request for partners did not secure an investor and a desktop analysis did not support
this as a viable technology at the time.
Hydrological modelling:
Develop an existing composite hydrological yield and flood peak model (Watercress) for
catchments of the region; licence the three Councils to use the models in their areas;
train students and Council staff in the use of the Watercress model; develop the model to
the point of commercial release with software, manuals and training, make the model
available through the University of South Australia.
Findings summarised in final report:

Regional modelling confirmed the water resources available for harvesting.

Geohydrologic modelling confirmed the acceptable injection and extraction criteria
for the tertiary aquifers and confirmed the long-term sustainability of the ASR
aspects of the scheme.
Risk Management Plan
Evidence of completion in Section 3.1.6 of final report
Project Progress Reporting
Evidence of completion in Section 3.1.7 of final report
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Communications Strategy
Evidence of completion in Chapter 9 of final report
Demonstration Strategy
Evidence of completion in Chapter 10 of final report
Integrated Water Cycle Management Planning
Evidence of completion in Section 3.1.9 of final report
Regional geohydrology
Evidence of completion in Section 3.1.10 of final report
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project outcomes and activities were developed in alignment with the initial
objectives of the project. The achievement of capital works has allowed for the
objectives (a), (b), (c), (d), (f), (i), (j) and (k) to be met either in the immediate future or
following further works that have been deemed outside the scope of this project.
Objective (e) (relating to water pricing) has been implemented by council with analysis of
the policy on pricing of urban water, including seeking of legal advice on the
mechanisms for charging of water. Working sessions have been held to develop policies
for water pricing, leading to development of a coordinated strategy that has been
implemented by the three constituent councils.
Objective (f) has been implemented partly with capital works as part of this project and
also through the development of greenways in associated projects.
Objective (g) has been implemented with demonstration of flexibility to adapt to changed
knowledge regarding integrated water management with the finding that the individual
plans of the councils required revision into a single plan. The corporation across
councils and the development of software suitable for enhancing the accuracy of inputs
to water cycle management planning have demonstrated innovation under this objective.
Objective (h) has been implemented with extensive research and analysis of appropriate
water allocations for sustainable management of catchments, surface water and
groundwater.
Objective (l), relating to the increase efficiency of water use by community, industrial,
residential and horticultural consumers through education and promotion of efficient
water use has been met through the provision of infrastructure and an effort to make
publically available the mechanisms that are being implemented by the council for
improved water cycle management. Although there is no evidence to indicate that direct
education has been provided to water users to reduce consumption, the council has
clearly invested time and resources in promoting awareness around water consumption
in the community.
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To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 1. Encourage innovation in water supply sourcing, treatment and
discharge
The project has demonstrated integrated development at the planning stage of
stormwater, groundwater, wastewater and drinking water systems. The key innovation
of the project has been in optimising management of water resources across several
sources and distribution networks. In addition to a holistic management approach this
included:

The use and development of advanced modelling software to assess water
resources available.

The adoption of innovative technologies, although not entirely new, through the
program of capital works, to optimise project implementation and future operation.

Assessment of individual pathogens against fit-for-purpose disinfection requirements
and analysis of the benefit of storage as well as treatment in removal efficacy.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project
increased or
advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologi
es in water use in the
water industry?
The project advanced the development of software technology, in particular that for
hydrological modelling. During the project the WaterCress model was developed to a
stage where the National Water Commission (NWC) could release it for use in
Australia. Also, the International Centre of Excellence in Water Resources
Management (Icewarm) expressed interest in adopting this model for hydrological
analysis of other areas.
Has the project
increased or
advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water
use in the water
industry?
The project has advanced the uptake of several technologies in the water industry to
improve the reliability and robustness of supply. This uptake has occurred within the
project itself, and may occur on a broader scale given the interest the project has
attracted from around the nation. The technologies include the following:
1. Fit for purpose infrastructure to deliver recycled water. In particular, the use of
directional drilling to lay distribution networks in built up ‘brownfield’ urban areas
where there had been concern that retro-fitting of such infrastructure may not be
feasible.
2. Advanced computer and communications technology to collect data on the system
and control it from a central location with the system being able to analyse the
data into reporting formats suitable for the regulatory authorities. This allowed
operation of the systems to be fine-tuned and operating costs contained. In
addition this formed the platform for the development of automated data transfer to
the Bureau of Meteorology and Regional Natural Resource Management Board for
public information via their respective websites.
An example of the advantage provided in this technology was in the use of remote
controlled release from rainwater tanks to wetland to maximise harvest from the
catchment during rain events.
3. The use of mechanical treatment (flocculation, filtration and disinfection) for
treatment of stormwater from a large storage dam for injection into an aquifer.
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Previously, open water wetlands, which occupy significantly more space, and in
some instances required greater capital investment, have been used for this
purpose. The use of mechanical treatment technology is expected to allow more
widespread uptake of the practice of stormwater reinjection to aquifers.
Has the project
increased or
advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The project has advanced the development of practices in a number of areas,
including the following:
1. ASR controlled detention: The findings of the ASTR research has led to the
development of analysis methods and understanding to more closely define the
effectiveness of aquifer storage in achieving reductions in pathogens within the
recycled water treatment train. This has developed a “fit for purpose” disinfection
approach for reuse water injected to aquifers. This has led to improvement in
practice in terms of risk reduction without significant cost increase.
2. Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) in Fractured Rock: Considerable improvements
in the preparation of Catchment and Aquifer Risk Assessment were developed
during the project. This included improved consideration of Environmental Values
in Licensing and the monitoring needed to ensure that the system is operating
within approved parameters.
More generally, the proposal is an example of a collaborative Local Government
initiative with a corporation across three councils. As discussed below, the three
Integrated Water Cycle Management Plans (IWCMP) of the councils involved were
developed into a single IWCMP, improving the accuracy and utility of the models and
subsequent plans.
Has the project
increased or
advanced the uptake
of practices in water
use in the water
industry?
The overall objectives of the project have advanced the uptake of a number of
practices that may be used to increase the reliability and robustness of water use with
optimum environmental and social outcomes. Uptake has occurred within the project
itself, and may occur on a broader scale given the interest the project has attracted
from around the nation. This includes the following specific practices:

Accountable, integrated management of catchments, surface and groundwater
systems.

Modelling to support management decisions, including extraction volumes from
groundwater.

Implementation of aquifer storage and recovery to store water and restore
groundwater levels in aquifers.

Provision of environmental flows through controlled release to waterways.

Maximising stormwater reuse for environmental and social purposes.

Reducing reliance on potable water supplies.

Enhancing urban environments with development of wetlands, water features and
recreation areas.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has
WSA provided
support to project
proponents to adapt
23/14220/68110
There were several factors that necessitated review of the program midway through
the project. These include:
70
to changing
circumstances?
Cost:

Change in the relative cost of installing distribution systems due to the
requirement for directional drilling to allow for greater distribution and reduce the
number of harvesting sites.

Cost escalation considerably above the CPI which was higher than allowed for.
Capacity for increased efficiency:

The capacity to increase some sites to match the original planned output.

The capacity to use higher efficiency approaches to wetland development,
including flow control higher in the catchment.

The option to use interconnected distribution systems to expand the area being
serviced and reduce the investment needed at each ASR facility.

The option to defer some bore/ASR development to future works programs.
Evidence was provided of the need for these modifications which reulted in a
reduction from 32 capital cost outcomes to 26 capital cost outcomes, and WSA was
accepting of these changes in the program.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the
project, technically,
institutionally, or in
regard to achievement
of the
outcomes/objectives?
At the outset of the project there were three Integrated Water Cycle Management
Plans (IWCMP) that focussed on management of surface water (and added
stormwater reuse to the flood and environmental protection focus of the catchment
plans).
Describe any lessons
learned from the
project in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
The benefit of research activities to understanding urban stormwater and aquifer
modelling knowledge has been considerable. Including the following:
During the course of the project it became apparent that the three plans no longer
represented the evolving scheme accurately. It was decided to undertake a review of
the plans and integrate them into a single document. The new plan now more
accurately captures the water cycle, including surface water, groundwater, recycled
waste water and imported potable water, in a single integrated plan.

The importance of considering storage times and determining disinfection on a
pathogen-by-pathogen basis available in aquifers.

The utility of remote control of valves with integration of bureau of meteorology
information for optimising water management during flood events.

There is significant advantage in terms of network optimisation in providing an
IWCMP that integrates different catchments into a single plan, with inclusion of all
sources and delivery requirements for water.

Consideration of expected price rises in initial planning, including allowance for
increases above the CPI.

Consideration of the requirement for directional drilling in built up areas and the
need to incorporate this into costing.
In relation to the project administration, the WSA funding model (including spending
Australian Government money first) suited the proponent, and was seen as an
improvement on past situations requiring ‘matching’ or ‘in kind’ contributions.
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71
2
NWI Objective 2:
Encouraged/supported/advanced
water reuse and recycling
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72
Project Title
2.1
Project
Proponent
ACT: Canberra
Integrated Urban
Waterways
Date Funding
Agreement signed
2/03/2007
ACT Government
Date Completed
(final/last report)
June 2011
Project Location
Canberra
State
ACT
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$10,200,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$62,370,000
(for the
overall
project )
NWI Objective/s
2. Encourage reuse and recycling
Project Summary Description
The aim of the project was to undertake feasibility studies and develop integrated waterway management
master plans for established areas of Canberra that lacked adequate pollution control and access to potable
water for irrigation purposes. The master plans were to be developed for the Sullivans Creek Catchment,
Yarralumla Creek Catchment, Weston Creek Catchment and Ginninderra Creek Catchment, and were to
identify sites and infrastructure that would meet multiple waterways objectives.
A phase 1 feasibility study was undertaken by CSIRO to assess the feasibility of achieving a 3 gigalitre per
year water saving target by 2015 and ‘triple bottom line’ outcomes.
A phase 2 feasibility study determined on-ground engineering feasibility. This involved development of a work
plan identifying opportunities for water storage, harvesting and reuse of up to 1.5 gigalitres per year by 2010.
Implementation of the infrastructure identified in the master plans to retrofit the stormwater systems included
detention ponds and wetlands, stormwater reuse, water quality management, drainage and flood
management, wetland landscaping and aquifer storage and recovery.
Project Objective/s
The project objectives, as listed in the funding agreement and final report, are provided below for reference.
However, these include objectives for the broader and longer term project funded largely by the ACT
Government (total $62,370,000 estimated) and are thus are not all relevant for evaluation of the
Commonwealth funded component. Those objectives in highlighted italics are understood to be least relevant:
a. Adopt a holistic approach to the project, incorporating a range of options and taking account of
environmental, social and economic outcomes.
b. Development of four integrated waterway management master plans for the;
– Sullivans Creek Catchment;
– Yarralumla Creek Catchment;
– Weston Creek Catchment; and
– Ginninderra Creek Catchment.
c. Application of waterway values and objectives as a means for metropolitan integration of WSUD based
measures;
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73
d. Application of an integrated urban waterway management approach;
e. Development and refinement of relevant policies, guidelines and procedures;
f. Options for developer contributions to off-site flow detention facilities;
g. Reduce potable supply by reusing at least 3 GL of collected stormwater for urban irrigation;
h. Development and evaluation of urban water management approaches including:
– Detention ponds;
– Infiltration basins;
– Aquifer storage and recovery;
– Wetland landscaping; and
– Stormwater management and flood mitigation.
– Evaluation of catchment runoff and water quality;
– Capacity building within the community.
The project description is generally consistent with the project objectives.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
As per sections A.9 and A.10 (Project Description, and Capital Works and Works
Locations), A.20 (Milestones) and D.1 (Budget) of the funding agreement, the
Commonwealth funded project required:

Undertaking a two-phase feasibility study; Phase 1 (undertaken by CSIRO) was to
test system function, thresholds and options in relation to the water re-use target as
well as considering other ‘triple bottom line’ outcomes; Phase 2 was to determine onground engineering feasibility, produce preliminary plans and determine site costs.

Completion of high value opportunities in the Sullivans Creek catchment, including a
workplan, detailed design and construction.
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
The Phase 1 feasibility study undertaken by CSIRO largely comprised:

Step 1: Identify key study parameters, including climate, study area boundary and
urban land use and development patterns;

Step 2: Identify potential end users of stormwater (e.g. private and public sports and
recreational organisations);

Step 3: Identify potential harvesting options, including existing lakes and ponds
suitable for drawing extra volumes of water, suitable locations and areas available for
new ponds, and aquifers suitable for storing stormwater for later recovery (i.e.
managed aquifer recharge or MAR);

Step 4: Develop guiding principles to identify least-cost harvesting options at the
required supply reliability – cost calculated according to the net present value of
infrastructure life cycle costs;

Step 5: Identify all feasible stormwater supply–demand options and screen them
using the guiding principles developed in Step 4, to develop portfolios of stormwater
harvesting options (e.g. ‘95% volumetric reliability, least-cost portfolio’ comprises a
set of stormwater supply–demand options that collectively have the potential to
achieve 3 GL/yr supply by 2015 at 95% volumetric reliability with least infrastructure
23/14220/68110
74
lifecycle costs);

Step 6: Assess social, ecological and risk implications of stormwater harvesting in
general and for each portfolio – this generic assessment identifies criteria for
assessing performance of portfolios; and

Step 7: Conduct a multi-criteria assessment (MCA) of portfolios to provide an
indication of which portfolio is likely to have greatest ecological, life cycle cost or
social impact (i.e. TBL performance). MCA may also be used for identifying relative
benefits of individual options in a particular portfolio.
The individual components of this work are provided below to represent ‘intended project
outcomes/activities’. The project outcomes appear to have been largely achieved,
however not all activities have been completed as specified (in particular, the magnitude
and temporal pattern of water available from other alternative sources has not been
considered to the extent specified).
Identification of possible spatial locations and quantification of magnitude and temporal
pattern of stormwater available for harvesting through a detailed hydrologic modelling
exercise at metropolitan scale.
This was completed within Steps 1 and 3 of the work undertaken by CSIRO.
Consider the magnitude and temporal pattern of water available from other alternative
sources such as roof water (i.e. rainwater tanks) and grey water (i.e. laundry and
bathroom water from residential developments) and recycled water.
This does not appear to have been done. The CSIRO feasibility study only considered:

Capture in 'stormwater' ponds;

Recovery from deep aquifers using either ASR (i.e. aquifer storage and recovery:
one well or well field for both injection and recovery) or ASTR (i.e. aquifer storage
transfer and recovery: one well or well field for injection and another well or well field
for recovery);

Existing lakes and ponds, with an allowable 1 m drawdown;

Stormwater mixed with locally treated wastewater obtained using an appropriate
sewer mining method to create reclaimed water with end users supplied directly from
ponds;

Stormwater mixed with locally treated wastewater obtained using an appropriate
sewer mining method with end users supplied from aquifers (sewer mining with
aquifer storage – not yet approved under legislation); and

Stormwater recovered from shallow sportsground aquifers confined to the alluvial
gravel material typically found under sportsgrounds for application to sportsgrounds.
Identification of potential users of alternative water sources in terms of spatial locations,
the magnitude and temporal pattern of water use and the quality of water required to
meet the water demand.
This was completed within Step 2 of the work undertaken by CSIRO.
Evaluate economic costs and benefits of the portfolio of options using a relevant
economic analysis method.
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75
This was completed within Step 4 of the work undertaken by CSIRO.
Using the knowledge on potential harvesting options and users of the alternative sources
develop a portfolio of supply/demand options.
This was completed within Step 5 of the work undertaken by CSIRO.
Undertake integrated physical water system modelling at metropolitan scale to
understand water and contaminant balance aspects of supply/demand options.
This was completed within Step 6 of the work undertaken by CSIRO.
Evaluate social acceptance for this portfolio of options. Identify factors that determine
social acceptance for individual options and develop structural and non-structural
measures and include them as part of options to maximize social acceptance.
This was completed within Step 6 of the work undertaken by CSIRO.
Evaluate the portfolio of options within a triple bottom line (TBL) framework. Also,
quantify energy usage and other relevant indicators of sustainable development for each
option and include as part of the TBL evaluation. Rank options based on the TBL
outcomes.
This was completed within Step 7 of the work undertaken by CSIRO.
Evaluate the detailed engineering study of Sullivans Creek Catchment to identify options
for immediate action to trap, store, harvest and reuse stormwater.
The Inner North project (Sullivans Creek) was specified in the Funding Deed. Significant
work had already been undertaken that could be implemented relatively quickly to meet
the tight project timeframe. Funded work in this catchment was able to value-add to
preliminary work undertaken. The ACT Government (in 2005) commissioned preliminary
design option studies for the three of the four pond sites identified for this areas, which
were:

Flemington Road Ponds, Mitchell;

Dickson Pond, Hawdon Street; and

Lyneham Pond, Goodwin Street.
The Works Locations will be determined during the project, firstly in the Sullivans Creek
catchment and then as part of the workplan at the commencement of the second phase
of the project. You are responsible for the proper completion of the Capital Works
specified in this item and all actions incidental to those capital works, at the Works
Locations.
The Water Smart Australia Program funded the Flemington Road Ponds. The first pond
was constructed in 2008 (corner of Morrisett and Flemington Road, Mitchell) and the
second pond was constructed in 2009 (corner of Randwick Road and Flemington Road,
Mitchell).
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has largely been consistent with the objectives that are understood to be
most relevant to the Commonwealth-funded component. However this judgement is
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76
clouded by a lack of certainty between objectives and funding components. An objective
that may not have been met is:
g. Reduce potable supply by reusing at least 3 GL of collected stormwater for urban
irrigation.
This can only be realised over timeframes much larger than that over which the project
spanned, but may occur and is highly relevant to the intent of the funded project
activities.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 2. Encourage reuse and recycling
This project is consistent with the NWI objective to encourage reuse and recycling.
A number of projects have commenced that re-use stormwater across the ACT; with the
potential for over 1.5 gigalitres to be reused when all projects are completed.
The reuse of stormwater has been encouraged through the development of feasibility
studies demonstrating that reuse of up to 3 gigalitres per year of stormwater is feasible
across the four sub-catchments. The reuse and recycling of stormwater has also been
promoted within the community through the community engagement program.
The project is also consistent with a secondary NWI objective to increase urban water
use efficiency and encourage water sensitive urban development. Water sensitive urban
development is encouraged through the development and evaluation of urban water
management approaches (e.g. wetland landscaping).
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying stormwater detention, treatment and reticulation systems in Canberra
from 2007 to 2011.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of
technology/
technologies in water
use in the water
industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating stormwater detention, treatment and reticulation systems into
stormwater management and flood mitigation standard practices or processes.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of practices in relation
to water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying stormwater reuse in Canberra from 2007 to 2011. Water use practices,
in relation to this project, is defined as integrated waterway management
approaches.
There is no evidence that the project has increased or advanced the state of
development of technology or technologies in water use in the water industry.
There is no evidence that the project has increased or advanced the uptake of
technology or technologies in water use in the water industry, outside of the project
area.
The Inner North, Weston Creek and Tuggeranong Stormwater Reticulation
Networks represent an increase in the state of development of practices in relation
to stormwater use in the water industry. The three reticulation networks, which
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77
when established are estimated to supply 500, 225 and 450 ML per year
respectively, being some of the larger stormwater harvesting schemes in Australia.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of practices
in water use in the water
industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating stormwater reuse into stormwater management and flood mitigation
standard practices or processes.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as integrated waterway
management approaches.
There is no evidence that the project has increased or advanced the uptake of
practices in water use in the water industry outside of the project area.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
The project was delayed a number of times, resulting in variations to the funding
agreement, project budget and milestones.
Delays were caused for a number of reasons, including technical delays for
completion of stage 1 and stage 2 feasibility reports, construction delays, and
delays due to timing of cabinet processes/decisions.
The funding agreement was varied because of the delays, changing the final
completion date from 30 May 2010 to June 2011.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the
project, technically,
institutionally, or in
regard to achievement
of the
outcomes/objectives?
A number of project milestones were delayed throughout the project for various
reasons. The feasibility reports took longer than expected to be completed, there
were minor construction delays, and there were also delays due to the timing of
cabinet process/decisions.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
No lessons learned were identified.
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Project Title
2.2
Project
Proponent
NSW: Berridale Sewage
Treatment Plant
Augmentation Project Phase 2 Reuse of
treated effluent at the
Coolamatong Golf
Course
Date Funding
Agreement signed
20/07/2009
Snowy River Shire Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
June 2010
Project Location
Berridale
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$1,000,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$3,131,230
NWI Objective/s
2. Encourage reuse and recycling
Project Summary Description
The project delivered phase two of the augmentation of the Berridale Sewerage Treatment Plant which
involved the provision of infrastructure to provide recycled water to irrigate the Coolamatong Golf Course in
Berridale to replace potable water that is currently used. This included the construction of a rising main and
storage dam. The completion of the project has resulted in the substitution of potable water with recycled
wastewater for irrigation of the golf course which has resulted in reduced phosphorous discharge to local
waterways and improved water quality in Wullwye Creek, thereby minimising adverse impacts on the regional
water environment and preventing wastage of water resources.
The project commenced in April 2009 and was completed in June 2010.
Project Objective/s
The project objectives were to:

minimise and avoid adverse impacts on the regional water environment, particularly Wullwye Creek; and

prevent waste of scarce water resources,
The achievement of these objectives will contribute to the sustainable development of the region. Social
impacts include the enhancements of the town’s parks and golf course as a result of irrigation with treated
effluent, and an increase in tourism will contribute to the economic and social wellbeing of the community.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
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79
Construction of the effluent rising main, storage dams and associated civil works
at the Coolamatong Golf Course:
The pipeline, storage dams and associated civil works are completed, as detailed in the
final report.
Mechanical and electrical work including effluent pumps and UV disinfection
system:
The mechanical and electrical work is completed, as detailed in the final report.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The completion of the project outcomes (i.e. the infrastructure and mechanical and
electrical works) has enabled completion of the irrigation scheme at the Golf Course.
The substitution of potable water with recycled wastewater for irrigation of the golf
course has resulted in reduced phosphorous discharge to local waterways and improved
water quality in Wullwye Creek, thereby minimising adverse impacts on the regional
water environment and preventing wastage of water resources. This achieved the project
objectives.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 2. Encourage reuse and recycling
This project is consistent with the NWI objective to encourage reuse and recycling. The
project eliminates the use of potable water for irrigation purposes at the golf course,
which in past years averaged 10 mega litres per annum.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying wastewater treatment and reuse technologies at a particular in NSW
between 2009 and 2010.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating wastewater treatment and reuse technologies into irrigation systems
standard practices or processes.
From the available documentation, there is no evidence of this occurring.
There is no evidence that this project advanced the uptake of these practices
beyond the project, but it has been widely publicised by the proponent including, for
example, on television.
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Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying wastewater recycling in NSW between 2009 and 2010.
Water use practice, in relation to this project, is defined as wastewater reused for
irrigation.
The only aspect of this project which impacts this part of the WSA objective is the
beneficial reuse of nutrients from the treated effluent for irrigation of the golf course.
This improves the water quality in Wullwye Creek by eliminating the discharge of
treated effluent which contains nutrients harmful to aquatic life. The project reduces
the amount of phosphorous discharged to local waterways and eliminates the need
to for ongoing phosphorous removal, whilst providing the additional benefit of
fertilising the grounds at the golf course.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating wastewater recycling into irrigation systems standard practices or
processes.
Water use practice, in relation to this project, is defined as wastewater reused for
irrigation.
From the available documentation, there was no evidence of this occurring.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
The project was completed in June 2010 only one month after the milestone of May
2010 set out in the funding agreement.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
None identified for this project.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
None identified for this project.
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No support was required from the WSA.
81
Project Title
2.3
Project
Proponent
NSW: Chatswood CBD
& Civic Place
Integrated Water
Management System &
Educational Facility
Date Funding
Agreement signed
9/06/2006
Willoughby City Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Nov 2011
Project Location
Chatswood, Sydney
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$2,379,999 (excl. GST)
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
TBA
NWI Objective/s
2. Encourage reuse and recycling
Project Summary Description
The proposal aimed to reduce water usage in the Chatswood Plaza development by 81% using harvested
stormwater to substitute for potable water. The use of treated stormwater in the air conditioning system was
an innovative approach and the stormwater storage provides a flood mitigation function for the site.
The project harvests stormwater from the 19 hectare area in the Chatswood CBD and rainwater from the roof
of the Civic Place development and reuse it within Chatswood CBD and Civic Place public facilities for nondrinking purposes, including toilet flushing, irrigation of Council’s parks and gardens, and cooling water. A
stormwater detention tank was constructed under Ferguson Lane to harvest and store stormwater. A flood
warning system and sufficient pumping capacity were also to be provided to evacuate the tank in the event
that heavy rain is predicted.
Project Objective/s
a. Demonstrate the potential for stormwater harvesting and reuse in high density urban centres;
b. Reduce potable water consumption by 25 mega litres per year – a reduction of 81 per cent – compared to
standard practice;
c.
Reduce stormwater discharge to local creeks and Middle Harbour by 14 per cent;
d. Establish new models for the active utilisation of existing flood detention tanks;
e. Provide community and industry education in the management of water reuse and sustainability.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
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Design and specification of the integrated water management project for the Civic
Place Site:
The Civic Place Steering Committee approved the final design and specifications of the
integrated water management project by September 2007.
Design and installation of water quality and flow rate monitoring program
encapsulating before and after construction scenario:
Unknown/
Insufficient info
There is no evidence provided to confirm this.
The construction of stormwater detention and reuse storage (1000 cubic meters
capacity) and flood mitigation storage (4000 cubic meters capacity) and reuse
facility under Ferguson Lane, and rainwater / clearwater storage (300 cubic meters
capacity), and associated pumps, controls and pipework to allow water reuse:
The construction of the tanks is complete. Photographic evidence is provided of the
construction progress in Milestone 4 Progress Report.
The construction of the associated pumps, controls and pipework was completed by
June 2011, as described in Milestone 5 Progress Report.
Design and installation of the early flood warning system with the Bureau of
Meteorology:
The early flood warning system was completed by June 2011, as described in Milestone
5 Progress Report.
Installation of smart water technologies and fittings, including water efficient
fixtures and appliances, and real time web-based automated water reading,
throughout the Civic Place facilities and open space areas:
Unknown/
Insufficient info
There is no evidence provided to confirm this.
Design and installation of an information and educational facility in the
management of water re-use and sustainability projects:
A “Sustainability Education Centre” was completed by September 2011. Documentary
evidence provided in Milestone 6 Progress Report includes details of workshops,
displays and programs to be held at the centre, as well as photos showing the
installation and fitting out of the centre.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has been consistent with and is likely to achieve the project objectives.
However, the final report has not been made available so it is difficult to assess some
aspects and outcomes.
The potable water consumption is likely to be reduced by the target of 25 mega litres per
year, compared to standard practice. This objective has been achieved through the
construction of the stormwater detention tank and re-use facility and the rainwater
storage, associated pumps, controls and pipework to allow water reuse, (and possible
also through the installation of smart water technologies and fitting through the Civic
Place facilities and open space areas – though evidence of this not available).
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The stormwater discharge to local creeks and Middle Harbour is likely to be reduced by
the target of 14 per cent. This objective will be achieved from re-use of the harvest
stormwater.
Flood mitigation is provided via the management of the available storage volume (so that
4000 cubic metres is reserved to receive stormwater associated with flood events).
Education was provided to the community and industry regarding the management of
water reuse and sustainability. This was objective was achieved through the design and
installation of an information and educational facility in the management of water re-use
and sustainability projects
The potential for stormwater harvesting and reuse in high density urban centres will be
demonstrated by the successful completion of the project.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 2. Encourage reuse and recycling
This project is consistent with the NWI objective to encourage reuse and recycling. This
is demonstrated by the reduction in potable water consumption by 25 mega litres per
year, compared to standard practice.
The project is also consistent with a secondary NWI objective to increase urban water
use efficiency and encourage water sensitive urban development. The project applies
water sensitive urban development principles by reusing stormwater within the
development, reducing stormwater discharge to local creeks and Middle Harbour,
utilising existing flood detention tanks.
Both NWI objectives are enhanced through the education provided to the community and
industry regarding the management of water reuse and sustainability.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying stormwater harvesting and reuse systems in the Sydney area between
2006 and 2011.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating stormwater harvesting and reuse systems into urban development
standard practices or processes.
The scheme employs an early warning flood system that allows the storage to be
operated as a stormwater harvesting and reuse storage as well as providing flood
mitigation. This dual use illustrates a flexible design response to urban water cycle
issues (i.e. water scarcity and flooding).
The project advanced the uptake of these technologies within the project area.
Some local promotion of the project was undertaken by the project proponent.
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Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying stormwater recycling systems in Sydney between 2006 and 2011.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, are defined as stormwater
harvesting and ‘fit-for-purpose’ reuse.
The reuse of the harvested stormwater for air-conditioning is innovative in relation to
other stormwater harvesting schemes across Sydney. It demonstrates the broader
potential for re-use of “fit-for-purpose” water for more end-uses than irrigation and
toilet flushing.
However, there is no evidence provided, particularly given the absence of the final
report, of whether the project has advanced the state of development of water use
practices in addition to the above.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating stormwater recycling systems into urban development standard
practices or processes.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, are defined as stormwater
harvesting and ‘fit-for-purpose’ reuse.
The project advanced the uptake of these practices within the project area. Some
local promotion of the project was undertaken by the project proponent.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
WSA provided support through agreement of funding agreement variations.
The final milestone was delayed by over 12 months, and the funding contribution
from the Federal Government was increased.
There is limited evidence provided for the reasons for this delay.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
No unexpected outcomes were noted in the available documentation.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
No lessons learned were presented in the available documentation.
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Project Title
2.4
Project
Proponent
NSW: Water Plan for
Eden-Monaro - Tumut
Golf Club Effluent
Reuse Scheme
Date Funding
Agreement signed
7/11/2008
Tumut Shire Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
June 2009
Project Location
Tumut
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$500,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$710,000
NWI Objective/s
2. Encourage reuse and recycling
Project Summary Description
The project was to provide treated effluent from the Tumut Sewage Treatment Plant to the Tumut Golf Course
where the effluent could be used to spray irrigate playing surfaces.
The project comprised a pump station and chlorinator at the treatment plant, 2.34 kilometres of 150 mm
diameter PVC rising main, a 4 ML holding dam, 150 mm PVC gravity feed to the Golf Course Irrigation
pumps, replacement of irrigation pumps, and a radio-telemetry control system.
The recycled water is replacing the use of raw water drawn from the Tumut River.
It is noted that this project was funded as an election commitment.
Project Objective/s
Environmental
This project will immediately benefit the Tumut River by replacing current raw water volumes of up to 75 ML
per year that are used for irrigation at the Tumut golf course. The effluent reuse system has the capacity and
potential to provide treated effluent to another Council controlled sports ground, and to three timer processing
mills, where treated effluent could replace the present fresh water usage by up to 200 ML/year.
Economic
The Tumut Golf Club has over 1100 social, and 400 playing members and the club hosts several golf
tournaments throughout the year. The Tumut Golf Club competes for patrons with golf courses in adjoining
local government areas, and in most cases the other golf courses have irrigation provided by effluent reuse
systems. During recent years of drought, water restrictions have severely restricted irrigation and the
condition of playing surfaces and this in turn affects patronage and club income. The replacement of fresh
water irrigation with effluent reuse will also result in savings of Council charges of up to $50,000 per year.
Social
The Tumut Golf Course is considered to be a major community asset and this project will substantially
enhance the grounds and patronage. It is envisaged that with the improvement to the grounds that more
frequent, and or larger tournaments could be held. Increased patronage will likely result a ‘knock on’ benefit to
other local businesses.
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List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Construction of effluent pump station at sewage treatment plant adjacent to the
‘Catch/Balance’ pond:
This was completed by 30 April 2009.
Construction of effluent rising main (approximately 2.34 km):
This was completed by 24 February 2009.
Construction of effluent storage dam (4 megalitre earth dam):
This was completed by 15 May 2009.
Complete testing and commissioning (by 10/4/2009):
This was completed on 15 May 2009.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
This project has been consistent with and achieved the environmental Project
Objectives, however it is difficult or possibly too early to assess whether it is consistent
with the economic and social objectives.
Environmental: Up to 150 ML/year of recycled water will be available for use by the Golf
Course, which is much greater than the demand. The project will therefore immediately
benefit the Tumut River by replacing raw water usage of up to 75 ML per year currently
used for irrigation of the course.
Economic: There is no evidence available to assess whether patronage has increased,
due to the availability of water for irrigation, and therefore whether club income has
increased. This aspect is difficult to assess, and will be more apparent when drier
conditions return to NSW. Additionally, the replacement of fresh water irrigation with
effluent reuse will also result in savings of Council charges of up to $50,000 per year.
Social: There is no evidence of whether the social objectives such as hosting more
frequent or larger tournaments and providing ‘knock on’ benefits to local businesses
because of increased patronage.
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To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 2. Encourage reuse and recycling
This project is consistent with the NWI objective to encourage reuse and recycling. It
results in the reuse of up to 75 ML per year of recycled water replacing existing raw
water usage. It is noted that funding was recommended for this project due to an
election commitment, which “would contribute in a limited way towards the NWI outcome
of encouraging the reuse and recycling of wastewater. However, it would not be
regarded as a high priority against the criteria as the degree of innovation is low.”
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
No new technologies were used for this project, which involved construction of a
pump station, rising main and storage dam.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
This project did not increase or advance the uptake of technology in water use.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
This project involved supplying recycled water to a storage dam; this does not
advance or increase the state of development of practices in the water industry.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
This project did not increase the uptake of improved practices in water use. It is
noted that funding was recommended for this project due to an election
commitment, which “would contribute in a limited way towards the NWI outcome of
encouraging the reuse and recycling of wastewater. However, it would not be
regarded as a high priority against the criteria as the degree of innovation is low.”
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
This was not necessary. There were no variations, and the project progressed on
time, albeit finishing a month behind schedule.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
No unexpected outcomes were noted in the available documentation. In a project
evaluation interview, the proponent representative pointed out that approval under
section 60 (addressing proposed changes to water treatment and disposal systems)
of the Local Government Act took much longer than expected.
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Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
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No lessons learned were presented in the available documentation. The proponent
representative advised that if they were to undertake the same project again they
would do it the same.
89
Project Title
2.5
Project Proponent
QLD: Mackay
Wastewater
Recycling Project
Date Funding
Agreement signed
29/08/2006
Mackay Regional Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
June 2009
Project Location
Mackay
State
QLD
Australian Government
Contribution (GST Excl.)
$45,543,706
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$130,020,000
NWI Objective/s
2. Encourage reuse and recycling
Project Summary Description
The project involved the decommissioning of the existing Mt Bassett wastewater treatment plant. The
wastewater is now redirected to an upgraded Bakers Creek Wastewater Treatment plant with treated effluent
used for irrigation in nearby sugar cane areas. The irrigation of this treated wastewater reduces the demand
on a stressed groundwater resource and reduces nutrient discharge to the Great Barrier Reef. The project
was opened on 23 July 09 by the Prime Minister. It is noted that the original approved funding of $28,800,000
was increased to $45,543,706 in association with land purchase and delays and damage associated with
flooding.
Project Objective/s
a. recycle at least 88 per cent (on a 10 year rolling average from the commencement of operation of the
upgraded Bakers Creek Plant) of Mackay’s wastewater to better protect the Great Barrier Reef from
approximately 250 tonnes of nutrients that are released each year. In particular the aims of the Project are to:
A. significantly reduce Mackay’s discharge of nitrogen to the Great Barrier Reef by approximately
211,500 kilograms per annum to approximately 10,300 kilograms per annum; and
B. significantly reduce Mackay’s discharge of phosphorous to the Great Barrier Reef by approximately
58,500 kilograms per annum to approximately 8,700 kilograms per annum; and
b. reduce demand on Mackay’s groundwater resources by 8,500 megalitres per annum by 2020, which will
protect and rehabilitate this stressed resource that is currently at risk of seawater intrusion.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
(1.10 a) Completion of all design, construction and building works necessary to
upgrade the Bakers Creek Plant:
This has been completed.
(1.10 b. A) Completion of all design, construction and building works necessary to
redirect wastewater from the Mt Bassett plant to the Bakers Creek Plant (including
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construction of a transfer pumping station at the Mt Bassett plant, augmenting of
the Sydney Street pumping station and construction of a new rising main to the
Bakers Creek Plant):
This has been completed. This includes 11.5 km of 900 mm pipe.
(1.10 b. B) Completion of all design, construction and building works necessary to
transport the treated effluent from the upgraded Bakers Creek Plant to recycled
water storage dams on individual irrigators’ farms:
This has been completed. This includes a 6.5 km pipeline of 600 mm pipe from the plant
to the balance storage, and 22 km of distribution pipelines to cane farms.
(1.10 b. C) Completion of all design, construction and building works necessary to
construct major recycled water balancing storage dam at Bakers Creek,
approximately 2,200 ML, and distribution pumping system:
This has been completed.
(1.10 b. D) Completion of all design, construction and building works necessary to
construct a 50 ML or a 20 ML recycled water storage dam on the farm of each
irrigator:
27 on-farm dams were constructed: 22 x 50 ML and 5 x 20 ML.
(1.10 c) Completion of all construction and building works necessary to
decommission the Mt Bassett Waste Water Treatment Plant (‘Mt Bassett plant’):
This was completed in June 2009.
(11.1 x) Dissemination of Water Quality Information by publishing information on
the Council website and updating it annually:
Unknown/
Insufficient info
The available documentation provides no evidence that this has occurred.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The achievement of the project outcomes indicates progress towards achievement of the
project objectives – reduction in nutrients discharged, recycling 88% of wastewater, and
reducing demand on groundwater resources by 8,500 ML/annum by 2020. Verification of
the project objectives will however require long term monitoring of recycling rates,
nutrient levels in treated wastewater discharge, and groundwater extractions.
It is important to note there is no direct evidence provided that supports this conclusion
other than the project summary provided on the Council website:
<http://www.mackay.qld.gov.au/services/water_and_waste/mackay_water_recycling_pro
ject>
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To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 2. Encourage reuse and recycling
This project is consistent with the NWI objective to encourage reuse and recycling. The
project aims to recycle at least 88% of Mackay’s wastewater, thereby reducing demand
on Mackay’s groundwater resources by 8,500 ML/annum by 2020.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased or
advanced the state of development
of technology/technologies in water
use in the water industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best
techniques for applying Class A upgrades to wastewater treatment plants
in Queensland from 2006 to 2009.
There is no evidence that the project has increased or advanced the state
of development of wastewater treatment technology.
Has the project increased or
advanced the uptake of technology/
technologies in water use in the
water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating Class A upgrades to wastewater treatment plants into
wastewater recycling standard practices or processes.
There is no evidence that the project has increased the uptake of
wastewater treatment technology at a State or national level.
Has the project increased or
advanced the state of development
of practices in relation to water use
in the water industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best
techniques for applying Class A technologies and recycled water
distribution systems in Queensland from 2006 to 2009. Water use
practices, in relation to this project, are defined as agricultural irrigation
schemes and groundwater resource and waterway management.
This is a large scale Class A recycling and re-use system that, at the time,
was the largest regional recycling scheme of its kind in Australia. At a
regional scale, it has reduced the demand on groundwater resources,
reduced nutrient discharge to the Great Barrier Reef, by providing a
secure water supply to sugar cane farms in the region. It is a high profile
demonstration of the potential for applying Class A treatment and recycled
water supplies for agricultural irrigation, and thereby achieving multiple
environmental outcomes. It has arguably advanced the state of
development of these practices.
Has the project increased or
advanced the uptake of practices in
water use in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating Class A technologies and recycled water distribution
systems into wastewater recycling standard practices or processes.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, are defined as agricultural
irrigation schemes and groundwater resource and waterway
management.
The project has resulted in the uptake of improved wastewater
management practices in the Mackay region. The project was promoted
by the proponent through websites, newsletters and other media.
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Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA provided
support to project proponents to
adapt to changing circumstances?
The project encountered a number of delays due to wet weather
throughout the course of the project. This includes the Central and
Western Queensland Floods in January 2008 and the Queensland Floods
in February 2008.
Extensions of time and funding variations were provided throughout the
project.
Were there any unexpected
outcomes resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally, or in
regard to achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
No unexpected outcomes were identified from the available
documentation.
Describe any lessons learned from
the project in regard to
implementation of the project itself or
the administration of the project by
the Department
No lessons learnt were presented in the available documentation.
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93
Project Title
2.6
Project
Proponent
QLD: Waste Water
Diversion Pipeline,
Pump Station and
Associated Works:
Townsville City
Council- Integrated
Regional Water
Strategy
Date Funding
Agreement signed
20/11/2006
Townsville City Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
June 2012
(est.)
Project Location
Townsville
State
QLD
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$33,253,401
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$179,000,000
NWI Objective/s
2. Encourage reuse and recycling
Project Summary Description
This project was developed to implement the Townsville Waste Water Diversion Pipeline to facilitate the reuse
of effluent, by redirecting wastewater to the new Mt St John centralised treatment plant. This project formed
part of the Townsville Integrated Regional Water Strategy. The project involved the construction of wastewater
diversion pipelines, pump stations and associated infrastructure. Some construction and commissioning tasks
are required to complete the project in line with the stated objectives due to delays in the project.
Project Objective/s
The objectives of the project are to:
a. Capture and redirect wastewater from the northern areas of Townsville; and
b. Treat redirected wastewater in a centralised treatment facility at Mt St John, to facilitate the reuse of the
effluent under the broader Integrated Water Management Strategy.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Construction of Bohle Plains Rising Mains BP02 and BP03 (Milestone 3):
Complete
Construction of Bohle Plains Pump Stations BP03 and BP07 (Milestone 4):
Pump stations BP03 and BP07 are operational. However, as of the latest progress
report (no. 9) this milestone was had not been ‘completed’.
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Decommission Deeragun, Mt Low and Bohle STPs (Milestone 5):
Decommissioning and demolition had commenced at all sites, and were almost
complete at Mt Low, as of the latest progress report (no. 9).
Construction of Kirwan Rising Mains and K16C rising main, and pump upgrades
K13A, K13B, K13D & K15A (Milestone 6):
All rising mains passed hydro and pressure testing prior to commencement of
commissioning. At the latest progress report (no. 9) only there were only minor
outstanding works, which were near completion.
Construction of Northern Beaches Rising Main BP7 (Milestone 7):
All rising mains passed hydro and pressure testing prior to commencement of
commissioning. At the latest progress report (no. 9) only there were only minor
outstanding works, which were near completion.
Construction of Kirwan Pump Station K16C & Northern Ceaches Pump Station D0
(Milestone 8):
Upgrades were nearing completion at the time of the latest progress report (no. 9).
Commission Diversion Works (Milestone 9):
This is yet to occur.
Undertake cost effectiveness test for introduction of two-part tariffs (Milestone 10,
included by funding agreement variation dated 5th January 2012):
This report was prepared by consultants (see below).
Council consideration, revised submission to council and then approval of “Best
Practice Pricing Implementation Plan” by the Commonwealth (Milestone 11,
included by funding agreement variation dated 5th January 2012):
The Council sought release from the condition to implement best practice pricing as a
result of community discontent with their two part tariff. Council introduced the new
scheme without advising the Commonwealth. Following a meeting of officials, Council
has reaffirmed that they will meet their obligations and submitted a revised pricing plan
in June 2011. The report was internally reviewed and found to be satisfactory. The
Council need to undertake further work to become fully compliant with the NWI pricing
principles.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has been consistent with the project objectives to capture and redirect
wastewater to Mt St John to facilitate the reuse of the effluent under the broader
Integrated Water Management Strategy. However, the completion of the project
activities/outcomes has not yet occurred due to delays in the construction programme. It
is expected that the project objectives will be achieved, albeit at a delayed date.
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To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 2. Encourage reuse and recycling
This project is broadly consistent with the NWI objective to encourage reuse and
recycling, although it is apparent that this is not the primary objective.
The project is necessitated because four decentralised treatment plants have reached
capacity. The diversion of flows to a centralised treatment plant facilitates the
establishment of re-use schemes within the broader Integrated Regional Water Strategy.
This will include supply to customers such as Lavarack Barracks, Willows and Townsville
Golf Courses and Townsville RAAF.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as applying the best
techniques for design and construction of rising mains and pump stations in
Queensland.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
rising mains and pump stations into wastewater transfer standard practices or
processes.
There is no evidence of this occurring as the project represents standard water
industry practice.
There is no evidence of this occurring as the project represents standard water
industry practice.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying pipelines and pump stations in Queensland. Water use practices, in
relation to this project is defined pumping and transfer of wastewater.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
pipelines and pump stations into wastewater transfer standard practices or
processes.
There is no evidence of this occurring. There may be aspects of the broader
Integrated Water Strategy that meet this objective, but this individual project does
not.
Water use practices, in relation to this project is defined pumping and transfer of
wastewater.
There is no evidence available of this occurring as the project represents standard
water industry practice.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
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The first variation to the funding agreement amended the end date of the project
from 30 June 2011 to 31 December 2011. This was due to wet weather.
The second variation to the funding agreement amended the end date of the project
96
to 7 June 2012, and added 2 project Milestones:

(Milestone 10) Undertake cost effectiveness test for introduction of two-part
tariffs

(Milestone 11 – 7th June 2012) Council consideration, revised submission to
Council and then approval of “Best Practice Pricing Implementation Plan” by the
Commonwealth.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
No unexpected outcomes were identified for this project, aside from the issues that
arose regarding the pricing implementation plan (which were flagged upfront in the
approval brief) and the wet weather encountered during construction.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
There is no evidence of lessons learnt in the documentation. It should be noted
however that this may be discussed in the final report.
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97
Project Title
2.7
Project
Proponent
SA: Statewide
Wastewater Recycling
Project
Date Funding
Agreement signed
1/11/2007
Local Government Association
of South Australia (LGA)
Date Completed
(final/last report)
November
2011
Project Location
Regional South Australia
State
SA
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$17,699,937
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$89,727,000
NWI Objective/s
2. Encourage reuse and recycling
Project Summary Description
The aim of the project was to upgrade a large number of Community Wastewater Management Systems
(CWMS) across mostly regional South Australia to enable recycling of wastewater for community
applications. The CWMS schemes were upgraded to a standard to enable the reuse of wastewater that is “fit
for purpose” for the irrigation of Council reserve areas, Council sporting facilities, Council landscaped areas,
golf courses, a race course, broad acre cropping grasses, grape vines and a commercial turf farm.
The Deed of Agreement originally included 63 individual projects, delivering an estimated annual supply
volume of 8,243 ML per annum, with an Australian Government Contribution of $20M and a total project cost
of $200M. Throughout the project a number of individual projects were withdrawn, added, expanded or did
not proceed, and consequently at the conclusion of the project, 57 individual projects will be completed
across 29 different Councils.
Project Objective/s
The project objectives are to provide direct benefits to more than 60 regional communities in South Australia
in the form of:

improved regional health;

improved protection of water resources (groundwater, river and coastal);

increased water recycling of up to 8,243 ML per annum resulting in reduced draw on existing water
supplies (including the River Murray);

a consolidated, statewide approach to reform of the decentralised sewerage network.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Harnessing 63 individually small projects (and impacts) to demonstrate the
benefits arising from a co-ordinated and co-operative program to address a
significant infrastructure, environmental and natural resource issue currently
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facing regional South Australia:
A total of 57 individual projects will be completed. This includes:

27 Mechanical Wastewater Treatment Plants being constructed and 2
upgraded, improving the quality of the treated wastewater, addressing both
infrastructure and public health issues.

Production of a significant quantity of fit-for-purpose recycled water (8,400 ML
per annum), reducing reliance on natural water resources.

Upgrading and relining treatment and storage lagoons reducing seepage and
overflow into groundwater.
The combined impact of these small projects demonstrates the broader benefits arising
from a co-ordinated and co-operative program. The evidence shows that significant
infrastructure, environmental and natural resource issues were addressed.
Upgrading existing schemes to address the groundwater and surface water
contamination and other environmental impacts of ageing CWMS and thereby
avoid future, more costly, remediation works:
The upgrading and relining treatment and storage lagoons and construction of
mechanical wastewater treatment plants to replace leaking facultative lagoons has
reduced seepage and overflow into nearby groundwater.
Reducing draw on existing water supplies through increased recycling of
reclaimed wastewater from existing schemes:
The projects have resulted in significant reduction of the water drawn from the River
Murray, underground bores and other water catchments.
Utilising a water source, which is currently either not used or put to a low value
use, to the direct benefit of local communities across regional South Australia:
The supply of recycled wastewater has enabled Councils to maintain or increase their
water regime on ovals and sporting grounds. It is noted that activities on these areas
are safer as a result of softer playing surfaces.
Recycled water is now used across the state for irrigation of Council reserve areas,
sporting facilities and landscaped areas, golf courses and a race course, all to the
benefit of these communities.
Redressing significant backlogs in provision of adequate or improved
wastewater facilities for SA communities:
There is no direct evidence provided of a backlog of adequate or improved wastewater
facilities. This can be assumed from the upgrade works detailed for each project in the
funding agreement however. This project improves the wastewater facilities in many
communities and therefore satisfied this element.
Improving the environmental sustainability of CWMS:
The environmental sustainability has been improved. There are environmental benefits
from reduced discharges to the environment, and the upgrading and relining treatment
and storage lagoons and construction of mechanical wastewater treatment plants to
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99
replace leaking facultative lagoons has reduced seepage and overflow into nearby
groundwater.
Improving the operational and financial sustainability of CWMS:
There is no direct evidence however that these projects have improved the operational
and financial sustainability of CWMS.
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Water recycling of 8,243 ML per annum:
This objective is partially met. The reason being that individual projects were withdrawn
that reduced the total recycled water figure available.
The funded projects completed at 31 March 2011 (for inclusion in the final report)
comprised an estimated 7,534 ML per annum. The Robe project is due for completion
in June 2012 and will increase this figure to 7,723 ML per annum.
It is noted in the final report that the 7 projects that were withdrawn would have
comprised an additional 866 ML per annum.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has overall been consistent with and achieved the project objectives. There
is evidence that the objectives have essentially been met.
Although the water recycling target of 8,243 ML per annum has not been achieved, it is
more likely to be 7,723 ML per annum; this is due to a number of projects being
withdrawn from the process. It is not due to a deficiency in the management or delivery
of the project itself, but is a foreseeable and realistic consequence of this type of
project (where a large number of ‘sub-projects’ are being administered) and the funding
arrangements with the various Councils.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 2. Encourage reuse and recycling
This project is broadly consistent with the NWI objective to encourage reuse and
recycling. Each individual project results in the reuse of additional volumes of
wastewater. Across the 59 projects, a total of 7.7 GL of wastewater will be reused per
year.
However, inspections of the individual projects reveals that a number of the projects
achieve relatively small additionally reuse volumes. For example, 9 of the 59 projects
are less than 25 ML/year, and 20 of the 59 projects are less than 50 ML/year. It is
therefore uncertain whether all of the individual projects are consistent with the NWI
objective to encourage reuse and recycling.
This conclusion is highlighted by the fact that the recommendation for funding under
the Water Smart Australia Programme by the National Water Commission provided to
the Prime Minister for decision (round two proposals) states the “proposal was poor
quality in terms of the WSA programme objectives and its NWI outcomes and it would
not be recommended for funding if it were not an election commitment”. It further notes
that the main benefit of the proposal is reduced impact on water resources from
reduced waste discharge and reduced waste system leakages (i.e. not primarily the
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100
encouragement of wastewater reuse and recycling).
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying mechanical wastewater treatment technologies in South Australia from
2007 to 2011.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating mechanical wastewater treatment technologies into wastewater reuse
standard practices or processes.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying wastewater recycling schemes in South Australia from 2007 to 2011.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, are defined as irrigation system
management or wastewater recycling system management.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating wastewater recycling schemes into wastewater reuse standard
practices or processes
The treatment systems are conventional, and so the projects did not advance the
state of development of new wastewater treatment technologies.
The treatment systems are conventional, and so the projects did not increase the
uptake of new wastewater treatment technologies.
The overall project employed an innovative approach to wastewater recycling
system management, through coordinating a large number of small regional
projects (59 in total) as a single project through one contract brokered by the LGA. It
is understood this was unique in Australia at the time.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as irrigation system
management or wastewater recycling system management.
The large scale of the project resulted in an increased uptake in wastewater
recycling system management in South Australia.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
The final report includes all but one of the projects completed by participating
Councils. A further project (District Council of Robe) was granted a special approval
to complete its project by 30 June 2012. This project was delayed by unforseen
planning issues.
Throughout the project a number of individual projects were withdrawn, added,
expanded or did not proceed. This is mainly for the reasons described in the
following section, and due to delays for individual projects.
The WSA provided support in the form of funding agreement variations and project
time extensions.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
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One of the major issues in achieving the milestone targets arose from the process
of Council decision making whereby concept designs are accepted in the first
instance and then the detailed designs before the detailed cost estimates can be
prepared. Because most of the original cost estimates were made in 2006 using
101
outcomes/objectives?
relatively scant information from desk top analysis, the updated project estimates
provided to Councils with the benefit of more detailed design work resulted in some
Councils rethinking project funding options. Many therefore scheduled their
expenditure contributions to later in the project timetable. Additionally, Councils
were reluctant to issue certificates of practical completion for projects until ‘every
box has been ticked’ and, in some instances, until operational trial/testing periods
were completed.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
A lesson learnt was the difficulties with working with ~35 different Councils, and
coordinating funding commitments and approvals processes with these Councils, to
enable the project to progress as planned and within the planned timeline.
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102
Project Title
2.8
Project
Proponent
SA: Water Proofing the
South
Date Funding
Agreement signed
16/04/2008
City of Onkaparinga
Date Completed
(final/last report)
June 2011
Project Location
Onkaparinga
State
SA
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$34,500,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$185,000,000
NWI Objective/s
2. Encourage reuse and recycling
Project Summary Description
The Water Proofing the South project was a localised integrated water resource management strategy based
in the City of Onkaparinga. The implementation of the strategy sought to substitute ‘fit-for-purpose’ alternative
water sources such as recycled water and stormwater for traditional sources such as mains drinking water
and groundwater so that overall water use in the region is sustainable; economically, environmentally and
socially.
The successful completion of the project increased the amount of urban reuse to 1,141 ML/year of urban
reuse and 1,800 ML/year of viticultural and agricultural reuse. The project also provided for 850 ML/year of
stormwater reuse and 73 ML/year reused via a trade waste scheme from the viticultural industry resulting in
water savings of 923 ML/year. The modification of the Willunga Dam and Aldinga Dam was undertaken to
increase network storage capacity by 1159 ML, to support increased reuse of 2,941 ML.
Project Objective/s
Water Proofing the South is to be carried out as a series of integrated elements. The overarching project will
deliver:
1. An increase in the amount of urban reuse by 1,141 ML/year and viticultural and agricultural reuse by 1,800
ML/year providing 2,941 ML/year of reuse;
2. Increased network storage capacity, to support increased reuse of 2941 ML/year, by 1159 ML/year;
3. Water saving of 923 ML/year, including 850 ML/year of stormwater reuse from modifications of Christies
Creek and 73 ML/year from the creation of a trade-waste scheme; and
4. Research investigations in to the suitability of treated wastewater to supplement environmental flows
within the Onkaparinga River.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
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103
(1a.i) Upgrade of the Christie Beach Waste Water Treatment Plant (CBWWTP) to
improve the quality of the discharge to the marine environment:
At the time of the final report there had been 30% completion of capital value of works.
This is consistent with the completion level required as per the funding agreement.
This will improve the quality of the discharge to the marine environment as well as in part
providing ‘fit-for-purpose’ treated water for urban, viticultural and agricultural use.
(1a.ii)

Upgrade of the Aldinga Waste Water Treatment Plant (AWWTP) to produce
Class A water;

Transfer main [18 km] and associated infrastructure to get Class B treated
water from CBWWTP to AWWTP; and

Distribution main [11 km] and associated infrastructure for the distribution of
Class A treated water from AWWTP to Seaford Meadows and Noarlunga for
urban reuse.
The Southern Urban Reuse Project (SURP), which involves the upgrading of the
AWWTP, the transfer main and distribution main and infrastructure, was completed by
June 2010. This has the capacity to deliver 1010 ML/year of urban reuse to the Seaford
Meadows area.
(1b) Expansion of the Willunga Basin Water (WBW) Company’s distribution
network increasing the direct reuse in the Willunga Basin by 1,800 ML/year:
The expansion of the WBW distribution network was completed by June 2010. WBW is
expanding its water supply through the network, with written contracts for the supply of
1,400 ML/year of recycled water.
At the time of the final report there were expressions of interest for 1.7 GL/year with a
further anticipated demand of 2 GL/year within the region.
(1c) Creation of a distribution system for the use of treated waste water to the
amount of 113 ML/year on areas of open space within Willunga:
This was completed by June 2010.
(2a) Modification of the Willunga Dam creating 159 ML of storage:
This was completed by June 2010.
(2b) Modification of the Aldinga Dam creating 1 GL of storage:
The modification creating 1 GL of storage was completed by June 2010.
(3a) The creation of a trade-waste scheme so that waste from viticultural industry
may be received, treated and reused. Initial reuse is expected to be 73 ML/year
plus capacity to receive additional waste:
The City of Onkaparinga has committed to constructing the trade waste scheme, and
was due to be completed by May 2011. No further evidence was available to confirm its
completion.
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104
(3b) Modification to Christies Creek to allow for the capture, treatment and reuse
of 850 ML/year, including:
(i) Flood retarding basins with capacity to reduce 1:100 ARI flows at the South
Road intersection with Christie Creek, minimising localised flooding:
(ii) A storage dam [80ML] within Wilfred Taylor Reserve, a complementary aquifer
storage scheme and an associated distribution scheme:
(iii)
2 wetlands; and
(iv) 2 sedimentation ponds with a combined capacity to reduce suspended
solids by at least 50% prior to coastal discharge.
The flood retarding basins and the 2 wetlands (within Christie Creek catchment with the
combined capacity to harvest and treat 850 ML/year of stormwater) were completed.
A storage dam of 93 ML in volume (exceeding the 80 ML target) was constructed as well
as a complementary aquifer storage scheme (injection rate approximately 3L/s) and an
associated distribution scheme (involving approximately 18 km of piping)
The wetlands were completed by December 2010.
The sedimentation ponds were completed by June 2010.
Note the change from the original funding agreement which involved:
(i) “construction of a flood mitigation dam [95 ML] in Wilfred Taylor Reserve and storage
dam(s) with a 200 ML holding capacity”; and
(ii) “Construction of a sedimentation pond [5 ML] adjacent Morrow Road within the
Christie Creek corridor and minor erosion control works”.
(4) A report detailing research investigations in to the suitability of treated
wastewater to supplement environmental flows within the Onkaparinga River:
This was completed by June 2010.
This includes provision of a final report on the suitability of treated wastewater for
environmental flows in the Onkaparinga River which will include an environmental flow
release strategy.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has been consistent with and for the most part achieved the project
objectives. This is described below.
The first objective to increase the amount of urban reuse by 1,141 ML/year and
viticultural and agricultural reuse by 1,800 ML/year, providing 2941 ML/year of reuse has
been achieved by completion of the following project activities:

The upgrades of CBWWTP and AWWTP, the construction of the transfer main
between the plants, the distribution infrastructure for urban reuse of the Class A
recycled water at Seaford Meadows and Noarlunga (activities 1a.i and 1a.ii);

Expansion of the Willunga Basin Water Company’s distribution network for direct
reuse in the Willunga Basin (activity 1b); and

Creation of distribution system for open space reuse of treated wastewater (activity
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105
1c).
The second objective to increase network storage capacity by 1159 ML, to support
increased reuse of 2941 ML, has been achieved by completion of the following project
activities:

Modification of the Willunga Dam and Aldinga Dam (activity 2a & 2b).
The third objective to deliver a water saving of 923 ML, including 850 ML from
modifications of Christies Creek and 73 ML from the creation of a trade-waste scheme,
has been achieved by completion of the following project activities:

The creation of a trade-waste scheme (activity 3a); and

Modification to Christies Creek including flood retarding basins, a storage dam within
Wilfred Taylor Reserve, a complementary aquifer storage scheme and an associated
distribution scheme, 2 wetlands and 2 sedimentation ponds (activity 3b).
The fourth objective to undertake research investigations into the suitability of treated
wastewater to supplement environmental flows within the Onkaparinga River presented
through has been achieved by completion of a report completed by June 2010 (activity
4).
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 2. Encourage reuse and recycling
This project is consistent with the NWI objective to encourage reuse and recycling. The
successful completion of the first and second objectives provides 1141 ML/year of urban
reuse and 1,800 ML/year of viticultural and agricultural reuse, and the successful
completion of the third objective provides 850 ML/year of stormwater reuse and 73
ML/year reused via a trade waste scheme from the viticultural industry. The fourth
objective is also consistent, as it researches the suitability of recycling wastewater to
supplement environmental flows.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying wastewater and stormwater recycling technologies in South Australia.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of
technology/
technologies in water
use in the water
industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating wastewater and stormwater recycling technologies into standard
practices or processes.
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There is no evidence that the project increased or advanced the state of
development of wastewater and stormwater recycling technologies.
The project appears to have increased the uptake of wastewater and stormwater
recycling technologies in South Australia.
106
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of practices in relation
to water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying integrated water resource management strategies in South Australia.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as wastewater and
stormwater management.
The stormwater reuse scheme is a demonstration of a relatively large scale
harvesting scheme in South Australia. Likewise, the upgrades to the two treatment
plants and associated infrastructure are prominent examples of the potential to treat
wastewater to Class A standard for recycling and to construct a network to link
these sources. These arguably advance or increase the state of development of
integrated water resource management in relation to large scale wastewater and
stormwater recycling network in South Australia.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of practices
in water use in the water
industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating integrated water resource management strategies into resource
management standard practices or processes.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as wastewater and
stormwater management.
There is no evidence that this occurred.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
A variation to the funding deed extending the completion of the Trade Waste
element to end of May 2011 was executed with the Commonwealth on the 16
December 2010 to provide for the completion of the modifications to the CMWS to
receive treated trade waste reflective of current demands.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the
project, technically,
institutionally, or in
regard to achievement
of the
outcomes/objectives?
No unexpected outcomes were identified in the available documentation.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
No lessons learned were presented in the available documentation.
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107
Project Title
2.9
Project
Proponent
VIC: Bendigo Recycled Water
project
Date Funding
Agreement signed
26/04/2007
Coliban Water
Date Completed
(final/last report)
March 2009
Project Location
Bendigo
State
VIC
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$6,300,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$47,700,000
NWI Objective/s
2. Encourage reuse and recycling
Project Summary Description
The principal aims of the project were to treat and transfer recycled water from the Bendigo’s upgraded
Epsom Water Reclamation Plant to Spring Gully Reservoir. The recycled water was to provide a substitute for
potable water use by existing and new customers via the Coliban Rural Channel System on the north-eastern
edges of Bendigo. The channel system supplies non-potable uses including irrigation, stock watering,
intensive animal husbandry, garden watering, toilet flushing and recreation. Recycled water will also be
supplied for use on various parks, gardens and recreational areas in Bendigo.
Works include completion of a 14 km pipeline, the construction and commissioning of a Class A treatment
plant, the commissioning of an ultra-filtration (UF), reverse osmosis (RO) and electro-dialysis reversal (EDR)
plant and completion of the Brine Lagoon winter storage.
The project aims to supply up to 4,300 ML of new recycled water.
Project Objective/s
a. Generate up to 4,280 ML per annum of recycled water for the substitution of potable and raw water in the
Coliban Water system or near 100% reuse of all wastewater from the BWRP.
b. Supply up to 2,480 ML per annum via the Coliban Rural Channel System, on the north-eastern edges of
Bendigo, for non-potable uses including stock watering, irrigation, animal husbandry, garden watering,
toilet flushing and recreation.
c.
Supply of recycled water for use on various parks, gardens and recreational areas in Bendigo.
d. Future substitution of passing flows to Campaspe River with recycled water of up to 2,100 ML per annum
(subject to EPA Victoria approval).
e. Greater community understanding of the potential uses and benefits of high quality recycled water,
particularly in times of drought or increased water demand.
f.
Virtually 100% reuse of all recycled water from the BWRP. Approximately 5,500 ML per annum of
recycled water can be produced at present BWRP flows. (The difference between the recycled water
produced (5,500 ML per annum) and the amount of ‘new’ water available (4,380 ML per annum) is due to
existing uses of recycled water).
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
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Not Met
108
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/ Insufficient
info
Construction of a 14 km pipeline from BWRP and Spring Gully Reservoir. (This
includes construction of a connection pipeline to Rosalind Park from the main
pipeline, connection to outlet at Spring Gully Reservoir and offtakes to Axe
Creek Channel and Spring Gully Channel):
The construction commenced in early 2007 and was commissioned for use with
water on 23 April 2007.
Construction of infrastructure required to provide Class A water from BWRP
(this includes connection to the Bendigo Mining Limited pipeline and 14 km
pipeline, chlorine contact tank, UV structure and installation of UV units,
electrical, instrumentation and controls (EI&C) required to make the works
operable); and construction of an enhanced water treatment plant (‘recycled
water factory’) (this includes construction of reverse osmosis train and ultrafiltration structures and installation of units, construction of brine tanks, brine
evaporative lagoons, piping and pump station):
Construction of the Recycled Water Pumping and Treatment Facility commenced in
early 2007 and was completed in July 2007.
Commissioning of the reverse osmosis and membrane filtration treatment
plant:
The commissioning of the UF/RO treatment facility was completed and approval
from both EPA and DHS was received to operate the facility. The Victorian Minister
for Water, Tim Holding officially opened the facility on the 31st October 2008.
Generate up to 4,280 ML per annum of recycled water, or virtually 100% reuse
of all recycled water from the BWRP:
It is estimated that up to 4,400 ML per annum of “new” recycled water will initially be
generated.
Prior to the water restrictions and commissioning of the Epsom to Spring Gully
project, discharges to Bendigo Creek in 2000/01 were 4,900 ML per annum of
treated wastewater. In 2007/08 this had been reduced to 3,350 ML per annum and
since the full scale operation of the Water Factory, the discharge for 2008/09 (at end
of March) was only 50 ML per annum. This means that virtually all the reclaimed
water produced by the plant is now being recycled either to land for agricultural use;
to Fosterville Gold Mine and to Epsom Spring Gully pipeline customers.
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109
Supply of recycled water: via the Coliban Rural Channel System (up to 2,480
ML per annum); for use on various parks, gardens and recreational areas in
Bendigo:
Spring Gully Reservoir is now supplied with recycled water and is used for supplying
rural customers through the Ascot, Axe Creek and Cockatoo Hill channels. The
pipeline to Spring Gully Reservoir passes through the city of Bendigo, and water is
supplied to various users for uses including watering of Rosalind Park, use in a
hospital laundry and watering of sports grounds. Water is also pumped to
Eaglehawk, where it is used for watering the botanical gardens, golf courses and
sports grounds.
In the future substitution of passing flows to Campaspe River with recycled
water of up to 2,100 ML per annum:
This component was put on hold following preliminary investigations indicating a
number of obstacles. It is noted that this option may be revisited if supply exceeds
demand in the future.
Greater community understanding of the potential uses and benefits of high
quality recycled water:
Unknown/ Insufficient
info
There is no direct evidence of this occurring in the available documentation.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project was consistent with and achieved the project objectives.
A future objective relating to environmental flows was put on hold following
preliminary investigations, and there was no direct evidence provided to
demonstrate greater community understanding of the potential for recycled water.
However, the principal objectives – to construct pipeline, infrastructure, treatment
plant, commissioning treatment plant, generation and supply of recycled water,
virtually 100% reuse – were all achieved.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 2. Encourage reuse and recycling
This project is consistent with the NWI objective to encourage reuse and recycling.
Up to 4400 ML per annum of new recycled water is now supplied from the Bendigo’s
Water Reclamation Plant for rural supplies, parks, gardens and sporting facilities,
and industrial and commercial users. There is now virtually 100% reuse from this
plant.
This is also consistent with secondary NWI objectives to provide healthy safe and
reliable water supplies, and to encourage innovation in water supply sourcing,
treatment and discharge.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project
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State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
110
increased or advanced
the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
for applying reverse osmosis, brine disposal, micro-filtration and pipeline
construction in Victoria from 2007 to 2009.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of
technology/ technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
reverse osmosis, brine disposal, micro-filtration and pipeline construction
technologies into wastewater recycling standard practices or processes.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying reverse osmosis, brine disposal, micro-filtration and pipeline
construction in Victoria from 2007 to 2009. Water use practices, in relation to this
project, are defined as the treatment and disposal of wastewater and supply of
recycled water.
Reverse osmosis, brine disposal, micro-filtration and pipeline construction are
proven technologies. There is no evidence the state of development of technology or
technologies has been increased or advanced.
There is no evidence of this occurring beyond the application of these technologies
on this project.
Yes. This project is among the first major Class A projects constructed in Victoria. It
is an innovative example of using existing infrastructure to integrate recycled water
within the broader rural and urban water supply system. It is also a good example of
achieving virtually 100% re-use by supplying recycled water to a variety of end
users: rural use, parks, gardens, sporting facilities and industrial and commercial
users.
The project also highlighted the issues associated with brine disposal inland and the
use of EDR technology to achieve that at a viable cost.
Additionally, in September 2008 over 50 ML of recycled water was supplied to Lake
Weeroona, a 60 ML recreational lake, which enabled the Bendigo Rowing Regatta to
proceed. It is thought to be the first time recycled water has been supplied to a
recreational lake in Victoria.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of practices
in water use in the water
industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
reverse osmosis, brine disposal, micro-filtration and pipeline construction into
wastewater recycling standard practices or processes.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, are defined as the treatment and
disposal of wastewater and supply of recycled water.
This project has led to the increased uptake of wastewater recycling in the Bendigo
region. As one of the first large scale Class A plants in Victoria, this project would
also have required that regulatory authorities adopt a position on Class A treatment
requirements and suitable end uses.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
The project program proceeded without any major issues. The total project cost of
$47,000,000, although higher than the original budget aim of $35,000,000, was
within the budget range presented in the business case, and was approved by
Coliban Water’s Board.
There was therefore no need for WSA to provide additional support.
Were there any
23/14220/68110
The supply of recycled water to fill a lake for recreational purposes was not
111
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
unexpected, but it may be the first time that this has been undertaken in Australia.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
A critical lesson learnt through the process was the collaboration required with DHS.
This was amongst the first major Class A projects constructed in Victoria, and the
first application for log removal credits through reverse osmosis membranes.
Additionally, there was no previous standardised approvals process for a major
recycling project. Intensive collaboration with DHS was required, and resulted in a
very positive outcome.
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112
Project Title
2.10
Project
Proponent
Water Corporation
WA: Groundwater
Replenishment Trial
Project (Beenyup)
Date Funding
Agreement signed
23/11/2007
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Last report:
Feb 2011
Forecast
Completion:
July 2013
Project Location
Beenyup / Northern Gnangara Mound
State
WA
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$19,400,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$50,974,000
NWI Objective/s
2. Encourage reuse and recycling
Project Summary Description
The project involved the implementation of a trial to undertake the advanced treatment of wastewater followed
by injection of the resultant drinking quality water into the Leederville aquifer to supplement Perth’s drinking
water supplies. It involved the construction of an advanced water treatment plant to treat water from the
Beenyup Wastewater Treatment plant, via ultra-filtration, reverse osmosis and ultra-violet disinfection. The
water was then injected into the Leederville aquifer at a location remote from existing drinking water bores
where it will be further cleansed by natural groundwater processes.
Annual risk assessments and monitoring results have demonstrated that the Trial is of low risk and impact to
the community. An “Inter Agency Working Group” formed specifically for the Trial has developed a regulatory
framework which provided approval to commence recharge and described ongoing requirements for
operating the Trial. Plant production targets for November 2010 to February 2011 were met, indicating the
objective to replenish 1.5 GL per year is on track.
The project will be evaluated for a period of three years to monitor its effectiveness, and is due for completion
on 31 July 2013.
The aim of the project is to provide the basis for building community confidence, gaining regulatory approval
and demonstrating technical feasibility to deliver the approach as a new, sustainable climate independent
water source option, with the specific focus of enabling delivery of a large scale scheme in Western Australia.
Project Objective/s
The environmental, economic, social and other objectives of the project are:

To trial the injection of highly treated effluent water into the Leederville Aquifer to replenish Perth’s
groundwater supplies by 1.5 GL per year.

To demonstrate the groundwater replenishment approach in an area of low risk and impact on the
community to gain community and stakeholder confidence and acceptance for use of the approach at a
large scale and to produce a comprehensive communications package that details the work required to
generate acceptance of the approach for potable reuse.

Develop a regulatory approval framework and demonstrate the technical feasibility of replenishing
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groundwater with highly treated wastewater as a new sustainable water source option, with the aim of
enabling delivery of a large scheme in Western Australia.

In collaboration with WA regulators and researchers, acquire the knowledge to be able to approve a full
scale scheme for Gnangara Mound, provide a context for WA and national regulators to generate health,
environmental and water allocation policy and regulations for major schemes, including national
Guidelines for Water Recycling and to inform State and Federal government policy on the currently
sensitive issue of indirect potable reuse via aquifers.

To demonstrate the amalgamation of established technologies to deliver the major innovation of securing
treated wastewater via groundwater replenishment as a new climate independent drinking water source; to
confirm the reliability of the treatment technologies and design details for injection bores for a full scale
scheme.

Recharge 1.5 GL per annum to the stressed groundwater system and reduce ocean outfalls of treated
effluent by 1.5 GL per annum.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Completion of a communications plan (Milestone 1):
The project ‘Communication Strategy’ was developed in consultation with regulators and
stakeholders, and was approved by the Water Corporation for implementation.
Completion of preliminaries to works to commence detailed design of treatment
plant (Milestone 1):
Preliminaries included:

Section 38 Referral (Environmental Protection Act) submitted to Environmental
Protection Authority (EPA)

Works Approval document submitted to Environment and Conservation (DEC)

Series of health and environmental risk workshops completed in February and March
2008; outcomes incorporated into Risk Assessment Report and presented to
regulators in March 2008.
Engagement of contractor to undertake construction of monitoring bores and
injection bore (Milestone 1):
The contract was awarded to Colby Drilling and the contractor was mobilised in Early
May 2008.
Construction of monitoring bores and injections bores, and obtain all necessary
government approvals to commence construction of treatment plant (Milestone 2):
The drilling of monitoring and injection bores was completed by December 2008 and
commissioning of monitoring headworks was completed in January 2009.
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Works Approval to commence construction of the treatment plant was received in
November 2008 from the Department of Environment and Conservation (no comments
were received).
Procure and install treatment plant equipment, and complete concrete works,
tanks and chemical area (Milestone 2a):
All major process equipment packages were delivered to and installed by May 2009. All
concrete works, tanks and chemical area were also completed by this date.
Complete construction of treatment plant and management documents (Milestone
3):
The construction of the AWRP was completed by January 2010. This was only one
month behind schedule. The management documents, including management plans and
water quality management plans, were also completed at this date.
Completion of 3 month operation of treatment plant (Milestones 4):
Three months of operation of the AWRP was completed on 30 April 2010.
Commence injection into the aquifer (Milestone 4a):
The recharge of the aquifer has commenced. Commissioning the Advanced Water
Recycling Plant was successfully completed in October 2010 and recharge of recycled
water to the Leederville aquifer commenced on 10 November 2010.
Provision of progress report following 12 months operation of the AWRP
(Milestone 5 – due date July 2011):
This progress report has not been made available. At the time of the latest progress
report (no. 10) this milestone was still achievable.
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Provision of progress reports following 24 and 36 months operation of the AWRP
respectively (Milestones 6 & 7 – due dates July 2012 and July 2013):
The milestone dates for these project reports are at a future date. At the time of the
latest progress report (no. 10) these milestones were still achievable.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has been consistent and has thus far achieved the Project Objectives.
The trial injection of highly treated effluent water into the Leederville Aquifer to replenish
Perth’s groundwater supplies has begun. Plant production targets for November 2010 to
February 2011 were met, indicating the objective to replenish 1.5 GL per year is on
track.
Annual risk assessments and monitoring results have demonstrated that the Trial is of
low risk and impact to the community, demonstrating this objective in order to gain
community and stakeholder confidence and acceptance.
An “Inter Agency Working Group” formed specifically for the Trial has developed a
regulatory framework which provided approval to commence recharge and described
ongoing requirements for operating the Trial. This work is ongoing and the objective is
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on track for successful completion.
In addition to operating the AWRP to demonstrate compliance against health and
environmental guidelines, the Trial has a number of research activities relating to the
treatment process and the aquifer which will assess feasibility of groundwater
replenishment and allow policy and regulation to be developed. These research projects
are progressing well and providing information which is regularly reviewed to ensure
outcomes against the project objectives will be achieved. This objective is also on track.
The trial is also successfully demonstrating the amalgamation of established
technologies to deliver treated wastewater via groundwater replenishment as a new
climate independent drinking water source.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
This project is consistent with the NWI objective to encourage reuse and recycling. If
successful, 1.5 gigalitres per year of recycled wastewater will be injected into the
Leederville Aquifer, providing an additional 1.5 gigalitres of water for Perth’s drinking
water supplies.
This project is also consistent with a secondary NWI objective to support statutory water
planning.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques for
applying wastewater treatment and groundwater injection technologies in Western Australian.
This project has increased the state of development of treatment and aquifer injection
technologies used in the water industry. Although there are no new technologies applied in
this project, the project has demonstrated an amalgamation of established technologies to
deliver the major innovation of securing treated wastewater via groundwater replenishment
as a new climate independent drinking water source. If successful, this project will confirm
the reliability of these treatment technologies and the design details for injections bores for
larger scale schemes.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
applying wastewater treatment and groundwater injection technologies into wastewater
recycling standard practices or processes.
There is no evidence of this yet occurring. However, It has captured the attention of the
media, water industry people, and local communities, and this attention may contribute to
accelerated development and uptake of treatment and aquifer storage technology across
Australia.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques for the
technical and regulatory processes for indirect potable water supply in Western Australia.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as wastewater recycling and
groundwater injection for indirect potable re-use of groundwater.
This project increases and advances the state of development of water use practices in the
water industry. The project provides a demonstration of the technical process and the
associated regulatory requirements, for undertaking full scale groundwater replenishment
schemes in Australia. This has provided a context for Western Australian and Federal
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regulators to generate health, environmental and water allocation policy regulations for major
groundwater recharge schemes.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating the
technical and regulatory processes for indirect potable water supply into wastewater recycling
standard practices or processes.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as wastewater recycling and
groundwater injection for indirect potable re-use of groundwater.
The proponent representative has advised that the project has captured the attention of the
media, water industry people, schools and local communities, and the treatment plant has
had approximately 5,300 visitors since completion. In addition, phone surveys indicate that
public acceptance of water re-use is at a relatively positive level of 70%. This attention will
likely contribute to advancing the uptake of water re-use and aquifer storage across Australia.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
A variation to the funding agreement was agreed to in April 2009. This created a new
milestone (2a) the effect of which was to bring forward $4,000,000 of funding payable upon
completion of milestone 3 forward by six months.
Similarly, Milestone 4 was separated into “4” and “4a”. The reason for this appears to be that
the first main component of the original Milestone 4 (3 months operation of the AWRP) was
completed by April 2010 whereas the other main component (commence recharge of the
aquifer) was not completed until November 2010. Splitting the milestones enabled $8M of the
$8.5M funding allocated to Milestone 4 could be paid prior to commencement of aquifer
recharge. It should be noted however that the variation to the funding agreement was not
available, and this information was inferred from the progress reports.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
None identified.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
A number of lessons learnt were identified in the latest progress report (no. 10):

Gaining in-principle agreement from regulatory authorities and then forming a working
group to define regulatory gaps and provide a way forward

Forming a project team four years prior to recharge commencing helped define objectives
of the trial and ensure it was designed to produce information to meet the objectives.

Using third party technical peer reviewers to support the design team and project team
was useful

Using a risk based management framework based on environmental values and
objectives that have been agreed with regulators upfront ensured the relevant sampling,
monitoring, operating process/programs were implemented.

During commissioning of the AWRP it was more important to assure that the treatment
process and management systems were performing well over a prolonged period than to
commission by the milestone date. To avoid this in future it was suggested to allow
sufficient time in the commissioning process to thoroughly validate the design, operate
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under normal conditions for an appropriate period of time, and allow regulators enough
time to thoroughly review the commissioning reports and provide approval.

Keeping stakeholders informed throughout the entire process to ensure that they can
provide an informed opinion if required.
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3
NWI Objective 3: Increased
productivity and water use
efficiency in agriculture
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Project Title
3.1
Project
Proponent
NSW: Coleambally
Water Smart Australia
Project (CWSA Project)
Date Funding
Agreement signed
19/11/2007
Coleambally Irrigation
Cooperative Limited (CICL)
Date Completed
(final/last report)
March 2012
(final report)
Project Location
Coleambally Irrigation Area and outfall
drain district, Coleambally, NSW
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (excl.
GST)
$7,205,693
Total Project Cost
(excl. GST)
$12,431,726
NWI Objective/s
3. Increase productivity and water use efficiency in agriculture
Project Summary Description
The project aimed to roll out the latest precision irrigation techniques and contemporary water data
technologies over the Coleambally Irrigation region to maximise production and reduce the environmental
footprint of irrigation. The project was being delivered by the Coleambally Irrigation Cooperative Ltd (CICL),
with a sub-contract for delivery of one element (element 12) by Charles Sturt University.
Project Objective/s
The primary Objective of the Project was to increase the efficiency of irrigated water use and irrigated crop
productivity in the Coleambally Irrigation Area (CIA), by generating Water Savings of up to 23 GL per annum
(estimated at general security equivalent). A proportion of the Water Savings will be made available to an
Environmental Water Manager; this in turn will achieve improved environmental outcomes in the southern
Murray Darling Basin.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
a. Near on-demand irrigation delivery service across the CIA. This will be achieved
by augmenting existing initiatives such as the implementation of Total Channel
Control, by constructing an in-line storage and installing automated meter outlets.
CICL’s farmers (less those in the West Coleambally Channel), now have access to water
delivery on approximately two hours’ notice; precision farm outlet controllers, increased
delivery capacity on-farm and automated water ordering and water accounting. Drought
(and the uncertainty of the Basin Plan) reduced CICL’s enthusiasm for the In-line Storage
(Element 3) and so it too was removed by agreement with the Commonwealth.
b. Improved monitoring and measurement of on-farm water use achieved by CICL
by installing accurate meter outlets and monitoring groundwater meters.
All Dethridge wheels have been replaced from CICL’s delivery system, with the
Installation of 311 FlumeGate Meter Outlets. CICL has accurate control and precise
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measurement over the flow of irrigation water within its supply system and onto farms.
The installation of remote telemetry to bore meters in the CIA (a relatively minor
component of this project outcome) was removed from the project when it was found that
the majority of existing meters would not be compliant with an impending non-urban
National Metering standard had to be upgraded before telemetry could be attached to
them.
c. Improved delivery to drainage diverters in CICL’s drainage system through
installation of automated regulators in the drainage system. The regulation of the
drainage system will provide capacity to efficiently deliver water to holders of
Water Access Licences in Yanco and Billabong Creeks.
The scope of this element was reduced (from 5 regulators to 2 regulators) due to
increased costs associated with communications equipment and CICL concerns
regarding the submersible regulator design. The utilisation of Total Channel Control
(TCC) (a channel automation system) ultimately proved unsuccessful within this element.
d. Provision of daily site specific information to growers on crop
evapotranspiration and climatic conditions, this will be achieved by installing
automatic weather stations and the use of satellite imagery and remote sensing
technology.
Four weather stations / flux towers were installed, together with communications system
and FarmConnect user software. CICL’s farmers now enjoy access to web based and
real-time weather data and climatic trends. CICL’s farmers are better positioned to plan
and schedule their water use and to research crop specific evapo-transpiration data and
crop coefficients specific to local conditions
e. Monitoring soil moisture in broadacre crops to help CIA Irrigators improve the
scheduling of irrigation applications and productivity of broadacre crops in the
CIA.
The major variations to this element were a reduction in scope because CICL’s farmers
were reluctant to invest in what was an expensive technology and especially so in the
middle of a drought. CICL therefore opted, with Commonwealth approval, to modify this
element to be demonstrations rather than ‘rollouts’.
The utility of soil moisture probes was established for CICL and those of its farmers who
employed the technology, with some being able to save one or two watering events.
f. Providing whole farm water balance surveys for individual farms using
instrumentation in rice bays, on-farm channels and dams to identify, quantify and
monitor deep leakage losses on farm to assist in irrigation management decisions.
The original intent was that CICL purchase equipment to monitor rice bays on 25 farms
and then rotate it across all CIA farms over a decade. However, the project was deleted
when CICL established that the commercially available solutions did not offer sufficient
utility when employed on rice farms.
g. Installation of a large scale trial of on-farm bay automation technologies.
The major variation to this element was a decision to change from a roll-out of 800
automated irrigation bay actuation devices to a proof of concept at the Murrumbidgee
Shire Demonstration Farm. This change was driven by a realisation that the related
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technologies were either too immature or too expensive at the time and that during an
extended drought CICL’s farmers were not in a position to embrace them.
h. Transfer of Agreed Water Savings to an Environmental Water Manager.
Of the 4,700 ML conveyance entitlement originally proposed to be transferred to the
Commonwealth, 2,570 ML was ultimately transferred. The reduction in water transfers to
the Commonwealth was due to the significantly reduced scope of the project.
i. Aggregate on-farm data collected to provide district wide information for a water
order forecasting decision support system as an input to the Murrumbidgee River
system harmonisation framework.
The first part of this outcome, data integration and web interface, was largely achieved,
although with a reduced scope. The reduced scope was due to less data being available
than originally anticipated, and communications technology improvements.
The second part of this outcome, system harmonisation, saw a significant body of
research work undertaken on the available data, but limited practical outcomes in terms
of water scheduling.
j. By providing media coverage and promotion materials improve knowledge and
capacity of local, regional and national irrigators through showcasing the benefits
of and providing fundamental learnings from integrating distributed control and
environmental monitoring technologies, which are intended to encourage uptake
by other irrigators nationally.
CICL has been able to showcase its modernisation at national and international
conferences, on national media and to Federal and State politicians and to international
delegations from Argentina, China, India, New Zealand, Pakistan and the USA.
k. Provide opportunities for local suppliers to provide services and supplies to You
in Your performance of the Project thus enhancing regional economic outcomes
Appears to have been largely achieved, with major work components such as automation
supplied by Rubicon (an Australian supplier) installed by locals.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
While the final scope of the project was reduced due to project complexities,
technological issues and farmers’ willingness and ability to invest, the project has clearly
achieved the objective of increasing the efficiency of irrigated water use and irrigated
crop productivity in the Coleambally Irrigation Area. The project has resulted in a major
change in irrigation management in the CIA, with channels now automated, and CICL
and irrigators having improved access to climate and water data.
Due to the reduced project scope, the water savings and returns to the Commonwealth
were less than originally anticipated.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 3. Increase productivity and water use efficiency in agriculture
The project has almost certainly increased water use efficiency in agriculture for the
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Coleambally region, with 2,570 ML in savings transferred to the Commonwealth and the
remaining savings improving security of supply for CICL irrigators. This will have
translated to increased productivity (tonnes/ML); however the significantly reduced scope
of the on-farm measures would have limited the potential increase in productivity.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
The project largely implemented existing technologies, such as Rubicon’s Total
Channel Control channel automation system. The project elements relying on lessdeveloped technology tended to be less successful, and were typically removed
from the project scope. The system harmonisation element could be regarded as
having advanced the state of development of decision support system technology
from a research perspective, although the practical outcomes were limited.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of
technology/
technologies in water
use in the water
industry?
The project has had a major impact on the uptake of channel automation and realtime climate data technologies in the Coleambally region of NSW.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of practices in relation
to water use in the water
industry?
This project has not increased or advanced the state of development of practices in
relation to water use in the water industry.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of practices
in water use in the water
industry?
As a result of the new technologies implemented by this project, the uptake of
efficient irrigation management practices has increased in the Coleambally region
of NSW.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
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CICL has acknowledged that elements of CICL’s WSA program were very
ambitious and, in retrospect, there were points within the program when CICL was
confronted with technical problems or other realities that indicated some timelines
or deliverables were unlikely to be met. When CICL did identify the limitations of
some of its planning assumptions and the challenges that drought and immature
technologies were presenting, the Commonwealth’s WSA managers were
agreeable to proposed changes.
123
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the
project, technically,
institutionally, or in
regard to achievement
of the
outcomes/objectives?
CICL identified the following issues that arose during the course of the project, and
impacted upon project outcomes:
It became apparent during the course of the program that some of the new
technologies that were being utilised were not as mature as claimed or were too
expensive relative to the local utilisation of them.
The adoption of the National Plan for Water Security in 2007 and Water for the
Future in 2008 provided impetus to CICL’s WSA program. However the uncertainty
generated by the Murray-Darling Basin planning process did not and this impacted
on farmers’ willingness to invest in on-farm projects for a period. Changed funding
arrangements between the Commonwealth and the States saw NSW receive
funding for the upgrading of meters and telemetry rendering part of the project
redundant.
During the winter/spring/summer of 2010, the Murrumbidgee Valley (including
Coleambally) experienced a number of very large rainfall events. The resulting
flooding impacted greatly on CICL’s WSA works program and this required the
program to be extended until 2011.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
Detailed lessons learned are presented in CICL’s final report. CICL identified the
following key learnings from the project:
The major lesson learned from CICL’s WSA project is that complex and high
cost/value projects warrant the appointment of a fulltime Project Director reporting
directly to the CEO.
The second important lesson for CICL has been that any future contractual dealings
with research institutions need to be underpinned by a much clearer understanding
of the ‘deliverables’ and greater certainty about who is undertaking what work.
Further, than CICL cannot confine itself to being a client; instead it must be directly
represented at the level where the research effort is being directed and progress
tracked.
The third important lesson learned by CICL was therefore that where a significant
amount of external funding accrues to CICL for a project that spans a number of
years, that funding should be banked and accounted for separately but that this is
dependent on upfront funding (be it in total or on a milestone by milestones basis).
Although CICL’s WSA project was allocated its own accounting cost centre, the
inclusion of the related funding within CICL’s main accounts complicated the
presentation of accounts and tended to distort shareholders’ understanding of
CICL’s financial situation.
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Project Title
3.2
Project
Proponent
NSW: Lake Brewster
Water Efficiency
Project
Date Funding
Agreement signed
5/12/2007
State Water Corporation (NSW)
Date Completed
(final/last report)
July 2011
Project Location
Lake Brewster, Lachlan Valley Way, Lake
Cargelligo NSW
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (excl.
GST)
$7,500,000
Total Project Cost
$13,000,000
NWI Objective/s
3. Increase productivity and water use efficiency in agriculture
Project Summary Description
The project aimed to improve water quality and enhance the capability of Lake Brewster as a re-regulating
storage on the Lachlan River in NSW. It aimed to increase hydraulic efficiency of the storage, generating
water savings and improving the volume, timing and quality of water delivered to the lower Lachlan system for
multiple environmental, economic and social benefits. Lake Brewster was been divided into four management
units: inlet wetland, two lake cells and outlet wetland. The outlet of the lake was to be fenced (to prevent stock
access) and operational plans were to be developed and implemented to form a basis for similar projects.
The completed Capital Works were intended to have regional and national demonstration value as a site for
the adaptive management of a large scale, constructed wetland.
Project Objective/s
The key objectives for both the First Stage and the Second Stage of the Project are:
a. Arrest the decline of Lake Brewster;
b. Reduce evaporation losses by constructing an embankment to divide Lake Brewster into 2 cells, thereby
increasing depth and reducing surface area;
c. Improve hydraulic and operational efficiency within Lake Brewster and associated channels for the benefit
of the whole Lachlan river system;
d. Improve quality of water being discharged from Lake Brewster for the benefit of the Lachlan riverine
environment and water users downstream;
e. Increase water supply security to water users and the environment;
f. Enhance wetland function to improve water quality while maintaining the residual pool and waterbird
breeding habitat values;
g. Ensure ongoing operation of Lake Brewster continually improves water quality and habitat;
h. Improve the delivery of water in the Lachlan valley system for Environmental Purposes;
i. Increase capacity for adaptive water management; and
j. Optimise the environmental and social benefits, for the Lachlan Valley, gained through the application of
water and strategic structural works and complementary land management and appropriate system
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operational rules.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
a. Achieve water savings of 8.8 gigalitres (GL)
The bulk of the water savings will have been achieved with the completion of the main
embankment in December 2009, dividing the main lake into two cells and significantly
reducing evaporation losses from the lake.
The original water savings estimates appear to be reasonable, having been based on
IQQM scenario modelling by the Water Management Unit of NSW DNR.
There is no confirmation of the magnitude of estimated water savings in the project
documentation available. Assuming that the original evaporation losses for Lake
Brewster were estimated accurately, the long term water savings realised by the
reconfiguration of the lake should be close to the modelled estimate. Final verification of
water savings will only occur from long term monitoring of the lake water balance.
A report on water management was expected to be produced and submitted in
November 2011; however is not currently available.
b. secure at least 5,280 unit shares of Water Savings as Environmental Water in
accordance with clause 10;
NWC’s share of water savings from the project was transferred to an Adaptive
Environmental Water Licence under Milestone 3 of the project, completed in early 2009.
The details of the final Adaptive Environmental Water Licence were not available with
the documentation provided, however are believed to be in accord with clause 10 of the
funding agreement (5,280 unit shares or 60% of achieved savings).
A report on water management was expected to be produced and submitted in
November 2011; however is not currently available.
c. Construct approximately 1,040 hectares (ha) of inflow and outflow wetlands that
filter water;
The inflow wetland embankment was completed in May 2009; and channels and
structures associated with the outflow wetland were completed in June 2010.
Establishment of 300 ha of inflow wetland vegetation and 780 ha of outflow wetland
vegetation commenced in September 2010 with the commencement of water diversions
to the lake. It is not clear from the available documentation whether the final extent of
the wetland planting has met, or will meet, the requirements of the funding agreement.
d. Lake Brewster is completely fenced securing it from the damage caused by
grazing such as erosion of the channel and decline in water quality;
15 km of fencing on outlet channel was completed in Dec 2008.
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e. An operational plan to maintain and utilise Lake Brewster’s constructed
wetlands and habitat for the benefit of the whole Lachlan River system.
The Lake Brewster Land and Water Management Plan was released by the Lachlan
Catchment Management Authority, State Water, and Lachlan Valley Users in April 2009.
The management plan includes storage operating rules, as well guidelines for the
establishment and maintenance of the wetland and lake bed. The Lake Brewster Water
Use Plan for the Lachlan Water Management Area is also included as an appendix to
the management plan.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
Based on the available documentation, the project appears to have been successfully
delivered on time and on budget. It is expected that the project will have achieved most
of the project objectives related to water savings, water supply security, operational
efficiency and environmental water delivery. The project has also enabled water quality
and habitat benefits to be delivered, together with broader economic and social
objectives, however these will require careful on-going management in accordance with
the Lake Brewster Land and Water Management Plan.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: Increase productivity and water use efficiency in agriculture
The intention of this project is to increase water use efficiency of a major water storage
and delivery component of the Lachlan River system, which is a large agricultural water
supply system. Reducing evaporation and transfer losses increases water use efficiency
and improving water quality allows water from Lake Brewster to be used for longer
periods, reducing the need to obtain water from further upstream, where significant
additional system water losses and time lags occur. This project is consistent with the
NWI objective to increase productivity and water use efficiency in agriculture.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
The project uses standard earthworks, concrete water control structures and
wetland vegetation to achieve its water quantity and water quality objectives. There
is little indication that new or novel technologies have been considered or utilised in
the implementation of this project, and no lines of research have been identified in
relation to the project.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
There is no evidence that the project has increased or advanced the wider use and
uptake of water use technologies.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The project will improve water management practices in a large agricultural water
delivery system by allowing greater flexibility in water allocation and delivery
decisions by the relevant water authorities. For a water system that covers a large,
flat area and has dry climatic conditions, the improvement in practices of the Lake
Brewster component of the system is considered an advancement of the state of
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development of practices in relation to water use in the water industry.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Apart from the improvement in practices achieved by this project, there is no readily
available information that indicates that this project has encouraged other similar
practices to occur in other areas or other parts of the water industry.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
The project appeared to achieve its milestones mostly in line with the requirements
of the funding agreement. There were no obvious project difficulties or changing
circumstances. There were no funding agreement variations, project delays or
budget changes required for this project.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
There were no unexpected outcomes evident from the project documentation
available. The project proponent appeared to complete the majority of the
milestones as and when described in the funding agreement.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
There were several project milestones and outcomes that were not fully reported
against and/or achieved. It is difficult to determine the extent of the project’s
achievements and its alignment with project and program objectives without this
information. The progress reports provided by the project proponent were very brief
and provided little context or description of achievements, issues, likelihood of work
planned for the next reporting period being achieved, or discussion of how the
achievement of project outcomes achieved the project objectives. The Department
could work with proponents to develop a progress report that more fully addresses
the requirements of the funding agreement.
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Project Title
3.3
Project
Proponent
SA: Remote Reading of
Irrigation Water Meters
Date Funding
Agreement signed
1/06/2006
Central Irrigation Trust (CIT)
Date Completed
(final/last report)
December
2010 (final
report)
Project Location
Central Irrigation Trust (CIT), BARMERA
SA 5345
State
SA
Australian
Government
Contribution (excl.
GST)
$2,187,985
Total Project Cost
(excl. GST)
$3,761,986
NWI Objective/s
3. Increase productivity and water use efficiency in agriculture
Project Summary Description
The project has resulted in the improvement of water delivery efficiency and on-farm water use efficiency in
the ten irrigation areas managed by Central Irrigation Trust along the South Australia River Murray
(Riverland) through the successful implementation of remote monitoring systems. In doing so, it has
developed and demonstrated to the wider national irrigation industry how to build the capacity to provide real
time data to farms on the flow rate and water consumption for more precise irrigation of crops.
Under the project, CIT completed the installation of electronic water meters to all irrigation outlets in the
irrigation districts managed by CIT. Over the four stages of the project, 2,334 radio kits were installed on
meters throughout the irrigation districts managed by CIT and 13 Remote Access Telemetry hub base
stations were installed in the irrigation districts managed by CIT.
The results of the project were presented at a number of conferences and trade shows. Presentations were
also made to Federal and State politicians, Departmental and agency representatives (SA, Victoria and NSW)
and international visitors (Iraq and South East Asian Countries).
Project Objective/s (Funding Agreement)
The primary objective of the project was to enable delivery system managers to develop and demonstrate to
the wider national irrigation industry how to build the capacity to provide real time data to farms on the flow
rate and water consumption for more precise irrigation of crops.
Secondary aims of the project were to reduce drainage to the riverine environment and increase farm water
use efficiency through and beyond the life of the project. It is estimated that this will result in a reduction of
1,500 megalitres in water use by existing farmers irrigating the current crop mix of trees and vines.
The final water use savings will be determined after taking into account seasonal fluctuations, changes in
crop mix that involve different crop water requirements, water trade into and out of the districts, reductions in
irrigated area through property retirements and any increases in irrigated area from property developments.
The project requires CIT to report on the estimated water savings and all of the above factors which have
affected the level of savings in the Final Project Report.
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List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
a. Research and evaluate the alternatives of radio and telephone based
communications;
CIT undertook a tender process to supply goods and services for the remote reading of
irrigation meters. The proposal from Jo Com, who had supplied equipment for an initial
telemetry trial, satisfied all the requirements of the project technical specifications
particularly for functioning with the current power supply at meter sites and having
modest operating costs. Experience during the trial and selection process indicated that
the Jo Com equipment was the only equipment that could operate successfully with
CIT’s meter fleet. All the other proposals significantly exceeded the project budget while
offering no advantage. Most proposals could not meet the technical requirements, due
mainly to power consumption.
b. Develop the software for broad scale integration of meter consumption and flow
data into business systems;
The Jo Com Remote Access Telemetry (RAT) system, comprising telemetry hardware
and software modules, was selected for this project. Software for the CIT telemetry
project used the Jo Com RAT system office server running on Microsoft Windows XP.
The server is composed of a MySQL Database Server and Perl Software Modules,
which manage the telemetry data. This data is available to system managers and
irrigators though an Apache web server.
c. Undertake trials for radio and telephone based systems in selected sites, to
determine the most effective methods of transmitting large quantities of data at
frequent intervals from 2300 meters, over a 250km area;
The initial pilot stage of the Remote Access Telemetry project commenced in March
2005 (prior to the WSA funding), and was completed successfully in June 2007, under
Stage 1 of the WSA project. Stage 1 saw 65 irrigation outlet sites in the Berri Irrigation
District fitted with Jo Com telemetry radios. The first RAT hub station was installed and
commissioned. The server computer was configured with the Database System, Server
Scripts and Initial web pages.
d. Install electronic meters for farms at Berri, Moorook, Cadell, Cobdogla,
Mypolonga and Lyrup;
Under the project, CIT completed the installation of electronic water meters to all
irrigation outlets in the irrigation districts managed by CIT (originally commenced in
1999).
e. Install radio hardware for Berri, Kingston, Chaffey, Moorook, Waikerie,
Mypolonga, Cadell, Cobdogla, Loxton and Lyrup;
Over the four stage of the project, 2,334 radio kits were installed on meters throughout
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the irrigation districts managed by CIT. These low cost radio nodes download and
transmit seven parameters from each of the electronic water meters, via a local radio
network.
f. Install radio hubs for Berri, Kingston, Chaffey, Moorook, Waikerie, Mypolonga,
Cadell, Cobdogla, Loxton and Lyrup;
Over the four stage of the project, 13 Remote Access Telemetry hub base stations were
installed in the irrigation districts managed by CIT. Hub stations were located within
each of the local radio networks, and communicate with the individual radio nodes
located at each meter via a VHF master radio transceiver. The hub station downloads
the current meter readings from each of the meter sites within the local radio network
and routes the meter information back to the CIT office via a NextG modem.
g. Operate the new telemetry system as it comes on line.
Over the four stages of the project, radio nodes, hub stations and supporting software
were progressively commissioned. This included the development of website queries
and tools for system operators and irrigators (including a Google Earth mapping tool), as
well as integration of the telemetry system with CIT’s billing system.
h. Develop and implement a demonstration strategy for the project.
Over the four stages of the project, results of the project were presented at a number of
conferences and trade shows. Presentations were also made to Federal and State
politicians, Departmental and agency representatives (SA, Victoria and NSW) and
international visitors (Iraq and South East Asian Countries).
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has clearly achieved its objective of implementing a remote access telemetry
system to provide real-time flow and consumption data to system operators and
irrigators in the ten irrigation areas managed by Central Irrigation Trust. In doing so, it
has developed and demonstrated to the wider national irrigation industry how to build the
capacity to provide real time data to farms on the flow rate and water consumption for
more precise irrigation of crops.
Implementation of the telemetry system will have enabled irrigators to reduce water use
through being able to more accurately and remotely monitor on-farm water use and to
integrate this data with their own on-farm moisture and irrigation monitoring systems. At
this stage, it is difficult to estimate the water savings directly attributable to the telemetry
system. This is due to a range of factors, such as water restrictions, property
retirements, water trade, changes in irrigated area, and the varying crop water
requirements from year to year.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 3. Increase productivity and water use efficiency in agriculture
The project has almost certainly increased water use efficiency in agriculture for the
irrigation districts managed by the CIT. This will have translated to increased
productivity (tonnes/ML). As discussed above, the actual water savings are difficult to
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estimate at this stage, but will become clearer over the longer term.
Implementation of the telemetry system will have enabled irrigators to more accurately
manage on-farm water use, thereby increasing agricultural productivity.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
The project has advanced the state of development of low cost remote access
telemetry in the irrigation industry in Australia. While the use of telemetry has
become more widespread in the Australian urban and rural water industry in recent
years, CIT and its development partner Jo Com have developed a unique telemetry
system for district-scale remote monitoring of irrigation meters.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
The project has had a major impact on the uptake of real-time remote monitoring of
irrigation meters in South Australia. Through presentations to interstate agency and
Department representatives, it is possible that there also has been some impact on
the national uptake of remote access telemetry in the irrigation industry.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The implementation of remote access telemetry will have enabled irrigators in the
CIT irrigation districts with the ability to more closely manage their water delivery
and application systems.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The implementation of remote access telemetry will have improved the irrigation
practices of irrigators in the CIT irrigation districts. Feedback from irrigators is that
many irrigators are using the system to manage their irrigation and review system
performance.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
There is evidence that the NWC was able to accommodate variations requested by
CIT for changes in technology within the agreed budget, and changes in scope
(additional software development and hardware).
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
Through the four stages of the project, CIT encountered a number of technical
challenges with the implementation of the remote access telemetry system. These
technical challenges were all overcome through the commissioning stages of the
project through troubleshooting or technological development. The technical issues
included:
 Interference between different radio networks;
 Inadequate height of the Berri antenna;
 Impacts of land undulation on radio signals in some districts;
 Problems with battery life;
 Faulty radio hardware;

Software bugs;
 Hub station hardware faults.
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Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
Detailed lessons learned are presented in CIT’s final report. CIT identified the
following key learning’s from the project:
A radio network is suitable if there is a substantial number of irrigation meters
located in close proximity. CIT has over five hundred outlets located in some of its
irrigation districts, so radio telemetry networks are suitable. Terrain is the most
important factor in determining radio network performance, especially at over 3km.
Therefore radio networks are most suitable for plains and river flats. If there is
undulation or small hills then the radio network can start to have problems.
A radio network can keep operating costs down, with low power use and only one
radio license and sim card required for each district. Mobile phone telemetry is more
expensive, as one sim card is required for each meter, each requiring its own data
plan, while power costs are also higher.
Radio networks can be hard to manage and operate. There must be personnel that
can troubleshoot problem sites in a radio network. Mobile phone telemetry is easier
because the complexities of managing a private radio network are not involved.
Mobile phone telemetry is available anywhere there is mobile phone coverage.
In bigger irrigation districts in Victoria and New South Wales, there will be many
irrigation meters located at a great distance from each other, and from any
hypothetical base station. This makes it less desirable to use radio telemetry in
these bigger areas and mobile telemetry may be more suitable.
Technology is advancing at a rapid pace, with new wireless technologies emerging
all the time. The price of equipment continues to drop, making these systems more
and more cost effective. CIT has had discussions with companies able to provide
high performance equipment at a fraction of what telemetry was worth at the
commencement of the project.
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Project Title
3.4
Project
Proponent
TAS: Tasmanian Water
Use Management
Project (TWUMP)
Date Funding
Agreement signed
18/05/2007
Hydro Tasmania Consulting
Date Completed
(final/last report)
June 2011
(final report)
Project Location
Tasmania
State
TAS
Australian
Government
Contribution (excl.
GST)
$5,787,615
Total Project Cost
(excl. GST)
$10,854,955
NWI Objective/s
3. Increase productivity and water use efficiency in agriculture
Project Summary Description
The project was developed to collect and manage Tasmania-wide water use data for irrigators and water
mangers through the installation telemetry units on farm water meters across Tasmania. Installation of 1,227
of the originally planned 3000 telemetry units has been achieved constituting between 60% and 70% of the
volume of irrigation for primary production in the state representing significant progress towards the objectives
of the project.
Through the project, an Ajenti Data Management System was established to manage water use data
collected and allow licensees access to their information on the data base in areas where the telemetry units
have been installed.
Project Objective/s
The environmental, social and economic objectives of the project are as follows:
a. the project will provide reliable water use data for water planning and management purposes across
Tasmania
b. provide licensees with secure access to their water use data on a daily basis which will enable more water
efficient production;
c. provide the Department of Primary Industries and Water (DPIW) with accurate water use data to assist with
state water planning, compliance and management;
d. determine the framework for on-going full cost recovery to ensure the long term benefits of the project;
e. the project will link with existing state wide research and extension programs on water use efficiency; and
f. the project will seek to engage stakeholders to enhance the environmental, social and economic benefits
from the project
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
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135
a. Installation of 3,000 Ajenti telemetry devices and associated hardware on
irrigation water meters across Tasmania;
Although 3,000 installations were originally scoped in the project a total of 1,227 were
achieved. The reduction in numbers achieved was partly due to problems with the statewide metering project which was a predecessor to the TWUMP. Full metering throughout
the state was not achieved and consequently a number of licensed off-takes remained
unmetered and with no telemetry. Further a number of metered sites are not compliant to
Australian standards and cannot accurately provide the signalling to the telemetry that is
required.
Finally the TWUMP was impacted by Tasmanian Government Policy limitations in
regards to charging for water licenses. Tasmanian Government Departments could only
part fund the ongoing running costs of the installed telemetry and were not willing to
pass on charges to Licensees making full roll-out of the telemetry unviable in the long
term.
Nevertheless the sites which have been metered and telemetered now constitute
between 60% and 70% of the volume of irrigation for primary production in the state
which represents significant progress towards the objectives of the National Water
Initiative.
b. Establish radio networks where required through the use of up to 600 radio
units;
The original funding submission budget allowed for the installation of 690 radio units (on
around 20% of the Ajenti units), at a cost of $621,000. The final radio hardware cost of
$49,518 indicates that the final number of radio units was substantially less than this.
This would be due in part to the reduced number of Ajenti units installed (1,227), but also
indicates that radio technology was used on a smaller proportion of the units than
originally anticipated.
It is noted that the radio hardware costs for this project were not included in the final
WSA funding.
c. Establishment of a water use data collection and management system;
An Ajenti Data Management System was established as part of the project. Since the
end of the project, 3rd party SCADA data has been imported into the Ajenti Data
Management System, replacing the email system used previously. It is noted that a
Data Management Working Group was to have been formed by the various project
partners under the original agreement – however, this never occurred.
d. Establishment of a central database and web server;
A central database and web server was established as part of the project. Web-based
access to water use data was a key outcome of the project. This provided automated
links between databases via the internet, and is used to transfer data from the central
database into the Access Database of local trusts for water monitoring and billing. Webbased technology was also implemented to transfer rolled up water data to the Bureau of
Meteorology.
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e. Provision of 3,000 password protected web user accounts for licensees to
access individual water use data.
While not stated directly in the final report, it is assumed that the successful
implementation of a central database and web server will have provided individual users
with web-based access to their water use data. This would only have occurred for the
1,227 Ajenti units that were installed by this project.
f. Establishment of 7 demonstration sites within key catchments, with 14 field
days per year around the state based on one at the start and end of the irrigation
season at each demonstration site;
Unknown/
Insufficient info
There is no indication within the final report that the demonstration sites were
established, or the field days held.
g. Conduct regular meetings. surveys and liaison with stakeholders;
While some irrigators were supportive of the installation of water meters and telemetry,
there is evidence of significant resistance from some of the trusts and irrigators to the
new technology, which was regarded as a cost impost (particularly in regard to the ongoing operating and maintenance costs). There was also a lack of support for the
project from the Tasmanian Government and the Tasmanian Department of Primary
Industries, Parks, Water and Environment (DPIPWE). Given these challenges, it is
reasonable to assume that the stakeholder engagement did not achieve its original
objectives in regard to the new telemetry technology.
However, there is evidence of significant consultation with stakeholders through the
course of this project, in an attempt to overcome irrigator resistance to metering. This
included:

Liaison with the national meter regulators – Metering Expert Group;

Liaison with State Regulators – Department of Primary Industry Water and
Environment;

Educational seminars with a number of irrigator groups including;
– Water trusts such as Winnaleah Irrigation Scheme and Cressy Longford Irrigation
Scheme;
– Regional irrigator groups;
– Irrigation efficiency educational programs; and
– Primary producer bodies such as the Tasmanian Farmers and Graziers
Association.

Training of stakeholder managers and other staff involved in the project on issues
such as meter installation and soil moisture management
h. Install telemetry system on the Wesley Vale — Sassafras (Panatana Catchment)
as a priority area.
126 meters and telemetry units were installed in the Sassafras Irrigation Scheme.
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To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The final scope of the project was substantially reduced due to a lack of support from the
Tasmanian Government and the Tasmanian Department of Primary Industries, Parks,
Water and Environment (DPIPWE).
Due to a withdrawal in the Tasmanian Government’s support for the installation of
irrigation meters across Tasmania, the project was re-scoped in early 2010. As part of
the project variation, the Federal Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the
Arts (DEWHA) made a judgement that the project objectives and benefits could be met
in continuing with a limited roll-out of telemetry units rather than closing the project down.
DEWHA acknowledged that the project objective to “determine the framework for ongoing full cost recovery” of providing water use data will not be achieved as the
Tasmanian Government is not mandating irrigation metering or the cost recovery of
water use data gathering. While acknowledging that the project would not cover the
collection of water use data across all Tasmania the re-scoped project aimed to deliver
the following objectives:

Provide reliable automated water use data for water planning and management
purposes across a number of catchments with major irrigation schemes;

Provide irrigation schemes and licensees with secure access to their water use data
on a daily basis which will enable more water efficient water use and production
through irrigation scheduling;

Provide the DPIPWE with accurate water use data to assist with environmental and
irrigation water delivery arrangements in catchments with major irrigation usage; and

Act as a catalyst for the adoption of best practice water use monitoring and
management for all Tasmania’s irrigation schemes and major irrigators.
It is believed that these revised objectives have been met.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 3. Increase productivity and water use efficiency in agriculture
While the final project scope was reduced, the project has most likely increased water
use efficiency in agriculture for those irrigation schemes where metering and telemetry
were installed. The installation of metering (not included in the WSA funding), combined
with the Ajenti telemetry system, will have provided irrigators with water use information
that was previously not available. Access to water use data will have enabled irrigators
to improve their water use efficiency.
The resistance to irrigation metering from some of the irrigation trusts and irrigators, and
lack of support from the Tasmanian Government suggests however that there is still
some way to go in promoting a culture of irrigation water use efficiency in some regions
of Tasmania. Generally, those areas with lower supply reliability or high potential for
future irrigation development accepted the need for increased regulation and monitoring
of the water resource (through metering and telemetry), while those areas with relatively
abundant supply resisted the monitoring of water use.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
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technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
The project appears to have assisted in the further development of the Ajenti
telemetry system. This has included:

Improvements to the user web front end;

More efficient database processes;

Automation of quality processes;

Standardisation of quality procedures to identify faults and take corrective action;

Redesign of the Ajenti unit, with improved functionality and reliability;

Existing mobile network improved with a more cost effective network.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
The project has had a major impact on the uptake of metering and telemetry
technologies in a number of Tasmania’s irrigation areas. Of the 23 Tasmanian
catchments identified as having irrigation, nine catchments have had metering and
telemetry installed on over 50% of licences greater than 100 ML.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The implementation of metering and telemetry will have enabled irrigators in a
number of Tasmanian irrigation areas with the ability to more closely manage their
water delivery.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
As a result of the new technologies implemented by this project, the uptake of
efficient irrigation management practices has increased in a number of irrigation
areas in Tasmania. These areas are likely to serve as an example to Tasmanian
irrigation regions that currently have low metering uptake.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
It appears that WSA has been very supportive of changes to the scope of the
Tasmanian Water Use Management project, in light of changing circumstances.
Given the apparent lack of support from DPIPWE, and the withdrawal of support for
the installation of irrigation meters across Tasmania, WSA has enabled some of the
original project objectives to be met through a limited roll-out of telemetry units,
while ensuring the long term viability of the investment (through ensuring that
contracts are in place for the on-going operation and maintenance of the telemetry).
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
The original project submission identified a risk that not all the 3,000 water meters
proposed to be installed by 2008 are installed due to an unwillingness of farmers to
install the meters, or issues relating to the supply of meters. The risk was assessed
as being unlikely, as legislation had been passed obliging water users to install
meters. The Tasmanian Government’s withdrawal of support for the installation of
irrigation meters across Tasmania effectively meant that the original project
objective of installing telemetry on 3,000 meters could not be achieved.
Tasmanian Government Departments could only part fund the ongoing running
costs of the installed telemetry and were not willing to pass on charges to Licensees
making full roll-out of the telemetry unviable in the long term.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
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Lessons learned from the Tasmanian Water Use Management project (TWUMP)
139
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
are contained in the final project report (June 2011).
The TWUMP contributed significantly to knowledge regarding stakeholder
management in primary industries, particularly in the area of water management.
Much has been learned about the introduction of compliance and monitoring in an
environment of water infrastructure development and existing infrastructure where
no further development is planned.
The TWUMP was hampered by the lack of an endorsed water meter standard in
Australia. Reference is particularly made to ATS (Australian Technical Specification)
4747 which is still yet to be finalised as a standard. The inability of the standard to
address the issue of existing installations made progress difficult at time during the
TWUMP. The regulators and administering water trusts were cautious about
investment in water meters due to the threat of changes in the standard which
would render new costly installations non-compliant.
The project received some support by value adding the telemetry ‘experience’. An
example of this was the installation of relatively inexpensive tipping rain gauges on
the second channels of units supporting water meters. This provided reliable rainfall
data which was very localised and relevant to the irrigator. The data was presented
on the web site of all irrigators in the region and increased uptake of data analysis
amongst primary producers.
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Project Title
3.5
Project
Proponent
VIC: Macalister
Channel Automation
Project
Date Funding
Agreement signed
27/04/2006
Southern Rural Water (SRW)
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Close to
Completion
Project Location
Macalister Irrigation District (MID),
Gippsland, VIC
State
VIC
Australian
Government
Contribution (excl.
GST)
$18,660,001
Total Project Cost
(excl. GST)
TBA
NWI Objective/s
3. Increase productivity and water use efficiency in agriculture
Project Summary Description
The project aimed to recover an estimated 10,000 ML/year in water savings from the largest irrigation area
south of the Great Dividing Range (the Macalister and Thomson Rivers) for environmental flows by using
channel automation technology to improve control of water flow through irrigation channels.
The channel automation project has clearly increased the efficiency of the Macalister Irrigation District,
through reduced outfall losses. Automation of the channel regulators and outlets will also have improved the
level of service to customers located on the upgraded channels. Water savings of around 9,131.3 ML have
been realised to date for environmental flows for the Macalister and Thomson Rivers, with future savings
expected with the improved operation of the Main Southern Channel.
Stages 1 and 2 of the MID channel automation project were completed prior to the WSA project.
Project Objective/s
The Objectives of the Project are to improve the efficiency of the delivery systems within the MID; minimise
channel outfall losses; improve supply service to irrigation customers; allow irrigators to take up opportunities
for improved on-farm water use efficiency and productivity arising from improved delivery efficiency; and
recover an estimated 10,000 ML in water savings for environmental flows for the Macalister and Thomson
Rivers (this water saving is additional to the 15,000 ML in water savings for the Thomson and Macalister
Rivers from Stages 1 and 2 of the MID channel automation project and the Melbourne metropolitan savings).
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
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a. Undertake water balance analyses in order to determine the change in irrigation
water distribution efficiency pre and post project Works.
b. Apply to the Victorian State Government to amend the appropriate SRW bulk
entitlement(s) to affect the transfer of water savings achieved under this project to
the Minister for Water, for the purposes of increasing environmental flows in the
Macalister and Thomson Rivers, water savings commensurate with the
improvement in efficiency identified in the water balance analyses referred to in
this item. You agree to ensure the Minister for Water transfers the water savings
to the Environmental Water Reserve.
Water balances have been prepared for the project (Stages 3 to 6A), and water savings
verified using the Victorian Water Saving Protocol. DSE has confirmed that 9,131.3 ML
of savings were achieved by the project, in addition to the savings achieved under Stage
1 and 2 of the MID channel automation project. This includes 3,569.7 ML from the final
stage of the project, which is in the process of being transferred to the Macalister River
Environmental Entitlement. Annual average savings achieved by the project were
converted into high and low reliability entitlements by application of a conversion formula
established by SRW and endorsed by the project reference group. The project reference
group, which oversaw the Macalister modernisation included representatives from SRW,
DSE, an irrigator representative and the Commonwealth.
Stage 3 activities:

Placement of order with Rubicon to: Supply 48 FlumeGate TM; Provide other
contract services including host installation, commissioning and tuning;

Completion of civil works (SRW): Survey all Works Locations; Tendering of
supply and civil contracts; Commencement of supply and civil contracts;
Completion of supply and civil contracts;

Completion of Rubicon works (FlumeGate TM): Installation and commissioning
of 48 FlumeGatesTM for remote operation;

Completion of system commissioning (acceptable channel operation): Outfalls
fully commissioned and all flow rates verified; and

Commencement of water balance: Definition of methodology; Commencement
of data gathering; Interim water balance report; Stage completion report.
Stage 3 involved automation of key outfalls on the Eastern System Channels and other
outfalls not automated under Stages 1 and 2 of the MID channel automation project
(completed prior to WSA project). Capital works for Stage 3 were completed during the
2006 winter shutdown period. This included the installation of 48 FlumeGates and
associated civil works. A water balance for Stages 3 and 4 has been completed and
water savings verified using the Victorian Water Saving Protocol. Stage 3 has led to
reduced outfalls of 2,000 ML, measured at the Main Sale Outfall (SRW Site Number
1207).
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Stage 4 activities:

Placement of order with Rubicon to: Supply 75 FlumeGates TM; Provide other
contract services including host installation, commissioning and tuning, radio
communication system, development of enhanced reporting tools;

Completion of civil works (SRW): Survey all Work Locations; Tendering of
supply and civil contracts; Commencement of supply and civil contracts;
Completion of supply and civil contracts;

Completion of Rubicon works (FlumeGates TM): Installation and commissioning
of 75 FlumeGatesTM for remote operation;

Completion of system commissioning (acceptable channel operation):
Establish channel model; Collect channel behaviour data; Design initial TCC
control configuration; On-going refinement of tuning; Achieve acceptable
channel performance;

Commencement of water balance: Definition of methodology; Commencement
of data gathering; Interim water balance reports; Stage completion report;

Mid Term Project Governance Review: MID assessment of adequacy of
governance arrangements for managing Project costs, milestones, quality and
risks;

Mid Term Water Savings Outcomes review: MID review of outcomes from
Stages One and Two; and

Development of detailed project proposal for Stage 5 including activities and
milestones.
Stage 4 involved automation of key regulators and offtakes on each of the Eastern and
Nambrok Denison System Channels. Capital works for Stage 4 were completed during
the 2006 winter shutdown period. This included the installation of 75 FlumeGatesTM and
associated civil works. A water balance for Stages 3 and 4 has been completed. Stage
4 delivered no water savings directly, but provided the facility to measure and verify
savings.
Stage 5 activities (within the identified funding commitment for the project):

Placement of FlumeGatesTM order for Stage 5;

Completion of scoping for Stage 5: Completion of water balance from Stage
Four; Define what sub-systems within the Main Eastern/Main Sale Systems will
be TCC, DMS or Manual; Define final costing for Stage Five;

Placement of order for remaining works: FlumeGateTM;

Completion of civil works: Survey all Work Locations; Tendering of supply and
civil contracts; Commencement of supply and civil contracts;

Completion of supply and civil contracts and completion of Rubicon works
(FlumeGatesTM): Installation and commissioning of FlumeGate TM;

Completion of system commissioning (acceptable channel operation):
Establish channel model; Collect channel behaviour data; Design initial TCC
control configuration; On-going refinement of tuning; Achieve acceptable
channel performance; and
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
Commencement of water balance: Definition of methodology; Commencement
of data gathering; Interim water balance reports; Stage completion report.
Stage 5 installed FlumeGatesTM on four main spurs in the Nambrok-Denison supply area
plus some higher delivery outlets. SRW has operated these manually up to now and will
switch them over to automated control once the Main Southern Channel automated
commissioning is complete. Capital works for Stage 5 were completed during the 2007
winter shutdown period. A water balance for Stages 5 and 6 has been completed and
water savings verified using the Victorian Water Saving Protocol. Stages 5 and 6 have
led to reduced outfalls of 2,200 ML, measured at the Thomson River Siphon (SRW Site
Numbers 284C and 284D) and 500 ML, measured on four Nambrok-Denison spurs.
Outlet savings of 266 ML have also been established for customer supply points
upgraded under Stages 5 and 6.
Stage 6 activities (within the identified funding commitment for the project):

Placement of gate order for Stage 6 (Quantum yet to be determined);

Completion of scoping for Stage 6: Completion of water balance from Stage
Four; Define what sub-systems within the Main Southern/Nambrok-Denison
Channel Systems will be TCC, DMS or Manual; Define final costing for Stage
Five;

Placement of order for remaining works: FlumeGateTM (Quantum yet to be
determined);

Completion of civil works: Survey all Work Locations; Tendering of supply and
civil contracts; Commencement of supply and civil contracts;

Completion of supply and civil contracts Completion of Rubicon works
(FlumeGatesTM): Installation and commissioning of FlumeGate TM (Quantum yet
to be determined);

Completion of system commissioning (acceptable channel operation):
Establish channel model; Collect channel behaviour data; Design initial TCC
control configuration; On-going refinement of tuning; Achieve acceptable
channel performance; and

Commencement of water balance: Definition of methodology; Commencement
of data gathering; Interim water balance reports: Stage completion report.
Stage 6 installed FlumeGates on the Main Southern Channel plus upgraded some
outlets and involves the integration of the automation with the hydro-generation plant at
Lake Glenmaggie. Capital works for Stage 6 were completed during the 2008 winter
shutdown period. Major tuning (calibration tests) was undertaken in December 2009 and
the commissioning of the automation is in progress. A water balance for Stages 5 and 6
has been completed and water savings verified using the Victorian Water Saving
Protocol. Stages 5 and 6 have led to reduced outfalls of 2,200 ML, measured at the
Thomson River Siphon (SRW Site Numbers 284C and 284D) and 500 ML, measured on
four Nambrok-Denison spurs. Outlet savings of 266 ML have also been established for
customer supply points upgraded under Stages 5 and 6.
Stage 6A activities (Nambrok-Denison regulators):
Stage 6A was a variation to the original funding agreement, and was funded from cost
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savings from construction of Stages 5 and 6 of the project, and interest earned on WSA
funds held by SRW. Stage 6A extended the automation on the four Nambrok-Denison
spurs to the end of the channels. Capital works for Stage 6A were completed during the
2010 winter shutdown period. Stage 6A was forecast to deliver savings of 1,500 ML to
1,800 ML in reduced outfalls.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The channel automation project has clearly increased the efficiency of the Macalister
Irrigation District, through reduced outfall losses. Automation of the channel regulators
and outlets will also have improved the level of service to customers located on the
upgraded channels. Water savings of around 9,131.3 ML have been realised to date for
environmental flows for the Macalister and Thomson Rivers, with future savings
expected with the improved operation of the Main Southern Channel.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective:” Increase productivity and water use efficiency in agriculture”
The project has almost certainly increased water use efficiency in agriculture for the
Macalister Irrigation District, with around 9,131.3 ML in savings transferred to the
Victorian Environmental Water Reserve. This will have translated to increased
productivity (tonnes/ML), while the automation of outlets will have enabled irrigators to
more accurately manage on-farm water use, thereby increasing agricultural productivity.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
The project largely implemented existing technology, namely Rubicon’s Total
Channel Control channel automation system, and so generally did not advance the
state of development of water technology. Automation challenges involved with the
relatively steep Main Southern Channel probably required some development of the
technology.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
The project has had a major impact on the uptake of channel automation
technology in Victoria’s Macalister Irrigation District.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
This project has not increased or advanced the state of development of practices in
relation to water use in the water industry, other than the application of the Total
Channel Control technology in relatively steep channel sections (Southern Main
Channel).
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
As a result of the new technologies implemented by this project, the uptake of
efficient irrigation management practices has increased in Victoria’s Macalister
Irrigation District.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
23/14220/68110
DEWHA facilitated an improved outcome for this project by enabling cost savings
145
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
from the construction of Stages 5 and 6 and interest earned on WSA funds held by
SRW to be directed to an additional project stage (6A). Stage 6A was anticipated to
deliver savings of around 1,500 to 1,800 ML.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
One of the major unexpected technical issues that was encountered during the
project was the difficulty automating the Main Southern Channel (MSC), due to its
steep grade and lack of in-line storage. The requirement to operate the MSC in
‘Supply Mode’ rather than ‘Total Channel Control’ mode had the potential to
substantially reduce water savings from Stages 5 to 6A of the project. This risk is
now being managed by SRW through the construction of a balancing storage for the
Southern-Cowwarr system.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
No lessons learned were noted in the available documentation.
23/14220/68110
146
Project Title
3.6
Project
Proponent
VIC: Restoring
Unregulated Rivers establishing
sustainable
management of water
allocations in
unregulated rivers
across Victoria
Date Funding
Agreement signed
22/06/2007
Department of Sustainability and
Environment (DSE)
Date Completed
(final/last report)
On hold
Project Location
Victoria
State
VIC
Australian
Government
Contribution (excl.
GST)
TBA
Total Project Cost
(excl. GST)
TBA
NWI Objective/s
3. Increase productivity and water use efficiency in agriculture
Project Summary Description
The purpose of the project was to improve environmental flows in priority unregulated rivers in Victoria
through:
a. Development of Stream Flow Management Plans for 21 priority unregulated rivers throughout Victoria;
b. Implementation of Stream Flow Management Plans using a market-based tool to enable co-investment with
affected farmers;
c. Co-investment with urban water authorities to enhance environmental flows in Stream Flow Management
Plan areas where the impact of urban supply diversions is identified as a major threat to flow-dependent
environmental values;
d. Implementation and refinement of a Communication Action Plan to build relationships with communities and
key project stakeholders; and
e. Trial and evaluation of innovative stream flow and water use monitoring technologies to improve the
management of Victoria’s water resources.
From the project documentation available, the outcomes from this project appear to have been limited and did
not deliver on the project objective of enhancing Environmental Water Reserves (EWR) in priority, flowstressed unregulated rivers throughout Victoria
Very few of the 21 SFMPs included in the project were delivered, with a corresponding reduction in the
funding contributed by the Commonwealth.
Project Objective/s
The Objective of the project is to enhance Environmental Water Reserves (EWR) in priority, flow-stressed
unregulated rivers throughout Victoria while maintaining the reliability of supply to water users. It aims to do
this through sustainable water use and adaptive management, including improving stream flows during low
flow periods, to reduce flow related stress in the critical summer period.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
23/14220/68110
Not Met
147
Outcomes been achieved?
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Development of Stream Flow Management Plans (SFMP);
Of the 21 Stream Flow Management Plans (SFMP) which were to be developed by this
project, two draft SFMPs have been developed (for the Woori Yallock Creek Water
Supply Protection Area (WSPA), and the Little Yarra and Don Rivers WSPA), while one
integrated water management plan has been finalised (for the Upper Ovens River
catchment WSPA). A local management plan is currently being finalised for the Merri
River.
DSE has identified eleven unregulated rivers for which SFMPs will no longer be
developed:

As a result of bushfires in 2009, it has been decided not to finalise SFMPs for the
Yea River and King Parrot Creek.

SFMPs will not be developed for the following unregulated rivers, as they are not
primarily impacted by Section 51 licences (which are the only licences managed by
SFMPs): Seven Creeks, Tarra River, Upper Maribyrnong River, Upper Wimmera
River, and Barwon River.

SFMPs will not be developed for the following unregulated rivers, as they are
generally compliant with environmental flow recommendations and an SFMP will
have little benefit for environmental flows: Gellibrand River, Kiewa River, Upper
Latrobe River

An SMFP won’t be developed for the Avon River, due to the potential impact on
irrigators.
This project outcome has not been delivered. Given that a number of these SFMPs have
been under development for many years, it is not clear why DSE was not aware of the
issues raised above. Given the nature of this project, it would have perhaps been more
appropriate for WSA to fund a scoping study for the development of the SFMPs prior to
committing further funding.
It is noted that the Commonwealth (through WSA) has only contributed $173,000 towards
the development of the 21 SFMPs, compared to the original budget of $2,280,000. The
unspent budget will be retained by the Commonwealth.
Market-based SFMP Implementation with Farmers;
A pilot Stream Flow Tender was piloted in three Yarra Valley catchments with draft
SFMPs (Olinda Creek, Stringybark Creek and Pauls, Steels and Dixons Creeks), with the
trial completed in 2007. Stream Flow Tender was developed as a process to provide
government investment to licence holders who requested funding in exchange for either
changing their licence conditions to the new SFMP rules several years early, or reducing
their licence volume (in whole or in part). A competitive process was used in order to
maximise participation and allocate funding most efficiently to achieve the greatest
environmental benefit, and to allow licence holders to signal the costs of adapting their
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water use practices to the new rules outlined in the SFMPs.
While the Stream Flow Tender pilot appears to have been a success, the Statewide
implementation of the tender process in nominated WSPAs never occurred. Planned
roll-outs of the tender process in the Upper Ovens River and on Woori Yallock Creek did
not proceed, as investigations revealed that the potential environmental flow benefits
were limited.
It is noted from the project budget that the Victorian Government provided $1,243,000 for
the Stream Flow Tender pilot, with $94,000 contributed by the Commonwealth. The
Commonwealth (through WSA) provided $1,900,000 in funding for the Statewide
implementation of the Stream Flow Tender process in 2007/08. This compares to the
original budget, which included Commonwealth contributions of $510,000 for the pilot
and $2,230,000 for the Statewide implementation.
Given that the Statewide implementation of the Stream Flow Tender did not proceed, it is
not clear what outcomes were achieved from the Commonwealth funding. Some of the
Commonwealth funding appears to have been transferred to a North East Water project
to enlarge the off-stream storage for Bright.
SFMP Implementation with non-metro Urban Water Authorities;
DSE initially proposed to co-invest with the urban water authority to improve flows in
Sevens Creek and Gellibrand River. In both cases the amount of money required was
considered excessive compared to the achievable environmental benefits. Consequently
DSE withdrew from investing in these projects.
Instead, DSE is co-investing with North East Water to enlarge the off-stream storage for
Bright. This investment will improve environmental flows and fish passage in the Upper
Ovens and Buckland Rivers, while maintaining reliability targets for the Bright supply.
It is noted from the project budget that no Commonwealth funding has been provided for
the co-investment with urban water authorities to improve flows in Sevens Creek and
Gellibrand River. However, Commonwealth funding originally provided to the NE CMA
for the Upper Ovens River Stream Flow Tender project appears to have been reallocated
to the North East Water project.
Implementation of Communication Action Plan;
While this project has included extensive consultation with a range of stakeholders, the
limited outcome with respect to the SFMP development suggests that the
Communication Action Plan was not implemented in full.
This is supported by the project budget, which shows that the Commonwealth
Government has only contributed around $2,000 towards the implementation of the
Communication Action Plan, compared to an original budget of $100,000.
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Innovative Metering and Monitoring in SFMP areas.
The objectives of the smart metering program were:

To improve hydrological modelling; and

To enhance water resource management decisions.
SKM was engaged to analyse, evaluate and review the smart metering project. SKM
examined private diversion data from 145 meters installed in the Yarra Valley. However,
due to significant periods of restriction in two catchments and some missing data, only 52
meters were able to be fully analysed, which included meters from Olinda Creek, Stoney
Creek, Stringybark Creek, Hoddles Creek, Gardiner’s Creek and the Yarra River.
The smart metering trial appears to have been successful; however the final budget for
the activity ($215,000, compared to an original budget of $1,220,000) suggests that the
scope of trial was reduced. Based on the project budget, the Commonwealth (through
WSA) contributed $107,000 to the smart meter trial, compared to an original budget of
$220,000.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
From the project documentation available, the outcomes from this project appear to have
been limited and did not deliver on the project objective of enhancing Environmental
Water Reserves (EWR) in priority, flow-stressed unregulated rivers throughout Victoria
Very few of the 21 SFMPs included in the project were delivered, with a corresponding
reduction in the funding contributed by the Commonwealth. The Statewide
implementation of the Stream Flow Tender did not proceed, and it is not clear why the
Commonwealth contributed $1,900,000 towards this activity. The co-investment with
urban water authorities (modified from the funding agreement) will achieve some
environmental flow benefits, albeit not to the extent envisaged in the original submission.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 3. Increase productivity and water use efficiency in agriculture
The project generally does not achieve increased productivity and water use efficiency in
Victoria. Only the smart metering trial (a relatively minor component of the project) could
be considered to have benefits for agricultural water use efficiency.
This project would possibly be more appropriately classified under one of the following
NWI Objectives:
NWI Objective: 6. Protect surface water and groundwater systems of high conservation
value
NWI Objective: 8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally
sustainable levels of extraction
NWI Objective: 9. Support statutory water planning
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
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150
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
This project did not have a technology focus and involved relatively little
technological development. The smart meter trial (a minor component of the
project) may have made a minor contribution to the state of development of this
technology.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of
technology/
technologies in water
use in the water
industry?
The smart meter trial (a minor component of the project) increased the uptake of
smart meter technology for rural water use in parts of the Yarra Valley.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of practices in relation
to water use in the water
industry?
This project has not increased or advanced the state of development of practices in
relation to water use in the water industry. It is noted that successful
implementation of this project would have significantly increased the state of
development of practices in relation to water use in flow-stressed unregulated rivers
in Victoria.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of practices
in water use in the water
industry?
As a result of the smart meter technologies implemented by this project, the uptake
of efficient rural water use practices may have increased in parts of the Yarra
Valley. However, it is noted that this is a minor component of the project.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
From the project documentation available, the WSA has clearly been flexible in
allowing DSE to vary the project scope throughout the course of the project.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the
project, technically,
institutionally, or in
regard to achievement
of the
outcomes/objectives?
From the project documentation available, this project delivered few of the
outcomes outlined in the funding submission and agreement. Generally, this was a
result of subsequent investigations finding that the environmental flow benefits from
the proposed project activities were limited, or not cost-effective.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
No final report is available. However, the key lesson learned from the project
appears to be that the original project outcomes were overly ambitious. The project
would have benefited from a scoping study that would have identified at an early
stage many of the issues that ultimately prevented successful delivery of the
project, and more effective communication and management of issues as they
arose.
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4
NWI Objective 4: Increased urban
water efficiency and
encouraged/supported/advanced
water sensitive urban
development
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152
Project Title
4.1
Project
Proponent
NAT: Implementation
of the Smart Approved
WaterMark (SAWM)
Scheme
Date Funding
Agreement signed
Aug 2006
Water Services Association of
Australia
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Jun 2011
Project Location
N/A
State
NAT
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$1,766,364
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
TBA
NWI Objective/s
4. Increase urban water use efficiency and encourage water sensitive urban
development
Project Summary Description
This project involved the development and implementation of the Smart Approved WaterMark (SAWM)
scheme. The initial phase of the project included product research, guideline development and determining a
marketing and branding strategy. Industry surveys were used to inform decisions. Implementation involved the
identification and evaluation of suitable products and services, and ongoing support and marketing.
Project Objective/s
The principal aims of the SAWM were:

To reduce per capita domestic water consumption, especially in outdoor use;

To recognise products, services and organisations that will contribute to a reduction in per capita water use
and encourage further research and development;

To provide a simple and identifiable label for consumers so that they can make informed choices at point of
sale outlets and, through such choices, increase the rate of adoption of smart water technologies; and

To provide a simple and identifiable label for services and organisation to allow them to differentiate them
from competitors, to reinforce the scheme to consumers and also encourage other services and
organisations to increase their efforts towards contributing to a reduction in per capita water consumption.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
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153
Reduce per capita domestic water consumption, especially in outdoor use.
Through the development of the Smart WaterMark labelling this project has allowed
consumers to make easily informed decision to reduce their water consumption by
purchasing water efficient products or services. The project does not offer any
information on whether this has reduced domestic water consumption, though its
research shows that consumers are aware of the brand and trust that it promotes water
efficient products.
Recognise products, services and organisations that will contribute to a reduction
in per capita water use and encourage further research and development.
At completion of WSA involvement with the project 260 products and services were
approved to use the Smart WaterMark label. The project has also developed Product of
the Year awards to recognise innovative water efficient products encouraging and
rewarding research and development.
Provide a simple and identifiable label for consumers so that they can make
informed choices.
The project has developed the label Smart Approved WaterMark. Through careful
research, marketing and branding strategy the label has received external recognition of
its ability to inform consumer choices. This includes:

Use in the WAS State Water Plan, linked to the Waterwise Rebate Program;

Written into the NSW Sustainable Policy;

Identified by Choice Greenwash Campaign as a brand consumers can trust;

Links with the NSW and Victorian Governments Save Water, Saver Power
campaign; and

Promoted internationally at the Water Smart Innovations conference and Toro Global
Forum.
A survey conducted for the project in 2011 showed that customers who were aware of
the Smart WaterMark trusted it and that awareness of the mark was growing.
Provide a simple and identifiable label for services and organisation to allow them
to differentiate them from competitors.
An industry survey completed for the project in 2011 showed that 83% of mark holders
felt that approval distinguished their product. 20% of respondents reported that their
product was not strongly distinguished because the Smart WaterMark had become
industry standard in their sector.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has achieved its objectives of developing and implementing labelling that will
allow consumers to easily identify and choose water efficient products and services. It
has achieved a developed a label that distinguishes product and an annual Product of
the Year awards that recognises innovations in water efficient products. The objective of
reducing per capita domestic water consumption is poorly defined and not measured in
reports produced for the project.
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To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 4. Increase urban water use efficiency and encourage water sensitive
urban development.
This project is consistent with NWI objective 4. In promoting the use of water efficient
devices the SAWM scheme promotes increasing urban water use efficiency.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
water efficient devices/services into domestic water consumption standard practices
or processes.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying water efficient product labelling at a particular time. Water use
practices, in relation to this project, is defined as domestic water consumption.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake
N/A
N/A
Through identification and promotion of water efficient devices and practices this
project assists domestic water users to choose more efficient products and therefore
decrease water consumption.
Through promotional activities and international marketing this project has increased
the development and knowledge base of environmental labelling schemes.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
Adequate support appears to have been provided by WSA, the proponent requested
several variations to the funding deed that appear to have been approve in a timely
manner.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
The project has also been involved in several campaigns that go beyond the scope
of reducing domestic outdoor water consumption. These include:

Water Footprint Network;

Clean-Up Australia;

National Water Week;

Save Water, Save Power; and

Every Bucket Counts.
These campaigns serve the joint purpose of promoting the brand and raising
awareness for general water efficiency and environmental causes beyond the main
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155
objectives of the project.
This project has also produced guidelines for rating commercial glass washers goes
beyond the objectives of reducing domestic outdoor water consumption. In the final
report it is indicated that the SAWM scheme will be expanding into commercial and
hospitality water efficiency.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
23/14220/68110
Lessons learned from this project are ongoing. The project has involved consumer
and industry research to ensure that the Smart WaterMark labelling is affective.
Most of this discussion is around they type of marketing that best promotes the label
to consumers. It was found that many mark holders would prefer more TV, radio and
print media compared to the type of advertising the project had previously favoured
that is event sponsorship and organisation and social media.
156
Project Title
4.2
Project
Proponent
Local Government Association
of NSW
NSW: Water Loss
Management Program
for Regional Water
Utilities
Date Funding
Agreement signed
17 July 2006
Date Completed
(final/last report)
2011
The Shire Association of NSW
Project Location
NSW
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$4,122,051
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$8,730,101
NWI Objective/s
4. Increase urban water use efficiency and encourage water sensitive urban
development
Project Summary Description
The Project was developed to assist councils with the identification of water losses in their local utility
services. This was achieved by the development of a Governance Committee and Program Management
Team. The Governance Committee was responsible for overseeing the delivery of the project. The Program
Management Team provided assistance to local Councils to identify water loss problems and developed
solutions to monitor and mitigate the problems. Through the project, Water Loss Management Program
Awareness and Education Guidelines (WLMAEG) were published, and specialist water loss detection
equipment was purchased. This set of tools was used to assist participating Councils to increase efficiency in
their water utility systems. Councils were trained in the use of WLMAEG and in general leak detection
processes by the members of the Program Management Team.
Project Objective/s
The main objective of the Project was to identify priorities and facilitate on-ground work by Councils to reduce
water leakage in their local water utility (LWU) supply, distribution and reticulation systems. Specific objectives
included:

Recover 10-15 GL per annum of water by making Councils existing infrastructure more efficient;

Prevent, or postpone, the need to build additional water supply infrastructure;

Develop and retain a knowledge base and capability for efficient Council owned local water utilities
throughout NSW;

Develop and retain an understanding and a skills base in water loss management;

Develop business cases and demonstrate the financial capacity for Councils to undertake water loss
rectification works in their system;

Develop and ongoing Council sponsored water loss management program; and

Assist up to 33 participating undertake water loss rectification works in their systems.
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157
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Recover 10-15 GL of water per annum by making existing infrastructure more
efficient
Information presented shows an ongoing saving of 5,518 GL of water per annum. This
compares to a total estimated potential water saving, based on the 61 funded projects,
of 5.230 GL from the program’s analysis software.
Refer Final Report; Introduction and Program Achievements – Water and Energy
Savings
Prevent or postpone the need to build additional water supply infrastructure
The report notes that the majority of LWUs that completed a funded project installed
permanent metering and monitoring to ensure that any future increase in water loss can
be addressed at the earliest opportunity.
We acknowledge there has been work done that increases the efficiency of water
supply. However, insufficient information has been provided regarding infrastructure that
may have been prevented or postponed by this project.
Refer Final Report; Program Achievements – Infrastructure Enhancements
Develop and retain a knowledge base and capability for efficient Council-owned
local water utilities throughout NSW
The project’s aim of achieving sustainable water savings has led to the investment in
permanent water flow metering and monitoring technology. The majority of local
Councils that completed a funded project installed permanent metering and monitoring
to ensure that any future increase in water loss can be addressed at the earliest
opportunity.
At the conclusion of the program many Councils had improved their ability to undertake
water loss management work within their water distribution network. The provision of the
Water Loss Management Awareness and Education Guidelines, along with the ‘hands
on’ engineering consultancy provided by program staff led to improvements in the
capacity of Council staff to measure and mitigate against future water loss.
Develop and retain an understanding and a skill base in water management
Refer above.
Develop business cases and demonstrate the financial capacity for Councils to
undertake water loss rectification works in their systems
Business cases are presented in the final report; the project showed that overall water
loss rectification had lower than expected costs.
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158
Develop an on-going Council sponsored water loss management program
The project provided evidence and recommendations that on-going water loss
management programs should continue. No specific evidence was provided to suggest
that this has been or will be implemented. However, it is noted in the report that the
project has equipped local water utilities to continue to deliver improvements in water
and energy savings in the future.
Refer Final Report: Future Directions
Assist up to 33 participating Councils to undertake water loss rectification works
in their systems
61 projects received funding agreement to undertake a water loss management project.
Ultimately, 59 projects from 54 council owned and operated local water authorities were
funded and completed.
Refer Final Report; Program Scope
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has been consistent with the objectives; however, they have only been
partially met. Water savings from the project were less than the 10-15 GL per annum in
the project objectives; however through development of a skills and knowledge base,
the project has increased the capacity of local Council water utilities to better manage
their water supply systems.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 4. Increase urban water use efficiency and encourage water sensitive
urban development
This project achieves this NWI objective as it has advanced the practices for identifying
and mitigating water loss in NSW water distribution utilities.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
water loss management into local Council water utility systems’ standard practices
or processes.
This project increased the awareness and use of technologies and specialist
knowledge within local Councils to reduce leakage for drinking water distribution
utilities.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying water loss management guidelines (Water Loss Management Program
Awareness and Education Guidelines). Water use practices, in relation to this
project, is defined as water distribution utilities.
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This project did not involve the development of new water loss management
technology.
159
industry?
In developing the Water Loss Management Program Awareness and Education
Guidelines, this project has advanced the development of techniques for identifying
and mitigating water loss in water distribution utilities.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
water loss management into potable water distribution standard practices or
processes. Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as water
distribution.
The project has delivered outcomes that have contributed to increasing the capacity
of local Council water utilities to better manage their water supply systems.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
There were no significant changes to program or financing in the project. Funding
timeframe varied due to individual projects progressing slower than expected, this
change appears to have been managed adequately by the proponent and WSA.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
The project also resulted in an estimated 1 million KWh energy savings, which is
equivalent to 1.2 million kilograms of carbon dioxide.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
The project report identifies that funding alone would not deliver the same outcome.
The capacity building developed by the Program Management Team was integral to
the outcomes of the project
The project has enabled the baseline calculation of minimum night flows in over 180
zones. The project estimates that there are another 250 to 300 zones still to be
completed before an overall minimum night flow of regional NSW’s water supply
systems can be calculated. The completion of these zones would improve efficiency
of regional water supply across the state of NSW, with all LWU water supplies being
monitored continuously.
The final report notes that it would be advantageous for all local water utilities to
complete thorough water balances. This water balance could be used to highlight
where current monitoring is not accurate enough to make the calculations
meaningful. The process of undertaking a water balance should also highlight other
required initiatives that are needed to give an accurate view of the performance of
the water network such as, metered standpipes, domestic meter replacement
programs, and metering of water treatment plant losses.
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160
Project Title
4.3
Project
Proponent
QLD: Capturing Water
Losses Through
Pressure Management
Date Funding
Agreement signed
Jan 2006
Gold Coast City Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Oct 2009
Project Location
Gold Coast
State
QLD
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$3,150,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$14,029,196
NWI Objective/s
4. Increase urban water use efficiency and encourage water sensitive urban
development
Project Summary Description
This project involved Gold Coast City Council conducting a comprehensive pressure reduction program in the
Gold Coast’s water supply reticulation system. This included:

Installation of isolating and pressure reduction valves, water meters and pressure and flow loggers in 60
separate metered areas in the water supply reticulation system;

Measuring existing leakage levels (minimum night flow) and water pressures in each new metered area of
the reticulation system;

Detection and repair of leakages and adjusting pressure until optimal leakage level (minimum night flow) is
achieved; and

Providing ongoing monitoring of leakage levels and water pressure in the reticulation system.
Many objectives have not been fully achieved due to delays in the project, internal fire systems, and
equipment issues. The actual projected savings are less than anticipated; however this project has increased
the efficiency of the Gold Coast City Council’s water supply reticulation system through reduction in system
pressure and leakage.
Project Objective/s
The main objective of the project was to reduce the level of water lost due to leakage from the water supply
reticulation system to gain water savings between 7,000 to 10,000 ML per annum. Specific objectives
included:

A target annual reduction in water main breaks of 80 per cent;

A target annual reduction in water service breaks of 90 per cent;

An annual saving in maintenance costs of approximately $2.8 million due to reduced pipe breaks;

A reduction in water loss through leakage and customer water usage through reduced water pressure by
14 per cent of the Gold Coast’s total water consumption (an annual saving of approximately $1.34 million
due to reduced operational use of the Reticulation System), and

A reduction of greenhouse gas emissions due to the reduction in energy consumption by the Works
Location once the Capital Works are completed.
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161
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Reduce the level of water lost due to leakage from the water supply reticulation
system
Information provided in the final report shows that the target water savings of 1927 ML/day were not met at that time. Water savings of 7.88-10.08 ML per day were
achieved. The report notes that Gold Coast City Council expected to achieve water
savings of 13.2-15.9 ML/day when the project was fully implemented (by mid-2010).
Annual reduction in water main breaks of 80 per cent
The final report states that water main breaks had been reduced by 36%, and it is
projected that a total reduction in water main break would reach 59%. At the time of
producing the report 39% of all water mains and water service pipes were still to
undergo pressure reductions.
Annual reduction in water service breaks of 90 per cent
The final report states that the annual reduction in water service breaks was 49% at the
time of the final report. Gold Coast City Council projected that the annual reduction in
water service breaks of 80% would be achieved when the project was fully implemented.
Saving in maintenance costs of approximately $2.8 million due to reduced pipe
breaks
Gold Coast City Council demonstrated that an annual maintenance saving of $1.83
million had been achieved. They projected an annual saving of $2.98 million when the
project is fully implemented.
Reduction in water loss through leakage and customer water usage through
reduced water pressure by 14% of the Gold Coast’s total water consumption
Reduction in water usage resulting from the reduced water pressure was estimated to
be between 375-1,717 ML per annum. The reduction in water usage is between 5.75%
and 7.35%. The future reduction in water usage is projected to be between 9.6% and
11.5%.
Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions due to a reduction in energy
consumption
354.4 equivalent tonnes of CO2 was saved through efficiency measures. Gold Coast
City Council expects to achieve savings of 378.2 and 490.6 tonnes per annum.
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162
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has been consistent with the project objectives to develop a Pressure and
Leakage Management Program and has achieved water savings. Many objectives have
not been fully achieved due to delays in the project, internal fire systems, and equipment
issues. The actual projected savings are less than anticipated.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 4. Increase urban water use efficiency and encourage water sensitive
urban development
This project has increased the efficiency of the Gold Coast City Councils water supply
reticulation system through reduction in system pressure and leakage. The objective of
the project was to reduce demand in potable water and savings have been realised.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
The project appears to have used standard pressure reduction technology, and as
such did not increase or advance the state of development of pressure reduction
technology.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
pressure and leakage management into water supply reticulation systems standard
practices or processes.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying pressure and leakage management at a particular time.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as demand on reticulated
water supply.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Through this project, Gold Coast City Council has increased the uptake of pressure
and leakage management in Queensland, in particular the Gold Coast region.
This project has provided a useful case study for future implementation of pressure
and leakage management programs.
Through this project Gold Coast City Council has demonstrated how pressure and
leakage management can be used to optimise water supply reticulation systems and
urban water use efficiency.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
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There was insufficient information available to assess the extent of support provided
to the project proponents by WSA.
163
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
No unexpected outcomes were noted in the available documentation.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
Pressure reduction was not possible in some areas do to internal fire systems in
some ‘at-risk’ properties. Gold Coast City Council is working to notify these
properties so that internal fire systems can be assessed and appropriately modified.
Some areas had a significant increase in leakage as a result of reduced efforts in
the ongoing management of the metered area. Other factors that contributed to the
rise in leakages include; changes in meter’s accuracy because low flows and
inadequate systems, organisational arrangements and data retrieval.
Issues with equipment reliability were reported, particularly pressure reduction
valves. Regular reviews and performance monitoring is undertaken to ensure that all
equipment is operating properly.
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164
Project Title
4.4
Project
Proponent
QLD: Smart Metering
and Sustainable Water
Pricing Initiative
Date Funding
Agreement signed
April 2006
Wide Bay Water Corporation
Date Completed
(final/last report)
February
2009
Project Location
Hervey Bay Queensland
State
QLD
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$2,549,830
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$6,773,366
NWI Objective/s
4. Increase urban water use efficiency and encourage water sensitive urban
development
Project Summary Description
Wide Bay Water Corporation (WBWC) developed this project to install smart metering in Hervey Bay with the
aim of providing customer consumption data for the first time at a city-wide level. Over 20,000 residential
automatic water meter reading (AMR) systems were installed as part of the project in phases from 2006 to
2007. The project also included research into modelling and developing a program for price reform, reducing
water consumption and improved water planning and demand management.
Project Objective/s

Implementing Australia’s first automatic water meter reading (AMR) system;

Researching a model and developing an implementation program for pricing reform; such as a “time of
use” water pricing system whereby water used at night is cheaper than water used during the day;

Reduce customers’ residential water leakage (by an estimated 182 ML p.a.) through the implementation of
AMR Meters and improved billing information that identifies the presence of a water leak in customers’
residences;

Reduce customers’ residential water consumption (particularly water usage in residential gardens) by an
estimated 914 ML p.a. through the implementation of AMR Meters and a new water pricing model that
encourages irrigation at night and general water efficiency practices;

Defer capital construction costs regarding trunk pipe infrastructure by reducing peak daily use (with the aim
of realising the deferment of $5 million in capital investment by the end of the Evaluation Period);

Demonstrate to other urban water authorities the use of AMR Meters and the benefits of the Project; and

Improve water planning and other demand management initiatives.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
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165
Implementing Australia’s first automatically read water meter system
Installation of 22,000 domestic water meters and 2,200 commercial water meters.
Quality checks for accurate commercial water meter billing and billing software.
Researching a model and developing an implementation program for pricing
reform
Information presented in the final report states that this objective was a work in
progress. Pricing models were developed and the report presents a plan with activities
and respective timing as an indication of WBWC’s commitment to implement pricing
reform. Consideration of pricing reform options by Council was to be undertaken as part
of the budgetary process.
There is no evidence to confirm that the planned activities have been achieved, as the
final report was written in 2009. However, the report does meet the objective of having
developed pricing models and an implementation program for pricing reform.
Reduce customers’ residential water leakage
WBWC undertook analysis of water demand reductions during the life of the project.
Although there were a number of policy initiatives implemented in this time the 805 ML
per annum decrease in consumption that occurred during the smart metering
implementation period and the smart meters was determined to play a part in this
achievement.
Based on analysis of several trials it can be extrapolated that the saving in water
leakage post meter of 182 ML has been achieved. This overall water reduction has been
achieved despite a 15% increase in the number of water connections.
Reduce customers’ residential water consumption
Overall, the project reported the achievement of a reduction in water consumption
despite a 15% increase in the number of water connections. Throughout the project
residential water use fell from 616 litres per property per day (on average) to 541 litres
per property per day (on average). This water reduction means that at the time of the
report consumption savings estimated at 662 ML per annum had already been
achieved. WBWC expect further savings are anticipated as other elements of the
program including pricing reform are implemented.
Defer capital construction costs regarding trunk pipe infrastructure by reducing
peak daily use
The report states that capital deferments were achieved through the reduction in water
demand. WBWC reported a commitment to provide the Commonwealth Government of
the details of the benefits following the completion of a review of WBWC’s 10 year
capital works program. This was due to be completed by October 2009.
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166
Demonstrate to other urban water authorities the use of AMR Meters and the
benefits of the Project
Over the course of the project Wide Bay Water has undertaken significant
demonstration and promotional activities regarding the Smart Metering research.
Activities have included;

On-site seminars;

Visits by the water industry to Hervey Bay to review smart metering;

PHD research into aspects of smart metering and;

Numerous presentations at National Conferences; and

International Water industry events.
Other water authorities that have undertaken smart metering following on from the Wide
Bay Water demonstration project have included; ACTEW Corporation, Mid Coast Water,
Gold Coast Water, Isaac Shire Council.
Improve water planning and other demand management initiatives
The information available through the Smart Metering project allows significant
improvement to the future population predictions that can be made through water
modelling. This improved planning information was to be used to update WBWC’s 10year capital works program.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has been consistent with the project objectives to install smart meters and
reduce water consumption. The benefits with respect to improved planning and
deferment of capital costs are not quantified in the report. However, evidence was
provided of the activities to be undertaken and timing for their completion.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 4. Increase urban water use efficiency and encourage water sensitive
urban development
Wide Bay Water Corporation have been able to show an increase in urban water use
efficiency through the installation and monitoring of smart meters
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying water metering technology.
Has the project increased
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
23/14220/68110
This Project represents a step forward in understanding how AMR technology can
be used effectively in water planning and management. The experience of WBWC
can be used to provide insight into how the implementation process has and could
be undertaken. The project will assist in setting a direction for future AMR systems
taken up in Australia.
167
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
AMR systems into water consumption metering practices or processes.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying AMR systems.
Over the course of the project Wide Bay Water undertook demonstrations and
promotional activities regarding the Smart Metering research. Other water
authorities that have undertaken smart metering following on from the Wide Bay
Water demonstration project have included; ACTEW Corporation, Mid Coast Water,
Gold Coast Water, Isaac Shire Council.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as residential and
commercial water demand.
This Project represents a step forward in understanding how AMR technology can
be used effectively in water planning and management. As can be seen WBWC has
identified a number of major findings in terms of how data gained from AMR systems
can be used to improve infrastructure planning. A third party evaluation of the
WBWC Smart Metering program identified that there are also many additional
significant opportunities that remain to be explored that could revolutionise the water
industry within the next 5 to 10 years.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
automatic water meter reading into residential and commercial water use metering
standard practices or processes.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as the demand for water
by residential and commercial entities.
Over the course of the project Wide Bay Water undertook demonstrations and
promotional activities regarding the Smart Metering research. Other water
authorities that have undertaken smart metering following on from the Wide Bay
Water demonstration project have included; ACTEW Corporation, Mid Coast Water,
Gold Coast Water, Isaac Shire Council.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
No information was available to assess the extent of WSA support.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
The information provided by smart metering has enabled further improvements is
WBWC programs, policies and actions. These included; improved water restriction
enforcement, household leak detection programs, improved billing and customer
information, targeted water efficiency rebates, improved water modelling. These
activities have played a key role in assisting to achieve water demand management
savings.
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168
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
Originally the project included a plan to pilot a small proportion of the residential
meters (approximately 10%, which was 1,850 at that time) but this was abandoned
due to logistics. Product faults and set up problems emerged during installation and
it was subsequently concluded that a well-designed pilot project would have been
advantageous.
WBWC found communication with multiple contractors difficult, particularly in relation
to the interpretation and timing of responses to queries. A balance between
communication requirements and aversion to risk needs to be taken into
consideration.
As the system was rolled out it was found that a batch of reed switches were faulty
(due to inadequate QA procedures by the manufacturer). This resulted in almost
10% of the installed meters not logging data correctly. After investigations and
discussions with the meter supplier/manufacturer the issue was identified and the
full cost of replacement was born by the supplier/manufacturer.
23/14220/68110
169
Project Title
4.5
Project
Proponent
QLD: Western
Corridor Recycled
Water Project
(WCRWP)
Date Funding
Agreement signed
28/06/2007
Western Corridor Recycled
Water Project Pty Ltd
Date Completed
(final/last report)
After September
2009
Project Location
South East Queensland
State
QLD
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$408,000,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$2,500,000,000
NWI Objective/s

4. Increase urban water use efficiency and encourage water sensitive urban
development
Project Summary Description
This is a large scale recycled water project providing water from Brisbane Wastewater Treatment Plants to
three power stations and regional industry with the potential to provide agricultural demands and supplement
potable water supplies in future. The project aimed to provide greater security to potable water supply in
south east Queensland by substituting potable water with recycle water and transferring recycled water to
Lake Wivenhoe.
The WSA funds were used to construct two Advanced Water Treatment Plants (AWTP) at Luggage Point and
Gibson Island and approximately 200km of large diameter recycled water transfer mains. The AWTPs are
designed to provide reverse osmosis quality recycled water suitable for potable water substitution if required
in future. In addition, advanced water treatment is intended to reduce nutrient and waste water discharge into
the Brisbane and Bremer Rivers and Moreton Bay. The project has also been identified as a potential future
source of recycled water for agricultural demands in the stressed Lockyer Valley.
The project under the WSA fund is part of a broader strategy for the Western Corridor. The component
included in the WSA project does not include any works completed as part of Stage 1 of the Western Corridor
Recycled Water Project and does not include the operation of the Works Location while the Capital Works are
being completed or the operation of the completed Capital Works.
Project Objective/s
1. Provide recycled water for one or more of the following purposes:
A. the introduction of purified recycled water into Lake Wivenhoe as an emergency bulk water supply for
potable consumption in South East Queensland;
B. Provision of recycled water for use at Swanbank, Tarong and Tarong North Power Stations to replace
water drawn from the bulk potable supply;
C. Provision of recycled water for use by industry in the region (including the Australian Trade Coast);
and
D. To supply recycled water for agricultural uses once satisfactory arrangements can be agreed with
farmers in the Lockyer Valley and when this water is not required for power generation, industrial
uses or other demands as determined by the Queensland Government.
2. Reduction of nutrient loads into Brisbane and Bremer Rivers and Moreton Bay as a result of additional
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170
wastewater treatment.
3. Possible diversion of metals and other toxicants depending on final management strategy for Reverse
Osmosis (RO) Concentrate.

Note: this objective is interpreted as being the appropriate management of RO concentrate.
4. Recycling of water to augment overland flows (e.g. in dams and weirs), which in turn reduces impacts of
the conventional water supply system on aquatic ecosystems.
5. Potentially improve the local environment. Construction of the WCRWP is intended to create the
opportunity to improve local environment. This is being managed through the Construction
Environmental Management Plans and offsets for vegetation clearing.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Note: Key capital works under the final WSA scope of works were constructed as
indicated below. It should be noted that items were removed and added from the scope
of works throughout the project so that, although all activities on the original list were not
implemented, the items listed in the final scope of works were achieved.
a. Completion of all design, construction and building works necessary to
construct an Advanced Water Treatment Plant at Luggage Point Waste Water
Treatment Plant capable of producing 66 Megalitres/day of “Class A+”
recycled water
Completed by the Luggage Point Alliance in October 2008.
b. Completion of all design, construction and building works necessary to
construct an Advanced Water Treatment Plant at Gibson Island Waste Water
Treatment Plant capable of producing 50 Megalitres/day of “Class A+”
recycled water.
Completed by the Gibson Island in December 2008. An upgrade from the original 50
ML/d to 100 ML/d was implemented as a change of scope.
c. Completion of all design, construction and building works necessary to
construct a pipeline 1086 mm in diameter to transport up to 112 Megalitres/day
of “Class A+” recycled water from the two Advanced Water Treatment Plants
to the treated water pumping facility at Bundamba
Completed by the Eastern Pipeline Alliance.
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d. Completion of all design, construction and building works necessary to
construct a pipeline 1086 mm in diameter to transport up to 121 megalitres per
day of treated wastewater effluent from Oxley, Wacol and Goodna Wastewater
Treatment Plants to the Bundamba Advanced Water Treatment Plant.
This component was removed from project scope in relation to the department’s
involvement in this project; however, the component was still completed as part of the
wider project.
Scope Addition: The design, construction and building works necessary to
construct an additional pipeline to transfer secondary treated water from Luggage
Point WWTP to Gibson Island AWTP (due to the expanded capacity of the Gibson
Island AWTP)
Completed by the Eastern Pipeline Alliance.
Scope Addition: The design, construction and building works necessary to
construct a 16-kilometre off-take pipeline to deliver purified recycled water from
the Lowood Balance Tank to Lake Wivenhoe via Logan’s Inlet, including a 7.64 km
pipeline to supply water from Wivenhoe Dam to the Coominya Meatworks.
Completed by the Western Pipeline Alliance.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The objectives of the project were set relatively loosely with a number of end uses
identified for the recycled water supply and other objectives set as “potential”
advantages of the project. Consequently all of the identified objectives have been met,
although not all of the “optional” outcomes have been achieved, as noted below:
Objective 1 – Supply of recycled water: Of the recycled water applications identified at
the outset, the power stations have accepted water from the advanced treatment plants
(25 billion litres of water that would otherwise have come from drinking water supplies).
Other identified demands are yet to accept recycled water due to reasons including no
requirement to supplement potable supplies (due to rainfall) and issues with pricing
transfer infrastructure in the case of additional reuse applications.
Objective 2 – Nutrient reduction in waterways: In the period from August 2008 to
February 2009 it is estimated that the percentage reductions in nitrogen and phosphorus
that would otherwise be discharged to waterways were 13% (17 tonnes per year) and
91% (144 tonnes of phosphorus) respectively.
Objective 3 – Possible diversion of metals and other toxicants within the RO concentrate:
This diversion has not been implemented; however several monitoring/management
measures have been implemented to ensure that the RO concentrate does not
adversely affect the discharge environment.
Objective 4 - Augmenting overland flows (e.g. in dams and weirs): This objective may be
realised in future if the recycled water enables potable water to be supplied without
additional water harvesting from surface waters.
Objective 5 - Potentially improve the local environment: The project carefully tracked
environmental policies and processes through a Construction Environmental
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Management Plan during construction to ensure there were no significant negative
impacts on the local environment. There is evidence of this tracking in the progress
reports.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 4- Increase urban water use efficiency and encourage water sensitive
urban development
There is no direct link between recycled water supply and water sensitive urban
development in the traditional sense as a result of this project. The project was
incorrectly classified under the NWI objectives based on the outcomes delivered during
implementation. At the outset, a centrepiece of the project was to supply recycled water
for domestic drinking water supply. However, this has not been achieved and is unlikely
to be in the foreseeable future.
A more suitable NWI objective is as follows:
2 - Encourage reuse and recycling
The project has substituted recycled water for potable water demands at power stations.
This recycled water has indirectly improved urban water use efficiency, although the
reduction in potable water demand is in an industrial, not urban, context.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project
increased or
advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologi
es in water use in the
water industry?
The project advanced the state of development of technologies in the Australian
water industry with the Luggage Point and Gibson Island AWTPs designed to
produce potable water from recycled wastewater representing the first example of
AWTP being built for this purpose in Australia. Both plants have been demonstrated
to consistently meet the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines since construction was
completed in December 2008.
A key technical feature of the plants was inline analysers for a variety of compounds
allowing continual monitoring of water quality and automatic adjustment of chemical
dosing with intelligent controls.
The Water Grid’s Luggage Point Advanced Water Treatment Plant has won the 2011
International Water Reuse Project of the Year award. This is a testament to its
advancement of the state of development of water treatment for reuse.
Has the project
increased or
advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water
use in the water
industry?
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The project advanced the uptake of efficient and environmentally sound modern
technologies and engineering practices in the water industry in adopting:

A flexible plant design at the Gibson Island AWTP, allowing the plant to double in
treatment capacity within the original footprint.

Value engineering initiatives, including the removal of anchor blocks from the
Western Pipeline through improved route selection.

The use of trenchless technology (horizontal directional drilling) to lay pipework
through the sensitive estuarine environment surrounding the Brisbane River,
Bulimba Creek and Aquarium Passage.
173
The project advanced the uptake of these technologies within the project area and
has encouraged uptake beyond, as evidenced by the international award described
above.
Has the project
increased or
advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The advanced technologies and the treatment capacities implemented in the project
were an Australian first and worthy of international acclaim, as indicated by the award
received by the Luggage Point AWTP.
Has the project
increased or
advanced the uptake
of practices in water
use in the water
industry?
During the planning and construction phase of the project the uptake of sound
practices in the following areas:
In addition, the project has advanced the state of development of practices in relation
to water use in Australia through introduction of the concept of drought proofing
through implementing the infrastructure for connection of recycled water to the
drinking water network. This concept has been applied in other countries and is a
proven strategy for ensuring a reliable supply of water without unnecessarily inviting
public criticism.

Safety: The project achieved a Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate which was a
fraction of the industry standard (10 Lost Time Injuries in over 1.8 million hours
worked), being as little as zero on several significant elements of the project. This
was attributed at least partly to the “Come Home Safely” campaign, which used
images of workers with their families to help emphasis the broader impact of
safety.

Community engagement: The project was sensitive to community concerns as it
involved the implementation of works that would potentially enable recycled water
use for potable water. This required proactive community engagement throughout
the project. The WCRW Community Grants Program was implemented as an
additional initiative to positively engage the community. The proponent reported
that this resulted in minimal complaints and significant community investment
through the WCRW Community Grants Program.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has
WSA provided
support to project
proponents to adapt
to changing
circumstances?
There were frequent changes in scope, as recorded in the “scope change register”
that accompanied each progress report. This included:

Upgrade of the Gibson Island AWTP from 50 ML/d to 100 ML/d.

Reduction in capacity of the Luggage Point AWTP from 102 ML/d to 66 ML/d.

Addition of a pipeline to transfer additional secondary effluent from the Luggage
Point WWTP to the Gibson Island AWTP.

Removing the transfer from Oxley Wastewater Treatment Plant to Bundamba
from the scope.
The decisions to modify the scope were primarily based on “value engineering” with
maximum capacity designed for treatment and transfer with minimal expenditure and
environmental impact. Based on these justifications, WSA provided support for the
decisions.
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Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the
project, technically,
institutionally, or in
regard to achievement
of the
outcomes/objectives?
Unexpected outcome: At Luggage Point AWTP it was necessary to introduce
chemically assisted solids removal in the pre-treatment area during commissioning
due to the unforeseen settling characteristics of the raw water from the Luggage
Point Wastewater Treatment Plant. This change meant that it was difficult to operate
the plant at full capacity, increased the cost of operation and is potentially damaging
equipment with an unintentional overdose of the settling chemical polymer.
Resolution: Consequent to the unexpected influent water quality, an agreement was
reached to augment the pre-treatment infrastructure to provide a facility that has little
or no reliance on chemically assisted solids removal. This will provide a plant that is
cheaper and easier to run and has less risk of damaging downstream equipment.
This was expected to be completed in early 2010.
Describe any lessons
learned from the
project in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
The failure to implement recycled water for industrial reuse (outside the power
stations) highlights the necessity of considering supply networks as well as treatment
requirements at the outset. The outcomes of the project suggest that delivery of
recycled water to customers is a major impediment to widespread uptake of recycled
water. Pricing has also proven to be a significant impediment to widespread
implementation of recycled water usage. The high cost of producing drinking water
quality recycled water means that its sale price must be relatively high (in comparison
to lower quality recycled water). Documents indicate that this has created issues in
securing buyers for the water.
The alliancing method used to deliver the project offered benefits and limitations. It
provided the freedom to allow the different alliance teams for the different project
components to quickly proceed with the designs and to innovate to solve problems
as needed. However, the compartmentalisation of the various project components
led to reduced coordination in the overall system and perhaps not the most effective
design or outcome overall as well as the need to spend time and money rectifying
system inconsistencies. Some centralised design management would have been
beneficial.
The excellent tracking of the project in progress reports demonstrated that tracking of
technical, community, media, financial and other matters in a single monthly
document is a method for ensuring timely delivery with minimisation of risks such as
safety in design and construction, negative publicity and budget exceedance.
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Project Title
4.6
Project
Proponent
SA: Metropolitan
Adelaide Major
Irrigators’ Stormwater
Reuse Project
Date Funding
Agreement signed
22/03/2006
The Adelaide and Mount Lofty
Ranges Natural Resources
Management (NRM) Board
Date Completed
(final/last report)
10/2011
Project Location
Metropolitan Adelaide golf courses – The
Grange, The Royal Adelaide and The
Glenelg golf clubs
State
SA
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$2,764,951
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$8,069,303
NWI Objective/s

4. Increase urban water use efficiency and encourage water sensitive urban
development
Project Summary Description
This project involved works to enable stormwater capture into wetlands for filtering, aquifer storage and
recovery (ASR) and reuse at three major golf courses in metropolitan Adelaide – the Grange, the Royal
Adelaide and the Glenelg golf clubs.
As a result of the project, each wetland is now fully established, with The Grange well established and Royal
Adelaide and Glenelg expected to be at full operational capacity within two years. It is anticipated that all golf
course irrigation water requirements will now be able to be sustainably met from treated stormwater.
The Project has resulted in almost $2.6 million of private-sector investment in water management through the
contributions of the Clubs. Under the Management Agreement each Club has entered into with the South
Australian Minister for Environment and Conservation, each Club has demonstrated its commitment to
maintain and operate its scheme, effectively in perpetuity.
Project Objective/s

The main Objective of the Project is to demonstrate and deliver the sustainable use of water resources in
the urban context by returning three large urban irrigators to water extraction neutrality from local
groundwater.

More specifically, the Project has the following measurable environmental, social and economic Objectives.

The specific environmental Objectives are significant and include:
– A reduction of 800 megalitres per annum of polluted stormwater inflows to West Lakes, the Port River
and the Gulf St Vincent;
– An 800 megalitres per annum reduction in the Golf Clubs’ use of the locally stressed aquifer;
– A pressure improvement and long-term salinity reduction in the local aquifer; and
– An increase in biodiversity and the creation of native aquatic habitats.

The social Objectives include:
– Reinforcement of community awareness of water conservation and biodiversity issues regarding the
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Project, the Intended Purpose of the completed Capital Works and the Objectives through: public
viewing, wetland tours, signage and publications by the NRM board and the Golf Clubs;
– The opportunity to demonstrate best practise in environmental protection and water conservation to the
local, state, national and international community via high profile events at the Golf Clubs and
publications by the NRM Board and the Golf Clubs.

The economic Objectives of the Project are:
– The creation of a sustainable water supply and secured long-term future for the Golf Clubs, being three
of Adelaide’s premier sporting venues; and
– Increase in private sector investment in stormwater management and reuse schemes.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
a. The construction of a sedimentation basin and wetland area (including the
supply and planting of aquatic plants) that is of a sufficient size to cleanse at
least 300 megalitres at Grange, 200 megalitres at Royal Adelaide and 300
megalitres at Glenelg per annum of stormwater that is transported to the
wetland;
Capital works have been constructed to recover nominated water volumes (refer Final
Report sections 3-5). However, wetlands have only just established to the level
necessary to treat stormwater to a level suitable for injection, therefore ‘production’ scale
injection is yet to achieve the nominated water volumes.
b. The construction, installation and commissioning of all pipework, structures
and fittings necessary to divert at least 300 megalitres at Grange, 200
megalitres at Royal Adelaide and 300 megalitres at Glenelg per annum of
stormwater from the local existing stormwater drainage system to the newly
constructed wetland;
Capital works have been constructed to recover nominated water volumes (refer Final
Report sections 3-5). However, wetlands have only just established to the level
necessary to treat stormwater to a level suitable for injection, therefore ‘production’ scale
injection is yet to achieve the nominated water volumes.
c. The construction, installation and commissioning of structures necessary to
prevent gross pollutants entering the wetlands;
Achieved, refer Final Report sections 3-5.
d. The construction, installation and commissioning of all pipework, structures
and fittings necessary to divert the expected volume of cleansed stormwater
from the wetland to the aquifer storage and recovery bores;
Achieved, refer Final Report sections 3-5.
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e. The construction and/or refitting of bores to the local aquifer to enable the
cleansed stormwater to be transported from the wetland to the aquifer, stored
in the aquifer and later recovered from the aquifer for irrigation of the Golf
Club;
Achieved, refer Final Report sections 3-5.
f.
Aquifer storage and recovery headworks, pumps and control systems.
Achieved, refer Final Report sections 3-5.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
A reduction of 800 megalitres per annum of polluted stormwater inflows to West
Lakes, the Port River and the Gulf St Vincent;
A reduction of polluted stormwater inflows to West Lakes, the Port River and the Gulf St
Vincent has been achieved; however this amount is less than 800 megalitres per
annum. It is understood the volume is below 800 megalitres since the wetland has only
just established to the level necessary to treat stormwater to a level suitable for injection,
and with ‘production’ scale extraction expected to commence in summer 2011/2012.
The design reuse capacities of each scheme are in accordance with the Objectives of
the Funding Agreement, for a total design reuse of 800 ML per year, and with
‘production’ scale injection now commenced at all three sites, it is anticipated that
together the three schemes will meet or exceed the objective within two years.
(refer Final Report, Section 2.6, 3.6, 4.6, 5.1, 5.2)
An 800 megalitres per annum reduction in the Golf Clubs’ use of the locally
stressed aquifer;
A reduction of use of the locally stressed aquifer has been achieved; however this
amount is less than 800 megalitres per annum. It is understood the volume is below 800
megalitres since the wetland has only just established to the level necessary to treat
stormwater to a level suitable for injection, and with ‘production’ scale extraction
expected to commence in summer 2011/2012.
The design reuse capacities of each scheme are in accordance with the Objectives of
the Funding Agreement, for a total design reuse of 800 ML per year, and with
‘production’ scale injection now commenced at all three sites, it is anticipated that
together the three schemes will meet or exceed the objective within two years.
(refer Final Report, Section 2.6, 3.6, 4.6, 5.3)
A pressure improvement and long-term salinity reduction in the local aquifer;
The Grange scheme reached the level of wetland establishment necessary to treat
harvested stormwater to a quality suitable for injection in 2008/2009, with Royal
Adelaide and Glenelg wetlands reaching this level of establishment during 2011 and
commencing ‘production’ scale injection.
Local Tertiary aquifer pressure will improve as each scheme reaches full operational
capacity over the next two years.
With harvested stormwater salinities around 200 mg/L TDS, and native groundwater
salinities around 1,000 mg/L, up to around 2,500 mg/L TDS, local Tertiary groundwater
salinity is expected to improve over decades of scheme operation.
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(refer Final Report, Section 5.4)
An increase in biodiversity and the creation of native aquatic habitats.
Each scheme has involved the planting of tens of thousands of native plants covering
upwards of 30 to 50 individual species, with significant effort put into the collection of
propagules from remnant local examples. Original plant numbers for each scheme were:

63,000 individual plants at The Grange, with seeds for one species taken from the
last remaining example found on the Adelaide Plains.

50,000 individual plants at Royal Adelaide.

65,000 plants at Glenelg.
This means each wetland, with its surrounding associated terrestrial vegetation,
represents a significant new repository of local-provenance indigenous plants. Indeed,
each wetland is actively used as a source of propagules for subsequent replanting
projects in the local area and beyond. It is expected that these three wetlands will
provide some propagules for many of the new wetland-based stormwater reuse
schemes in the Adelaide area under the Australian Government Water for the Future
National Urban Water and Desalination Plan (Stormwater harvesting and reuse
projects).
Observations from each Club are that numbers and the number of species of birds have
increased significantly since the commencement of establishment of the wetlands.
(refer Final Report, section 5.5)
Reinforcement of community awareness of water conservation and biodiversity
issues regarding the Project, the Intended Purpose of the completed Capital
Works and the Objectives through: public viewing, wetland tours, signage and
publications by the NRM board and the Golf Clubs;
Many initiatives and events by and in conjunction with the Clubs and the NRM Board
demonstrate the strong, ongoing achievement of this objective:

The NRM Board has produced a series of fact sheets about the project, made
available in hard copy at Board offices and Board events, and on the NRM Board
web site.

The NRM Board and the Clubs have maintained web pages on their web sites.

The NRM Board and the Clubs have maintained public signage since the start of
works on each site. The signage was refreshed at the start of 2010

Glenelg, 4 June 2007: Consultation was carried out with local residents and Club
members on the scheme design.

The Grange, 2006–2007: Several local schools developed educational programs
utilising the wetland as a teaching resource.

The Grange, mid-2006: A project information sheet for the local community was
prepared and distributed.

The Grange, mid-2006: An article was published in the Board newsletter.

The Grange, mid-2006: Articles about the project were published in local newspapers
and construction and engineering publications.

The Grange, Royal Adelaide and Glenelg, mid-2006: Presentations about the
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projects were held for Club members, local residents, local Rotary clubs, local
Probus clubs, and the South Australian branch of the Stormwater Industry
Association.

Royal Adelaide, mid-2006: A leaflet to local residents was produced and distributed,
and a presentation and tour were conducted for local residents.
(refer Final Report, Section 5.6)
The opportunity to demonstrate best practise in environmental protection and
water conservation to the local, state, national and international community via
high profile events at the Golf Clubs and publications by the NRM Board and the
Golf Clubs.
A number of high profile events at these Golf Clubs, together with publications by the
NRM Board and the Golf Clubs are detailed in Section 5.7 of the Final Report.
The creation of a sustainable water supply and secured long-term future for the
Golf Clubs, being three of Adelaide’s premier sporting venues;

The Grange, Royal Adelaide and Glenelg Golf Clubs have been established at their
present locations for many years (since circa 1927, 1906 and 1926 respectively), with
long histories of native groundwater use for irrigation. Part of the genesis of the Project
was the realisation by each Club of the need for sustainable irrigation water supplies
and the observation of changes in the level and quality of the native groundwater.
Although each Club held an authorisation to extract and use groundwater, the
authorisation could provide no guarantee about the presence or quality of the
groundwater.
Stormwater harvesting, wetland treatment, and aquifer storage and recovery provides
certainty to each Club that a sufficient supply of good-quality water will be available
every irrigation season.
As each wetland is now fully established, with The Grange well established and Royal
Adelaide and Glenelg expected to be at full operational capacity within two years, it is
fully expected that all golf course irrigation water requirements will be able to be
sustainably met from treated stormwater.
(refer Final Report, section 5.8)
The Project has resulted in almost $2.6 million of private-sector investment in water
management through the contributions of the Clubs. Under the Management Agreement
each Club has entered into with the South Australian Minister for Environment and
Conservation, each Club has demonstrated its commitment to maintain and operate its
scheme, effectively in perpetuity. With the Management Agreements registered on
property titles, the land occupied by the schemes is dedicated to the purposes of the
schemes regardless of any change of land ownership.
(refer Final Report, section 5.9)
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To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 4. Increase urban water use efficiency and encourage water sensitive
urban development
The project is a good example of water sensitive urban development, having reduced
demands on a local stressed aquifer, and substituted these with stormwater supply,
thereby reducing polluted stormwater discharge.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
There is no evidence to suggest that the project has increased or advanced the
state of development of technologies in water use in the water industry. The project
uses standard earthworks, concrete water control structures, wetland vegetation and
pumping systems to achieve its project objectives. There is little indication that new
or novel technologies have been considered or utilised in the implementation of this
project.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
There is no evidence that the project has increased or advanced the wider use and
uptake of water use technologies.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The project has increased the state of development of practices for stormwater
capture into wetlands for filtering, aquifer storage and recover and reuse at three
golf courses in metropolitan Adelaide.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The project has increased the uptake of practices for stormwater capture into
wetlands for filtering, aquifer storage and recovery and reuse, by implementing
these practices at three golf courses in metropolitan Adelaide.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
Recognition that timeframes/milestone dates needed to be revised (refer Variation 2)
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
Mature European carp were detected at the Glenelg scheme by Club staff in 2009.
Unfortunately, it became evident that carp management had not been considered in
the design of the Glenelg scheme. The Board and FMG Engineering, as the
construction contract Superintendent’s Representative, canvassed opinion on
management options, and met with Dr Ben Smith and Dr Leigh Thwaites, European
carp specialists from the Invasive Species subprogram of the Aquatic Sciences
division of the South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI).
A number of aquatic pest management methods were considered and discounted.
This lead to the decision to adopt pond draining and physical removal of mature carp
as the most appropriate management method. The scheme construction contractor,
SEM Civil, progressively dewatered the ponds using a transportable pump and
diesel generator, and physically removed as many carp as practicable from the
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dewatered ponds. Removed carp were disposed of at a licensed landfill.
This lead to the decision to adopt two-yearly pond draining and physical carp
removal as the ongoing carp management strategy at the Glenelg scheme. To
facilitate the implementation of this strategy, drainage sumps were retrofitted in each
low-point within the wetland system, and sump pumps, power connections and
drainage lines were installed. The Club can now drain the ponds in a reasonably
convenient manner. Where the wetland water being drained is in excess of the
capacity of the irrigation water storage tank and the aquifer injection system, it is
drained back to Brown Hill Creek.
A benefit of the periodic draining strategy is that wetland plants, used to periodic dry
periods in nature, are likely to benefit from the process, provided the soil in the root
zones and the compacted clay low-permeability pond liner do not completely dry out.
It is also likely that drying of the trapped sediments will enhance sediment aeration,
compaction and decomposition, maintaining the sediment trapping capabilities of the
wetland.
Overall, the importance of considering pest species management in the design
stages of a stormwater reuse scheme is easy to see.
(refer Final Report, Section 6.3)
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department



The proponent has identified ‘six critical factors’ for the success of stormwater
harvesting projects in the Greater Adelaide Region – supply, demand, storage,
land, owner, funds (refer Final Report, Section 6.1)
The proponent has outlined realistic timeframe expectations for the major project
delivery steps (refer Final Report, Section 6.2):
– Feasibility:
1 to 2 years.
– Business Case:
1 to 2 years.
– Consultation:
6 months to 2 years.
– Design:
6 months to 1 year.
– Construction:
6 months to 1 year.
– Establishment:
2 years to 3 years.
– Final Commissioning:
6 months to 1 year.
Other lessons identified by the proponent include (refer Final Report, Section
6.4):
– The scheme owner/operator must be as informed as possible about the
implications of the scheme as early as possible, to allow planning for future
budgets, staff training and development needs, staff recruitment needs,
external supplier needs, management structure development needs, and so
on. New proponents must learn as much as they can from existing scheme
owners/operators.
– The scheme owner/operator must be intimately involved in the project from
the earliest opportunity and must take on as much of the work in the planning,
design, construction, establishment and commissioning as possible, or risk
being “handed the keys” to a completed scheme with no knowledge of how to
operate it.
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– The designer of the scheme must be tasked, as part of the design,
construction, establishment and commissioning processes, with working
hand-in-hand with the owner/operator to develop the tools that the
owner/operator needs to best manage all elements of the scheme for the next
10, 20, 50 or 100 years.
– Scheme design must consider the flexibility and adaptability of the completed
system, to account for future changes in conditions. For example, as injection
and extraction performance changes over time, as harvestable flows change
in timing and volume, as new risks emerge, the owner/operator must be able
to assess the implications and optimise the scheme to account for the
changes.
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183
Project Title
4.7
Project
Proponent
VIC: Regional Roof
Water Harvesting
Project (Warrnambool)
Date Funding
Agreement signed
14/05/2008
Department of Sustainability and
Environment
Date Completed
(final/last report)
27/09/2011
Project Location
Warrnambool
State
VIC
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$1,065,875
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$3,847,441
NWI Objective/s
4. Increase urban water use efficiency and encourage water sensitive urban
development
Project Summary Description
The project was developed to establish an innovative demonstration site and communicate the utilisation of
the roof area in new subdivisions as a dispersed catchment supplying centralised storage, treatment and
reticulated water supply systems. A Communication Action Plan was developed for the project which dealt
with the communication actions at a local and national level. Establishment of a demonstration area of
regional roof water harvesting has been achieved with the water being collected measured for the 11
dwellings adjacent to the Brierly Basin. The total water harvested for the twelve months was 1,416 kL
compared to the water consumption of these dwellings of 952 kL. Thus the roofs have harvested more water
than consumed – 49% surplus to dwelling demand.
The trunk main and collector pipe network is in place for a further 262 houses to be connected. New housing
construction has commenced within one of the new subdivisions within the demonstration area. 36 houses
had commenced construction by the 30 June 2011 with an additional 11 commenced since that time. There is
continuing strong demand for new housing and the demonstration area is in a key growth corridor for
Warrnambool. Of the 112 lots created through subdivision in the demonstration area within the last 12 month
108 have been sold.
An open day for water planners, developers, community members and Ministers was held in June 2011.
Project Objective/s

Construction of the necessary infrastructure to capture and transfer rain water collected on new household
roofs to existing centralised storage and treatment facilities avoiding the need to transport this water from a
river system over 100 km away.

Identifying other cities with high potential for adoption (primarily in coastal eastern Australia) and the
provision of a tool-kit for locality-specific evaluation of application.

Reporting of yield and quality information to support adoption under HACCP-based risk systems for water
supply.

National communication of project outcomes to facilitate adoption in other locations.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
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184
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
1. Establishment of a local Warrnambool community consultation program to
market the concept and ensure input to the design process and establish the
ongoing water harvesting culture within the catchment
A Communication Action Plan was developed for the project which dealt with the
communication actions at a local and national level. This resulted in a structured and
targeted approach to communications. The plan identified the communication objectives
and outlined the key activities to be undertaken which included: preparation of fact
sheets, media liaison and media releases, customer newsletters, stakeholder briefings,
website updates, direct mail, public information days and publication of articles in
relevant magazines.
(refer Final Report, Section 4 – Community Engagement)
2. Hold one open day per year over the life of the project to engage with the
regional community
An open day for water planners, developers, community members and Ministers was
held in June 2011. This was very successful with the Victorian Water Minister, Peter
Walsh making mention of the project in the Parliament the following week and the
principle being seriously considered for adoption at Central Highlands Water.
This is an ongoing activity.
3. Identify other cities with high potential for adoption (primarily in coastal
eastern Australia) and the provision of a tool-kit for locality-specific evaluation
of application
Translation of knowledge gained has been achieved by using the BOM rainfall data from
various parts of Australia, using costs adjusted for local conditions and allowing for a
variety of water supply arrangements within the toolkit structure.
There are many places around the coastal strip of Australia where developing towns
could use this principle to augment supplies in a cost effective manner. These have been
analysed using ABS growth data and BOM rainfall data to provide a list of towns which
are prime candidates for regional roof water harvesting.
(refer Final Report, Section 6 – Milestone 2)
4. Establish water yield and water quality reference benchmarks for harvested
roof water
The volume harvested from the 11 dwellings adjacent to the Brierly Basin has been
measured using the magflow meter installed at the pump well (into which the 11
dwellings drain). This has provided a consistent roof area for harvesting and a valuable
data set to evaluate the theoretical yield against actual.
(Refer Final Report, Section 6 – Milestone 5)
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185
5. Preparation of a technical paper on the Roof Water Harvesting Project and
presentation at a range of water conferences across Australia to promote
adoption of the principle elsewhere.
The national marketing program resulted in presentations of the Roof Water Harvesting
concept and use of the Toolkit at the following conferences at the following conferences
to 30 June 2011:

Ozwater’09 - Melbourne

AWA 2009 Annual Conference - Melbourne

IWA/AWA Efficient 2009 - Sydney

Ozwater ’10 - Brisbane

VicWater Annual Sustainability Seminar - Melbourne

IWA (international) World Water Conference - Mexico

Victorian Regional Survey Conference 2010 - Warrnambool

AWA Sustainable Infrastructure and Asset Management National

Conference - Sydney

Eco Forum - Sydney

4th National Water Efficiency Conference – Melbourne
(refer Final Report, Section 6 – Milestone 6)
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
Establishment of a demonstration area of regional roof water harvesting has been
achieved with the water being collected measured for the 11 dwellings adjacent to the
Brierly Basin. The total water harvested for the twelve months was 1,416 kL compared to
the water consumption of these dwellings of 952 kL. Thus the roofs have harvested more
water than consumed – 49% surplus to dwelling demand.
The 2010/11 year included a relatively wet cool summer which has contributed to the
result. The result does confirm that the volume harvested is significant and likely to at
least match the demand of the new houses.
The trunk main and collector pipe network is in place for a further 262 houses to be
connected. New housing construction has commenced within one of the new
subdivisions within the demonstration area. 36 houses had commenced construction by
the 30 June 2011 with an additional 11 commenced since that time. There is continuing
strong demand for new housing and the demonstration area is in a key growth corridor
for Warrnambool. Of the 112 lots created through subdivision in the demonstration area
within the last 12 month 108 have been sold. This again demonstrates the strong
demand for residential land within the demonstration area meaning that houses are likely
to be constructed and connected to the regional roof water harvesting system promptly.
A water quality risk assessment completed for the Warrnambool project has been
included in the CD distributed with the Toolkit.
(refer Final Report, Section 6 – Overall Success Factors, and Section 4 – Development
of the Toolkit)
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186
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
NWI Objective: 4. Increase urban water use efficiency and encourage water sensitive
urban development
This project has successfully offset the supply of water from a typical river source with a
centralised roofwater supply, and promoted the outcomes of the project through a
national marketing program. The project is therefore consistent with the NWI objective
of encouraging water sensitive urban design.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
The project uses standard water trunk and collector pipe main and network works to
achieve the project objectives. The inlet structure at the Basin includes a fixed selfcleaning screen that strains out any leaves or debris that enters the system.
Automated control has been built into the system through an electrically operated
valve, programmable logic controller, flow meter and tipping bucket rain gauge to
automatically control the draining of the trunk main.
The project delivered a new tool-kit for locality-specific evaluation of roofwater
harvesting application, which has advanced the state of development of technology
associated with the assessment of roofwater harvesting potential.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Based on the available documentation, there is no evidence that the project has
increased or advanced the wider use and uptake of water use technologies.
However, it is noted that the outcomes of the project have been widely promoted,
and this may lead to further trials of the technology.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The project has increased the state of development of practices for roof water
harvesting involving the design and construction of trunk main works and collector
pipe networks within the subdivision, through the community engagement program
and through the development of the toolkit which may be applied to other towns in
Australia.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The project has increased the uptake of practices for roof water harvesting involving
the design and construction of trunk main works and collector pipe networks within
the Warrnambool region, through the community engagement program and through
the development of the toolkit which may be applied to other towns in Australia.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
23/14220/68110
Recognition that timeframes/milestone dates and project budget needed to be
revised (refer Variation Sep 2009)
187
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
Three unexpected issues were identified by the project proponent:
1. The underestimation of cost in the original application;
2. The unwillingness of the retirement village developer to be part of the
demonstration; and
3. The delay in obtaining planning permit approval for the Russell Creek Estate in
the demonstration of the concept.
Further detail is provided in Section 5 of the Final Report
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
The following lessons learned were identified by the project proponent:
1.
Have the cost estimates for the installation of works independently assessed
prior to submitting the application. This is particularly important where the works
proposed are different in nature from what is typically done within an
organisation. In this case a large diameter polyethylene trunk main was
constructed with inspection openings and an inlet screening structure.
2.
Although the commitment to successfully implement an innovative project may
exist with Council and the Water Corporation, developers may be unwilling to be
party to the project and challenge any involvement with the project. Preparation
for such a challenge and consideration of all other associated risks should be
undertaken before the project commences so that all possible actions are taken
to support a defence and to minimise project delays.
3.
Allow plenty of time for Council planning processes to occur and assume the
worst weather will occur when establishing milestone dates. Have a contingency
plan before the project commences so that if delays do occur, you are prepared
to implement contingencies
4.
Polyethylene welding contractors are available from Melbourne but are in high
demand so need to ensure their availability for the duration of the project. Even
though suppliers may commit to providing the required pipes and fittings in a
timely fashion, delays in supply can have significant impact on the project
milestones. Need to allow a time buffer to account for supplies being delayed.
Allowing for non-performance of suppliers is very difficult to do with any certainty.
5.
Overall the selection of polyethylene was the correct decision as the material
offers the required flexibility for junctions and bends while welded joints will not
leak ensuring the pipeline is secure against contamination over time.
6.
Developing a software program to be flexible for use in different parts of Australia
and adaptable to a range of water supply situations takes time with many reviews
necessary to ensure the end product meets the needs.
7.
You may want to consider preparing a stakeholder engagement strategy before
the project commences so that it is implemented during the project to improve
engagement between corporation, council, developers, regulators, etc.?
(refer Final Report, Section 6 – Lessons Learnt)
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188
5
NWI Objective 5: Improved the
management of surface and
groundwater as connected
systems
23/14220/68110
189
Project Title
5.1
Project
Proponent
NAT: A national
perspective on
the magnitude
of river groundwater
interaction and
associated
impacts on
water resources
Date Funding
Agreement signed
5/10/2006
SKM Pty Ltd
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Practical (but not
final) completion
Project Location
National
State
National
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$1,350,000
Total Project Cost (GST
Excl.)
$1,423,082
NWI Objective/s
5. Manage surface and groundwater as connected systems
Project Summary Description
This project aimed to further advance the current understanding of the process of surface water-groundwater
interaction and associated water resource impacts in a national context. It will be a key tool in understanding
the connectivity between surface and groundwater resources and connected systems and provide valuable
information to guide investigations in other regional catchments.
The approach was to develop a practical and cost effective method for assessing the level of connectivity of
groundwater and surface water and hence the potential for double allocation of water resources. While some
objectives have been achieved, there is limited information available to assess whether all the tasks
associated with this project have been completed.
Project Objective/s
Four project objectives:

Develop methods for quantifying the degree of connection between river and groundwater systems, in both
spatial and temporal context;

Install the necessary monitoring infrastructure and demonstrate the application of these methods at ten
representative catchments in eastern Australia. This information will then form the basis of regional
extrapolation;

Provide estimates of the level of connection between major river and groundwater systems in Australia,
and the likely level of double-accounting of water resources (if appropriate data is available); and

Communicate the project outcomes to local, State and Commonwealth decision-makers to enable
integrated water resource management.
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190
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Develop methods for quantifying the level of connection between river water and
groundwater, in both a spatial and temporal context, on the basis of existing
detailed field studies
The project selected existing methods, which were identified, assessed and categorised
for application suitability and trialled at selected sites across Eastern Australia. The
activity selected 5 different methods that operate over different temporal and spatial
scales for application to the selected sites.
Demonstrate the application of the composite method at ten high priority and
representative catchments in eastern Australia
It is not clear exactly what ‘the composite’ method is and there is no mention of a
composite method in any reports. Rather it appears that where the data and site
conditions are suitable, the most relevant methods identified in the task above have been
applied at each study site. The various methods were applied at the ten study sites,
therefore this objective is still considered to have been met.
The site trials highlight the variability of the results using the different methods, as well as
the suitability or appropriateness of one method over another depending on the aim of
the assessment/data of interest, and there was no one method that determines both
temporal and spatial variation.
Provide estimates of the level of connection (double accounting) of targeted major
river systems in Australia
Summary of estimates provided in the summary report and individual site reports
estimate groundwater inflow to stream reaches and also estimate the impact of aquifer
development on the stream flow. The level of connection is established, and estimates of
the impact of aquifer development also provided.
Provide estimates of the level of double allocation of groundwater resources in
targeted major river systems within Australia, if appropriate data is available
There is no estimate of the level of double allocation provided (double accounting has
been used interchangeably with this term, and is distinct from the activity above where
estimates of the level of connection are provided). Estimates of baseflow depletion as a
result of groundwater pumping have been provided, however, this is not considered to
provide an estimate of the level of ‘double allocation’ – i.e. the volume of water that is
currently accounted for in both surface water and groundwater allocations.
23/14220/68110
191
Package and communicate the project outcomes to local, State and
Commonwealth decision-makers to facilitate integrated water resource
management
Documentation provided does not indicate that the project outcomes have been
communicated fully to decision-makers. Documentation provided only relates to
reporting which are requirements of previous activities. ‘Traffic Light’ spreadsheet status
column indicates ‘presentations to technical forums have been held’ however there is no
other information to support this. It is assumed therefore that technical forums have been
held, which partially meets the activity, however it is not clear if or how the project has
been packaged to facilitate integrated water management.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has been consistent with the objectives; however, they have only been
partially met. It appears the project (or at least the documentation provided) is
incomplete.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 5. Manage surface and groundwater as connected systems
This project achieves this NWI objective as it encourages the management of
groundwater and surface water systems as connected systems rather than in isolation of
each other through the identification and trial application of ways in which to quantify their
degree of connectivity.
This represents an important step towards the actual implementation of managing water
as connected systems.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
Based on the available documentation, it does not appear that the project advanced
the state of development of surface water-groundwater assessment modelling or
technology.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of
technology/
technologies in water
use in the water
industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating groundwater and surface water connectivity into water management
standard practices or processes.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of practices in relation
to water use in the water
industry?
Based on the available documentation, it does not appear that the project advanced
the state of development of surface water-groundwater assessment practices.
23/14220/68110
This project has advanced the uptake by trialling methods at different sites, which
brings water managers a step closer to actually being able to adopt the method for
water management practices.
192
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of practices
in water use in the water
industry?
Documentation provided does not indicate this project has achieved this. Would
require demonstration of the final objective (project communication) to have been
carried out to achieve this.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
Initially it was identified by Land & Water Australia and the MDBC that the project
budget submitted may be insufficient to adequately cover the scope. A request was
made for a revised budget as well as additional scope (field trials at 10 sites rather
than the originally planned 8 sites). This indicates WSA were aware of the
magnitude of the undertaking being proposed and wanted to ensure that the work
was done to a sufficient standard.
WSA granted extensions to project timelines due to delays with State government
agencies and sub-contractors.
There is however no documentation provided to indicate ongoing communication
between WSA and the proponent, therefore it is unclear how much involvement and
input WSA had in terms of steering the project, including whether it may have been
more appropriate to redirect funds to other sites or the development of new
methods given that some of the methods trialled could not be applied to all sites, or
that some methods can only estimate water inflow (baseflow to stream) and not
outflow (losing stream reaches).
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the
project, technically,
institutionally, or in
regard to achievement
of the
outcomes/objectives?
The inability to extrapolate the method to broader sites and catchments / larger
scale river environments. The 10 selected case study catchments surface water –
groundwater connectivity characteristics may not have been broad enough from the
outset to facilitate the intended method extrapolation capability outcome.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
Accurate estimates of regional scale groundwater discharge are difficult to obtain
and there is significant variability of the results when different methods are applied
at the same site.
23/14220/68110
The project aimed to estimate the degree of connectivity between river and
groundwater systems, however, the majority of the methods trialled cannot estimate
the water lost from streams to groundwater; rather they can only estimate the
baseflow contribution from groundwater to rivers.
No one method can take into account both spatial and temporal variation.
A number of the methods cannot estimate river water loss to groundwater.
193
Project Title
5.2
Project
Proponent
SA: Improve the
knowledge of
groundwater flow
mechanisms in
fractured rock aquifers
in the Mount Lofty
Ranges, Northern
Adelaide Plains and
Kangaroo Island
Date Funding
Agreement signed
16/11/2006
Department of Water Land &
Biodiversity Conservation, South
Australia
Date Completed
(final/last report)
December
2010
Project Location
Mount Lofty Ranges, Northern Adelaide
Plains and Kangaroo Island
State
South
Australia
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$1,520,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$3,040,000
NWI Objective/s
5. Manage surface and groundwater as connected systems
Project Summary Description
The project was developed to improve the understanding of groundwater flows (storage, movement and
recharge and interaction with surface water) in fractured rock aquifers in the Mount Lofty Ranges, Kangaroo
Island, and Northern Adelaide Plains of SA, to improve water resource management and development of
fractured rock aquifer resources.
The project has resulted in the production of 10 technical reports which document the successful
implementation and results of the programs funded. The activities undertaken through this project have
significantly improved the knowledge base and understanding of groundwater flow through fractured rock
environments to support (but not ensure) accelerated water resource management in the subject areas, and
have contributed to improved understanding of these processes for fractured rock environments as a whole.
Project Objective/s
Improve the understanding of groundwater flow mechanisms in fractured rock aquifers to ensure accelerated
water resource management in the Mount Lofty Ranges, Kangaroo Island and Northern Adelaide Plains.
Specifically:

Understand surface water – groundwater interactions and implications for conjunctive use;

Understand zones of influence of groundwater extraction in fractured rock areas. Provide improved
knowledge of resource behaviour to improve management;

To understand groundwater movement and recharge across faults and improve management;

Identify catchment scale groundwater processes in a fractured rock environment to provide information to
improve understanding and management of such areas; and

Provide scientific knowledge to support the development of Water Allocation Plans.
23/14220/68110
194
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
There were four components to the project as outlined below.
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Program 1: Surface water – groundwater interactions and implications for
conjunctive use of the resources including:

Drilling and installation of shallow piezometers along selected transects;

Monitoring of seasonal and long term trends in surface flows and groundwater
levels;

Monitoring over short time scales (days) under different antecedent conditions
to determine the mobilisation and transport of salts to surface water;

Surface water chemistry sampling to establish water quality;

Groundwater chemistry sampling to establish water quality;

Pumping tests combined with geophysical techniques such as Groundwater
Penetrating Radar and Spontaneous Potential to determine subsurface flow
paths for water; and

Development of a conceptual model incorporating the above data.
The following reports provide the primary evidence of this program being completed:
Stewart, S 2008. Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions on Kangaroo Island, Progress
Report 1: Rocky River Shallow Piezometer Drilling Program, DWLBC Report 2008/22.
Banks, E. 2009. Groundwater-surface water interactions on Kangaroo Island, SA,
Profess Report 2: Hydrogeological characterisation of the Rocky River Catchment.
Banks, E. 2010. Groundwater-surface water interactions on Kangaroo Island, South
Australia: Hydrogeological assessment of Rocky River Catchment (Banks, 2010)
It is clear from these reports that the program outlined above was carried out. It is noted
that unexpectedly high drilling costs (due to the remote location of the work) resulted in
the originally planned installation of nested piezometers in a cleared catchment adjacent
to the Rocky River catchment was not completed. Instead additional piezometers were
installed in the Rocky River catchment and the results were compared to work being
completed in the Mt Lofty Ranges (where similar geological and climatic conditions allow
comparison to be made).
It is unclear whether pumping tests were carried out as part of this program; however
pumping tests have been completed as part of other work programs associated with this
project. It appears that numerical and analytical models were developed in addition to
the above activity list, and hydraulic parameters used in the models that may have been
sought from the pumping tests and from previous studies. Hydrochemical methods were
also employed to investigate spatial and temporal variations in connectivity between
groundwater and surface water.
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195
Program 2: Zones of Influence and Well Interference
Investigation of the spatial extent and distribution of drawdown from pumped
wells in fractured rock areas to improve allocation and management. This will use
geophysics to understand the effect on the distribution of drawdown around
wells. It will produce mapped zones of groundwater flow under pumped
conditions for representative geological characteristics, and a detailed report.
The following reports provide the primary evidence of this program being completed:
Hydrogeophysical mapping of fracture orientation and groundwater flow in the Eastern
Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia, DWLBC 2009/09
Hydrogeological mapping of fracture orientation and groundwater flow in the Western
Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia, DWLBC 2008/32
These reports provide extensive detail on the work completed including geophysical
assessments at multiple sites to delineate the orientation of dominant sub-vertical
fractures intersecting a borehole. The reports concludes that “no single method can
unambiguously map fractures and their capacity for fluid movement however it also
notes that by using a combination of the methods described it could be possible to
determine zones of influence around pumping wells in the future, primarily inferring
dominant orientation of strike from resistivity methods and an estimate of the elliptical
radius from magnitude of electrokinetic measurements”.
It is therefore concluded that this activity has been completed.
Program 3: Groundwater movement across regional scale faults and the
implications for recharge to adjacent sedimentary basins
The work plan includes determination of fault properties and characteristics, analysis of
fault characteristics and spatially associated areas of groundwater discharge, and the
development of predictive management strategies. These recommendations will be
provided to the Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges NRM Board, the SA MDB NRM Board
and the Kangaroo Island NRM Board for implementation.
Techniques that will be used include detailed structural mapping, petrographic thin
section analysis to determine clay content of the fault zone, geophysical surveys (GPR
and SP) to delineate groundwater flow paths, and modelling of present day stress fields
to indicate the preferred orientation of open fractures and transmissive zones.
The following reports provide the primary evidence of this program being completed:
Green et al, 2010. Groundwater Flow across Regional Scale Faults. Technical Report
DFW 2010/15
Stewart, S., Banks, E. and Wilson, T. 2008. Groundwater Flow Mapping across the
Mount Lofty Ranges, DWLBC 2009/26
Groundwater flow mapping was completed using structural geology cross sections. The
reports also document geophysical surveys and fracture mapping to assist with
delineating groundwater flow paths. It is unclear whether modelling of the present day
stress fields was completed (noting this may be a limitation of the reviewers
understanding of the data presented), however it is noted that reference is made to ‘the
active stresses’ and the influence this may have on groundwater flow paths.
It is concluded that this activity has been completed.
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196
Program 4: Predicting catchment scale processes in a fractured rock
environment.
The method to be adopted includes:

Structural domain mapping at a catchment scale

Characterisation of fracture systems at a regional scale

Determine current stress regime, model current stress regime with known
orientations of regional fracture systems to predict groundwater flow paths and
hydraulic regimes

Ground truth results using GPS and SP methodology.
Evidence of activity being completed is provided in Milestone 3 progress report, the
project Summary Report and the reports:
Fracture Orientation and Distribution Analysis, Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia
(Wilson, Zulfic and Costar, 2008).
Hydrogeophysical mapping of fracture orientation and groundwater flow in the Eastern
Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia, DWLBC 2009/09
Determination of Current Day Stress Regime (no author or date noted)
The program included detailed structural mapping at catchment scale and analysis of
information obtained on fracture orientations, spacing and connectivity at 84 sites.
Ground-truthing of the geophysical survey data was also carried out at selected sites.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project activities have been consistent with the project objectives in that they have
significantly improved the knowledge base and understanding of groundwater flow
through fractured rock environments to support (but not ensure) accelerated water
resource management in the subject areas, and have contributed to improved
understanding of these processes for fractured rock environments as a whole.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 5. Manage surface and groundwater as connected systems
The project has been consistent with the NWI objective as it improves the understanding
of groundwater flow through fractured rock environments, including assessments on
groundwater interaction with surface water systems. By advancing this understanding
the management of groundwater and surface water as connected systems can be
improved also.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies in
water use in the water
industry?
23/14220/68110
The project has advanced the method of using electrical self-potential (SP)
measurements to determine local-scale groundwater flow paths in fractured rock
environments.
197
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake of
technology/ technologies in
water use in the water
industry?
Not necessarily, but by demonstrating the application of techniques such as
electrical self-potential (SP) analysis, the project may contribute to advancing the
uptake of these technologies for use in future investigations throughout Australia.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of practices
in relation to water use in
the water industry?
The project has developed general guides for the resource management of
groundwater in fractured rock environments. Whilst detailed results are obviously
most relevant to the investigated areas, the findings can provide guidance to water
resource investigations and planning in other fractured rock areas.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake of
practices in water use in
the water industry?
Not necessarily, but the approaches taken and the findings documented may
provide the stimulus for improved investigation and management of important
fractured rock aquifers elsewhere in Australia.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to project
proponents to adapt to
changing circumstances?
Extensions of time were sought and enabled through formal variations, and minor
changes to scope were enabled to best utilise funding as the project progressed.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to achievement
of the
outcomes/objectives?
The project came up with conclusions which extend beyond the fractured rock
systems being investigated, such as:

In catchments where undisturbed native vegetation exists, removal of this
vegetation creates a severe risk of causing erosion to shallow surface
sediments that may provide much of the water buffering capacity of the
catchment and act as the primary source of stream base flow between rain
events, and

Extended conserved riparian zones, sufficient to allow natural dams and swamp
systems to form, can be effective in increasing the residence time of water in a
watercourse. This is particularly valuable in extending streamflow duration in
ephemeral creek systems.
These conclusions are not new, but are consistent with approaches being taken in
some Australian catchments to restore riparian environments, and provide
technical support to potential hydrological improvements that can be gained from
these approaches.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project in
regard to implementation of
the project itself or the
administration of the
project by the Department
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No such lessons learned were identified in the available documentation.
198
Project Title
5.3
Project
Proponent
SA: Integrated water
resource management
in the South East of
South Australia
Date Funding
Agreement signed
30/10/2006
Department of Water Land &
Biodiversity Conservation, SA
Date Completed
(final/last report)
1/12/2010
Project Location
South east region of South Australia
State
South Australia
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$6,249,001
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$12,607,000
NWI Objective/s
5: Manage surface and groundwater as connected systems
Project Summary Description
The project was developed to improve knowledge of the quality and quantity of water resources in the South
East region of South Australia. Through the project, a water ‘Meter Data Management System’ has been
delivered for use in the South East Region, as part of the Water Accounting sub-project. The system currently
hosts over 4,000 meter records and can also link metering consumption and extraction location records to
observation well data.
The implementation of the Water Accounting sub-project also established a total of 13 research sites to
understand the impact of irrigation on groundwater resources in the region. The research outcomes from this
project identified that serious salinity issues loom in the South East landscape in the future.
The modelling aspect of this project has allowed prediction of recharge rates of groundwater from rainfall events
and prediction of the impact on salinity and groundwater levels based on a number of climatic and groundwater
use scenarios.
Project Objective/s
The main objective of the Project is to achieve sustainable integrated water resource management in the South
East of South Australia. The specific objectives are to:
a. Improve the understanding of water resources in the South East including recharge rates, use/response
processes, stratigraphic controls on flow and groundwater/surface water interactions.
b. Achieve a greater understanding of spatial and temporal variability of flows to key groundwater dependent
ecosystems.
c.
Enable water access entitlements or allocations to be capable of being managed as a share of the resource
as specified in the water allocation plan.
d. Develop and implement water accounting system that enables the effective collection, storage and
management of water meter data for input to integrated management models.
e. Understand the impacts of irrigation on the groundwater resource and the development of best management
practices in partnership with irrigators.
f.
Facilitate community involvement in the integrated resource management approach and the setting of
management regimes.
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199
g. Develop decision support tools to enable the adjustment of levels of use as required in response to
changing resource conditions or community attitudes.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
1.1
Improve estimates of groundwater recharge from rainfall.
As part of the Resource Sustainability sub-project, 24 research sites were
established across a range of climatic, soil and land use types to monitor recharge rates
and associated use/response processes. Drilling and ongoing monitoring has enabled
an update of recharge rates for each site to be achieved.

1.2 Improve knowledge of how the underlying geology controls groundwater
flow and salinity, to determine a more reliable understanding of hydrogeological
behaviour for determining sustainability.
Considerable on ground works were undertaken to locate and ground truth the key fault
systems that influence groundwater flow and movement in the region. A drilling program
across fault lines for the complete thickness of the unconfined aquifer was completed at
4 sites to obtain further understanding of the displacement of geologic formations
resulting from movement of the earth over time. Conceptual models were subsequently
developed from geological logging from the drill sites. The ability of water managers and
planners to appreciate the extent of control / impact faults on regional groundwater flows
and behaviour can have is now quantifiable.
1.3
Develop regional management decision support tools

A numerical groundwater model was developed for the region and was calibrated to
available field data as part of the Resource Sustainability sub-project. The model is
able to predict groundwater level response to changes in climate and water use.
External peer review has been conducted to validate the usefulness of this model as
both a model and a decision support tool.

The model has already been used to assess the impact of water allocation cuts on
groundwater levels, and can be updated in the future to continue to assist water
allocation planning and decision making. The model provides water managers a
wider range of scenarios to consider and greater transparency when establishing
responsive approaches to water resource management.
2.2 Develop pilot programme for data collection, verification and management
system
A water ‘Meter Data Management System’ has been delivered for use in the South East
Region, as part of the Water Accounting sub-project. The system currently hosts over
4,000 meter records and can also link metering consumption and extraction location
records to observation well data which is an innovative water resource management
approach and increases the potential application of this system to a wider range of
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200
users, in particular modellers.
2.3 Benchmarking irrigation practices to provide a basis for understanding current
irrigation practices and identify how improvements can be made to reduce water
use and impacts on the environment.

The Water Accounting sub-project also established a total of 13 research sites to
understand the impact of irrigation on groundwater resources in the region. The
research sites targeted a range of differing irrigation system types and soil types
occurring across the region.

In response to the research findings, Department for Water (DfW) staff and irrigators
met at a series of workshops and worked in partnership to develop irrigation
guidelines that were suitable for the South East Region.

The research outcomes from this project identified that serious salinity issues loom in
the South East landscape in the future. The guidelines developed in partnership with
the community will enable irrigators to best utilise their volumetric allocation and help
manage / mitigate irrigation induced soil salinity.

The greater knowledge developed from this research will improve DfW’s ability to
undertake assessments for new water use developments.

Importantly, this research provides options for irrigators to manage salinity loadings in
the productive soil profile and therefore improved management of the groundwater
resource.
.
2.4 Develop a whole of catchment dataset.

In further support of water accounting for the region, a complete data set was
developed for water affecting activities in the South East Region. This work included
the following:

Identification of wells used for licensed water extraction in readiness for endorsement
onto water licences as part of the separation of entitlements (unbundling) work and to
further enhance groundwater modelling capacity for the region.

Identification and assessment of previously unknown levels of development for
surface water catching dams for the surface water policy areas of the region.

Creation of a forestry data set which enabled further quantification of the spatial
distribution for new and existing forestry estate developments.
3.1 Establish a methodology and basic arrangement for adaptive management,
including a web-based demonstration site.

Included in the Adaptive Groundwater Management sub-project, a trial was
conducted to pilot new approaches towards the achievement of sustainable water
management, by enabling an adaptive approach to management in response to
evolving knowledge and monitoring of the effects of new management practices. This
was undertaken in collaboration with the community, water managers, water users
and water scientists

The pilot trial was conducted in an area experiencing longer term groundwater level
declines and salinity increases around Keith, Willalooka and Mundulla.

Outcomes from community workshops were also incorporated into the development
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of the groundwater model produced under the Resource Sustainability project. As a
result of a series of community and technical workshops, resource condition limits
and triggers were developed for application in the model for the pilot trial zone.
Included was an aspirational groundwater recovery (upper) level, a trigger point for
action and reductions to groundwater use, opportunity for early warning for adverse
resource conditions along with a target of maintaining water level gradients to
continually flush salts from the system.

Milestone Report 8 mentions content was created for the web-based demonstration
site. Based on material it is unknown whether the website was successfully launched.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
Based on the information provided in the Project Progress Reports the project has
achieved its overall project objective to improve knowledge of the quality and quantity of
water resources in the South East region of South Australia, to develop an accounting
system for the allocation and use of the water resources in the region and develop
adaptive water resource management arrangements based on resource condition
monitoring.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?

NWI Objective: 5. Manage surface and groundwater as connected systems
The modelling aspect of this project has allowed prediction of recharge rates of
groundwater from rainfall events and predict the impact on salinity and groundwater
levels based on a number of climatic and groundwater use scenarios. Based on the
information provided it appears the model focussed on groundwater recharge as
opposed to modelling both surface water and groundwater as one system. However, by
default the model has incorporated modelling the interaction between surface water and
groundwater and has also been utilised as a management tool to enable a more
informed approach when allocating water entitlements to prevent impact of irrigation
practices on salinity increase in groundwater systems.
Therefore the project has been consistent with its NWI objective enabling better
management of groundwater and surface water as a connected system.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
This project has focused on the application of existing technologies – there are
innovative technologies used in this project.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
numerical groundwater modelling and water meter data management into water
resource management standard practices or processes.
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This project does not incorporate new software technologies but increases the uptake
of existing software (modelling and data management) within South Australia.
202
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The project uses standard practices with regards to water resource management.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The trial to pilot adaptive approaches to water resource management was conducted
which has aimed to increase the uptake of sustainable practices in water resource
management. However, the project emphasis was primarily on information building to
provide a foundation for water allocation planning in future projects.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
The project has remained within its total budget funding allocation for the duration of
the project. The WSA delayed several milestone deadlines upon request by the
Proponent including:

Delay in initial commencement of project due to delayed formalising of funding
agreement therefore a number of milestones due dates were deferred from
Milestone Report 1 (December 2006) to Milestone Report 2 (June 2007).

Sub Program 3.1 deferred payment of $75,000 along with completion of milestone
activity from 1 June 2009 until 1 December 2009.

Approval was also provided to vary the funding agreement and carry $30,000
forward into the 2010/11 financial year to enable a project audit and evaluation to
be completed.
In addition, during April 2009, approval was received from the National Water
Commission to access previously unspent Commonwealth funding from the 2007/08
financial year. As a result $141,000 was made available to the project budget during
the 09/10 financial year with any non-spent amount to be returned to the
Commonwealth.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
No notable unexpected outcomes were noted in the available documentation.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
It was noted during the project that there was a lack of specific water industry skills. A
benefit recognised through the delivery of this project is that new skills could be
developed to fill some of the gaps in national skill shortages. Benefits of this upskilling
include:
23/14220/68110

Greater integration opportunities for research and water management business
practices across the project;

Exposure of technical and scientific staff to community consultation practices and
policy development;

Staff have taken ownership of project business thereby increasing project value
along with higher levels of personal satisfaction aiding retention and coverage
when resignations have occurred;

Reduced costs for consultancy fees due to more precise scoping of work requests
203
and ability of project staff to complete analytical tasks;

Improved Groundwater modelling skills for development of both conceptual and
numerical modelling;

Increased use of technology to support water resource management;

Improved community participation, relationships and satisfaction with government
services.

A more holistic approach to water resource management for a groundwater area to
include management of salt movement through soil, impacts of different soil types
on recharge and increased knowledge of aquifer characteristics that impact
groundwater flow and movement within the region.
In addition, a key issue for project management during the final closure phase of the
project was the retention of key staff to ensure the completion of hand over to the
State, and input to policy development for the region.
An example of handover activity is the South East Science Review, a State funded
project that commenced in June 2010. The review team are placing reliance on the
updated scientific information developed for the region through the SE NWI Project.
Project staff are providing considerable assistance to this project team. With the
science review starting to promote the SE NWI Project work in its deliberations, there
are now further requests coming directly to the remaining project staff for information.
It remains apparent that government leadership provided by this project was well
received by the community who were witnessing adverse natural resource condition
changes and climatic variances. The project continues to receive feedback from the
community on water resource management issues for the Adaptive Management Pilot
Trial Zone.
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204
Project Title
5.4
Project
Proponent
VIC: Establishment of
Sustainable
Groundwater
Management
Date Funding
Agreement signed
10/5/2007
Department of Sustainability and
Environment
Date Completed
(final/last report)
August 2011
Project Location
Victoria
State
VIC
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
TBA
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
TBA
NWI Objective/s
5. Manage surface and groundwater as connected systems
Project Summary Description
The project was developed to support sustainable management of groundwater across Victoria.
Understanding of Victoria’s aquifers has been enhanced through research and analysis tasks completed. The
improvement of the Latrobe Group Aquifer Monitoring Network through drilling and refurbishment of bores will
allow for better understanding of that system. In addition work done to map Victoria’s GDEs has been
conducted which gives a state wide appreciation of these in terms of groundwater management issues.
Groundwater Resource Appraisals undertaken as part of this project give water budgets, allowable extraction
levels and aquifer boundaries, this information is critical for water accounting.
The Environmental Water Reserve (EWR) methodology is a tool which was developed to monitor potential
interaction between groundwater and surface water in relation to fulfilling environmental water requirements.
The EWR can be utilised in water management, ensuring the relationship between groundwater and surface
water is recognised through continued assessment GDEs
Project Objective/s

improve understanding of Victoria’s aquifers;

develop tools to promote an adaptive approach to the management of Victorian aquifers;

enable improvements to be made in water accounting, compliance with licence volumes and water sharing;

facilitate assessment of the groundwater component of the environmental water reserve; and

assess impacts and issues arising from falling groundwater levels in the Latrobe aquifer.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Note: For this project the priority Groundwater Management Areas (GMAs) are:
Partially met
The Murray Basin (Murmungee, Mid-Goulburn, Southern Campaspe, Mid-Loddon and
Upper-Loddon); and The Otway Basin (Nullawarre, Hawkesdale, Newlingrook and Jan
Juc).
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Groundwater Resource Assessments - At the priority GMAs the project will
undertake assessments that:
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205

Ascertain the extent and timing of impacts on surface water systems from
groundwater extraction on all aquifers;

Determine acceptable groundwater pumping-induced reductions inflow in
surface water systems at both local and basin scale; and

Identify wetlands that benefit from groundwater and what pumping induced
changes In groundwater levels would have an acceptable impact on the
wetland.
As evidenced by the Final Report 2, the program has met all the outcomes in a majority
of priority basins identified. This is acceptable because as information was gathered,
new focus areas were identified. There were some changes in scope and these were
agreed to by the Project Steering Committee.
All areas within the Murray Basin were addressed as part of this study. In the Otway
Basin, the Hawkesdale GMA was specifically assessed. The Newlingrook and Jan Juc
GMAs were not assessed because these were separately funded through the Central
Sustainable Water Strategy (2009). No studies were undertaken in the Nullawarre
Water Supply Protection Area (WSPA), as other priorities were identified. The changes
in scope were agreed by the Project Steering Committee. Additional areas assessed in
the program are:

Murray Basin: Lower Ovens, Kinglake, Alexandra

Otway Basin: Paaratte, Portland and Glenelg.

Port Phillip Basin: Moorabbin, Frankston and Nepean.
Groundwater Resource Assessments - Establish Environmental Water Reserves
for aquifers taking account of surface and groundwater interactions and the
needs of groundwater dependent ecosystems where appropriate: and
Final Report 1 describes the process where by the Environmental Water Reserve
(EWR) framework was developed and trials into the use of EWR were undertaken. The
framework aims to minimise the impact of groundwater extraction on groundwater
dependant ecosystems (GDE).
Trials were conducted in the Glenelg Hopkins region and the North Central Catchment
Management Authority (CMA) region. The trials managed to identify the specific issues
facing the GDEs. Once the trials were complete, a process was developed that would
allow the establishment of EWRs in other aquifers. However, ERWs have not been
formally established in all priority Groundwater Management Areas.
Statewide mapping of potential GDEs was also completed. The information was used to
create generalised trigger level methodology so that EWR can be applied on a broader
scale (Sourced from Milestone report 6).
Although ERWs are not currently established, the project has developed the tools for
them to be established in the future.
Groundwater Resource Assessments - Design groundwater management rules to
manage pumping-induced local impacts; and progress water trading between
groundwater and surface water systems.
There is minimal reference to this outcome within the project documentation, Progress
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206
Report 4 suggests that the groundwater management rules were being developed and
would be completed by June 2009.
Based on the review of selected Groundwater Resource Appraisal (GRA) documents, it
is apparent that assessment of resources management requirements, aquifer
boundaries (and administration zones) and resource availability were addressed in the
project.
Latrobe Aquifer Investigations:

Further research risks from falling groundwater levels, surface
water/groundwater interaction, subsidence, and environmental impacts on the
Gippsland Lakes:

Extend the conceptual hydrogeological model to include oil and gas
groundwater information; and

Develop a numerical groundwater model of the Gippsland Basin.
This study has substantially increased the understanding of groundwater flow within the
Latrobe Group aquifer. The use of the latest information available from the Department
of Primary Industries enabled analysis of faulting; subsequent impacts on groundwater
flow represent state of the art appraisals.
There is evidence to suggest that the conceptual models and been expanded to include
oil and gas groundwater information. It is also apparent that a feasibility assessment
has been made on a numerical groundwater model to cover the Latrobe Group Aquifer
System.
Final Report 3 states:
“In July 2010, the Project Steering Committee, on recommendation of DSE, agreed not
to proceed with the development of a numerical model due to:

additional work to be done to establish the best numerical modelling project, and this
could not be done in the timeframe necessary to meet NWI funding deadlines; and

the requirement for DSE to continue to follow-up options for co-funding activities in
the Gippsland Basin with the Department of Primary Industries (DPI), Victoria, the
state managers of oil, gas and coal extraction.”
Latrobe Aquifer Monitoring investigations - Review the monitoring needs and the
condition of the local monitoring network so as to enable ongoing assessment of
the condition of the aquifer; and repair and upgrade the local bore network as
necessary.
Works to address the monitoring needs and condition of the local monitoring network
have been completed as part of this program. The program engaged a number of
consultants to assess the condition of observation bores in the network.
Repairs were then prioritised and a number of bore refurbishments made to allow for
monitoring of the Latrobe Group Aquifer. New bores were also installed to resolve gaps
in monitoring the aquifer. Final Report 4 evidences the completion of these activities
and lists the bores which underwent refurbishment.
Latrobe Aquifer Impact investigations - Assess socio-economic impacts on
Yarram irrigators and the region from falling water levels; and provide information
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207
on assistance measures to address impacts on the irrigators.
It is apparent from the Final Report 3 that this outcome has been addressed through a
different project.
Groundwater Health Index:

Develop a draft methodology by way of literature review, development of
discussion paper and peer review;

Undertake desktop trial of methodology in a groundwater management area
where existing information is reasonably developed and refine methodology;

Assess existing information against methodology and identify crucial data
gaps;

Publication of materials and communications strategy.
Project progress reports describe elements of this project being completed.
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Six half day workshops were conducted to discuss each trial area in depth and agree on
the sampling methodology. These workshops were attended by academics and the
project team.
The methodology was subsequently developed and refined through trial in pilot areas. A
gap analysis was then undertaken.
According to Milestone Report 5, 90% of this task was completed by December 2009
but there is insufficient information assess if this has been subsequently completed.
Groundwater Quality Snapshot:
 Determine methodology for snapshot (type and location of bores, information
to be assessed)

Engage consultants;

Undertake analysis and review results;

Prepare report and publication materials.
Although there is limited detail as to what has been conducted in the completion of the
Groundwater Snapshot, Milestone Report 4 indicates that the third and final Milestone of
the project is completed. Therefore, in the context of limited documentation it can be
inferred that this has been completed.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
Improved understanding of Victoria’s aquifers: Understanding of Victoria’s aquifers
has been enhanced through research and analysis tasks completed. The improvement
of the Latrobe Group Aquifer Monitoring Network through drilling and refurbishment of
bores will allow for better understanding of that system. In addition work done to map
Victoria’s GDEs has been conducted which gives a state wide appreciation of these in
terms of groundwater management issues.
Adaptive approach to management: The development of management associated
with Environmental Water Reserves (EWR) and groundwater extraction rules
demonstrates adaptive approaches. The Health Index product is another adaptive
approach which can be applied.
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208
Enable improvements to be made in water accounting, compliance with licence
volumes and water sharing: Groundwater Resource Appraisals undertaken as part of
this project give water budgets, allowable extraction levels and aquifer boundaries, this
information is critical for water accounting. In addition the improved Latrobe Group
Aquifer Monitoring Networks will allow for better management and accounting in that
system.
Facilitate assessment of the groundwater component of the environmental water
reserve: Maps, methodologies and guidelines have been developed to allow for the
management of resources using the EWR method.
Assess impacts and issues from falling groundwater levels in the Latrobe aquifer:
The improved monitoring infrastructure in the Latrobe Group Aquifer will enable better
information available about declines in the water levels. This information will able to be
used in conjunction with identified GDEs to assess impacts. In addition, impacts of
seawater intrusion into the aquifer has also been identified as an issue and an
investigation into possible impacts have been documented.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
5. Manage surface and groundwater as connected systems
The development of methodology to assess groundwater dependant ecosystems makes
it apparent that this project has addressed the management of water as a connected
groundwater/surface water systems. The Environmental Water Reserve (EWR)
methodology is a tool which was developed to monitor potential interaction between
groundwater and surface water in relation to fulfilling environmental water requirements.
The EWR can be utilised in water management, ensuring the relationship between
groundwater and surface water is recognised through continued assessment GDEs.
The methodology of the EWR process was further enhanced by the creation of state
wide groundwater dependant ecosystem maps which has encouraged surfacegroundwater integrated management in numerous areas around the state. In addition
Groundwater Resource Appraisals that were undertaken as part of the program give
information regarding the groundwater and surface water interaction that inform
integrated management.
It is apparent from the outcomes of the various sub projects that the program has been
as a whole highly consistent in addressing the management of surface and groundwater
as connected systems.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying mapping of groundwater dependant ecosystems in Victoria.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
groundwater dependant ecosystem understanding into groundwater management
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An outcome of the project has been the creation of maps identifying GDEs in
Victoria. At the time no such maps existed, the represent an advance in the science
through the identification of GDEs and creating of maps that are available and
useable for groundwater managers around Victoria.
209
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
and resource assessment standard practices or processes.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying groundwater Environmental Water Reserve methodology in
groundwater management.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
groundwater Environmental Water Reserve methodology in groundwater
management.
The methodology and awareness created through the project has seen the
increased uptake in focus on GDEs in the management of groundwater resources.
The state wide GDE maps have given the industry a ready-to-use resource which
has meant that GDE assessments have become standard practise.
The project developed and trialled new methods for groundwater allocation
management. This has advanced practises in the field by creating an additional tool
available for resource managers.
There is limited evidence of an increase in uptake as a result of this project.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
Delays occurred in the project, with SEWPaC demonstrating support and flexibility
by allowing 2 variations to milestone dates. There were also several reallocations of
funds within the project required, which SEWPaC allowed.
In addition the total project funding was reduced from $8.5 million to $6.6 million due
to changes in scope and delivery outcomes, this major change was agreed to by
SEWPaC demonstrating adaptability in the face of changing circumstances.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
No unexpected outcomes presented in the available documentation.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
In regard to the Groundwater Resource Appraisals, the Technical Review Group
processes worked well, but were not implemented until a year into the project. An
opportunity for improvement is to establish Technical Reviews at project inception,
to better direct project tasks.
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210
6
NWI Objective 6: Protected
surface water and groundwater
systems of high conservation
value
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211
Project Title
6.1
Project
Proponent
NSW: Braidwood
Sewage Treatment
Plant
Date Funding
Agreement signed
7/4/2009
Palerang Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Not dated
Project Location
Sandholes Rd, Braidwood
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$3,300,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$7,903,225
NWI Objective/s
2. Encourage reuse and recycling
6. Protect surface water and groundwater systems of high conservation value
Project Summary Description
This project funded the construction of a new sewage treatment plant in Braidwood NSW. Palerang Council
had decided to replace the existing plant due to the age and inadequate function of some elements of the
existing system and to ensure compliance with Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) licensing
requirements. The construction of the new sewage treatment plant has been completed and it is now in
operation. No information has been provided to indicate whether the project has resulted in the production of
effluent that meets the relevant licence conditions or whether ancillary works have been completed.
Project Objective/s
The objective of the Project is to provide a modern sewage treatment plant for Braidwood that produces high
quality effluent suitable for discharge to the Shoalhaven River drinking water catchment and that will meet
licence conditions of the NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change(DECC) and the Sydney
Catchment Authority.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Establish the Intermittently Decanted Extended Aeration (IDEA) Plant
Progress reports indicate this activity was commenced and completed, however it
appears some documentation detailing project completion was not available for review.
Also all progress reports provided refer to attachments that provide evidence of activity
completion; however, these attachments were not available for review.
It is generally inferred that this activity has been completed, however appropriate
documentation to substantiate this is lacking.
Arrangements for upgrading of electricity supply to site
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This component is reported as 71% completed in the fifth progress report and all project
elements as being completed by the Final Report in late 2010.
Demolition and Removal of Superfluous Structures and Plant
There is no direct reference to this component in the progress reports; however the
project is reported as being completed by the Final Progress Report in late 2010. It is
inferred that this component was also completed.
Truck Wash Storage Pond Construction
There is no reference to this component in the progress reports; however the project is
reported as being completed by the Final Progress Report in late 2010. It is inferred that
this component was also completed.
Emergency Overflow Storage Pond Construction
There is no direct reference to this component in the progress reports; however the
project is reported as being completed by the Final Progress Report in late 2010. It is
inferred that this component was also completed.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project objective, as stated above, has been met. The project was constructed and
is currently in operation. There was little discussion in the progress reports or final report
in regard to commissioning; however, the final report states “the new plant was
constructed to a high standard and is operating satisfactorily to achieve high quality
effluent that meets licence conditions”.
No documentation was provided in support of this statement, however, in the regard to
the scope of this review it is assumed this project has met its licence conditions and
does meet its objectives.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
Primary NWI Objective: 2. Encourage reuse and recycling
There is no evidence provided that this project meets this NWI objective. Information
regarding, for instance, whether the new plant processes more effluent than the
previous system etc. that would indicate an “encouragement of reuse and recycling” is
not provided.
There is also no documentation provided that outlines how the project was initially set up
to achieve these objectives, i.e. what are the measurable outcomes to indicate it has
been met.
Secondary NWI Objective: 6. Protect surface water and groundwater systems of high
conservation value
The project has been consistent with this objective in that it protects the Shoalhaven
River drinking water catchment through the improvement of the quality of the waste
water discharged into the environment.
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Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
There is no evidence in the available documentation that the project has advanced
sewage treatment technology.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
There is no evidence in the available documentation that the project has contributed
to an increase in sewage treatment technology.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
There is no evidence in the available documentation that the project has advanced
sewage treatment practices.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
the improvement of water quality output into sewage treatment plant standard
practices or processes.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as the discharge of waste
water to the environment.
The project has improved the treatment practices that were historically in place so
as to meet EPA discharge licensing requirements.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
WSA has been involved in receiving, reviewing and approval (or otherwise) of both
negative and positive variations throughout the course of the project. This indicates
that project “value for money” was being actively managed.
Due to adverse weather conditions a 3 month delay in project completion was
approved by WSA
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
Not clear from the available documentation.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
No lessons learned were documented. Final report states “there were no significant
issues”.
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Project Title
6.2
Project Proponent
NSW: HawkesburyNepean River
Recovery Project
Date Funding
Agreement signed
15/4/200
9
NSW Department of
Environment and Climate
Change
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Septemb
er 2011
(Expecte
d)
Project Location
Hawkesbury Catchment NSW
State
NSW
Australian Government
Contribution (GST Excl.)
$66,107,030
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
TBA
NWI Objective/s
6. Protect surface water and groundwater systems of high conservation
value
Project Summary Description
The Hawkesbury-Nepean River Recovery Project aims to improve river health below the major water supply
dams by increasing the water available for environmental flows in the river and by reducing nutrient loads
exported to the river in stormwater, agricultural runoff and sewage effluent. The Hawkesbury-Nepean River
Recovery Project also sought to engage and involve all levels of government and landholders in the
catchment during the implementation of the Project.
The project consisted of the implementation of 8 programs which contributed to the overall objectives. These
were:

Nutrient Smart Management Program;

Improving Hawkesbury Nepean Water Balance Accounting Program;

Irrigation and Landscape Efficiency Program;

Licence Purchase Program;

Water Smart Farms Program;

Hawkesbury City Council South Windsor Effluent Reuse Program; and

Nutrient Export Monitoring Program.
To assist with the implementation of the Nutrient Smart Management Program involved the development of a
Communication Plan through which 6,781 landholders were engaged in field days. This resulted in negotiation
and approval of 127 projects to reduce nutrient loads by introducing re-vegetation, erosion control, mulching
for nutrient retention, stock exclusion fencing and off stream watering points installation. Through the project, it
is estimated that there has been a reduction of 48.6 tonnes of nutrient per year, exceeding this program
objectives.
According to the NSW Government & Heritage website, through the implementation of the Licence Purchase
Program, 4.9 GL of water access licences have been purchased (accessed 8/6/12). The program has
significantly exceeded expected outcomes.
Insufficient information is provided to understand whether the remaining 6 programs implemented have met
the project objectives.
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Project Objective/s

Legally securing 7.24 gigalitres per year for additional environmental flows in the Hawkesbury-Nepean river
system below the major dams and for increasing Sydney’s water supply security (where NSW Water
Savings Funds are used). The water savings for additional environmental flows will be secured under the
Water Management Act 2000 (NSW) (section 8). The Water Management Act 2000 (NSW) provides the
legal mechanism which enables the protection and accounting of reduced river extractions or potable water
savings achieved through the Project;

Reducing nutrient inputs to the river system by at least 48.2 tonnes per year; and

Achieving these quantitative outcomes by engaging with relevant state agencies, local government and
landholders across the Hawkesbury-Nepean catchment.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project Outcomes been
achieved?
Not Met
Partially
met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficien
t info
Nutrient Smart Management Program

Funding deed identified nine outcomes relating to engagement of landholders, onground works and production of maps and display material;

There are no specific objectives relating to legally securing water entitlements;

The program aims to achieved a reduction of 27 tonnes of nitrogen and 6 tonnes of
phosphorus per year exported to the river system;

The program aims to engage stakeholders in the program through field days and in onground works program.
Evidenced in Attachment A of Progress Report 6, 781 landholders were engaged in field days
through the Communication Plan. These resulted in negotiation and approval of 127 projects
which would reduce nutrient loads by introducing re-vegetation, erosion control, mulching for
nutrient retention, stock exclusion fencing and off stream watering points installation.
It is estimated the project has delivered a reduction of:

40,511kg nitrogen / year

8,114 kg phosphorus / year
Totalling in 48.6 tonnes in reductions per year, exceeding this program objectives.
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Improving Hawkesbury Nepean Water Balance Accounting Program

Funding deed identified nine outcomes relating to improved metering, accounting and
administration of water use and entitlements;

The program aims to achieve 2.85 GL of water savings, although these will not be
legally secured;

The program aims to achieve a reduction of 1.4 tonnes of nitrogen and 0.1 tonne of
phosphorus per year exported to the river system;

There are no explicit objectives relating to stakeholder engagement.
The last progress report with information about the water balance accounting program is dated
September 2010. It suggests that everything was on schedule with 48% of the approximate 2000
meters installed. None of the progress reports identify the amount of water savings or reductions
in nitrogen and phosphorous exports which were achieved by the Improving Hawkesbury Nepean
Water Balance Accounting Program. Without further information it is not possible to assess if the
water savings and nutrient reduction objectives have been achieved. Therefore this component is
considered only partially met.
Irrigation and Landscape Efficiency Program

Funding deed identified one objective relating to the use of improved irrigation
technology, land and site management to create water savings. The on-ground
improvement measures were to be funded on a 50:50 basis between the project and
landowners;

The program aims make 1.06 GL per year of potable water savings through efficient
infrastructure;

There are no explicit objectives relating to reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus
export to the river system;

There are no explicit objectives relating to stakeholder engagement.
Unknown/
Insufficien
t info
As of the last available progress report, investigation into possible savings on properties were
continuing with the investigations expected to being completed by the end of December 2010.
Projects in Sutherland, Marrickville, Willoughby and North Sydney Council areas were in the final
stages of construction.
There is no documentation of the water savings realised from this program.
Licence Purchase Program

The funding deed identified two objectives relating to the purchasing water for the
environment, stimulating water trading and gauging the market value of water.

The program aims to purchase of 3 GL of entitlements for the environment which would
reduce extractions by approximately 1.68 GL;

There are no explicit objectives relating to nitrogen and phosphorous export;

There are no explicit objectives relating to stakeholder engagement.
4.9 GL of water access licences have been purchased according to the NSW Government &
Heritage website (accessed 8/6/12). The program has significantly exceeded expected
outcomes.(http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/environmentalwater/HawkesburyNepeanRive
rRecovery.htm)
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Water Smart Farms Program

The funding deed identified three objectives relating to the improvement of irrigation
efficiency, knowledge and operating methods of participating landholders;

The program aims to make 5.9 GL of water savings at irrigated farms, 4.4 GL of which
would be legally secured for environmental flows and 1.5 GL would remain with the
participating entitlement holders;

The program aims to achieved a reduction of 11.8 tonnes of nitrogen and 1.2 tonne of
phosphorus per year exported to the river system;

The program aims to engage landholders in extension program to improve
management practices through field days and other events.
As of the latest progress report available, 2.32 GL of water savings have been identified by the
program through water audits and 0.94 GL of water saving have been secured through on the
ground works. 135 landholders have been engaged in the SMS irrigation service, 55 training
events have been held and 55 monitoring and evaluation activities have been conducted.
The final outcome of the program is not included in the available documentation therefore more
information is required to assess its completion.
Hawkesbury City Council South Windsor Effluent Reuse Scheme

The funding deed identified three objectives relating to the replacing potable water with
treated effluent, reducing releases to the Hawkesbury River system and increasing
social benefits through use of the recycled water;

The program aims to replace 0.1 GL of potable water with treated effluent from the
South Windsor sewage treatment plant;

The program aims to achieved a reduction of 0.44 tonnes of nitrogen per year exported
to the river system;

There are no explicit objectives relating to stakeholder engagement.
Unknown/
Insufficien
t info
The preparation of the design and construction tender for the water treatment plant was
completed and the work was out to tender according to the available final progress report.
Currently it is not possible assess if the tender process was completed and the plant was
constructed. In order to evaluate the program against the water saving and nutrient reduction
objectives, more information is required.
Nutrient Export Monitoring Program

The funding deed identified three objectives relating to the quantifying nutrient export
of primary industries in the Hawkesbury-Nepean catchment and quantifying the
reductions in export of nutrients from the various programs;

There are no explicit objectives relating to legally securing water entitlements;

There are no explicit objectives relating to nitrogen and phosphorous export;

There are no explicit objectives relating to stakeholder engagement.
Unknown/
Insufficien
t info
The team conducted field days with the Nutrient Smart Management Program in order to gather
on the ground information about the best ways to monitor the export quantities. The Nutrient
Export Monitoring Program team prepared for engagement with the public, by planning a stall at
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the “Farming Small Areas Expo”. At present it is unclear if the program has met its objective of
quantifying nutrient export levels and reductions, more information is required.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project Objectives?

Legally securing 7.24 gigalitres per year water entitlements for the environment:
Documentation available indicates that 5.8 GL of water savings were secured for the
environment.

Reducing nutrient inputs to the river system by at least 48.2 tonnes per year: This objective
has been met, the Nutrient Smart Management Program reduced nitrogen and phosphorous
export by 48.6 tonnes per year. This objective has been met and likely to have been
succeeded by the project.

Engaging relevant stakeholders: The eight programs have engaged stakeholder in a
number of ways. Much of this has occurred through field days and information sessions but
local councils have also been engaged, particularly in the Irrigation and Landscape Efficiency
Program.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any applicable
secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 6. Protect surface water and groundwater systems of high conservation value
From the project application it was clear that the Hawkesbury-Nepean River system is of high
conservational value, is very significant economically and in providing drinking water to Sydney. It
is therefore consistent with the NWI objective that this system is targeted for protection.
The program has resulted in water savings and nutrient export reductions which will lead to
increased river health and reduced occurrence of algal blooms as well as other ecologically
damaging events. Therefore the program has been consistent in protecting a surface water
system of high ecological value.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased or
advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies in water
use in the water industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best
techniques for applying predictive nutrient export models in the Hawkesbury
Nepean River system.
As part of this project rigorous predictive models of nutrient export rates and
reductions levels have been developed using data specifically collected
data. This have advanced the state of development of models in this field.
Has the project increased or
advanced the uptake of
technology/ technologies in water
use in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating accurate digital water meters into irrigation water accounting
and management standard practices or processes.
Through the installation of 2000 remote water meters on irrigator off takes it
has increased the uptake of these technologies in water management and
accounting.
Has the project increased or
advanced the state of
development of practices in
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No advancement in the state of development of water use practices has
been made as part of this project; the processes for purchase of water
219
relation to water use in the water
industry?
entitlements and the implementation of efficient infrastructure are mature in
the NSW water industry.
Has the project increased or
advanced the uptake of
practices in water use in the
water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating digital assessment of crop needs and SMS delivery of
information into irrigation management standard practices or processes.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as crop irrigation.
As part of the Water Smart Farms Program, a SMS delivered irrigation
management guide was implemented by many irrigators in the Hawkesbury
Nepean system. The irrigation management guide used local weather
station information and crop models to provide advice to irrigators about
when water was required by crops, reducing water wastage in untimely and
over watering.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA provided
support to project proponents to
adapt to changing circumstances?
There was an issue with water saving volumes for the Water Smart Farms
project. It was initially estimated that the 1.5 GL could be saved through the
scheme but only 200ML of saving was able to be met, a variation to redirect
funds to secure water saving through the Licence Purchase project was
made to WSA. WSA understood the difficulties in meeting this outcome and
allowed extra flexibility that the transfer would give. A further adjustment of
funds was also allowed by WSA in directing project savings into funding
upgrade the solar-powered flow meter transmitters.
Were there any unexpected
outcomes resulting from the
project, technically, institutionally,
or in regard to achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
No unexpected outcomes were documented.
Describe any lessons learned
from the project in regard to
implementation of the project itself
or the administration of the project
by the Department
Documentation has not been available that specifies lessons learned
through the project’s implementation.
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Project Title
6.3
Project
Proponent
NSW: Rivers
Environmental
Restoration Program
Date Funding
Agreement signed
20/9/2007
NSW Department of
Environment, Climate Change
and Water NSW
Date Completed
(final/last report)
March 2011
(final report)
Project Location
Macquarie, Gwydir, Murrumbidgee,
Lachlan and Namoi regulated Rivers and
the Narran River and Lakes as other
areas.
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$79,620,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$181,120,000
NWI Objective/s
6. Protect surface water and groundwater systems of high conservation value
Project Summary Description
The project was developed to arrest the decline of the most stressed and iconic rivers and wetlands in NSW
through market based water recovery focused on the voluntary acquisition and effective, active management
of environmental water. This was achieved though the implementation of a number of programs in the
Macquarie, Gwydir, Murrumbidgee, Lachlan and Namoi regulated Rivers and the Narran River and Lakes.
Through the project, over 108,000 ML of Water Access Licences (WAL) have been purchased through the
programme for environmental water application in targeted wetlands.
Targeted wetland digital elevation models were developed and used to produce the hydraulic and hydrologic
models for the key target wetlands of the Macquarie Marshes, Gwydir Wetlands and Lowbidgee Wetlands.
Modelling of the ecological response to environmental flows and monitoring of specific events has been
undertaken. The information gathered has been used in the adaptive management of the wetland assets and
the calibration of ecosystem models and decision support tools.
Decision Support Systems have been developed for Gwydir Wetlands, Macquarie Marshes, Lowbidgee
Floodplain and Narran Lakes, allowing the prediction of the likely ecological response of key species to
different watering scenarios. The Decision Support Systems are a product of the integration of Rivers
Environmental Restoration Program scientific research with other complementary research into a single tool
that can support a transparent and scientifically rigorous decision-making process.
Existing river regulating infrastructure has been removed, augmented or upgraded and new infrastructure has
been installed to ensure better delivery of environmental water by removing barriers to environmental flows
and fish passage and improving the delivery of water to environmental assets while minimising environmental
impacts.
Landholders whose properties contained wetlands of high conservation value were engaged in the creation of
perpetual Conservation Agreements and voluntary wildlife refuges. The management programs specify the
land management objectives and monitoring requirements. Grazing management training opportunities have
also been provided to landholders that have wetlands of high conservation value on their properties.
The project has also facilitated engagement with Aboriginal groups, particularly in the Lowbidgee Floodplains.
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Project Objective/s

Enable better use of environmental water, by improving our understanding of the water needs of stressed
systems, demonstrating the ecological outcomes of environmental water management, and increasing our
capacity for adaptive management and efficient use of water for the environment.

Ensure better delivery of environmental water, by removing barriers to environmental flows and fish
passage, constructing works to allow water to be efficiently delivered to environmental assets, and finding
innovative ways to minimise the environmental impacts of our water delivery systems

Boost the benefits of environmental water on private land, by providing landholders with the means to
complement the objectives of environmental watering through innovative management practices.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Commercial acquisition of environmental water in inland rivers, and other rivers
of high conservation value, and adaptive management of environmental water in
accordance with valley water use plans.
This activity will also target the acquisition of environmental water in rivers where
particularly high conservation values may be threatened by over-extraction (in
both upstream unregulated inland and coastal systems).
The final report indicates that over 108,000 ML of Water Access Licences (WAL) have
been purchased through the programme for environmental water application in targeted
wetlands.
Implementation of adaptive management principles described in other elements below.
Digital Elevation Modelling for key target wetlands, using satellite and aerial
survey information, to provide the fundamental knowledge base for optimising
use of environmental water.
Target wetland Digital Elevation Models (DEM) were scheduled to be developed,
detailed in the program Implementation Strategy 2008-09. There is no information
stating that the DEMs have been established. However, the development of models is
highly likely given that subsequent hydraulic and ecological response models rely on the
DEMs.
Development of detailed hydraulic models of water distribution in target wetlands,
to better determine the relationship between environmental flow releases and the
extent and duration of inundation at key wetlands.
Hydraulic and hydrologic models were developed for key target wetlands as evidenced
by the final program report and progress report 6. These models focused on the
Macquarie Marshes, Gwydir Wetlands and Lowbidgee Wetlands.
Development of predictive model for ecological response to flows for targeted
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222
wetlands, to allow the management of environmental water to be targeted at
specific environmental outcomes.
Progress report 6 details the fish, frog and bird habitat surveys that have contributed to
the ecosystem response models. The models were mostly conceptual, drawing on the
environmental inundation level and duration requirements gathered in the ecology
surveys. The final report describes the models as planning tools which assist in
“providing an indication of the likely ecological response of key species to watering
events”.
Monitoring of ecological response of specific flow events at target wetlands to
confirm the effect of environmental releases and to refine the predictive model.
The final report describes the process of the monitoring of environmental flows which
has taken place in targeted valleys. The monitoring of flow events covered a broad
spectrum of ecosystem process including breeding studies of migratory birds, fish and
frogs. The information gathered has been used in the adaptive management of the
wetland assets and the calibration of ecosystem models and decision support tools.
Development of accessible and practical decision support systems to enable
Government and the community to make sound and informed decisions regarding
the management of environmental water.
“Decision Support Systems” have been developed for Gwydir Wetlands, Macquarie
Marshes, Lowbidgee Floodplain and Narran Lakes, allowing the prediction of the likely
ecological response of key species to different watering scenarios. According to the final
report these decision tools “allows environmental water and asset managers to
determine the optimum volume and timing of water releases in support of key species”.
The Decision Support Systems are a product of the integration of Rivers Environmental
Restoration Program scientific research with other complementary research into a single
tool that can support a transparent and scientifically rigorous decision-making process.
Installation of regulators at key sites to reinstate more natural flow regimes to
significant environmental assets.
According to the final report:

“Regulators have been constructed on the Muggabah and Merrimajeel creeks to
control unseasonal flows and provide water at required times.”

“Ten regulating structures and ten floodways have been constructed and 40 preexisting embankments have been breached on Yanga National Park to improve the
distribution of environmental flows.”

“Regulators have been constructed on the Yanco Creek system (Mollys Lagoon/Dry
Lake and Gum Hole/ Possum Creek) to enable the natural wetting and drying of
these wetlands.”
Feasibility assessment of infrastructure options to mitigate the impacts of cold
water releases from major dams.
Detailed concept designs of infrastructure to reduce the cold water pollution of
Burrendong Dam releases (flowing curtain concept) has been completed as part of the
program. The final program report includes a concept drawing for the innovative
infrastructure project system.
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Augmentation of existing fish-ways to allow native fish migration at key sites.
The final report states that:

“Fishways have been constructed at Marebone and Tarabah weirs.”

“Fishways have been designed for Lake Brewster, Tyreel Weir, Tyreel Regulator,
Tareelaroi Weir and Boolooroo Weir; some of these fishways will be constructed
under State Water’s dam construction offset program.”

“When constructed, these fishways will connect the Barwon River to Copeton Dam
and provide free fish passage through 350 kilometres of river system.”
Investigation, trial and implementation of protocols for the operation of water
delivery systems to better mimic natural flows and secure water savings for the
environment.
Implementation strategy 2008-09 describes tasks which would be undertaken in the
investigation and implementation of protocols which will maximise the environmental
outcomes from regulated flow, environmental water and supplementary events. The
protocols would utilise “always on/real time” flow data management to gain the
environmental benefits.
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Although the tasks were scheduled there is no further evidence that the tasks were
completed. More information is required to assess the state of the outcome.
Removal of weirs at priority sites to improve the delivery of environmental flows.
The two projects within the program involved the removal of the Wanganella Homestead
Weir and the Two Mile Weir. As described in the final program report, the removal of the
two weirs will enable better interconnection between the wetlands and facilitate a more
natural delivery of environmental water flows.
Removal of system chokes to improve delivery of environmental flows and secure
water savings for the environment.
As evidenced by the final program report; 40 pre-existing embankments have been
breached on Yanga National Park to improve the distribution of environmental flows.
Works to remove bank and channels to reinstate the flow of floodwater across
floodplains in the Pillicawarrina have also been completed as documented in the final
report.
Securing improved wetland management on private land through perpetual
Conservation Agreements and voluntary wildlife refuges.
As part of Subprogram IV landholders were engaged in the program whose properties
contained wetlands of high conservation value. The final program report describes the
creation management programs which specify the land management objectives and
monitoring requirements. Grazing management training opportunities have also been
provided to landholders that have wetlands of high conservation value on their
properties.
Facilitating opportunities for Aboriginal groups to record their use of wetlands
and participate in culturally significant wetland activities.
The program has facilitated engagement with Aboriginal groups, particularly in the
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Lowbidgee Floodplains. The final report describes what engagement activities have
taken place:

“20 Aboriginal people have participated in a project to identify and record culturally
significant sites across the Lowbidgee Floodplain to document the connection of
Aboriginal communities to wetlands.”

“The oral histories of 10 Aboriginal people were also recorded, highlighting the deep
connection of Aboriginal people to wetlands of the Lowbidgee Floodplain (Waters
Consultancy 2011). A number of people have identified the reduction of culturally
significant plant and animal species in and around the wetlands due to reduced
flows. Others have highlighted stories of Aboriginal people working on various
wetland properties, the lack of Aboriginal people participating in water management
and the importance of revitalising the diversity of cultural and natural values through
targeted watering.”
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
Enable better use of environmental water: This objective has been achieved through
the amount of research which has been conducted into understanding the ecological
processes in the key targeted wetlands. From the information collected various models
and decision support tools have been developed which assist in environmental water
being used effectively. These tools are being used by environmental flow managers.
Ensure better delivery of environmental water: The program has included removal of
a number of barriers to flows, construction and design of fishways and the construction
of ten regulators in the targeted wetlands. These capital works allow better delivery and
higher impact of environmental water.
Boost the benefits of environmental water on private land: Private landholder
engagement has been a major focus of the program. Over 15 management plans have
been created with input from landholders, training has been offered for improved farming
practises. The active engagement of landholders has been a significant milestone in the
delivery of this program.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 6. Protect surface water and groundwater systems of high conservation
value
The program has identified and investigated wetlands of high conservation value. The
program has also conducted research to create decision making tools to manage the
wetlands in a way that will enhance and protect ecological health. In addition the
program included a number of projects which installed infrastructure to conserve the
wetlands attributes.
All of these outcomes have been highly consistent with the NWI objective of protecting
systems of high conservation value.
The program has also been consistent with the NWI Objective 8, which is the returning
of over allocated system to sustainable levels of extraction. The program has purchased
large volumes of water entitlement and allowed environmental water to be delivered
more efficiently. This has resulted in the systems returning closer to sustainable levels
23/14220/68110
225
of extraction.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying new understanding of wetlands and the creation of number of models to
enable better wetland management.
Research undertaken as part of the program represents major advances in the
science of NSW wetland ecology. This understanding enabled the creation of new
ecological response models that have shaped the adaptive management of the
wetlands.
In addition development of techniques to use satellite imagery to improve the model
calibration for the wetlands has occurred as part of the project. This has advanced
the technology available for hydrologic model calibration.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
more advanced ecological response models as wetland management standard
practice.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying decision support systems in targeted wetlands Water use practices, in
relation to this project, is defined as environmental water flows.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
sustainable grazing management into Aboriginal stakeholder engagement in
wetlands standard practices or processes.
Given the large scale of this program, there has been a notable increase in the
uptake of river and wetland management technology in NSW.
The project has developed new protocols and decision making tools to enable better
under “real time” management of environmental flows in wetlands. This has
advanced the practises of wetland management in NSW.
The engagement with landholders and development of management plans has
increased the uptake of sustainable grazing techniques in wetland areas in NSW.
The program has incorporated a number of elements of Aboriginal stakeholder
engagement. As part of the program 20 Aboriginal people have been trained in skills
to record oral histories, allowing further uptake of this technique of research and
engagement.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
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The flexibility and support for the program by Water Smart Australia has been shown
on 3 occasions:

The program was extended out into 2011/12 to enable it to meet its objectives;
this represented the flexibility to allow more federal funding and extended
timelines.

In addition the program funding was increased to allow for the purchase of an
additional property which has been identified as containing a wetland of high
conservation value.
226

The engagement of landholders was more complicated than expected landholders were willing to consider long-term conservation agreements but not
conservation covenants. This negotiations created delays in the project.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
No unexpected outcomes were documented.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department

Concurrent, coordinated and strategic investment in increasing the environment’s
share of available water resources, in combination with management science,
water delivery and ecosystem restoration infrastructure, landholder engagement,
engagement of Aboriginal communities and high conservation value wetland land
purchase creates synergies that provide returns considerably greater than the
sum of their parts.

The purchase of Water Access Licences from willing sellers is now recognised as
a legitimate and effective mechanism to redress over allocation in our river
systems.

Wetlands are complex systems and our scientific knowledge cannot yet
encompass the breadth and scale of the physical and ecological interactions
within them. Strategic, prioritised investment in research is required to develop
our understanding and further improve tools for adaptive management. To
ensure improved wetland health, research should produce outcomes that assist
wetland/asset managers.
Collaborative partnerships between researchers and wetland/asset managers are
critical to improving wetland health. •
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
Landholders who manage high conservation value wetlands are integral to the
success of government investment in environmental water and are receptive to
respectful, collaborative approaches from government.

Aboriginal communities maintain a deep connection to wetlands based on both
traditional and contemporary interactions. Aboriginal communities maintain an
eagerness to reconnect and engage in water and wetland management and to
develop a better knowledge of cultural practices that have been lost or dispersed
in the past 200 years.
227
Project Title
6.4
Project
Proponent
Department of Water. Land and
Biodiversity Conservation
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Project Location
Upper South East of South Australia
State
South
Australia
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$7,699,938
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$14,386,099
NWI Objective/s
6: Protect surface water and groundwater systems of high conservation value
SA: Restoring Flows to
the Wetlands of the
Upper South East of
South Australia
Date Funding
Agreement signed
17/03/2008
Project Summary Description
This project was completed as part of the Dryland Salinity and Flood Management Program (Upper South
East Program) that has been running for a period of 20 years. The Project involved the construction of two
large floodways to divert water to restore freshwater environmental flows to wetlands and watercourses which
have been deprived of natural flows since construction of drains in South East of SA in early 1900s. The
project also involved the development of covenanted agreements with relevant landholders to manage
reclaimed biodiversity assets.
Project Objective/s
The original specific objectives of the Project were to:
Construct two floodways, connected to 665 km of drains constructed under the Upper South East Dryland
Salinity and Flood Management Program, to enable diversion of water from:

Hacks Lagoon, along the Mosquito Creek Watercourse to Drain E, and into the Marcollat Watercourse
(Eastern Floodway); and

Drain M at Callendale along Baker’s Range Watercourse to the Fairview Drain, and across catchments to
the West Avenue Watercourse (Western Floodway).

Establish Management Agreements in perpetuity and Management Plans with landowners over a total of
5,000 ha in the Project area to commit on-ground works to improve the value of their biodiversity assets;
and

Restore a median annual flow to be 11 GL for environmental flows to valuable wetlands and watercourses
in the Upper South East.
These projects were significantly revised during the lifetime of the project. Refer to evaluation against project
outcomes/activities for variation details.
23/14220/68110
228
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
1. Construct two floodways, connected to 665 km of drains constructed under the
Upper South East Dryland Salinity and Flood Management Program, to enable
diversion of water from:

Hacks Lagoon, along the Mosquito Creek Watercourse to Drain E, and into the
Marcollat Watercourse (Eastern Floodway); and

Drain M at Callendale along Baker’s Range Watercourse to the Fairview Drain,
and across catchments to the West Avenue Watercourse (Western Floodway).
Construction of the Eastern and Drain E Upgrade Floodways (72 kilometres of floodway)
was removed from the project scope. This was due to the results from the South East
Science review (2010) that indicated a reduced streamflow by up to 50% in the region
which, as a result reduced the necessity for the Eastern floodway network. The project
also experienced higher than anticipated construction costs of the Western floodway
(including the Telowie Bypass Drain) and also incurred unplanned REFLOWS Project
Compensation costs. The funding agreement to reflect these changes was approved in
March 2011.
The Western and West Avenue Floodways were completed in May 2011. A total of 90
km was constructed compared to an estimated 80 km for these two floodway networks
and has enabled diversion of freshwater between the Ramsar listed sites Bool Lagoon
and the Coorong.
Establish Management Agreements in perpetuity and Management Plans with
landowners over a total of 5,000 ha in the Project area to commit on-ground works
to improve the value of their biodiversity assets; and
Variation was granted to reduce the Project area from 5,000 ha to 3,097 ha in June
2010. This was due to a lower than expected uptake of agreements by land owners and
most prime land areas already being secured under other biodiversity offset schemes
(Levy Biodiversity Offset schemes). Management agreements and management plans
were successfully negotiated with seven landholders covering 3,097 hectares of
biodiversity assets valued at $1.58 million. The landowners also agree to a 15 year
Management Plan that defines the practical ‘stewardship’ commitment to improve the
value of their biodiversity assets.
23/14220/68110
229
Restore a median annual flow to be 11 GL for environmental flows to valuable
wetlands and watercourses in the Upper South East.
The completion of the project outcome was not specifically addressed in the Final
Project Review and Completion report. Given the specific objective considers median
annual flows the evaluation of the project against this objective will need to be conducted
after a number of years.
The final Project Review and Completion Report, dated October 2011, indicates that
after one rainfall event diversions of 7.3 GL at a rate of 200 megalitres per day from
Drain M to the REFLOWS Western Floodway were made in Winter 2011, resulting in
inundation of 1,300 hectares of wetlands in the Bakers Range Watercourse. Diversion of
water from the Bakers Range to the West Avenue Watercourse via the Fairview Drain
and Bald Hill Floodway has inundated a further 630 hectares.
However, given the Eastern Floodway was not constructed and the regional streamflow
is expected to decrease by up to 50% (results from South East Science Review 2010) an
11 GL target for environmental flows to valuable wetlands and watercourses via the
drains constructed in this project may no longer be realistic and will need to be
reconsidered.
Based on the information provided the project has not addressed this issue.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
Variations have reduced the original scope significantly; however the project has
achieved the revised project objectives a. and b. The ability to accomplish project
objective c. requires reconsideration, although, based on one rainfall event significant
environmental flows to valuable wetlands and watercourses was achieved due to the
construction the floodways. Overall, the project has met the general intent it set out to
accomplish however its original scale has markedly decreased as a result of previously
unavailable climate information and unanticipated difficulties during construction.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 6. Protect surface water and groundwater systems of high conservation
value
The achievement of the project objectives have led to successful protection of surface
water and groundwater systems with high conservation value. The construction of the
western and west avenue floodways and subsequent diversion of 7.3 GL of flow to
Bakers Range and West Avenue floodway (inundating 1930 ha of wetlands with
freshwater) has led to the protection of surfacewater systems with high conservation
value. In addition the protection of floodplain habitats along the Marcollat, Bakers Range,
West Avenue and Tilley Swamp watercourses through the securement of a 15 year
stewardship arrangement has also enabled protection of surface water systems with
high conservation value.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
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Standard technologies and mechanisms were used to develop the floodway designs
230
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
and the management agreements, so the project did not advance the state of
development of wetland flow technology.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Standard technologies and mechanisms were used to develop the floodway designs
and the management agreements, so the project did not increase the uptake of
wetland flow technology.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
Water use practices, in relation to this project, correspond to the management
agreements developed with landholders. These agreements are standard and are
not considered to advance the state of development of water use across the State.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The project increased the uptake of standard practices within South Australia
including the securement of management agreements to assist in the protection of
hydrological system with high conservation values.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
WSA approved the removal of the Eastern Floodway construction and the reduction
of land to be secured under management agreements due to various changes in
circumstances during the lifetime of the project.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
In September 2010, the Upper South East (USE) Program Board considered the
priorities and issues for the completion of the REFLOWS Project. The discussion
identified a number of significant issues which would affect the Program’s ability to
deliver overall Project objectives. The issues considered included the findings of the
South East Science Review in June 2010 indicating reduced water availability under
current and future climate and land use patterns in the South East and resultantly,
the limited availability of the Eastern floodway to deliver supplementary freshwater
flows to the important wetlands of the Marcollat Watercourse. Other issues included
the identified environmental risk in Henry Creek and the proposed Telowie Bypass
Drain to address this risk, the increase in project costs due to the excessive rock
encountered during construction of the West Avenue Floodway and the lack of any
budget to cover the REFLOWS Project compensation costs.
Based on the above issues, the USE Program Board sought to identify options and
solutions to complete the REFLOWS Project and maximise the objective of
restoring freshwater environmental flows to wetlands in the Upper South East.
The Board resolved to endorse a recommendation not to proceed with the
construction of the Eastern Floodway and Drain E upgrade and endorse the
proposal to attempt to renegotiate the milestones for the REFLOWS Project to
reallocate funds to the construction of Telowie Bypass Drain (West Avenue) and to
cover shortfalls in the REFLOWS compensation requirements.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
23/14220/68110
The following lessons learnt were highlight in the Projects Final Project Review and
Completion Report:

Large program has intensive business support needs. Not meeting those needs
represents a risk to the project. All program resource requirements need to be
231
project by the
Department
23/14220/68110
identified and funded.

Rigorous contractor selection processes ensure that a sound working
relationship can be formed with contractors who are flexible, committed and who
deliver outstanding service and quality work.

Communications planning and the implementation of a formal communications
delivery project are essential when delivering a large and complex program that
affects people at a regional level. Also, maintaining the communications effort
and focus for the life of the project is equally as important.

A ‘learning through doing’ approach led to better drain design and construction
methods and an improved final result.

The avoidance of unplanned changes to program duration, budget and
deliverables was well managed within the program governance structure and
through the recruitment of competent project managers
232
7
NWI Objective 7: Provided
healthy, safe and reliable water
supplies
23/14220/68110
233
Project Title
7.1
Project
Proponent
NSW: Bega to Yellow
Pinch Water Transfer
System
Date Funding
Agreement signed
17/10/2007
Bega Valley Shire Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Final report
not received
Project Location
Bega Valley
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$10,000,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$20,656,612
NWI Objective/s
7. Provide healthy, safe and reliable water supplies
Project Summary Description
This project involved the construction of 19.8 km pipeline from the South Bega Reservoirs to the Yellow Pinch
Dam and a high lift pumping station at a maximum of 20 ML/day, capturing and storing high flow for later use.
The project aimed to ease pressure on low flow extractions from the Tantawanglo Creek, which is Bega’s
main current water supply source. The Bega Reservoirs are supplied from aquifers recharged during periods
of high flow.
Project Objective/s
The Funding Application states the following project objectives:
1. Protect environmental (low) flows at source by reducing extraction during flow flows and opportunistically
extracting larger volumes of water during higher river flows at Bega and transferring this more rapidly to
storage for supply and use in dry times
2. Improve water supply security to towns and villages in the south of the [Bega Valley] Shire
3. Meet the projected water demands of the [Bega Valley] Shire to 2045.
In addition, the project aims to relieve pressure on the Tantawanglo-Kiah water supply scheme.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Obtaining relevant approvals
Completed.
Completion of an environmental assessment
Completed.
Community consultation
23/14220/68110
234
Land ownership consultation was held by 28 August 2008.
Negotiate and execute construction leases with affected land holders
Lease agreements were issued to all affected land holders.
Offsite testing of pumps
Completed.
Detailed design and construction of an 19.8 km pipeline from the South Bega
Reservoirs to the Yellow Pinch Dam
Completed.
Detailed design and construction of a High Lift Pump Station
Completed.
Installation of a new chlorine/fluoride dosing system
Completed.
Development of a pumping protocol
Reference to a pumping protocol was made in the milestone reports.
Testing and commissioning of the completed pipeline, pumpstation, and dosing
equipment.
Completed.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
Construction of this pipeline to enable water transfer from the South Bega Reservoirs to
Yellow Pinch Dam is consistent with the project objectives of protecting environmental
flows, improving water supply security, meeting future demands and relieving pressure
on the Tantawanglo-Kiah water supply scheme.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 7. Provide healthy, safe and reliable water supplies
This project successfully implemented a pipeline to increase reliability of water supplies
to towns in the Bega Valley Shire, whilst also easing pressure on low flow extractions
from the Tantawanglo Creek. It therefore met the NWI Objective.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
23/14220/68110
Based on the available documentation, the project has not advanced the state of
development of water supply technology.
235
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
The project used a SCADA system which enables optimisation of power use by
pumping during off-peak power periods. This is an established technology, but the
project has served as a successful example of its use.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The project implemented standard water supply practices, and so has not increased
the state of development of practices in relation to water supply.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The project increased the uptake of water supply practices in the Bega region which
protect summer flows.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
The project faced some issues related to timing, and had to re-negotiate milestones.
The proponent reported that WSA were very supportive throughout this procedure.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
No unexpected outcomes were reported in the available documentation.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
The proponent reported the following lessons learned:
23/14220/68110

Pursuing environmental approvals to construct through level 2 water courses
early on would have saved operational and capital expense. A decision was
made early on not to do this.

The project encountered issues relating to fibre optic cables which had been laid
through unexpected paths. Getting legislation in place to restrict the laying of
such cables to defined corridors would improve this situation.
236
Project Title
7.2
Project
Proponent
Palerang Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
June 2010
(funding
elements
completed)
Project Location
Sandholes Road, Braidwood
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$700,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$826,476
NWI Objective/s
7. Provide healthy, safe and reliable water supplies
NSW: Braidwood Water
Treatment Plant
Date Funding
Agreement signed
Project Summary Description
This project involved the construction of a new water treatment plant, upgrades to the pumping station
(including replacing the existing pumps and building a new pumping shed), and evaluating existing reservoirs.
Design and tender documents have been completed and a construction contractor engaged. The treatment
plant is currently under construction but has not yet been completed. The objectives of the project have not
yet been achieved. The Palerang Council has provided the majority of the funding for the project.
Project Objective/s
The Funding Deed states the objectives of the Project to be:
a. to ensure drinking water to NHMRC Guidelines is reliably provided to the town.
b. to provide and operate the new water treatment facilities under financial arrangements that are
affordable to the Braidwood Community
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Revised Milestone 1 - Complete design and tender documents for Water
Treatment plant & reservoir roofing and refurbishment.
Progress report No. 5 lists this as completed.
Revised Milestone 2 - Call tenders and award tender for reservoir roofing and
refurbishment.
Progress report No. 5 lists this as completed.
Revised Milestone 3- Call tenders and award water treatment works construction
contract
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237
Progress report No. 5 lists this as completed on 26/4/2010.
Revised Milestone 4 - Works under reservoir roofing and refurbishment contract
completed.
Progress report No. 5 lists this as completed.
Revised Milestone 5 - Contractor’s design drawings and documentation received.
Progress report No. 5 lists this as completed on 31/5/2010
Required capital works constructed
The funding deed specifies that the following capital works are to be completed:

Water filtration system and associated building

Waste management arrangements

Refurbishment and roofing of existing storage reservoirs

Construction of connecting pipework

Arrangements for upgrading of electricity supply to site

Demolition and removal or superfluous structures and plant
The project works were established in the form of two components, a roof refurbishment
component and a treatment plant component. The adopted approach involved
establishing separate design, tender and contracting arrangements for these aspects of
the works.
The proponent has advised that work completed on the treatment plant component (At
June 2012) includes site preparation and off site prefabrication of other works.
It is expected that the “refurbishment and roofing of existing storage reservoirs” would
have been completed as a part of milestone 4 above.
The roof refurbishment component of the project was progressed in advance of the
treatment plant component. On 14 January 2010, a funding deed variation was
approved. It is noted that the changes approved to the project milestones focused work
in relation to the treatment plant component to the design phase only. This change
consequently resulted in a departure from the project objectives, in relation to the
Australian Government’s investment, as stated in the Funding Deed. In particular, the
achievement of a physical and tangible outcome (i.e. the construction of a new
treatment plant) was no longer a condition of funding from the Australian Government.
Subsequent Milestone reports show that all revised milestones were achieved by 4
June 2010 (covering the design and contracting processes), with the roof refurbishment
component of the project reported as completed on 27 May 2010.
Total project cost estimate was revised from $2.2m to $2.9m, with the proponent
covering this increase in project costs.
As of June 2012, the treatment plant works are yet to be completed. Considering that
upgrade of the treatment plant was the rationale for this project, it is still seen as
appropriate to assess this component, even though it was effectively removed from the
agreement between the proponent and the department. Therefore, this outcome is
considered to be partially met.
23/14220/68110
238
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives? (Provide analysis of how/whether the achievement of the outcomes
indicates achievement of the project objectives)
The first project objective was to ensure drinking water to NH and MRC Guidelines is
reliably provided to the town. This objective has not been achieved to date.
However, the works completed to date have established the potential for this objective
to be achieved in the future.
The second project objective was to provide and operate the new water treatment
facilities under financial arrangements that are affordable to the Braidwood Community.
There was no evidence available which demonstrates that this objective has been
achieved.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective 7: Provide healthy, safe and reliable water supplies
It is noted that correspondence from DEWHA (18/06/2008) indicated that this project
“does not meet WSA program objectives or guidelines”, however was funded as one of
seven election commitments.
However, this statement relates to not just the NWI objectives, but the broader program
objectives. In relation to whether the project is ‘Providing healthy, safe and reliable water
supplies’, then yes, the project is consistent with this aim.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
The project did not demonstrate the development of any new technologies, although
modern methods for treatment were implemented.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
The project did not demonstrate the uptake of any new technologies, although
modern methods for treatment were implemented.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
None of the methods used in the project demonstrate development in relation to
water use practices. The project is focussed on expansion of existing practices.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The project has worked to improve management of poor water quality, which could
be considered an improvement in the uptake of practices.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
23/14220/68110
It is evident that WSA allowed some flexibility with regards to milestone deliverable
239
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
dates and allowing part payment of milestones for aspects of the works which were
demonstrated as being completed.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
The project has experienced delays in timing, increased costs to complete the works
and disputes with the lead contractor for the treatment plant works.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
The proponent indicated that the timing of the funding could have been better
matched to the planned project implementation timing. The WSA contribution was
made (and required to be spent) before the ideal project implementation timing. This
lead to a variation being sought to extend the project timeframe.
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An opportunity to combine aspects of the project with the water treatment plant
being built at Bungendore. The contracts and tender process were combined as well
as supervision by the department of public works. This provided savings to the two
projects.
240
Project Title
7.3
Project
Proponent
NSW: Bungendore
Water Supply
Augmentation
Date Funding
Agreement signed
5/01/2009
Palerang Shire Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
4/06/2010
Project Location
Eden Monaro
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$1,000,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$1,085,652
NWI Objective/s
2: Encourage reuse and recycling
7: Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
Project Summary Description
The project involved the construction of a supplementary groundwater water supply system for Bungendore,
NSW. This is expected to have a sustainable capacity of 600 ML per annum. It was expected that
conventional treatment of water from this source would produce water to meet drinking water standards. The
supply would allow the town to continue to develop and expand. The works undertaken as a result of this
project included the acquisition of land for the borefield and the water treatment plant, the development of
design drawings and tender documents for the Currandooly water treatment plant and transfer pump station
and the completed construction of Stage 1 of Currandooly water delivery main including interconnection
works within the Bungendore town.
The objective of conserving potable water supply was achieved through this project through the construction
of a water re-use pump station and rising main for recycled water to be transferred from the Bungendore
sewage treatment works to Bungendore Oval for irrigation of the playing field.
The project did not meet the WSA guidelines but was recommended as an election commitment.
Project Objective/s
a. To conserve the existing potable water supply by utilising treated effluent to replace mains water for
playing field irrigation.
b. To provide a supplementary water source for the contributing growth of the village.
c.
To provide and operate the new facilities under financial arrangements that are affordable to the
Bungendore community.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Construction of water reuse main to irrigate playing field with sewage treatment
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plant reuse water:
Report that land has been acquired and council now has access to complete
construction of the re-use pipeline and expected to have this work completed by 31 July
2010. The proponent reported that this is now complete.
Land acquisition arrangement for the water supply projects (borefield):
Bore and bore delivery main land acquisitions were completed.
Complete design drawings and tender documents for the Currandooly water
treatment plant and transfer pump station:
Currandooly Water Treatment Plant design documentation and tender documents
submitted to council and accepted pending minor amendments.
Acquisition of land and siteworks for the water treatment plant – completion of
construction was to be carried forward past the project completion with council
funding:
Water treatment plant land was acquired. The main requirement was reported to be the
construction of an entrance driveway into the property acquired. This was completed by
21 May 2010. Some tree screen plantings are also required but it was determined that
this would be best undertaken as part of construction activities.
Complete Stage 1 of Currandooly water delivery main including interconnection
works within the Bungendore town:
It is reported that much of this work has been completed; however the final section has
been held up while approval is gained from State Rail for a pipe under bore under the
railway line that runs through Bungendore. The pipeline materials are on site and works
were expected to be completed by 30 June 2010 (last progress review). The proponent
reported that this is now complete.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
All project outcomes have now been achieved, with some delays.
It is not clear from the available documentation whether the treatment plant is
operational and whether treated effluent is being used to replace mains water for playing
field irrigation. It is also not clear what financial arrangements have been put in place to
operate the new facilities, and whether these are affordable to the Bungendore
community.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 2. Encourage reuse and recycling
The construction of a reuse pipeline from the sewage treatment plant to irrigate the
playing field is consistent with this objective.
NWI Objective: 7 Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
The construction of a groundwater supply source (through development of the borefield)
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242
and water treatment plant to treat this groundwater to drinking water quality is consistent
with this objective.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
There are no new or novel technologies reported to be used in the project. Based
on available documentation it appears that standard techniques for construction and
water treatment have been applied. It is noted that the project did not meet the WSA
guidelines but was recommended as an election commitment.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
The project has not increased or advanced the uptake of technologies.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The project did not involve the development of new practices, either in NSW or
nationally. As such, the project has not increased or advanced the state of
development of practices in water use.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The project has advanced the uptake of sustainable water management practices in
Bungendore by increasing diversifying and increasing the water supply through use
of groundwater; and replacing potable water supply with reuse water from the
sewage treatment plant.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
There was one funding agreement variation that allowed extension of the project
deadlines further beyond the official project completion. This appears to have made
deadlines more realistic given the requirements for land acquisition, etc.
The proponent reports that significant contact was made with the department and
that there was support offered in terms of meeting deadlines.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
Council was not successful in acquiring the easement required for this main by
agreement (the price could not be negotiated) and had to resort to compulsory
acquirement. This was ultimately successful.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
Allowances or flexibility is required in timelines where construction works may
require compulsory acquisition of land.
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Although this was not unexpected it was a hurdle that had to be overcome in terms
of getting things done.
243
Project Title
7.4
Project
Proponent
NSW: Feasibility Study
for Water Storage
Options in Nimmitabel
Date Funding
Agreement signed
15/04/2009
The Nimmitabel Advancement
Group (NAG) Inc./Nimmitabel
Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Still in
progress
Project Location
Nimmitabel Village, 35 kilometres south of
Cooma
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$550,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
TBC
NWI Objective/s
7: Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
Project Summary Description: The Lake Wallace project was to undertake a feasibility study, approvals and
design and tender of the construction of a large earth wall dam to store water from the Pigring Creek. Flows
from this creek would be captured when the McLaughlin River is in high flood condition to provide a secure
potable water supply for the community of Nimmitabel. No other infrastructure was required as the water
released would flow into the existing infrastructure for Nimmitabel's reticulated water system.
The stored water would be released as required when the river is in low flow. Consultants were engaged to
undertake preliminary site surveys and hydraulic modelling for optimizing dam storage. After consultation with
NSW Office of Water, agreement on environmental flows subject to environmental assessment findings was
reached.
The Environmental Assessment (Review of Environmental Factors) is still in progress as the aboriginal
heritage and biodiversity offsets studies are yet to be completed. The Dam design has been completed while
the survey, construction tender documentation and Development Application are yet to be completed.
Project Objective/s
To provide the Council with the funding to engage consultant(s) who will assess the feasibility of a dam of
natural materials to provide a safe (potable), reliable and secure water supply to the community of
Nimmitabel, particularly during drought; and ensure that sufficient water is available for village and rural fire
fighting purposes.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
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a) Complete Preliminary site Survey including storage cross section survey and
spillway survey. Complete preliminary determination of area of land required
for water storage.
The work was 100% complete in December 2010 for the above task. The study
determined that 14.5 ha of land area within the preliminary boundary is required.
b) Complete optimisation of preliminary dam design.
The Department of Public Works and Services was awarded a contract to carry out
hydraulic modelling for optimizing Dam storage. After consultation with NSW Office
of Water, agreement on environmental flows subject to environmental assessment
findings was reached.
c) Initiate Environmental Assessment process including preparation of scope of
work for Review of Environmental Factors (REF)
Aquatic environmental assessment was conducted by Biosis Research Pty Ltd.
Terrestrial flora and fauna assessment was conducted by Eco Logical Australia.
The Aboriginal Consultation was conducted by Navin Office Heritage Consultants
Pty Ltd.
1. Complete Environmental Assessment process for Dam include REF by council
The proponent reported that 85% of work had been completed at the time of the final
progress report. Approved variation for completion extended to January 2012.
As of June 4 2012 the proponent reports that the REF is still in progress although the
following elements have been completed: Contaminated lands assessment; Geological
features assessment; primary Terrestrial Flora & Fauna study; Aquatic flora & fauna;
primary aboriginal heritage report & European heritage report. The aboriginal,
biodiversity offsets studies are yet to be completed prior to the draft REF finalisation.
2. Development approval process including preparation and lodgement of DA
and REF Assessment by external contractor and preparation of report to
Council;
Not yet commenced at the time of final progress report. Approved variation for
completion extended to April 2012. As of June 4 2012 the proponent reports that the
REF is still in progress.
3. Determine final boundaries of land to be transferred to Council;
50% complete at the time of the final progress report. Approved variation for completion
extended to April 2012. Still incomplete at June 4 2012.
4. Cadastral survey and preparation of subdivision plan;
25% of the work is completed at time of final progress report. Approved variation for
completion extended to April 2012
5. Preparation and submission of Subdivision Application to Council
Not yet commenced. Approved variation for completion extended to April 2012
6. Investigation, design and preparation of tender documents for the supply and
installation of Flow Monitoring Equipment and telemetry;
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90% of the work is completed at time of final progress report. Approved variation for
completion extended to April 2012
7. Preparation of tender documents for Dam Construction contract;
30% of the work is completed at time of final progress report. Approved variation for
completion extended to April 2012.
As of June 4 2012, the dam design has been completed, however awaiting REF.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The objective of the project was to conduct a feasibility study for the construction of a
dam to provide a sustainable long-term water supply. Progress has been made toward
completing the outcomes and therefore achieving the project objectives. The delay and
subsequent extension of deadlines was due to identification of possible protected
fauna/flora on site, a higher than expected quote for dam works and inclement weather
conditions hampering construction work.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 7: Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies - The objective will be achieved if
the planning process is successful and the project is implemented. Given that the dam
design is complete and the REF is expected to be completed soon it is likely that this
objective will eventually be achieved.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
There are no new technologies proposed for the project.
The objectives of the proposed construction methods for the project are targeted at
minimising new technology requirements. Earthen material dam construction is
proposed to minimise cost, and the use of the existing reticulated water scheme is
aimed at reducing infrastructure/technology impediments to water supply.
Reducing technological requirements was not a direct objective of WSA. However,
this was adopted as an objective for this project.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
There are no new technologies proposed for the project.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The project has not advanced or increased the state of development of practices as
all considerations and construction/supply methods considered are well-established
practices.
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Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The project increased the uptake of sound water industry practices by
demonstrating a detailed analysis of the optimum method to provide a sustainable
water supply for the region with consideration of environmental flows, the impacts of
construction on flora and fauna, water quality and construction materials. Although
these considerations are not novel, they represent an increased uptake of
integrated catchment management and construction practices for the water
industry.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
On 16/5/11, the proponent submitted a request to extend the project completion to
April 2012 which was granted.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
The project was delayed due to identification of possible protected fauna/flora on
site, a higher than expected quote for dam works and inclement weather conditions
that were expected to hamper construction work.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
The preparation of the REF has taken longer than anticipated. This was not
allowed for in the initial timeline. The final outstanding item is the aboriginal,
biodiversity offsets studies. This was not expected to take such a significant amount
of time.
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Project Title
7.5
Project
Proponent
NSW: Goulburn Water
Supply Emergency
Pipeline from the
Wingecarribee
Date Funding
Agreement signed
21/07/2008
Goulburn Mulwaree Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
November
2011
Project Location
Goulburn
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$20,000,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$50,000,000
NWI Objective/s
7. Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
Project Summary Description
The project involved design and construction of a pipeline from Wingecarribee Reservoir to Goulburn to
provide the Goulburn Mulwaree community with a source of emergency water supply from the Sydney
(Shoalhaven) catchment. The pipeline is approximately 88 km in length and includes two pumping stations.
The project was broken into two stages with the first stage of the project involving completion of all
preconstruction activities (including design, permits, approvals and water access arrangements) and the
second stage involving construction of the pipeline and associated works.
Project Objective/s
The objectives of the first stage of the project were to:
a. Determine the quantum of long-term yield benefit of the project within the Integrated Water Cycle
Management (IWCM) context.
b. Optimise investment in Water Supply Infrastructure for Goulburn.
c.
Design the project’s capital works to:
1. Provide optimum transfer capacity to meet the long-term yield benefit identified for the Project in the
IWCM; and
2. Reduce the pumping required per ML of yield and therefore relative energy consumption and
associated greenhouse gases.
The objectives of the second stage of the project were to:
a. Enhance water security by providing an additional secure, reliable and safe water supply for Goulburn;
b. Enable introduction of environmental flows in Wollondilly River.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
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Completion of Integrated Water Cycle Management (IWCM) Planning Process,
including:

Water access arrangement

Planning approval

Council endorsed IWCM

Survey work, ecological, heritage and all other field work and geotechnical
investigation for the preferred pipeline route.
Completed in 2010.
Finalisation of design.
Completed August 2010.
Award of contracts for construction.
Completed and claimed for payment May 2010.
Completion of pump station.
Practical completion of pump station achieved. Claimed September 2011.
Completion of pipeline.
The completion of Pipeline Construction was achieved on 30 September 2011 with the
issue of the Certificate of Practical Completion.
Commissioning.
Commissioning tests have been ongoing since the achievement of Practical Completion
for the two major contracts. Council’s Operational staff are now responsible for pumping
operations and are refining the integration of the pipeline in to Goulburn’s water supply
with support from members of the Project team.
Completion Oct 2011.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has achieved all of the planning and construction objectives that were
identified in the funding agreement. The outcomes of planning and analysis have been
inputted into design and theoretically should allow both the social and environmental
objectives of the second stage of the project to be met.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective:
7.
Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
The project has increased the reliability of supply to the Goulburn Mulwaree community.
Although there was some concern in the Pipeline Approval Brief an “emergency”
measure, the pipeline was supported by the IWCM planning outcomes, suggesting that
this option was assessed as being a sustainable and cost-effective long-term solution to
water supply to the community.
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Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
There is no evidence in project summaries/reviews of the advancement of
technologies through the project.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
There is no evidence in project summaries/reviews of the uptake of innovative or
new technologies through the project.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
There has been no development or advancement of practices demonstrated in this
project. The methods used were already well established.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The project has increased the uptake of water management practices justified with
thorough analysis of environmental and social outcomes, including the use of IWCM
to justify capital works. The project demonstrated a thorough analysis of water
supply options, pipeline routes and potential stakeholder concerns, leading to an
outcome that was optimised in terms of environmental and social objectives.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
Revised milestone deadlines and payment dates were provided to adapt to the
proponent’s circumstances.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
The project in all its elements (including approvals, permit requirements,
stakeholder expectations and land acquisition requirements) was thoroughly scoped
from the outset with possible risks identified in advance of these becoming a
concern. This resulted in no outcomes that could be considered “unexpected”.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
There was risk register that was updated with current and emerging risks in all
progress reports. This allowed for identification of risks and possible mitigation
strategies at each stage of the project. It is evident that a number of these risks did
materialise, however as appropriate contingency had been allowed for at the early
stages of the project these did not result in any significant delays.
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Examples of risks identified and mitigating methods applied are as follows:

Land acquisition – compulsory acquisition of easements across 5 land parcels.

Managing stakeholders expectations – continued consultation required during
rehabilitation activities.

Compliance with consent conditions – adequate and flexible resourcing
maintained throughout construction and rehabilitation.

Date for practical completion not met – contractual provisions.
250

Project cashflow – flexible claim process with government funding partners.
The implementation of the project with very little disruption to the timelines proposed
originally highlights the advantage of maintaining a risk register throughout the
project.
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Project Title
7.6
Project
Proponent
NSW: Lower Wyong
to Mangrove Dam
Water Transfer
Project
Date Funding
Agreement signed
1/11/2007
Wyong Shire Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Dec 2011 (project
incomplete – Dec
2011 is the date
of the latest
Progress Report
provided)
Project Location
Mangrove Creek Dam, NSW Central
Coast
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$80,300,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
TBA
NWI Objective/s
7. Provide healthy, safe and reliable water supplies
Project Summary Description
This project involved the construction of a pipeline and associated infrastructure to link Wyong River - the
largest surface water source on the central coast - to Mangrove Creek Dam in NSW Central Coast to assist in
drought recovery and increase the long term reliability of supply. The project has increased the system’s
capacity to harvest more water from Wyong River during high flows so the system is less reliant on harvesting
low flows leading to improved environmental outcomes. The implementation of the project aimed to enhance
the water sharing arrangements between Hunter Water and the Central Coast. The main drivers for the
project were to assist in drought recovery an increasing long term reliability of supply.
The main capital works included:

New pump station / offtake from the Wyong River and 2.1 km of pipeline to Mardi Dam sized to withdraw
water at 320 ML/d

New pump station at Mardi Dam and 21.5 km pipeline to enable water to be delivered from Mardi dam to
Mangrove Creek Dam at 120 ML/d
The Mardi-Mangrove Link Project has enabled Council to move from Level 2 restrictions to Water Wise rules
since it has been taken over and has contributed to the total water storage levels being the highest in 10
years.
Project Objective/s
There is consistency between the project objectives quoted in the application document and those quoted in
the funding deed. These objectives are to:

enable the recovery of the Central Coast’s storage levels depleted during the drought;

to provide a secure and reliable water supply for the Central Coast to cater for current population and
future growth;

optimise the performance of the Central Coast’s infrastructure and fully utilise the available storage in
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Mangrove Creek Dam;

improve the performance of the two neighbouring and complimentary urban water supply systems (Central
Coast and Hunter) by utilising the natural and infrastructure assets of the individual regions.

The transfer system between Wyong River and Mangrove Creek Dam enhances the performance of the
existing water supply including the recently constructed Hunter link and will:

optimise inter-regional water trading and water banking opportunities between Hunter Water Corporation
and Gosford Wyong Council Water Authority through the Hunter link (which was jointly funded with the
Commonwealth Government under the National Water Initiative);

demonstrate the benefits of cooperative arrangements between neighbouring water utilities;

facilitate completion of the Water Sharing Plans for the Central Coast and the introduction of environmental
flows for Wyong River, Mooney Mooney Creek and Mangrove Creek by reducing diversions during low flow
periods.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/ Insufficient
info
Completion of all preconstruction activities including obtaining government
approvals, permits and licences.
Completion of all milestones relating to this objective are recorded in Progress
Reports. These are as follows:

Submission of the Project Control Plan to the Commonwealth – completed 30
Nov 07

Environmental Flow Study Report – completed 29 Feb 08

Issuing of Water Access Licence by the NSW Department of Water and Energy
for the Project – completed 24 Feb 10

Development Approvals for Capital Works – completed 29 Sep 09

Completion of Draft Construction contracts and related tender documentation –
completed 11 Sep 09

Submission of Revised Project Control Plan – completed 03 Dec 09.
Enable the recovery of the Central Coast’s storage levels depleted during the
drought.
The proponent advised that whilst the System has only recently been commissioned
already 8,000 ML (approximately 4 months additional water) has been transferred to
Mangrove Creek Dam for storage.
The Mardi-Mangrove Link Project has enabled Council to move from Level 2
restrictions to Water Wise rules since it has been taken over and has contributed to
the total water storage levels being the highest in 10 years.
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Increase the pumping capacity at the lower Wyong River from 125 ML/d to
about 320 ML/d or higher, enabling more water to be harvested from Wyong
River during high flows than is currently the case, improving the water system
reliability.
The final report states that the pump station and pipeline transferring water from the
Wyong River to Mardi Dam has a capacity of 320 ML/d. The pump station and
pipeline transferring water from Mardi Dam to Mangrove Creek Dam has a capacity
of 120 ML/d. The objective to increase harvesting capacity from Wyong river has
therefore been achieved.
Enable the two way transfer of water between Mardi Dam and Mangrove Greek
Dam thereby enhancing overall storage management.
The final report states that “A new pumping station at Mardi Dam transfers water
between Mardi and Mangrove Creek Dams”. This implies that the pipeline allows for
a two way transfer of water.
Enhance environmental flows downstream of the lower Wyong River weir.
The proponent advised that the new extraction licence requirements will ensure
enhanced environmental flows downstream of the weir. More accurate and reliable
flow measurement at the weir and pump station ensure environmental flows are
maintained. To date, flow and pump monitoring data confirm that flows have been
maintained over the weir for the pre and post commissioning period.
Reduce the pumping required per ML of yield and therefore relative energy
consumption and associated greenhouse gasses.
The proponent advised that the new harvesting arrangement is more economical to
transfer water from Mangrove Creek Dam to Mardi Dam, and supply the Central
Coast Water Supply through Mardi WTP, rather than releasing water down
Mangrove Creek to be pumped from Mangrove Creek Weir to Somersby Water
Treatment Plant. This is due to the higher pumping head at Mangrove Creek Weir.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The elements which constitute the project are consistent with the project objectives
to assist with drought recovery and improve future reliability of supply.
The project established the potential to increase the long term yield and reliability of
the system.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 7. Provide healthy, safe and reliable water supplies
This project has focussed on improving reliability of water supplies and has been
consistent with the NWI objective in this regard. As discussed above, it is too early
to quantify the long-term impact upon reliability of supply
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
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254
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
This project applied the latest science and innovation to design a fish ladder at the
off-take weir on the Wyong River.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of
technology/
technologies in water
use in the water
industry?
Uptake of technology is covered in the comments above.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of practices in relation
to water use in the water
industry?
This project has focussed more on the uptake of improved practices (discussed
below), more than the development of new practices.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of practices
in water use in the water
industry?
This project has enabled smarter use of water by:
The final report states the following:
“Although based on proven technology, the engineering innovations used for the
Mardi-Mangrove Link are relatively new to the water industry. Horizontal directional
drilling originated in the US and the cutter soil mixing method in Germany… The
innovations not only saved us time and money but they also reduced the
environmental impact and the safety risk for construction workers. Although there
were some problems with the size of the borehole in our Australian-first horizontal
directional drilling project, in the end it was a superior technique”

Improving integration and cooperation between water authorities (Hunter Water
Corporation and Gosford Wyong Council Water Authority) through the ‘Hunterlink’

Reducing competition for water between environmental demand and human
demand

Removing or delaying the need for more energy intensive water supply options
such as re-use or desalination.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
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The proponent advised that WSA staff were very helpful in providing assistance and
advice to project staff whenever requested.
The original funding deed breakup for the project was $3,454,546 for Stage 1 (Pre
construction) and $76,845,454 for Stage 2 (Construction). WSA agreed to several
requests from Wyong Shire Council to vary the funding deed, namely:

Enabling progress payments from WSA during construction on a monthly basis
rather than on a milestone basis – this assisted Council with its cashflow during
construction but did not increase the funding deed amount.

Adding an extra milestone (2D Award of Construction Contract) to Stage 1 (Pre
construction) and moving $10 m from Stage 2 to Stage 1 to incorporate this
change – this assisted Council in better managing its cashflow as more funds
were expended during pre-construction and less during construction than
255
originally anticipated when the funding deed was first drawn up. The breakup of
funding thus became $13,454,456 for Stage 1 (Pre construction) and
$66,845,454 for Stage 2 (Construction).
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the
project, technically,
institutionally, or in
regard to achievement
of the
outcomes/objectives?
No significant issues identified.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
None documented
23/14220/68110
256
Project Title
7.7
Project
Proponent
NSW: Split Rock Dam
to Barraba Pipeline
Date Funding
Agreement signed
22/10/2010
Tamworth Regional Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
May 2011
Project Location
Barraba
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$128,759
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$450,000
NWI Objective/s
7. Provide healthy, safe and reliable water supplies
Project Summary Description
This project aimed to conduct a feasibility study of a water supply pipeline from Split Rock Dam to Barraba in
NSW. Split Rock Dam is controlled by NSW State Water Corporation and has a capacity of
397,370 Megalitres. It is located approximately 25 kilometres to the South of Barraba. Barraba’s current water
supply was been deemed insufficient to meet demand and has been subject to frequent water restrictions as a
result (the proposal document in 2010 states Level 1 restrictions have been in force 18% of the time, other
restrictions an additional 53% of the time). The purpose of constructing this pipeline was to provide a reliable,
sustainable raw water supply for Barraba.
Project Objective/s
The proposal document states the key objective of the Feasibility Study as being “to provide Council with
more detailed technical information (including the preferred pipeline route and more accurate costing) which
will allow Council to make an informed decision about certain aspects of the pipeline and if decided, to further
progress this option.”
It is expected that the feasibility study (or previous studies) would quantify the benefit to the reliability of supply
a well as addressing technical issues and risks associated with the design and construction of the required
works.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
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257
Delivery of a Preliminary Feasibility & Options Assessment
Receipt of the Preliminary Feasibility and Options Assessment Report is documented in
the Milestone Reports for the project.
The Preliminary Feasibility and Options Assessment Report has not been provided to
the reviewer, so the report’s content cannot be commented upon here.
The proposal document states that the following will be included in the Preliminary
Feasibility Study and Options Assessment:

An assessment of various demand scenarios,

Assessment of impacts of onsite rainwater tanks,

Preliminary discussions with NSW Office of Water to determine water extraction
licence requirements (NB: a 365 ML/y extraction licence was documented in the
detailed feasibility study as being approved),

Assessment of water quality data from Split Rock Dam and documentation of any
possible changes to water quality for the consumers,

Development of a scope of works for improvements to the Barraba WTP
Delivery of a Detailed Feasibility Study of the Preferred Option
The Feasibility Study is documented in the Detailed Feasibility Study Report dated 20
May 2011. This includes:

Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment, geotechnical investigation and site
survey

Detailed feasibility assessment of major system components (Split Rock Dam offtake
and pumping station, Transfer pipeline, and Barraba Water Treatment Plant (WTP))

Preliminary layouts and plans for the pipeline, pumping station and connection to
Barraba WTP

Preliminary cost estimation for the project including the following components:

Raw water pumping station

27 km pipeline

Minor upgrades to Barraba WTP

Pre-chlorination dosing facility at Split Rock Dam

Raw Water Storage Tank at Barraba WTP

Pre-construction studies, management and construction allowances including
contingencies.

An assessment of future planning requirements
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258
Stakeholder Consultation
The proposal document documents the following tasks to be completed with regard to
stakeholder consultation:

Steering Committee Presentations

Community Development Committee Presentation

Council Presentation

Finalise Feasibility Study Reports
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Based on the available documentation, it is not clear whether this has been completed.
It is likely that documentation of stakeholder consultation would be located in the
Preliminary Feasibility & Options Assessment Report (not provided)
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The overall objective of the project is to provide a reliable sustainable raw water supply
for Barraba. The extent to which the reliability of water supply would be increased by the
project has not been explicitly documented in the progress reports.
The technical assessments on the required work clearly assesses aspects which allow
appraisal of project feasibility.
The specific objective of the feasibility study is to provide Council with more detailed
technical information (including the preferred pipeline route and more accurate costing)
which will allow Council to make an informed decision about certain aspects of the
pipeline and if decided, to further progress this option. A funding agreement has been
provided for the construction phase of the project. This clearly indicates that Council
have been provided sufficient information to progress the option, and that the objective
of the feasibility study has been satisfied.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 7. Provide healthy, safe and reliable water supplies
The purpose of the project clearly satisfies the objective to increase reliability of water
supplies. The extent to which reliability has been increased is not explicitly documented,
and it is noted that the increase in reliability will only be realised once the pipeline is
constructed.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
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State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying efficient water supply technologies in inland NSW.
Based on the available documentation, there is no evidence to suggest that this
project has improved the state of development of efficient water supply technologies.
As the project was a feasibility study, there is little scope for the state of
development to be effectively advanced.
259
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
efficient water supply technologies into standard practices or processes for domestic
water supply.
Based on the available documentation, there is no evidence to suggest that this
project has improved the state of uptake of efficient water supply technologies. As
the project was a feasibility study, there is little scope for the state of development to
be effectively advanced.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying efficient water supply practices in inland NSW. Water use practices, in
relation to this project, is defined as management of water supply for domestic use.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
efficient water supply practices into standard practices or processes for domestic
water supply.
The feasibility study aims to improve reliability of supply in this specific location,
however has not advanced the general state of development of practices for efficient
water supply.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as management of water
supply for domestic use.
The feasibility study aims to improve reliability of supply in this specific location,
however has not advanced the general state of uptake of practices for efficient water
supply.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
WSA provided support by facilitating a change to the project scope. This change in
scope occurred when the NSW Government (who provided a proportion of the
funding for the project) did not support a concept design being undertaken (which
was included in the original brief). The funding agreement with the Federal
Government had to be changed to reflect this. This change was achieved with
relative ease.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
No unexpected outcomes were identified in the available documentation.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
No lessons learned were presented in the available documentation.
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260
Project Title
7.8
Project
Proponent
NSW: Tumbarumba
Water Treatment Plant
Upgrade
Date Funding
Agreement signed
30/09/2010
Tumbarumba Shire Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
27/10/2011
Project Location
Tumbarumba
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$2,000,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$3,917,030
NWI Objective/s
7. Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
Project Summary Description
This project involved the expansion of the capacity of the Water Treatment Plant from 2 ML/day to 3 ML/day,
to better utilise poor quality water from Tumbarumba Creek, and increase available water supply for the
township. The construction tasks associated with this project are near completion.
Project Objective/s
1. To increase the available water supply for the Tumbarumba township by installing a 3 ML/d Water
Treatment facility.
2. To ensure that water treatment from the poorer quality source of the Tumbarumba Creek can be used to
supplement the current service, Burra Creek, thus helping to secure Tumbarumba water supply for the
future.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
All items related to design and construction of a 3 ML/d Dissolved air Flotation Filter type
Water Treatment Plant including a 2 ML Clear Water Tank and associated pipeworks.
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Milestone 2
a) Completion of detailed design and documentation.
For this contract, the design has been an iterative review process involving the
contractor, TSC, NSW Office of Water and NSW Public Works.
b) Completion of the tender process and the awarding of the Contract.
The tender process was completed and the contract awarded to Aquatec-Maxcon Pty
Ltd.
c) Completion of civil works including site establishment, boundary fence,
stormwater drainage channel, all roadworks and gates, 2 x 800 m2 sludge
lagoons with clay lining including inlet and outlet pits, pipeworks and pits
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261
associated with the raw water pump station.
The contractor has established the site, cleared the site and set up site offices. The
boundary was not fenced. The contractor has partially constructed stormwater drainage
around the site adequate for the situation. Numbers of Strom Water pits were completed.
The road works are at the finished sub base level; only the base gravel layer is
remaining to bring the road to level then seal. The sludge Lagoons earth works are
completed, gravel was installed in the floor of the lagoon. The box culverts for the outlet
are installed. The Pipeworks and pits associated with raw water pump station were
completed. The 2ML Clear water Tank and all associated pipeworks have been
completed.
Milestone 3: Completion of main building structure housing the WTP and
associated pipework and pits for magflow meters. Completion of civil works at raw
water pumps building.
Earthworks, building slab, mezzanine floor, the block work for the MCC, machinery room
and chemical dosing bunds are completed. Pits for mag flow meter have been
completed. Concreting of sections of pipe work and pits for magflow meters that are
below the main building slab has commenced. Earthworks and the slab is completed.
Milestone 4: Completion of 2ML concrete clear water tank and associated
pipeworks and equipment’s. Installation of 2 DAFF Tanks. DAFF Recycled water
System, Back wash pumps, Blowers and associated Equipment. Walkway around
DAFF. Chemical Storage and bund walls
The DAFF tanks have been installed. DAFF inlet and outlet pipe gallery has been
installed. The mechanical installation including 2 DAF/filters equipment and media was
almost completed. The saturator vessel has been installed. Recycled pump station,
suction and discharge piping is installed. The mixer walkway around DAFF has been
installed. The block work for chemical dosing and bunds are completed, chemical
storage tanks have been installed.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The near completion of all the activities targeted at construction of the water treatment
plant indicates that the project has been consistent with the objectives of the project.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 7. Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
The project demonstrated consistency with this NWI through expansion of the safe water
supply to Tumbarumba township, with improved reliability through use of water from the
Tumbarumba Creek.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
23/14220/68110
262
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
The project did not demonstrate the development of any new technologies, although
modern methods for treatment were implemented.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
The project did not demonstrate the uptake of any new technologies, although
modern methods for water treatment were implemented.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
None of the methods used in the project demonstrate development in relation to
water use practices. The project is focussed on expansion of existing practices.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The project has improved water management by allowing usage of additional poor
quality water from the Tumbarumba Creek than was previously possible. This
represented more of an expansion of capacity (increased uptake) than a
development of new practices.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
An agreement was reached to extend the deadline of completion to September
2011.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
The variation to allow expansion in the town footprint that could be provided with
clear water was unexpected at the outset of the project.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
Excellent relations with contract management and the Council and the support of a
competent Council Water Committee greatly assisted the project.
23/14220/68110
The proponent reported that excellent support was provided by WSA throughout the
project. This included a variation to the project that allowed for a larger footprint of
the town that can now be serviced with drinking water by raising the clear water
tank by 20 metres.
263
Project Title
7.9
Project Proponent
NSW: Water
Quality 2010
Date Funding
Agreement
signed
25/11/2008
Gosford City Council
Date
Completed
(final/last
report)
July 2010
Project Location
Gosford
State
NSW
Australian Government Contribution
(GST Excl.)
$4,500,000
Total Project
Cost (GST
Excl.)
$11,556,363
NWI Objective/s
7. Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
Project Summary Description: The intention of the project was to provide a comprehensive and integrated
approach to systematically address water quality from catchment to tap. The program involved capital works
and associated planning relating to the water treatment plant, reservoirs and water mains. This included
investigation, risk management, construction of works and stakeholder communications.
Project Objective/s
Measures were also determined at the outset to test whether each of the identified objectives had been
achieved.
Objective 1: Protect and manage the drinking water supply system into the future.
Measure: Reduction in the number of water quality related incidents
Objective 2: Improve the drinking water quality to the standard of other Australian cities amidst
current and proposed system changes.
Measures:

Improved chlorine residual in treated water c.f. current range of 0 – 1.9 mg/L and median of 0.07 mg/L
(target 0.2 mg/L).

Improved pH in treated water c.f. current range of 4 – 11.9 and median of 8.1 (target 6.5 – 8.5).

Improved alkalinity in treated water c.f. current range of 8 – 80 mg/L and median of 30 mg/L (target 45
mg/L).

Reduced total manganese in treated water c.f. current range of 0 – 9.4 mg/L and median of 0.11 mg/L
(target 0.02 mg/L).

Reduced iron in treated water c.f. current range of 0 – 60 mg/L and median of 1.7 mg/L (target 0.3 mg/L).
Objective 3: Reduce the incidence of discoloured water and deal more effectively with events and
complaints.
Measure: 40% reduction in the total number of complaints over a 2-year period from 2006 – 2007 to 2008 –
2009.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
23/14220/68110
264
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
1. Lime and potassium permanganate dosing facility – to be constructed at the
Somersby Balance Tanks, designed to enhance the existing water treatment
process.
Milestone 1.1 and 1.10: Lime and potassium permanganate dosing facility design and
documentation.
100% complete – evidence in progress report 4 (Appendix A)
Milestone 1.2 – 1.9 Lime and potassium permanganate dosing facility site preparation
and slab, and installation of facility including civil, mechanical, and electrical and control
works.
100% complete – evidence in progress report 3 (Appendix C)
2. Carbon dioxide dosing facility – constructed at the Somersby Water Filtration
Plant. Will improve the stability of the treated water in the distribution system.
Milestone 1.1: Carbon dioxide dosing facility civil works design and documentation.
100% complete – evidence in progress report 4 (Appendix A)
Milestone 1.4: Carbon dioxide facility slab and pipework
100% complete – evidence in progress report 3 (photos Appendix B)
Milestone 2: Carbon dioxide dosing system
100% complete – evidence in progress report 3 (photos Appendix H)
3. Reservoir roof improvements– 50% of Gosford’s reservoir require improvements
to roofing and bird-proofing to protect the water from potential contamination. Roof
hatches require replacement in order to increase protection against contamination.
Under milestone 3.1 and 3.2.
Outcome 100% completed as per progress report 5.

Site investigation led to re-scoping of this activity to focus on the areas of greatest
need.

3 small reservoirs required roof replacements.

Renovation/replacement of roof hatches was implemented.
Appendix B of Progress report 5 has photographic evidence of completion of this
outcome.
4. Reservoir improvements: Originally intended to include installation of mixing
devices – to prevent “dead spots” where water can age and undergo chlorine decay.
The program was reassessed. To enable systematic assessment of the need for rechlorination stations throughout the distribution system and mixing in reservoirs, it
was determined that the impacts of process improvements and other operational
23/14220/68110
265
changes to chlorine dosing and detention time in reservoirs should first be assessed.
A program to investigate the requirement for re-chlorination and missing was
proposed to be undertaken following this (later in 2010).
Additional roof improvements were implemented at reservoirs in lieu of the
original mixing proposed.
Milestone 4 reported at 100% complete in progress report 4 (evidence in Appendix D).
5. Unlined asset replacement – internal lining of cement to protect the metal against
corrosion. This includes replacement of unlined hydrants and the replacement or
restoration of unlined valves. The majority of hydrants and valves in the water
supply system are not lined with cement, leading to discolouring of water when iron
particles are detached from the internals of pipes.
Milestone 5 – Work is now 100% completed with 1080 hydrants replaced.
Photographs in Appendix E, progress report 4 provide evidence.
6. Trunk mains refurbishment infrastructure – civil infrastructure to enable swabbing
of trunk mains.
Milestone 6.1: Trunk mains refurbishment infrastructure: Kariong – West Gosford.
100% complete, evidence in Appendix K of progress report 3.
Milestone 6.2: Trunk mains refurbishment infrastructure: Springfield – West Gosford
100% complete, evidence in Appendix L of progress rerport 3.
Milestone 6.3: Trunk mains refurbishment infrastructure: Koolewong – Woy Woy PRV
CHANGED TO Springfield - Erina
Originally intended to relate to the construction of infrastructure to enable cleaning of the
dual trunk mains between Koolewong Reservoir and Woy Woy PRV using the swabbing
method. Delays to the upgrade of the Woy Woy PRV has delayed this project resulting
in a change in scope of Milestone 6.3. Milestone 6.3 now relates to the same type of
work but on a different trunk, namely the DN700mm trunk between Springfield and Erina.
100% complete, evidence in Appendix B of progress report 5.
7. System flowmeters – installation of flowmeters throughout the distribution system to
provide hydraulic monitoring of the system and information to enable calibration of water
supply system model.
Milestone 7 100% completed as per progress report 5. Progress report 5 has
photographic evidence in Appendix C of completion of this outcome.

Included installation of 18 flowmeters throughout the water supply distribution system
to facilitate hydraulic monitoring of the system and calibration of the supply system
model so as to enable further water quality modelling.

Two flowmeters also installed on raw water mains to improve chemical dosing control
at Somersby.

Delays to the installation of flowmeters were the result of a number of issues
including the need to review discoloured water risk mitigation strategies.
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266
8. Water quality monitoring equipment – multi-parameter water quality monitoring
equipment to be procured. Equipment to be situated at key locations to enable
monitoring of the water quality throughout the water supply system and identify any
issues that need to be addressed.
Milestone 8 100% completed as per progress report 5. Included:

Procurement of two portable water quality monitoring kits and installation at initial
problem sites.

Supply of 16 water quality monitoring instruments to be assembled on 4 instrument
panels which will be erected inside new switchboard cabinets at the four permanent
monitoring sites.

Design of new switchboard cabinets for the permanent monitoring sites.

Partial completion of fabrication of switchboard cabinets and plinths for the
permanent monitoring sites.
Photographs included in Appendix D of progress report 5 to provide evidence of this
milestone completion.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
Achievement of each of the objectives can be tested against the measures identified
during the initial stages of the project. Objective 1 and 3 were both achieved during the
project period. Objective 2 was partially achieved, with water quality parameters
showing significant improvement, although some of the initial target values were not
reported as being achieved in the final progress report.
Improvements in water quality since final project report have been demonstrated by the
proponent in later reports, showing that all three objectives have now been achieved
(against measures identified initially).
Objective 1: Protect and manage the drinking water supply system into the future.
Measure: Reduction in the number of water quality related incidents
Assessment: 42% reduction in the number of water quality incidents in 2008/09
compared with those in 2006/07.
Objective 2: Improve the drinking water quality to the standard of other Australian
cities amidst current and proposed system changes.
Note: Monitoring results were based on testing between WTP Clearwater tank to
Patonga since lime and carbon dioxide dosing began (reported in the final progress
report of July 2010). Results were expected to improve with further optimisation of
manganese removal (as well as other ongoing water quality works). The proponent has
provided subsequent reporting to demonstrate that in many cases the objectives were
achieved after completion of the project. This is indicated in assessments here.
Measure 1: Improved chlorine residual in treated water c.f. current range of 0 – 1.9 mg/L
and median of 0.07 mg/L (target 0.2 mg/L).
Assessment (final project report): Chlorine residual range of 0 – 1.6 mg/L and median of
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267
0.23 mg/L
Achieved based on median. Incidences of 0 mg/L reported indicate target not always
achieved. No major improvement in most recent report.
Measure 2: Improved pH in treated water c.f. current range of 4 – 11.9 and median of 8.1
(target 6.5 – 8.5).
Assessment (final project report): pH range 7 – 10 and median of 7.6
Not achieved, range greater than required target.
Subsequent reporting shows range of 7.1 – 8.8 (closer to target range).
Measure 3: Improved alkalinity in treated water c.f. current range of 8 – 80 mg/L and
median of 30 mg/L (target 45 mg/L).
Assessment: Range of 12 – 62 mg/L and median of 45 mg/L
Achieved based on median, range shows measurements below the target.
Minimum in subsequent reports of 22 mg/L, showing closer to objective.
Measure 4: Reduced total manganese in treated water c.f. current range of 0 – 9.4 mg/L
and median of 0.11 mg/L (target 0.02 mg/L).
Assessment: Total manganese range of 0.003 – 0.25 mg/L and median of 0.03 mg/L
During project: Partially achieved – improvement but target not reached.
Subsequent report shows median of 0.01 mg/L and range of 0.01 – 0.07 mg/L
demonstrating objective achieved.
Measure 5: Reduced iron in treated water c.f. current range of 0 – 60 mg/L and median
of 1.7 mg/L (target 0.3 mg/L).
Assessment: total iron range of 0.01 – 0.17 mg/L and median of 0.02 mg/L.
Achieved.
Objective 3: Reduce the incidence of discoloured water and deal more effectively
with events and complaints.
Measure: 40% reduction in the total number of complaints over a 2-year period from
2006 – 2007 to 2008 – 2009.
Assessment: 42% reduction in the number of water quality incidents in 2008/09
compared with those in 2006/07.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 7. Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
Improvement in water quality is evidenced by the testing conducted. This demonstrates
the project has been consistent with improving the safety of the water supply in Woy
Woy.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
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268
Has the project increased or advanced
the state of development of
technology/technologies in water use in
the water industry?
During the project the council ran trials on two different
technologies to improve the efficiency and reducing operating cost
of water main cleaning. The results were as follows:
1. Sound wave cleaning – this did not produce any worthwhile
improvement and was not pursued further.
2. Ice-picking cleaning – Woy Woy was the first place in Australia
to trial this technology and the results were found to be
promising. The council has gone on to develop this technology
for use in the system as it is expected to provide reduces costs
and labour requirements compared to the traditional swabbing
techniques.
The Woy Woy experience with mains cleaning technologies, in
particular the ice-picking method, has provided a basis for this
method to be adopted or trialled elsewhere in Australia.
Has the project increased or advanced
the uptake of technology/ technologies
in water use in the water industry?
In addition to the novel mains-cleaning technologies, a number of
different modern methods for water quality testing were trialled to
see what was most appropriate for their needs. This led to uptake
of optimum fit for purpose equipment.
Has the project increased or advanced
the state of development of practices in
relation to water use in the water
industry?
The overall program has advanced the state of development of
water supply management by taking a system wide assessment
and improvement approach. In particular, the methodical
assessment against objectives demonstrates a targeted approach
to improving water quality. Although this is not new it does show a
development in water management practices that may be adopted
elsewhere.
Has the project increased or advanced
the uptake of practices in water use in
the water industry?
The project has advanced the uptake of value engineering and
systematic approach to water supply management. In particular,
the considered approach to capital works implementation (with
assessment of re-chlorination/detention times over installation of
mixers) shows a shift towards minimising capital works and
optimising process control.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA provided
support to project proponents to adapt
to changing circumstances?
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Recognition/agreement that change in scope of outcomes was
required during the project, including:

Milestone 4 – recognition that a systematic assessment of rechlorination/detention times in the system was required rather
than immediate installation of mixers in the reservoirs. Shifted
attention to planning and immediate roofing upgrade
requirements at reservoirs.

Milestone 6.3 – change in the pipe trunk to which swabbing
infrastructure could be implemented due to delay in upgrade of
the Woy Woy PRV.
269
In general, WSA was flexible at accepting alternate use of funds
where justification was provided for re-scoping or delays.
The proponent found the level of communication and flexibility met
their needs at all stages of the project.
Were there any unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project, technically,
institutionally, or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
There were several short-term delays in meeting outcomes
however none of these could be classified as “unexpected”.
Unexpected positive outcome: found that the process of prechlorination intended to reduce manganese levels had the
advantage of also reducing chlorine decay.
In general found that small improvements in process at source
resulted in significant improvements in downstream operation.
Describe any lessons learned from the
project in regard to implementation of
the project itself or the administration of
the project by the Department
Lessons learned: It is better to start at a planning and process
improvement level rather than installing additional capital works or
using short-term measures. For example:
1. Rather than installing additional mixers in reservoirs, it was
preferable to look at reduced detention times and re-evaluate
re-chlorination requirements.
2. Rather than flushing out mains downstream it is more
advantageous long-term to look at the sources of discolouration
upstream. In particular a reduction of manganese in water led
to long term improvement, whereas flushing improvements
were only short term.
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Project Title
7.10
Project
Proponent
QLD: Capricorn Coast
Water Supply Pipeline
from Fitzroy River and
Associated
Infrastructure
Date Funding
Agreement signed
28/11/2006
Rockhampton Regional Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
30/09/2008
Project Location
Rockhampton, Tropic of Capricorn
State
QLD
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$16,467,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$49,400,000
NWI Objective/s

7. Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
Project Summary Description:
This project involved the construction of a 30 km pipeline and associated works from the Fitzroy River
barrage and Glenmore Water Treatment Plant to the Capricorn Coast’s water distribution system. Completion
of the Rockhampton to Yepoon Water Supply Pipeline has provided a safe and reliable drinking water supply
from the Fitzroy River to meet the water demand of the Capricorn Coast. This will ensure long term needs of
the area are met, including sufficient supply for future development (forecast to meet supply for 30 years). It
will also allow protection of Sandy Creek.
Project Objective/s

Supplement the safe yield of the existing Waterpark Creek source;

Ensure the longer term water requirements of the Capricorn coast can be met;

Overcome the need for the Capricorn Coast to be regularly placed on severe water restrictions;

Reduce reliance on the need to maximise the extraction of water supplies from Waterpark Creek during
periods of low base flow in Waterpark Creek;

Protect Sandy Creek from utilisation as a bulk water supply for consumptive use;

Provide an opportunity for the Owner/Operator of the existing Fitzroy River storage and water treatment
facility to achieve greater efficiency and cost effectiveness in operation by increasing throughput;

Overcome potential problems resulting from an existing and continuing reduction in rainfall on the Central
Coast of Queensland; and

Facilitate investment and deliver more effective and efficient management of water in both the Capricorn
Coast and Rockhampton urban environments.
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List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
1. Infrastructure – all completed with variations as noted due to redesign in
optimisation of infrastructure
a. Pipeline A: From the existing Yaamba Rd Reservoir in Rockhampton to
Yeppoon West Reservoir, 5.0 km of 750 mm dia. and 24.4 km of 600 mm dia.
via the Rockhampton -Yeppoon Road;
Largely constructed as per described except for redesigns as per below (i.e. no Yeppoon
West Reservoir but instead a reservoir at Boundary Hill and associated changes)
b. Pipeline B: From Yeppoon West Reservoir to existing Taranganbah
Reservoir, 6.4 km of 750 mm dia. via Rockhampton-Yeppoon Rd to link into
existing Capricorn coast distribution system.
Largely constructed as per described except for redesigns as per below (i.e. no Yeppoon
West Reservoir but instead a reservoir at Boundary Hill and associated changes)
c. Pipeline C: From St Faiths Reservoir to Yeppoon West Reservoir, 9.6 km of
600 mm dia. via Limestone Creek Rd, corduroy Rd, Neils Rd.
Largely constructed as per described except for redesigns as per below (i.e. no Yeppoon
West Reservoir but instead a reservoir at Boundary Hill and associated changes)
d. Yaamba Pump Station: Pump station is to be located near the start of the
pipeline with Rockhampton City and is required to transfer water from
Rockhampton to the Yeppoon West Reservoir.
Complete
e. Yeppoon West Reservoir: 7.5 ML reservoir to accept treated water from
Livingstone Shire’s existing Woodbury Water Treatment Plant and from
Rockhampton before transfer to the Capricorn Coast distribution system.
This was found to not be feasible and was not included in the final project following
redesign of the system. The original design was reported to substantiate how this would
be feasible.
f.
Boundary Reservoir: 4 ML at the high point in the pipeline incorporating a
re-chlorination facility.
This reservoir was redesigned to 10 ML and completed.
g. Yeppoon West pump station to be located at the Yeppoon West Reservoir
site and required to transfer water from the mixing reservoir to the existing
trunk distribution system.
This was found to not be feasible and was not included in the final project following
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redesign of the system. The original design was reported no to substantiate how this
would be feasible.
2. Additional items
a. Produce drought and demand management plans that will provide a balance
between a reliable water supply for the community and specific
environmental outcomes.
Reference to drought management plan and subsequent review provided in final report.
This work is currently in progress (as reported by Council in June 2012) and is pending
finalisation of a community driven decision around the operating regime of the pipeline
(potential non-operation unless during Waterpark Creek scarcity of supply).
b. Develop criteria for post project reviews of each source with the object of
ensuring each source (Fitzroy River and Waterpark Creek) is managed in an
appropriate environmental manner.
This work is currently in progress (as reported by Council in June 2012) and is pending
finalisation of a community driven decision around the operating regime of the pipeline
(potential non-operation unless during Waterpark Creek scarcity of supply).
c. Demonstrate to the public of Central Queensland the importance and value
of delivering long-term sustainability and environmental outcomes, by
promotion of water usage understanding and awareness within the
community served by Livingstone Shire Council (now part of Rockhampton
Regional Council).
Have demonstrated this to some extent with publicity of the project (e.g. public release of
final report and community launching of the pipeline project.) Completion of this will
depend on the outcomes of the community driven decision to determine the extent of the
pipeline’s future operation.
d. Monitor water consumption, ensuring that per capita consumption continues
to reduce.
To date there is insufficient data to provide a meaningful comparison, due mainly to two
very different demand years (i.e. above average rainfall causing reduced demand
followed by a year approaching maximum demand levels). Another year or two of data is
required to provide a complete analysis. The removal of water restrictions in early 2011
is another complicating factor in this analysis.
Unknown/
Insufficient info
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
Completion of the Rockhampton to Yepoon Water Supply Pipeline has provided a safe
and reliable drinking water supply from the Fitzroy River to meet the water demand of
the Capricorn Coast. This will ensure long term needs of the area are met, including
sufficient supply for future development (forecast to meet supply for 30 years). It will
also allow protection of Sandy Creek. The completion of the outcomes is therefore
consistent with the objectives. There is documentation to indicate that objectives a – h
as listed above have been met with specific reference to the capital works and outcomes
provided in the final report.
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To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?

NWI Objective: 7. Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
The project has provided increased reliability of water supply to the Capricorn Coast and
is therefore consistent with this objective.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
There are no new technologies used in this project – the focus is on innovation in
management strategies.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
There are no new technologies used in this project – the focus is on innovation in
management strategies.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The grid-style connection of Rockhampton and Capricorn Coast Water Supply
Schemes together with the local government amalgamations provided the
opportunity to optimise the effectiveness and efficiency of these two water supplies.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The project encourages the uptake of mutual cooperation between councils and
across all levels of government to ensure water supply management is optimised.
The project was promoted by the proponent through websites, newsletters and
other media.
However, the latest technology has been applied – e.g. the capacity for 24 hr
remote monitoring of the pipeline.
The particular project allowed for transfer of water from the highly reliable Fitzroy
basin to the smaller catchment of Waterpark Creek. Although this style of
management of resources is not new, it is innovative in terms of the political,
environmental and social considerations factored into the strategy proposed.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
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WSA showed flexibility to meeting the proponent needs/changed requirements.
The final report states that the project has “evolved to meet a number of changes
that have occurred prior to its completion. Significantly, these changes have
included but are not limited to local government amalgamations within Queensland
that led to the formation of the Rockhampton Regional Council, project
management changes following the amalgamation process, project design changes
following further critical review and identification of opportunities for design
optimisation, and altered timeframes for project delivery and completion following
these project redesigns and some delays in delivery of the construction program.”
274
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
The contractor raised concerns about the adequacy of the design for the reservoirs.
These concerns were raised with the designers who responded with an assurance
that all designs were adequate. The contractor continued to assert their concerns re
the design adequacy so the Council decided to have a structural check carried out
by a third party. This confirmed that there were concerns with the design. This was
resolved with redesign required throughout the construction phase of the reservoirs.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
In the post local government amalgamation environment, the Rockhampton to
Yeppoon Pipeline Project design was reviewed as a number of fundamental
premises (including the sale of water between separate local governments) were
changed. This resulted in opportunities to reduce capital and operating costs in
particular, opportunities to reduce electricity costs to diminish the greenhouse
carbon footprint of the project. As a result new infrastructure solutions, relating to
pump station and reservoirs were explored and a new design adopted.
This outcome highlighted the benefit of considering water catchment management
across several catchments and with the input of multiple councils and communities
is necessary to optimise supply and storage systems.
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Project Title
7.11
Project
Proponent
Department of Sustainability and
Environment (Vic)
VIC: Ballarat Goldfields
Superpipe
Date Funding
Agreement signed
10/06/2008
Date Completed
(final/last report)
23/05/2008
(delivery agent Central
Highlands Water)
Project Location
Ballarat
State
VIC
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$89,500,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$174,203,479
NWI Objective/s
7- Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
10- Support water markets and trading
Project Summary Description
The project was developed to facilitate the construction of a piped and pumped water supply system of
approximately 87 kilometres linking the Goulburn system to Ballarat's White Swan Reservoir (via the Waranga
Western Channel to Lake Eppalock pipeline) and the purchase of water from willing sellers. The Draft Final
Report (June 2012) indicates that as a result of the project, a total of 20,500 ML per annum of entitlements
had been secured (with 9,400 ML classified as “High-Reliability Water Shares” and 11,100 ML classified as
“Low Reliability Water Shares”) exceeding the 18,000 ML target. This water will be supplied to Central
Highland’s urban and rural customers via the existing Bendigo Interconnect and Lake Eppalock to Bendigo
pipeline.
Project Objective/s
a. Construct a pipeline from Sandhurst Reservoir (Bendigo) to White Swan Reservoir (Ballarat) and
associated infrastructure to enable the transfer of 18 GL/annum of water from Waranga Channel.
b. Obtain permanent water rights to provide the Ballarat reticulated urban water supply system (via
Goldfields Superpipe Pipeline) with the required level of water supply security as specified in the Central
Region Sustainable Water Supply Strategy (2007).
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Construction of a 87 km, 760 mm pipeline from Sandhurst Reservoir at Bendigo to
White Swan Reservoir at Ballarat.
Pipeline laid and commenced operations and commissioning on 19th May 2008.
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Construction of the Sandhurst, Yandoit and Midland pumping stations.
Complete
Eppalock Reservoir to Sandhurst Reservoir – pipeline and pump stations.
The proponent reports that some defect/rectification works to be carried out at the
Eppalock Pump Station in order to complete this project. This work was expected to be
completed in 2012. No further information was available to verify whether these works
had occurred.
Upgrade of power supply.
Mini-hydro operational since November 2009 –the plant is generating sufficient power for
370 households. Approximately 17% of the power used to pump the water from Bendigo
to Ballarat is “recovered” or generated at White Swan.
Completion of land owner compensation claims.
Three property owners had not yet formally accepted compensation claims at the time of
final reporting in April 2012.
Completion of land access points (i.e. gates in properties).
The proponent reports that this has been completed.
Conduct a fair and defensible competitive procurement process to select on or
more contractors to complete the works.
Construction contractors secured and majority of works completed.
Purchase of up to 18,000 ML of water from willing sellers.
At the completion of the project duration under WSA reporting a total of 9500 ML of
entitlements were secured through permanent entitlements, qualifications and temporary
trades for the 2007/08 season.
The proponent indicates in the Draft Final Report (June 2012) of the project that a total
of 20,500 ML of entitlements had been secured (with 9,400 ML classified as “HighReliability Water Shares” and 11,100 ML classified as “Low Reliability Water Shares”).
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has achieved both key objectives in construction of the pipeline and
obtaining of water rights to a total of 20.5 GL (above the initial target).
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 7- Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
The project has improved the reliability of water supply to Ballarat and the surrounding
towns. The storages (as of May 2010 report) now hold more than 2.3 years of supply
under the current Stage 3 restriction levels. Based on projected climate, the Goldfields
Superpipe is expected to secure supplies for the region well beyond 2030.
NWI Objective: 10- Support water markets and trading
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The Central Highlands Water (CHW) has purchased a significant number of water
entitlements as part of the project, supporting the sale of potable-quality water from
irrigation applications for usage as domestic water.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
Based on the available documentation, it appears that standard pipe and pumping
technology was used for this project, albeit on a relatively large scale.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
The project has advanced the uptake of small-scale hydro power technology to be
incorporated into water transfer projects. A mini-hydroelectric power station was
constructed at the White Swan Reservoir and has been operational since November
2009. The resulting power generation is then fed back into the state electricity grid.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The project involves transfer of water from one catchment to another based on a
shortage in the population centre of Ballarat. In this sense it has advanced the
practice of long-distance transfer between catchments in Victoria to cater for
concentrated population expansion in particular locations in regional Victoria and
overcome the potential requirement that regional expansion be limited by water
resources.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The project has increased the uptake of water trading in regional Victoria through
facilitating widespread sale of temporary and permanent water entitlements to CHW.
The need for Central Highlands Water to work co-operatively with a neighbouring
water corporation (Coliban Water) to deliver this project in order to provide a secure
supply of water to Ballarat increased the collaboration between water authorities in
Victoria.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
This project was managed by staff that have since moved on from CHW and
therefore no comment could be made on this from the proponent. In general, the
project delivered outcomes according to the initial milestones and therefore there
was little need for WSA to adapt the program or scope of works.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
At the outset the need for water in Ballarat was known although not the urgency of
this. Ultimately, the project was completed on time and operating in May 2008,
some two months before Ballarat was expected to run out of water.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
CHW report that the setting up a specific internal Project Team provided the vehicle
to deliver this project on time and on budget. This enabled management of the large
number of contractors engaged for the works.
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8
NWI Objective 8: Returned overallocated and overused river
systems to environmentally
sustainable levels of extraction
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279
Project Title
8.1
Project
Proponent
su
Date Funding
Agreement signed
19/11/2007
Murrumbidgee Irrigation Limited
and the Murrumbidgee
Catchment Management
Authority
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Expected to
be June 2012
Project Location
Murrumbidgee Valley, NSW
State
National/NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$2,090,418.27
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
TBC
NWI Objective/s

8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally sustainable
levels of extraction
Project Summary Description
The project aimed to trial the trade in innovative water products, such as options and forward sales contracts,
initially as a pilot project across parts of the Murrumbidgee catchment, and, if successful, potentially across
the wider Murray Darling Basin. The project sought to develop flexible approaches to offering water for
environmental objectives while providing security of water supply for irrigation during dry years.
Water products were to be developed that would allow for water to be sold at low cost per ML from Water
Entitlement Owners to Environmental Water Managers for utilisation to achieve environmental outcomes.
These water products intended to take advantage of each party’s differing requirements for water under varied
climatic conditions, allowing both parties to better achieve their respective commercial and environmental
outcomes.
The project was divided into two phases: the ‘Development Phase’ and the ‘Extension Phase’. The
Development Phase included the following:

The development of the water products;

Defining the primary ecological targets for watering objectives in the Murrumbidgee Valley;

Conduct hydrological and financial modelling to establish relative values and benefits of water products for
potential buyers and sellers;

Develop a final proposal, including appropriate water products and market rules, for establishing an
Environmental Water Exchange that could be implemented in the Extension Phase; and

Conducting stakeholder engagement and enacting a communications strategy throughout the
development of this project.
The Extension Phase included:

The implementation of the proposed Environmental Water Exchange across the Murrumbidgee Valley and
beyond (where practical);

Undertake capacity building with potential sellers in the Murrumbidgee Valley and monitor the operation of
the Exchange to ensure its proper use; and

Consult with stakeholders to gain feedback during the implementation and conduct a review after 12
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months of operation.
The Development Phase activities were generally undertaken as described, although with some difficulty in
some areas. The intent of the funding deed between the parties was to re-commit to the Extension Phase
once the Development Phase was completed.
In early 2010, due to unforseen complicating factors, including that the Murrumbidgee Catchment
Management Authority was no longer the environmental water manager for the region, that there now existed
a Commonwealth Environmental Water Holder who could buy water entitlements for the same purpose as this
project, delays in defining water products, and some legal and administrative issues, the Extension Phase
activities were somewhat reduced in scope to a more limited trial of a trading portal rather than full
implementation of an Environmental Water Exchange. Although the scope was slightly reduced the overall
objectives of the project remained the same.
Having note to the above complications in this project’s history, the project is assessed below in regard to the
original aims and objectives
Project Objective/s

Advance the National Water Initiative by establishing and trialling an Environmental Water Exchange that
enables rural production to be maintained during dry years (when returns to water are highest), and allow
this water to be purchased in wet years and used for Environmental Outcomes.

Improve the capacity of Environmental Water Managers to use market mechanisms as a means of
recovering and using water for Environmental Outcomes, and Water Entitlement Owners to participate in
that market.

Record and report the learnings to enable the extension of this approach more quickly and at lower cost in
other irrigation communities nationally.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
ECONOMIC
An Environmental Water Exchange is established to facilitate water trade between
Water Entitlement Owners and Environmental Water Manages, and essential
regulatory, administrative and governance arrangements are tested.
The minutes from a meeting held in February 2011 between SEWPaC and
Murrumbidgee Irrigation suggests that work is still being done on the trial of the River
Reach products. There is a report of one trade occurring on a trial trading portal,
however, this trade was for water to a commercial entity, not for purchase of water for
the environment. This sale was more for demonstration benefit to prove the trading
system operated correctly. No evidence was available to demonstrate any successful
trading of water for environmental entitlement purposes. It is noted that the project has
been delayed and several milestones were due for completion in 2012.
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Innovative, robust and cost competitive Water Products are developed such that
they encourage Water Entitlement Owners to sell water through the
Environmental Water Exchange.
As evidenced by the “Pilot River Reach products” document, two products have been
developed by the Murrumbidgee River Reach project. The products were based on
either long term or short term transfers of licences to the environment from irrigators.
The products offer a mechanism to improve security to the irrigator by retaining
allocation in dry years while providing water to the environment in wetter and average
years. These products are innovative in the way water security for irrigators can be
enhanced while delivering an environmental benefit. Given the products were still being
trialled at the time the last available documentation the outcome is only partially met.
There is no evidence that these products are finalised or that real sales of the products
have taken place to date.
Innovative, robust and cost competitive Water Products are offered to
Environmental Water Managers such that they are encouraged to buy water
through the Environmental Water Exchange.
See above outcome - products have been developed but are not finalised. Products
produced provide encouragement for the purchasing of entitlements by Environmental
Water Managers because of the flexible arrangements and environmental benefits which
can be further utilised.
ENVIRONMENTAL
Opportunity is provided to acquire up to 40,000 ML per year for Environmental
Outcomes through supply and purchase via the Environmental Water Exchange
The 40,000 ML per year was made available by Murrumbidgee Irrigation Ltd. at the
initiation of project; it was made available through the Environmental Water Exchange
when the Environmental Exchange Framework was produced.
Water acquired by Environmental Water Managers through the Environmental
Water Exchange is shown to maximise Environmental Outcomes including
through appropriate co-ordination with relevant Environmental Water Managers in
the catchment.
Environmental outcomes will take a number of years to be realised once the
Environmental Water Exchange is established - therefore there is not enough
information at present to assess if water purchased through Environmental Water
Exchange will enhance environmental outcomes.
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Increase the supply of Water Products to achieve Environmental Water Outcomes
by up to 40,000 ML per year (and possibly 100,000 GL in future stages) in the
Murrumbidgee Valley.
Given that the trialling of the products is still continuing, according to last available
project documentation provided, and the water products are not finalised, it is inferred
the increase of water available for Environmental Water Outcomes by up to 40,000 ML
per year has not been achieved to date. This requires the uptake of a large number of
landholders and at present none have entered into these agreements. Additionally, as
there have been no trades for environmental water substantiated, any reduced target
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282
from the change of project scope will also not have been met.
SOCIAL
Water Entitlement Owners and Environmental Water Managers are informed about
the opportunities and processes of selling and acquiring water through the
Environmental Waler Exchange.
Progress reports 1 and 3 provide evidence that Water Entitlement Owners have been
informed of the opportunities for selling water through the Environmental Water
Exchange. A series of stakeholder meetings and briefings took place in accordance with
the Project Communication Strategy. The engagement activities were able to attract
more than 350 irrigators from the area to allow feedback, updates and other associated
information to be disseminated throughout the group.
Community understanding and support for the Environmental Water Exchange
and Water Products has been fostered within the Murrumbidgee Valley and
beyond.
To address community education a Communication Strategy was developed and
approved by SEWPaC. Progress reports indicate that a series of stakeholder
engagement meetings and briefing were held. It was apparent that the meetings had
the specific aim of attracting irrigators with potential of entering into the River Reach
agreements. The lack of a good working example of the products made difficult to
convey in real terms and harness support. In all subsequent documentation there is no
discussion of further community engagement or consultation, therefore community wide
understanding and support for the project is assumed to not have been fully established.
A Tool Kit has been developed that documents the Water Products, processes,
outcomes, knowledge gained and lessons earned to enable national
demonstration and rapid and low cost rollout of similar Environmental Water
Exchanges nationally.
Unknown/
Insufficient info
The final progress report indicates that work towards the Tool Kit was still occurring in
April 2010. Further details on the progress of this outcome is not available therefore
there is insufficient information to assess whether this outcome has been achieved.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
Given that the project is still in the extension stage with some elements of the
development still being finalised the project has not yet fully met the objectives.
Establishing and trialling an Environmental Water Exchange: Trialling of the
Environmental Water Exchange has been conducted but the success of the trial is not
yet known/documented. The Environmental Water Exchange has not been fully
established; no real transfers have occurred.
Improve the capacity of Environmental Water Managers to use market
mechanisms: The project has been able to demonstrate that the increases to the
availability of environmental water can be gained through the use of market mechanisms
but the system has not yet been established at a larger market scale.
Record and report the learnings: Given the stage of development of the project the full
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283
range of learnings will not have been captured yet. There is no documentation on
learnings to date either.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally
sustainable levels of extraction
The NWI objective aims to return systems to sustainable levels of extraction. It can be
reasonably assumed that the purchase of 40,000 ML of water per year will assist in
relieving the over allocation in the system. There is however no evidence in the available
documentation that water has been purchased, managed and delivered for
environmental purposes. Therefore the project has been partially compliant with the
objective.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
There has been no advance in the development of technologies because there are
none that have been implemented in association with this project.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of
technology/
technologies in water
use in the water
industry?
There has been no increase in the uptake of technologies because there are none
that have been implemented in association with this project.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of practices in relation
to water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying market based water products in the Murrumbidgee Basin. Water use
practices, in relation to this project, this is defined as supplying environmental
water while retaining water security to irrigators.
The state of development of water products has been advanced by this project.
Water products which make available water in wet years to the environment while
improving security of allocations for irrigators in dry years is a management
innovation and represent advancement in the area.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of practices
in water use in the water
industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating market based water products into environmental water
management standard practices or processes.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as supplying
environmental water while retaining water security to irrigators.
Because of the delays in the extension phase of this project, documents provided
suggest there has been little uptake of products in the Murrumbidgee basin. There
was potential for large community uptake, although a functioning pilot trade was
needed to facilitate this to occur.
Project Performance and Impact
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To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
Initially when delays were experienced in the project, the project management team
sought an extension to the end date of the project. The extension was endorsed by
the Department. Subsequent delays in the project occurred but progress reports
after April 2010 are missing or were not produced to document the review and
approval process. There is little to suggest the Department has followed
subsequent progress of the project apart from a meeting which occurred in
February 2011. A summary of the meeting suggests that there was still a lot to be
done during the remaining 4 months. There is no evidence of further extensions to
the project and no evidence of Milestone achievements in the last year of the
project.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the
project, technically,
institutionally, or in
regard to achievement
of the
outcomes/objectives?
A meeting between Murrumbidgee Irrigation Ltd. and SEWPaC indicates that level
of complexity in the of the River Reach products was unexpectedly high. The
complexities were related to:

Market value methodologies;

Timing of delivery of water;

Allocation triggers and windows;

Environmental values across wet and dry years;

Treatment of carry over and supplementary water entitlements; and

Common law contract arrangements.
It was these complexities that led to the delays in the project and therefore inability
for achieving outcomes.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
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There were no lessons learned documented. A summary of lessons learned was
scheduled to be completed after the trial trade(s) were conducted.
285
Project Title
8.2
Project
Proponent
NSW: Achieving
Sustainable
Groundwater
Entitlements
Date Funding
Agreement signed
4/11/2005
NSW Department of Water and
Energy
Date Completed
(final/last report)
April 2011
Project Location
Lower Gwydir, Lower Lachlan, Lower
Macquarie, Lower Murray, Lower
Murrumbidgee and Upper and Lower
Namoi Valleys.
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$72,266,590.91 (at June 2012)
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
NWI Objective/s
8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally sustainable
levels of extraction
(last update)
TBC
Project Summary Description
The Project involved the implementation of Water Sharing Plans to reduce the water entitlements to
sustainable levels in the Lower Gwydir, Lachlan, Macquarie, Murray, Murrumbidgee and Namoi groundwater
systems.
The implementation of the project resulted in the reduction of the volume of groundwater extraction licences
by calculating a new volume that will see the aquifers being used sustainably. By April 2011 93% of payments
were made to licence holders in compensation for reductions in groundwater licences. The remaining 7% of
money to be paid was delayed either in legal challenges to the reductions or licence holders refusing to
accept the payments.
The project also enabled a variety of projects to be funded which allow the communities and industries
affected by the reduction in licences to be more resilient. $6.8 million worth of proposals were received out of
the available $8.73 million.
Project Objective/s
The Objectives of the Project are to:

Reduce the level of licence holders water entitlements to the Groundwater Systems in order to achieve
long-term sustainable water use of the Groundwater Systems; and

Assist communities located in the Groundwater Systems’ catchments by funding projects conducted by
local industry that improve the local infrastructure and strengthen the local economy.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Definitions:
Not Met
Partially met
GAAC: Groundwater Adjustment Advisory Committee
GAOC: Groundwater Adjustment Officials Committee
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Achieved
286
Unknown/
Insufficient info
The State agrees to manage the Project, including the process for determining the
reduction in licence holders’ water entitlements in the Groundwater Systems and
the making of structural adjustment payments.
This has been achieved as evidenced by the completion of Milestones 1 to 7. However,
no substantiating evidence on the degree and/or extent of the level of management is
available.
The State is responsible for determining:
A. the history of water extraction for all licence holders in each Groundwater
System;
B the proportion of water entitlement referred to as inactive’ water for all licence
holders in the Groundwater Systems: and
C. the value of ‘active’ and ‘inactive’ water for each Groundwater System:
Through evidence of completion of Milestone 1 which values the ‘active’ and ‘inactive’
water for each Groundwater System it can be inferred that the proportion and total value
of the ‘active’ and ‘inactive’ water have been determined, although substantiating
documentation has not been supplied.
The completion of Milestone 4 confirms that the History of Extraction information for all of
the Groundwater Systems licence holders was received by GAOC. Given the lack of
direct evidence it is inferred from the completion of Milestone 4 that the history of
extraction for each of the Groundwater Systems has been determined.
The State agrees to obtain an independent fair and reasonable valuation for
tradeable ‘active’ water for each Groundwater System;
This outcome has been achieved through the engagement of an independent consultant
with over 35 years’ experience in the valuation, extensive knowledge of the water
industry and water policy. This information is sourced from the project Milestone 1 report.
The State agrees to conduct open and transparent consultations with all licence
holders of the Groundwater Systems regarding
A. the process for amending or developing the relevant Water Sharing Plan.
B. the methodologies (including the history of extraction methodology) to be used
to determine the reductions of water entitlements and the structural adjustment
payments relating to the Groundwater Systems.
The completion of Milestone 3 included the following activities:
 Information packs were sent to each licence holder with details regarding the
proposed reduction in water entitlements and changes to structural adjustment
payments. Methodologies for determination of reductions and financial assistance
were also outlined.

Licence holders were invited to provide feedback on the proposed changes to
licences and the water sharing plans. On receiving feedback recommendations were
made, which were subsequently approved and added to the groundwater sharing
plans.
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Although there is no substantiating evidence, the completion of Milestone 3 is used to
infer completion of these tasks.
After the State has conducted the consultation the State agrees to develop a
proposed methodology for reducing water entitlements to the Groundwater
Systems that takes into account a licence holder’s historical extraction of water
from the relevant Groundwater System(s), and achieves after 10-years the
following overall reductions in water entitlements in respect of each of the
Groundwater Systems:
A. A reduction of 37,809 ML (or 57%) in the Lower Gwydir
B A reduction of 119,417 ML (or 56%) in the Lower Lachlan:
C. A reduction of 70,303 ML (or 56%) in the Lower Macquarie:
D. A reduction of 167,000 ML (or 68%) in the Lower Murray;
E. A reduction of 252,233 ML (or 49%) in the Lower Murrumbidgee; and
F A reduction of 271,700 ML (or 62%) in the Upper and Lower Namoi.
As approved by the NSW Minister for Natural Resources in the Milestone 5 report,
methodologies were developed that achieve reductions in water entitlements and
accompanying structural adjustment payments. As calculated by the department, the
reductions in licences over the 10 year period are as follows:
A. 38,413 ML (54%) in the Lower Gwydir,
B. 116,269 ML (55%) in the Lower Lachlan,
C. 62,278 ML (50%) in the Lower Macquarie
D. 184,029 (69%) in the Lower Murray,
E. 244,622 ML (48%) in the Lower Murrumbidgee, and
F. 271,766 ML (57%) in the Upper and Lower Namoi,
The reductions are in most cases less than the outcome goal though it is suggested in
the report that this is due to rounding and inclusion of town water supply and stock
licences. Therefore it is considered that the outcome has been fully met by the project.
The State agrees that the GAAC and the GAOC must review the methodology for
reducing licence holders water entitlements for the Groundwater Systems and that
the initial methodology used to establish the entitlement reduction must be agreed
to by the Prime Minister and the NSW Premier.
As evidenced in the Milestone 5 report, the reviews and agreements have been made by
the appropriate parties. The NSW Minster for Natural Resources agreed on the
procedures on behalf of the Premier and the Parliamentary Secretary to the Prime
Minister has agreed on behalf of the Prime Minister.
The State agrees to develop a package of upfront ex gratia structural adjustment
payments to licence holders of Groundwater Systems for the purpose of assisting
those licence holders manage the impact of their reduced water entitlements. The
State acknowledges that GAAC and GAOC must review the methodology for the
making of structural adjustment payments to licence holders The State agrees
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that the methodology used to establish the bulk structural adjustment required for
each water source must be approved by the Prime Minister and the NSW Premier.
As evidenced in the Milestone 5 report, the reviews and agreements on the package of
structural adjustment payments have been made by the appropriate parties. The NSW
Minster for Natural Resources agreed to the procedures on behalf of the Premier and
the Parliamentary Secretary to the Prime Minister has agreed on behalf of the Prime
Minister.
The State agrees that in reviewing the reduction in entitlement and structural
adjustment methodologies the GAAC and the GAOC may require the State to
provide further information regarding or recommend changes to, the
methodologies the State has developed. Both parties acknowledge that the GAAC
or the GAOC cannot change the total entitlement available for distribution nor the
total amount of structural adjustment payments available (being $125 million).
There is no evidence that information exchange has occurred although the tasks that
required this information have been completed. The agreement was made between the
State and Federal governments regarding the adjusted methodologies for compensation
calculation; therefore it is inferred that the State has provided any information required
by GAAC and GAOC in the review process.
The State agrees to convert all water licences in the Groundwater Systems to
licences under the Water Management Act 2000.
Milestone 6 requires that at the commencement of the Groundwater Sharing Plans all
property account licences (under the Water Act 1912) be converted to aquifer access
licences and supplementary water access licenses under the new Water Management
Act 2000. There is a lack of substantiating evidence therefore it is inferred from the
completion of the Milestone 6 that this outcome has been met.
The State agrees to gazette new or amended Water Sharing Plans for the
Groundwater Systems that:
A. commence on 1 October 2007;
B. implement the water entitlement reduction methodology for the Groundwater
Systems approved by the NSW Minister for Natural Resources (which is
consistent with the methodology approved by the Prime Minister and the NSW
Premier); and
C. provide for the structural adjustment payments to adversely affected licence
holders of the Groundwater Systems as approved by the Prime Minister and the
NSW Premier.
According to progress report 2, Groundwater Sharing Plans and therefore water
entitlement reductions and structural adjustment payments were implemented in the
Lower Gwydir, Lower Macquarie and Lower Murrumbidgee on 1st October 2006. The
Upper and Lower Namoi and Lower Murray Groundwater Plans commented on the 1 st of
November 2006. The Lower Lachlan sharing was expected to be implemented in
October 2007 at the time of reporting (December 2006).
The latest progress report made it apparent that 93% of structural adjustment payments
have been received by entitlement holders. The uptake of structural adjustment
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payments indicates that Groundwater Sharing Plans were implemented in all of the
groundwater areas.
The State agrees that, at the commencement of the Water Sharing Plan for each
Groundwater System, each affected licence holder will receive a Supplementary
Access Licence (SAL’) that:
A. allows the licence holder to access water in excess of their final water
entitlement (reached in 10 years) but not in excess of the licence holder’s
historical extraction of the Groundwater System; and
Unknown/
Insufficient info
B. is reduced over the 10 year period of the Water Sharing Plan so that at the end
of the 10 year period a SAL provides no water access rights to the licence holder.
As stated in Milestone 5 SAL entitlements have been issued by the State to licence
holders but there is no evidence that the SAL entitlements have connections to historic
water use or that the SAL entitlements are reduced to over the ten year period.
In 2006-07 and after the commencement of the Water Sharing Plans the State
agrees to make the upfront and ex gratia structural adjustment payments referred
to in paragraph above and undertake all administration associated with the
making of those payments. The State agrees, in making structural adjustment
payments, that:
A. the Commonwealth is not required to provide any Funding to the State for the
making of structural adjustment payments to licence holders until the State has
provided the Commonwealth with a detailed payment schedule that shows the
timing and amounts of those payments:
B. the maximum amount of structural adjustment payments is $125 million and
that the cost of each structural adjustment payment is to be shared equally
between the Funds and State Contributions;
C. each structural adjustment payment must not exceed two-thirds of the final
value of a licence holder’s water entitlement reduction at the end of the 10 year
period; and
D. the State’s share of each structural adjustment payment must be reduced by
the amount (if any) of any structural adjustment payments the State previously
made to that licence holder under the New South Wales Groundwater Structural
Adjustment Package (GSAP).
As cited in the Milestone 6 & 7 report “the State providing the Commonwealth with a
detailed payment schedule…” suggesting that with the completion of this Milestone the
detailed payment schedule has been supplied to the Commonwealth, meeting part A of
this outcome. The latest progress report indicates that $114.166 million has been paid to
licensees in structure adjustment payments evidencing that part B has also been met.
Given that parts C and D of the outcome specify in-depth payment parameters which are
not likely to be discussed in high level project documentation it is not likely that evidence
will exist of that the outcome has been met. It is therefore considered that this outcome
has been met.
The State agrees to establish a Community Development Fund (‘CDF’) to provide
funding to industries and communities affected by the reduced level of primary
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production as a result of the overall drop in water use in a Groundwater System.
Progress report 3 indicates that GAAC has assessed all CDF proposals put forward by
each CMA. This information confirms that the Community Development Fund has been
created. The report also lists the projects which have been accepted and recommended
to GAOC,
The State agrees to develop draft guidelines and eligibility criteria for the
Community Development Fund (CDF), which must be reviewed by the GAAC,
agreed to by GAOC and approved by both the Prime Minister and NSW Premier.
The draft programme guidelines and eligibility criteria must ensure that projects
funded by the CDF are completed by 30 June 2007.
The broad timeframe for the Community Development Fund is as follows:

Guidelines and eligibility criteria for the CDF agreed by the Commonwealth and
NSW Ministers by 31 October 2006;

All CDF projects announced by 31 October 2007;

Final milestones completed for all CDF projects by 30 June 2008;

Final payments under the CDF by 30 June 2008.
The existence of eligibility criteria is evidenced in the progress report 2, which states that
the “GAOC approved the revised eligibility criteria”. Only $6.365 million of the total $8.73
million of CDF funds was allocated due to applications being “insufficient and
unsuitable". Progress report 3 indicates that $520,000 worth of projects were not
accepted because unsuitable, therefore $6.885 million worth of submissions to the CDF
were received.
Final payments have been made to the CDF projects, in light of there being no further
evidence, it to be inferred that final milestones for these projects have been completed.
The State agrees to invite project submissions through an open and competitive
application process and to issue requests for and receive applications for CDF
funding from communities in the Groundwater Systems catchments.
Unknown/
Insufficient info
There is insufficient information provided in the documentation of this project to assess if
an open and competitive application process for CDF funded projects took place.
The State agrees that all applications for CDF funding that the State receives will
be prioritised by the GAAC and assessed by the GAOC and the State may only pay
CDF funding in respect of projects that have been approved by both the
Commonwealth and NSW Ministers;
There is insufficient information provided in the documentation of this project to assess if
funding approval for CDF projects was given by the both Commonwealth and NSW
Ministers. Although there is evidence that the GAOC did accept and recommend
particular projects. The Progress Report 3 lists projects which have been deemed to
meet the criteria and that have been able to gain recommendation from the GAOC.
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Once both the Commonwealth and NSW Ministers have approved CDF funding for
a community development project. the State is required to:
A. enter into a legally enforceable funding agreement with the approved recipient
for the project using a funding agreement template that has been approved by the
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Unknown/
Insufficient info
291
Commonwealth:
B. pay the approved funding to the approved recipient ensuring that the cost of
each such payment s shared equally between the Funds and State Contributions;
C. monitor the recipient’s performance of the approved project;
D. ensure the recipient fully acquits all CDF funding received and returns any
monies not spent on the project to the CDF.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has been consistent with its objectives although it has not been as
successful as expected due to delays in a number of areas of the project particularly in
regard to licence holders’ acceptance of reductions in licence volumes.
The project has been able to reduce the volume of groundwater extraction licences by
calculating a new volume that will see the aquifers being used sustainably. By April 2011
93% of payments were made to licence holders in compensation for reductions in
groundwater licences. The remaining 7% of money to be paid was delayed either in legal
challenges to the reductions or licence holders refusing to accept the payments.
The second objective of the project was to fund a variety of projects which would allow
the communities and industries affected by the reduction in licences to be more resilient.
This proved somewhat successful with a majority of the funding being granted although
only $6.8 million worth of proposals were received out of the available $8.73 million.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally
sustainable levels of extraction
The project has been highly consistent with the NWI objective. The Achieving
Sustainable Groundwater Entitlements project has, with the exception of a few delays,
successfully reduced groundwater extraction licences by 48 to 69% in the various
systems. The reductions in licences will lead to lower extractions which will bring the
seven groundwater systems much closer to sustainable levels.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies in
water use in the water
industry?
The project has had a limited notable impact in the advancement of water use
technologies
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake of
technology/ technologies in
water use in the water
industry?
The state of uptake of water use technologies has not been advanced directly by
this project.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of practices
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for reducing groundwater licence entitlement volumes in NSW.
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in relation to water use in
the water industry?
As part of the project, methodologies were developed to fairly reduce groundwater
entitlements while compensating uses for the loss in entitlement volume. This
method for returning groundwater systems to sustainable levels of extraction has
therefore been advanced through a number of methodological iterations.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake of
practices in water use in
the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating reductions in groundwater license into addressing over allocated
systems standard practices or processes. Water use practices, in relation to this
project, is defined as groundwater extraction for various uses.
Through the use of balanced and fair techniques for calculation reductions, this
project has increased the uptake of licence reduction in groundwater management
in NSW.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to project
proponents to adapt to
changing circumstances?
Water Smart Australia allowed a number of variations to the funding agreement.
These variation changes included the delaying of some key project components
on two occasions and increasing the level of funding by $25 million. Flexibility and
support was shown as the project to meet challenges and unexpected delays.
At present there are still court proceedings taking place, over which the project
team has no control of timing.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to achievement
of the
outcomes/objectives?
It was unexpected that there were such a limited number of project proposals put
in to the CDF. It was expected that all $9 million of the funding would be spent
although only $6.8 million was committed to projects because of the lack of
compliant applications.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project in
regard to implementation of
the project itself or the
administration of the
project by the Department
There are no documented learnings for this project.
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Project Title
8.3
Project
Proponent
NSW: Hydrometric
Network Expansion
Date Funding
Agreement signed
25/9/08
New South Wales Department of
Water and Energy
Date Completed
(final/last report)
20/12/11
Project Location
778 various location in NSW
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$5,949,016
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$5,949,016
NWI Objective/s
8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally sustainable
levels of extraction
Project Summary Description
The project involved the installation, upgrade or relocation of hydrometric gauging stations with real-time
continuous technology that monitors water levels, water flows and inter-related groundwater parameters,
throughout NSW. To achieve the objectives of the project, 32 of the existing hydrometric gauging stations
have been upgraded or relocated while 74 new hydrometric gauging stations have been constructed in
accordance with the appropriate standards for water quantity and quality monitoring. The total network of
monitoring sites requiring communication upgrades numbered 310 sites of which 213 sites have been
completed. The project has achieved greater than 95% data capture for all new established sites except for
two stations where data was lost due to vandalism and floods. A report has been prepared documenting the
research findings and field trials conducted on new technologies and procedures and guidance for field staff
have been or will be developed.
The Project will enable more effective implementation of the Water Sharing Plans (WSP) in NSW.
Project Objective/s

Increase the public availability of accurate data on NSW water resources;

Incorporate efficient, reliable and cost effective leading edge technology into the hydrometric network in
New South Wales;

Improve the measurement of the amount of water that is available to be shared between competing users;

Refine water information supplied to enable government to:
– Account for and protect water for the environment;
– Enforce compliance of licence and water sharing plan conditions, specified in terms of low flow levels;
– Build public confidence in the implementation of the NWI;

Enhance the hydrometric network so it meets national standards and protocols as they are developed by
Bureau of Metrology;

Disseminate Project learning to support the extension of real-time monitoring and reporting networks
nationally;

Ensure the water information and data resulting from this Project is freely and openly available to the
Australian Government for management by the Bureau of Meteorology, consistent with the Water Act
2007 (Cwth); and

Ensure the measurement, collection, management and dissemination of water information and data meets
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nationally agreed standards and protocols, as these standards and protocols are developed by Executive
Steering Committee on Water Resources Information and/or the Bureau of Meteorology.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
The relocation and/or upgrade of 50 existing hydrometric monitoring station
In total, 32 out of the originally proposed 50 existing sites were relocated and/or
upgraded as part of this project. The number of sites to be relocated or upgraded was
revised down from the initial targets (devised in 2005) to reflect New South Wales Office
of Water’s (NOW) WSP requirements in 2008/2009 and help maintain the project’s
allocated budget.
The construction of 128 new hydrometric monitoring stations
In total, 74 out of the originally proposed 128 new sites have been constructed as part of
this project. The number of new sites to be constructed was revised down from the initial
targets (devised in 2005) to reflect NOW’s WSP requirements in 2008/2009 and help
maintain the project’s allocated budget.
The upgrade of 600 existing hydrometric monitoring stations, the NSW
hydrometric data processing system and NSW web-based presentation system so
the NSW wide hydrometric network provides real time data, access and reporting
that meets national standards referred to in Item A.6.e of this Schedule
The total network of monitoring sites requiring communication upgrades was reduced to
310 sites from the originally proposed 600 existing NOW sites to IP communications,
due to delays in the start date of the project. The project has completed 213 sites to date
with the remainder of the sites (68 NextG and 29 satellite) being finalised by March
2012. All instrumentation has been provided to NOW instrument officers who are
currently performing these installations as a matter of priority.
Use of and compliance with appropriate standards for water quantity and quality
monitoring, for the entire hydrometric network including:

Australian Standard 3778 Measurement of Water Flow in Open Channels;

Murray-Darling Basin Commission BSMS Operational Protocols Appendix 2.2
Hydraulic Conditions for an ideal gauge site for determining stream flow; and

Murray-Darling Basin Commission BSMS Operational Protocols Appendix 2.3
Recommended minimum standards and protocols for salinity monitoring;
The protocols outlined in the MDBS Appendix 2.2, and Appendix 2.3, and the standards
outlined in the ‘AS 3778 Measurement of Water Flow in Open Channels’ were followed
by the project team.
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Achievement of greater than 95% data capture for each relevant parameter at each
hydrometric station
The project has achieved greater than 95% data capture for all new established sites
except for two stations where data was lost due to vandalism and floods. The vandalism
issues have been addressed, and flood damage repairs have been completed.
Reporting on the performance of new technologies evaluated as part of this
Project
The project reported on the research findings and field trials conducted on new
technologies including: remote cameras (fixed cameras and web controlled cameras),
radar units, in-situ dopplers, and new development in water quality sensors.
Development and dissemination of protocols, business rules, quality assurance
The final report stated that a detailed procedure will be written to cover all aspects of site
selection to brief new staff and for existing staff to refresh their knowledge.
Instrumentation type standards and standard instrument layout / installation guidelines
were developed to enhance quality assurance and data management. A detailed
summary of project issues and resolutions, as well as project improvements to increase
the efficiency and project management in the future stages is included in the final report.
Procedures and data management techniques for the new technology evaluated
and implemented as part of this Project
Enhancements to the data management system implemented as part of this project
included the implementation of a non-conformance system, the data acquisition system
upgraded to meet extra operational demands, the development of an Interactive Voice
Recognition (IVR) and SMS system. Instrumentation type standards and standard
instrument layout and installation were developed and implemented as part of this
project.
Provision of guidance to the Organisations staff and the community so they are
able to operate the new systems and practices established as part of this Project
The project report stated that a detailed procedure will be written to cover all aspects of
site selection for new staff and for existing staff to refresh their knowledge. NOW held a
workshop relating to the revision and realignment of the departments’ procedures and
work instructions, where the outcomes from the workshop will be included in the revised
procedure. Instrumentation type standards and standard instrument layout and
installation developed in this project provide a standardised approach for staff to operate
all systems.
Development of a forward business plan for the continuous improvement and
maintenance of NSW hydrometric network
The final report included a detailed summary of project issues and resolutions, as well as
project improvements to increase the efficiency and project management in the future
stages. However, it did not include a forward business plan for the continuous
improvement and maintenance of the NSW hydrometric system.
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To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has been consistent with the objectives it set out to achieve initially:

The availability of real time water data to the web has increased the amount of
publicly available accurate data on NSW water resources, where the processing and
transfer of the received logger data is completed within minutes and available on
NOW’s web page and BoM systems.

Efficient, reliable and cost effective leading edge technology has been incorporated
into the hydrometric network in NSW, through the standardisation of instrumentation
and upgrade to the latest technology, providing improved performance and reliability
in the monitoring network for the foreseeable future. However, there was no evidence
of a pilot trial being conducted to test that the standardised logger equipment will be
robust and cost

Water information and data from this project is now freely and openly available to the
Australian Government for management by the Bureau of Meteorology, consistent
with the Water Act 2007 (Cwth), via the online website.

The amount of water that is available to be shared between competing users is being
measured through the establishment of new WSP monitoring sites and the
upgrade/relocation of existing WSP monitoring sites.

The establishment of new WSP monitoring sites and the upgrade/relocation of
existing WSP sites works, to increase the accuracy and amount of water information
provided to the government (height and flow and stream condition), will enable
informed management decisions regarding available water and facilitate achieving
compliance with WSP rules. Additionally, the installation of surface – groundwater
interaction sites will provide long term research and analysis on the extent of surface
and groundwater interaction for WSP development and implementation.

The sites were established under NOW’s existing procedures and work instructions
as well as complying with standard ‘AS 3778 Measurement of Water Flow in Open
Channels’. The sites will be operated and maintained by NOW’s hydrometric unit
following procedures and work instructions under their quality assurance certification.

The upgraded sites also provide additional benefits to the public through secondary
uses of the data and information. These sites create a greater network of data and
information for flood warnings provided by the Bureau of Meteorology and State SES.

Project learning were disseminated in the final report to support the extension of realtime monitoring and reporting networks nationally.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally
sustainable levels of extraction
While the upgrade or relocation of existing monitoring sites and the establishment of new
monitoring sites does not directly return over-allocated water to the environment, it
allows for the monitoring and control of water extraction, to identify water availability, and
improve water sharing models. Reliable data information (height and flow and stream
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condition) provided from the sites will enable informed management decision regarding
the available water and facilitate achieving compliance with WSP rules. Additionally, the
installation of surface – groundwater interaction sites will provide long term research and
analysis on the surface and groundwater interaction for WSP development and
implementation.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is the installation, upgrade or
relocation of hydrometric gauging stations with real-time continuous technology is
defined as the best techniques for monitoring water levels, water flows and interrelated groundwater parameters, throughout NSW.
The project has increased the quantity and quality of data dissemination in the
water industry, and made advances in the development of the technology through
research and development into new monitoring and data management
technologies.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating real-time monitoring of water related parameters into Water Sharing
Plans (WSP) standard practices or processes in NSW.
This project has been very successful in incorporating and advancing these current
technologies in this specific project, and research and development into satellite IP
communications for hydrometric application (completed as a by-product of this
project) has provided a reliable satellite system for the project and acted as a pilot
study for the technology application, which can be applied to the water industry as a
whole.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is the installation, upgrade or
relocation of hydrometric gauging stations with real-time continuous technology is
defined as the best techniques for monitoring water levels, water flows and interrelated groundwater parameters, throughout NSW.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, are defined as compliance with
appropriate standards for water quantity and quality monitoring.
This project has advanced the state of development of water use practices through
the development of instrumentation type standards, and standard instrument layout
and installation. This project has also resulted in the update of NOW Water
Monitoring (Hydrometric) unit’s work procedures and instructions, as well as NOW
assisting with the development of procedures and work instructions for the national
standards being drafted by the BoM.
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Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, as the act of accepting and incorporating real-time
monitoring of water related parameters into Water Sharing Plans (WSP) standard
practices or processes in NSW.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, are defined as compliance with
appropriate standards for water quantity and quality monitoring.
Water use practises were successfully implemented in this project, and the alliance
formed with BoM to assist with the development of procedures and work
instructions for the national standards will advance the uptake of the water use
practices in the future.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
The project experienced some difficulty meeting certain milestones due to a number
of issues which caused delays in the project timeline. The WSA provided support
throughout the project by revising the project implementation plan to reduce the
number of project outcomes and provide a more achievable project scope. This
allowed the project to be delivered within the required time-frame and budget limits.
Although the project did not specifically fund the research and development into
satellite (IP) communications, considerable information was gathered on the IP
communications for the hydrometric application. This project acted as a pilot study,
and demonstrated that satellite system was reliable for the project. Many similar
agencies (including BoM and Department of Queensland) have expressed an
interest in this development resulting in an expanded national and international
market.
The installation of tilt poles (single person operation) at the projects groundwater
bore sites provided an engineered solution for the OH&S concerns of working at
height by staff.
The development and implementation of instrumentation type standards and
standard instrument layout and installation in this project provided a standard
approach which can be adopted across the water industry for similar hydrometric
upgrades and expansions in different locations.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
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During the project period numerous governance, management and technical issues
were encountered, which caused significant project scope changes and affected the
ability to meet key objectives and milestones. When undertaking future stages of
the project, it is important to discuss the project objectives, scope and time-line with
all project personnel at the project initiation to ensure that adequate resources,
finances and time is allocated to successfully deliver the project, including
allowances for delays from external parties and climate related issues.
299
Project Title
8.4
Project
Proponent
NSW: Pipeline NSW
Project
Date Funding
Agreement signed
23/7/2009
NSW Government – Department
of Water and Energy
Date Completed
(final/last report)
16/1/2012
Project Location
Lower Gwydir, Lower Barwon and Lower
Lachlan Rivers, NSW
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$3,500,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$7,000,000
NWI Objective/s
8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally sustainable
levels of extraction
(last report)
Project Summary Description
The Pipeline NSW Project is a $7M jointly funded program between the Commonwealth and NSW
governments to pipe open channels which deliver stock & domestic water from NSW rivers. The NSW Office
of Water (NOW) within the NSW Department of Environment, Climate Change & Water (DECCW) has the
responsibility for the implementation of the program in NSW. The project is a pilot scheme that will replace
inefficient open channel stock and domestic and irrigation water delivery systems with piped systems and
storage tanks and troughs.
The project aimed to achieve 7 GL to 13 GL per annum of water savings to be managed for environmental
outcomes; however due to delays, some of which was due to flooding which has affected the piping
construction schedule, this target will not be met. Three schemes will be implemented in NSW central and
northern inland rivers, specifically targeting the areas of the Lower Gwydir, Lower Barwon and Lower Lachlan.
Funding was approved in early August 2009. Contracts for all three schemes have been awarded and pipe
networks are to be completed by June 2012, with water savings estimated to be 4,827 ML per year.
Project Objective/s

Save 7 to 13 GL of water through pipeline schemes to replace open channel systems;

Reduce groundwater accession and associated salinity impacts through reduced seepage and leakage in
the channels;

The water savings will be reallocated and managed for the environment; and

Secure better quality and reliable water supplies for farmers.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
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Save an estimated 7 GL to 13 GL of water per annum from piping the four open
channel systems – this estimate will be refined and finalised when the three
demonstration sites selected are submitted to the Commonwealth for approval.
The project was planned to be completed by 31 May 2011 although there have been
delays, some of which was due to flooding which has affected the piping construction
schedule. All 3 contracts have been awarded and pipe networks are to be completed by
June 2012, with water savings estimated to be 4,827 ML per year.
The work has been delayed and a saving of less than the estimated 7 GL will now be
achieved, therefore the project has partially met this outcome.
Lower Gwydir pipeline: There are over 100 km of channel supplying around 25 farm
dams in the project area. Stock and domestic water is supplied as a replenishment flow
under gravity, usually once a year under the provisions of the Gwydir Water Sharing
Plan (WSP). Current advice is that construction can still be completed by the end of June
2012.
Barwon Channel Association (BCA) pipeline project: -Total pipeline completed to
30/11/11 was 58 km of the total of 170 km. Construction is due to be completed by the
end of May 2012.
Noonamah Water Authority pipeline project: -The Noonamah Water Authority (NWA)
was approved as the project on the Lower Lachlan. Water is presently extracted using a
diesel pump via 150 km of channels which supply 45 farm dams.
Identify suitable locations to undertake pipeline Schemes. A GIS study will be
done within the Organisation using existing data and information. This will include
collating data on Water Access Licence entitlements and allocations for
replenishment flows as provided for in Water Management Plans.
The completion of Milestone 2 is evidenced with suitable locations for the pipeline
Schemes having been identified, although there is no further substantiating
documentation. The GIS study using ArcGIS was completed successfully containing
stock and domestic channels in western NSW. It identified the locations of all stock and
domestic water licences larger than 50 ML/year.
Agree on methodologies and or processes with relevant Catchment Management
Authorities, the Project Steering Committee and the Commonwealth to:

identify water entitlements, average annual flows and losses associated with
open channels;

calculate water savings from piping installation;

undertake environmental, social and economic cost benefit analysis of each
proposed scheme and ranking accordingly;

identify current level of water security.
With the completion of Milestone 2 it can be inferred that agreement was reached with
the relevant Catchment Management Authorities, although there is no substantiating
documentation available.
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Undertake a preliminary cost-benefit assessment of each potential Scheme. The
assessment will include, but is not limited to, the scope of works required
including complete construction estimate with 20% contingencies, the Water
Savings, the environmental and social benefits, potential impacts and any impact
mitigation options. Prioritise Schemes as based on agreed methodologies with
agreement from the Commonwealth.
Milestone 2 includes the requirement that cost-benefit assessments be done on each of
the proposed schemes. With the lack of direct evidence it can be inferred through the
completion of Milestone 2 that this analysis has been conducted and that the Schemes
have been prioritised accordingly.
Undertake a detailed analysis/scoping and costing exercise of the final top four
ranking schemes. The analysis would consider the water savings, pipeline route,
works required for the pipeline and associated infrastructure and project cost
estimates.
Without direct evidence, the completion of Milestones indicates that analysis, scoping
and costing had been completed on the three top ranking schemes, there is however no
evidence that the analysis was carried out on the fourth highest ranking scheme.
Implement actions to ensure reliability of supply for recipients of the stock and
domestic water. This may include variations to Water Access Licence
arrangements or Water Management Plans and will require the support from
appropriate authorities and the local landholders, particularly if they are required
to provide other Contributions.
Unknown/
Insufficient info
There is no evidence in the progress reports or Milestone reports that implementation of
such measures to ensure reliability of supply has occurred. With the documentation
provided it is not possible to assess if this has been achieved.
Obtain written agreement from participants that formally states their participation
in the scheme and their agreement to relinquish any right to the water saved as a
result of the Project.
As part of the development of each of the projects agreement was required from each of
the participants. Therefore this outcome has been met through the completion of
Milestones 2 to 4.
Undertake a tendering process for construction of the Capital Works for each
Scheme.
The progress reports document the use of tendering processes for the construction of
Capital works for each of the three Schemes. The tender process resulted in the Barwon
Channel project construction being awarded to Aquawest Pty Ltd, the Lower Gwydir
project construction being awarded to Darling Irrigation Ltd and the Noonamah project
construction being awarded to Watertight Solutions Ltd.
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Conduct community consultation to promote this Project. Gain landholder support
for implementation of each Scheme. If appropriate, negotiate land holder
contribution (Other Contributions) for relevant Scheme(s).
Although there is no evidence in the documentation of a community consultation strategy
or plan, it is apparent from the progress reports that public meetings were held to
engage and allow for community feedback. Negotiations were held and levels of private
contributions were determined.
Secure all Water Savings to a Water Access Licence and Maintain a register of
Water Savings resulting from this Project.
According to documentation provided this outcome would be completed by April to May
2012. The most recent information at the time of this review was January 2012, no
further information was available to confirm whether this outcome has been completed.
During the Evaluation Period, undertake the Evaluation and Operation Activities to
identify how the use of the completed Capital Works are meeting the Project
Objectives and Outcomes.
The documentation is not available therefore assessment can’t be made as to the
completion of this outcome.
Unknown/
Insufficient info
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
There is little evidence to suggest that better quality water and reliability has been
secured for farmers based on the available documentation, but given the design intent of
the pressurised supply system it is highly likely that this will occur. It is also the case that
with a piped network a reduction in impacts on groundwater through channel seepage
can be expected.
The objective of reallocating water savings to the environment has been met, with
significant amounts of water licenced for environmental water management. Volumes of
savings have been determined through modelling of the channel loses compared to pipe
networks. Actual water savings will need to be verified in the project evaluation process.
The project has partially met the objective of saving 7 to 13 GL of water. Modelling
suggests that under 5 GL will now be saved.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally
sustainable levels of extraction
The project outcomes of generating water savings and creation of environmental water
licences are consistent with the NWI objective. The replacement of inefficient
infrastructure will create water savings. The water generated through savings has been
licenced to the NSW Government which has the role of managing the environmental
water. The extra environmental water and reduced extraction will help return local water
systems to sustainable levels of extraction. Further the project is consistent with the
NWI Objective 3: “Increase productivity and water use efficiency in agriculture”.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
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303
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying efficient water supply technologies in supplying water for rural stock
and domestic uses.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating the use of efficient water supply technologies into supplying water for
rural stock and domestic users as standard practices or processes.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying reallocation of water saving to the environment where infrastructure
modernisation has occurred. Water use practices, in relation to this project, is
defined as environmental flows and management.
There has been no evidence to suggest that this project has improved the state of
development of efficient water supply technologies.
This project has been set up as a pilot project for the replacement of open irrigation
channels throughout rural NSW. The success in generating water savings and
returning water to the environment of this project will help the case for rolling out the
techniques and infrastructure to many other areas of NSW where the possibility of
water saving exist.
This project has been considered to not advance the state of practices in relation to
reallocation of water saving to the environment. Many similar projects have been
conducted and there is no evidence of novel approaches being applied in this case.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating reallocation of water saving to the environment into infrastructure
modernisation standard practices or processes.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as environmental flows
and management.
As a pilot study to demonstrate the ability to return water extraction to sustainable
levels, this project should demonstrate, when completed, that efficient infrastructure
can create environmental benefit where the right policies are in place.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
Changes in the scope of the project that occurred were vetted by the WSA to
facilitate the project to continue. It was identified that delays in getting the project
required the project Milestone dates to be adjusted. WSA has appreciated the
circumstances and supported the recommended changes to the scope and timing of
works for this project.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
There were no unexpected outcomes identified in the available documentation. It is
assumed that the relatively low water savings volume delivered by the project
(under 5 GL) was unexpected
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
No lessons learned were presented in the available documentation.
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implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
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305
Project Title
8.5
Project
Proponent
NSW: NSW Wetland
Recovery Plan
Date Funding
Agreement signed
31/1/2007
NSW Department of climate
Change and the Environment
Date Completed
(final/last report)
28/12/2009
Project Location
Macquarie Marshes and Gwydir Wetlands
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$13,400,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$26,800,000
NWI Objective/s
8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally sustainable
levels of extraction
Project Summary Description
The project was developed to improve the health of the Ramsar listed Macquarie Marshes and Gwydir
wetlands. This was achieved through the implementation of several programs that led to the development and
implementation of a Consultation and Communication Strategy to engage local stakeholders. The
consultation process has allowed the program to reach a balanced sharing of water between stakeholders,
with support from the community. Through the project, the Macquarie Marshes Adaptive Environmental
Management Plan and the Gwydir Wetlands Adaptive Environmental Management Plan have been published
and incorporates Aboriginal heritage values, environmental values and sustainable farming practices
discussed during consultation.
Key performance indicators and a monitoring strategy have been developed and endorsed to assess the
extent to which the Wetland Recovery Plan’s Objectives are achieved.
Through delivery of this project there is now a better understanding of ecological processes of the wetlands.
Research into the integration of wetland management and farming activities has allowed synergies to be
identified, these can be utilised for the benefit of all water uses in the Macquarie Marshes and Gwydir
Wetlands areas.
Project Objective/s
The Objectives of the Plan are to:

Develop better knowledge of wetland processes to support improved decision-making

Achieve healthier wetlands and rivers while maintaining viable human communities.

Build engagement of communities in the management of natural resources within their catchments,
including through the involvement of catchment management authorities.

Build community ownership of the science and research results.

Apply adaptive management principles to the management of the Wetlands.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
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306
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Develop and implement a communication and consultation strategy for the Plan to
be approved by the Commonwealth.
The communication and consultation strategy was supplied and there is evidence that
the milestone which includes the implementation of the strategy was satisfactorily
completed. The strategy identified stakeholders and the methods for consultation, the
methods included: Websites; Brochures and fact sheets, Postcards; Public meetings,
Workshops, Media Releases, and PowerPoint Presentations.
The communication and consultation strategy facilitated local knowledge to be shared
and engagement in the projects objectives, methodologies and research outcomes.
Prepare Environmental Management Plans for the two Wetlands, with a current
description of the ecological character of the two Wetlands.
At the time of writing the final report the Macquarie Marshes Adaptive Environmental
Management Plan had been developed and was released for public consultation on 20
August 2009, the final was expected to be completed by March 2010. The Gwydir
Wetlands Adaptive Environmental Management Plan was delayed and expected to have
been completed by June 2010. Subsequently the final Adaptive Environmental
Management Plans for both wetlands have been finalised and published online.
Develop decision support tools and processes required for environmental water
managers to manage the environmental water effectively to maintain the
ecological character of the Wetlands.
A number of decision support tools were included in the adaptive water plans
themselves. These support tools and guidelines were developed based on information
gathered in the 14 research-based projects funded by the program. The management
plans provide guidelines of management action required to enhance the resilience of the
wetlands as well as decision support systems to assist environmental flow management.
In addition an evaluation framework was developed to assess the ability of water
recovery projects to further the Wetland Recovery Project’s objectives. This was used in
the initial stages of the Wetland Recovery Plan in assessing which individual projects
would receive funding and can be used in future for new proposed projects on the
wetlands.
Develop, undertake and complete a project for rehabilitation of the Marebone
Choke to mitigate local flooding during controlled releases from Burrendong Dam
and tributary inflows.
Although the report for the Marebone Choke Rehabilitation project has not been
provided there is evidence in the final Wetland Recovery Report that the Marebone
Choke rehabilitation was completed successfully.
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Undertake research into Lippia management and disseminate the research results.
Research into Lippia has been conducted in two main areas according to the final
report. These two areas are grazing management and biological control. The report on
the biological control of Lippia has found that it is an extremely damaging invasive
species and that there are a number of possible species which may be able to be used
as biological controls.
Findings on Lippia through the research conducted in relation to the Wetland Recovery
Plan was disseminated through a large number of scientific papers and numerous
conferences presentations. Four conference presentations were had in relation to the
grazing management and eight were conducted with regard to the biological control of
the weed species.
Establish Environmental Water Manager/s that are accountable, effective and
efficient in providing environmental water at the right times and places to achieve
the environmental and other public benefit outcomes specified in the
environmental management plans for the Wetlands.
The Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (DECCW) has
responsibility for management of all government held environmental water within NSW
and seeks advice of environmental water advisory groups in formulating Annual
Watering Plans which integrate decision making for both planned (i.e. allocated through
the provisions of a Water Sharing Plan) and adaptive (i.e. Subject to a water access
licence) environmental water. The Water Use Plans give authority to DECCW to
manage licences linked to the plans via an adaptive environmental water condition on
behalf of the Minister as the licence holder. The department also has the responsibility
for monitoring and reporting environmental water and outcomes targeted and achieved
through the environmental management plans.
Establish principles for the temporary transfer of Water Access Licences
purchased and/or created with Plan Funds, to be agreed by the Parties.
Progress reports provide evidence that states a document was created which stipulated
the principles agreed by the parties for the temporary transfer of Water Access Licences
purchased and/or created with Plan Funds.
Develop key performance indicators and undertake monitoring to assess the
extent to which the Plan’s Objectives are achieved.
Key performance indicators and a monitoring strategy have been developed and
endorsed. These KPIs address the project’s objective as well as the NWI objectives. In
addition each individual project under the program has its own specific KPIs.
Monitoring has been set up to verify if water is being delivered to specified assets, and
will occur in the form of review and analysis of gauged flows, modelling, satellite imagery
review and on-ground determination of inundation extent and ecological response.
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To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
Through the various studies on vegetation mapping, trophic dynamics and ecosystem
function, inundation mapping and hydrological mapping, a better understanding and
knowledge of wetland processes has been developed. The knowledge developed was
used to feed into the adaptive management plans which have been implemented by
DECCW.
An integral part of the program has been the consultation and communication strategy
which was developed and implemented to engage the local stakeholders. The
consultation process has allowed the program to reach a balanced sharing of water
between stakeholders, with support from the community. The program has resulted in
management of the wetlands that incorporates Aboriginal heritage values, environmental
values and sustainable farming practices.
Through delivery of this project there is now a better understanding of ecological
processes of the wetlands. Research into the integration of wetland management and
farming activities has allowed synergies to be identified, these can be utilised for the
benefit of all water uses in the Macquarie Marshes and Gwydir Wetlands areas.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally
sustainable levels of extraction
The program has addressed the over-allocation of water resources in the system by
meeting flow regime requirements of specific ecosystem processes. This has been
achieved by installation of efficient water delivery infrastructure and increase of
environmental water made available through the purchase of water licences.
Identification of the specific inundation requirements in the wetlands was conducted
through 14 research based projects that contributed to management tools contained
within the adaptive environmental management plans. Water savings have been created
through highly targeted use of environmental water, helping return the system to
sustainable levels of extraction.
The program is highly consistent with the NWI objective.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
23/14220/68110
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying efficient infrastructure to wetland management.
There is no evidence of an increased state of development of efficient infrastructure
for wetland management as a result of the project.
309
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating efficient infrastructure into wetland flooding standard practices or
processes.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying extensive community consultation to deliver improvements in wetland
management. Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as
regulated wetland management.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating adaptive environmental management plans into management of
wetland flood regimes standard practices or processes.
The water savings gained through efficient targeted delivery infrastructure in this
project has contributed to improved wetland flood management. This represents an
increased uptake of this existing technology efficient water technology in wetland
management.
The success of this process is largely due to the level of community engagement.
Through the extensive number of workshops, meeting and other engagement
activities the community gained a good understanding the program and its
importance. The development of a layered approach to consultation is an
enhancement on previous consultation strategies, allowing a two way exchange of
information on a both individual project and whole program scales. The new level of
community engagement enhanced ownership and acceptance, leading to the
program’s success. In this way the community consultation practices have been
advanced through this program.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as wetland inundation.
The program has resulted in an increase of uptake of adaptive environmental
management plans in the management of wetlands, specifically in Macquarie
Marshes and Gwydir Wetlands. The success of the program to meet all
stakeholders’ needs is a strong example of the effectiveness of the adaptive
environmental management plans and supportive of increased use in the future.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
Although there were not any official variations made to the funding agreement there
were several delays, to which the Department was flexible in negotiating these
changes to the program. The delays included the Gingham Pipeline construction
being slower than expected (four month delay) due to the unavailability of drilling
crews., The draft adaptive environmental management plans were also delayed by
approximately 6 months, finishing mid-2010 The flexibility shown by the
Department allowed the program to continue to completion.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
No unexpected project outcomes were documented.
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310
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
A lesson has been learnt about the synergies between grazing (productivity) and
environment - the wetlands were surprisingly resilient to the impacts of grazing,
being more susceptible to changes in flow regime. To achieve the balance between
environmental management and grazing, community consultation must be
extensive and the science and research must be equally communicated.
Additional lessons learnt communicated by the NSW Department of Climate
Change and the Environment are:

It is useful to start with small steps. WRP, although limited in funding, explored a
broad range of strategies that provided a step-off point for the larger RERP
project which provided a higher level of investment into water, science,
infrastructure and management for wetlands.

There are significant advantages from science projects being managed and
conducted by internal (DEC/OEH) specialist staff which builds up departmental
expertise and allows ongoing development and multiple uses of project outputs.

It must be recognised that complex projects are subject to unforeseeable delays
and changes in costs. Project managers need to be proactive in keeping funding
bodies aware of problems and funding agreements must be sufficiently flexible
to deal with the need to change funding schedules throughout the project
lifetime.
Further, innovative approaches to integrated investment into wetland recovery and
management were developed which helped to foster inter-agency and intergovernmental cooperation and closer engagement with CMAs and local
communities. The importance of building community ownership was also
established. It is critical that the community is involved in discussion of the science
and research results to create acceptance of the issues and allow for input into
possible solutions and acceptance of limitations and constraints.
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Project Title
8.6
Project
Proponent
QLD: Bundaberg
Groundwater Rescue
Feasibility Study and
Preliminary Design
Date Funding
Agreement signed
15/12/2005
Queensland Department of
Natural Resources and Water
Date Completed
(final/last report)
9/1/2008
Project Location
Bundaberg, QLD
State
QLD
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$227,272
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$454,544
NWI Objective/s
8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally sustainable
levels of extraction
Project Summary Description
This project involved the preparation of a feasibility study and a preliminary design for a proposal to substitute
groundwater entitlements with surface water allocations through an extension of the existing Bundaberg
Water Supply Scheme in the coastal parts of the Bundaberg area. The project was developed with the aim of
identifying options to reduce the stress on the groundwater system. As a result of the project, a feasibility
study into the Bundaberg Groundwater Rescue Plan has been produced. The project has investigated and
recommended a preferred option that will deliver water to irrigators while reducing demand on the over
allocated groundwater system. The reduction in licenses will result in system extractions being closer to
sustainable levels.
Project Objective/s The aims of the project are to:

reducing the stress on the currently overused groundwater system in Bundaberg’s coastal areas, which is
at risk of seawater intrusion; and

returning use of that groundwater system to a more environmentally sustainable level.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Identify and engage all relevant stakeholders;
This outcome was achieved through the creation of a steering committee and the
completion of three tasks, identified in Appendix 1 of the final project report:

The collation and review of existing information (uses, landholders, history,
groundwater availability and reliability);

Information dissemination and stakeholders engagement (shed meetings, mail-out of
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“expression of interest” survey to landholders); and

Summary and evaluation (presentation of results in GIS format, report and summary
documents, mail-out of summary and presentation to the steering committee).
Identify, cost, analyse and compare various alternative options for the provision of
surface water to Bundaberg’s coastal areas at risk;
Appendix 2 of the final report indicates that a Supply Options Study was completed in
July 2007. The study identified 3 potential sources of water to replace the groundwater,
these were:

Recycled municipal wastewater;

Desalinated seawater; and

Water from Paradise Dam.
Undertake a comprehensive social and economic analysis of the implementation
of each of the various options for Groundwater Rescue (including cost
effectiveness and economic viability analysis);
An in depth social and economic study was conducted as part of the feasibility study in
2005. It highlighted the current importance of groundwater for the local economy, and
the requirement for reliable high quality water for irrigation. The study also indicated that
as a result of the higher reliability inherent in the proposed surface water option, the local
economy could benefit from between $2 - $30 million annually.
Where possible, identify and demonstrate innovative practices in the distribution
of surface water resources to the project’s benefited area as identified in the
“Review of the Groundwater Rescue Project - May 2004” Natural Resources and
Mines;
The Preliminary Design and Cost Estimate Report identified limited innovative practices
or technologies in the proposed method for distribution of the water to benefited areas.
Conventional technologies and practices have been utilised in the form of the piping and
pump station configurations.
Identify potential funding models including cost sharing between various
stakeholders and the identification of a rational basis for cost sharing between
Commonwealth, State and local interests.
The final project report has identified four possible funding scenarios given the current
“state of play” with regard to Commonwealth, State and local interests. The four possible
funding scenarios are:

Water users fund the total project costs (user contribution $75.9 million);

Water users pay the full cost ($951.78/ML) of new surface water (user contribution
$22.2 million);

Water users pay $300/ML toward the cost of new surface water (user contribution
$13 million); and

Water users pay in-kind contributions only towards total project costs(user
contribution $8.7 million).
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Identify any water available for the project and a mechanism for securing of water
allocation that complies with NWI and COAG requirements;
Water has been identified as being available within the Paradise Dam to supply the
14,236 ML to irrigators. However, there is limited evidence of a mechanism for securing
the allocation of water having being established and/or progressed.
Identify and recommend a preferred option for Groundwater Rescue and
undertake a preliminary design for that preferred option;
The Appendix 2 of the final report is the preliminary design and cost estimate for the
preferred supply option. The supply network proposed is a combination of a conventional
re lift network and a gravity fed pipeline network.
Ensure that the preferred option and preliminary design for Groundwater Rescue
demonstrates best practice and is consistent with the NWI principles;
The preferred option is consistent with the NWI principle of reducing the over allocation
water systems, it will reduce groundwater licences by 14,236 ML. There is however
limited evidence of best practise consideration in selection of preferred supply option and
infrastructure choices.
Undertake an environmental assessment for the preferred option for Groundwater
Rescue;
An environmental assessment has been undertaken as part of the preliminary design
and cost estimates included in Appendix 2 of the final report. The environmental
assessment “concluded that the Project would likely have a profoundly positive impact
on replenishing of groundwater and reducing the impact of saline water intrusion on
costal agriculture activities”.
Identify how the preferred option for the Project would integrate with other water
planning initiatives regarding groundwater sustainability in the Bundaberg area
and Sunwater’s investigation into upgrading existing infrastructure to supply
additional water from the Burnett River Dam to the Bundaberg area; and
The final report shows that the preferred option would be integrated into the Burnett
River Dam infrastructure upgrade. This would be achieved by utilising the water from the
dam to supply the replaced groundwater entitlements.
The current water planning initiatives are outlined in the Feasibility Study, although the
document does not detail how the proposed option for water supply will be integrated
with these.
Identify the extent to which the preferred option for Groundwater Rescue would
return Bundaberg’s coastal irrigation system to sustainable levels.
The final project report indicates that current usage of the groundwater system is
86,217 ML and the sustainable yield is 64,825 ML (33% over allocated). The preferred
option will reduce the total use in the groundwater system by 14,236 ML which will
reduce the over allocation to approximately 12%.
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To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has investigated and recommended a preferred option that will deliver water
to irrigators while reducing demand on the over allocated groundwater system. The
reduction in licenses will result in system extractions being closer to sustainable levels. It
was initially thought that the reduction in groundwater use would produce a high
reduction in the degree salt water intrusion occurring. However, the feasibility study has
found that this will not be the case. Modelling undertaken as part of the project suggests
that there will be little impact on sea water intrusion from the reduced demand on the
groundwater system. The project has therefore been partially consistent with its
objectives in this regard.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally
sustainable levels of extraction
The project has produced a feasibility study into the Bundaberg Groundwater Rescue
Plan. The plan’s purpose is to reduce the levels of groundwater use by substituting it for
surface or recycled water, bringing the groundwater system closer to sustainable levels
of extraction. This project is therefore consistent with the NWI objective because it is
furthering the Bundaberg Groundwater Rescue Plan which will reduce the over allocation
of the local groundwater system.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
This was not a technologically focused project, it utilised standard modelling and
analysis techniques. Therefore the project did not further the state of development
of technologies.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
This was not a technologically focused project, therefore there was no significant
uptake of technologies that resulted from it.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
In the context of this project, water use practices relates to the conversion water
entitlements from low reliability groundwater to high reliability surface water in
Queensland. The development of mechanisms for transferring entitlements from an
over allocated system to available resources has been advanced through this
feasibility study, particularly in regard to stakeholder engagement. These processes
represent innovation in Queensland regional scale water management.
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Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating broader stakeholder acknowledgement and in-kind support for
entitlement adjustment to address over allocated systems standard practices or
processes.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as large scale irrigation
entitlement adjustments.
The trend in current water reforms is to address water over allocation through
engagement, stakeholder acknowledgement and in-kind support. This project has
furthered uptake in these processes through broader consultation which has
enabled open negotiations leading to proposed joint funding arrangements. Uptake
in stakeholder engagement and in-kind support for adjustments of entitlements
within water reform processes has been furthered through this project.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
Delays in the project were caused by poor landholder response to the client survey
and scoping study. There were further delays experienced due to non-irrigation
water users lobbying to be included in the project. In response to these delays a
request was made to delay Milestone dates. The submission for the changing of
Milestone dates was met with support from the National Water Commission.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
Unexpected outcomes have been:
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
None presented in the available documentation.
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
The delay and poor response to the client survey; and

The limited impact the proposed scheme will have on mitigating saltwater
intrusion.
316
Project Title
8.7
Project
Proponent
SA: Virginia Pipeline
Extension Scheme
Date Funding
Agreement signed
22/10/2007
South Australia Water
Corporation
Date Completed
(final/last report)
March 2010
Project Location
Angle Vale area
State
SA
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$2,035,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$6,500,000
NWI Objective/s
8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally sustainable
levels of extraction
Project Summary Description
The primary purpose of the project was to address over allocation and overuse of the groundwater resources
of the Angle Vale area as well as reducing discharge of nutrients into the marine environment. These
objectives were to be achieved through the extension of the Virginia Pipeline Scheme.
The extension consisted of a small booster pumping station and 18 kilometres of pipelines of various sizes to
supply up to 3,000 ML per year. As part of the process of the review of the Water Allocation Plan for the area,
it was proposed to offer this reclaimed water to irrigators in exchange for their existing groundwater access
entitlements in order to reduce the current over allocation and overuse of groundwater. The
groundwater/‘Class A’ water exchange rate was to be negotiated with local irrigators during the process of
reviewing the local Water Allocation Plan.
Project Objective/s

Contribute to addressing the over allocation and overuse of groundwater in the NAP area through the
substitution of existing groundwater access entitlements with ‘Class A’ water from the Bolivar Wastewater
Treatment Plant.

Reduce the discharge of nutrients to the marine environment through diverting a further 6% of the Bolivar
Wastewater Treatment Plant’s effluent discharge to a productive use.

Secure the long term economic viability of the district by facilitating the over allocation and overuse of
existing groundwater access entitlements whilst minimising the need for any adjustment assistance or
compensation measures.

Demonstrate the feasibility of reusing treated effluent on a large scale for commercial horticultural
production.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
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Extractions from T1 and T2 groundwater aquifers within sustainable levels by
2010.
By March 2010 irrigators had entered into agreements summing to 2,000 ML or more of
groundwater entitlements substituted by recycled water entitlements. The agreements
set out conditions on the groundwater licences to limit water being extracted. The
limitations on the licences relate to the amount of recycled water taken by the licence
holder. According to grant application, use of the groundwater resource in Angle Vale
needed to be reduced by 5,000 – 7,000 ML for the resource to be managed sustainably.
This suggests that groundwater extractions at 2010 were still not sustainable although
the project had limited overuse of the resource.
Uptake of the full 3,000 ML capacity of the expanded scheme by 2010.
Evidenced by the completion of Milestone 4, documentation suggests that legally binding
agreements were entered into summing to at least 2,000 ML of recycled water being
supplied to irrigators. There is further evidence that by November 2007, 2,800 ML of
entitlements had deposits and signed contracts arranged.
Irrigators and associated investors confident that the area is sustainable in terms
of groundwater levels and qualities by 2010.
With the fast uptake of recycled water this suggests that stakeholder support is apparent,
although there is no documentation of confidence in the sustainable groundwater
extraction yield being met.
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Generation of acceptance by other irrigators that exchanging existing
groundwater access entitlements with ‘Class A’ water is a viable mechanism to
address over allocation and overuse with minimal cost and loss of production
capacity. (by 2008).
Evidenced by the quick take up of the 3,000 ML of entitlements it is clear that irrigators in
the Angle Vale see “Class A” recycled water as a viable option over groundwater and the
ability to arrest over allocation with its use.
Reduction in the damage to the marine environment from the discharge of effluent.
(effective on commissioning of scheme).
The progress reports make no reference to environmental outcomes or water nutrient
loads, although through the use of recycled water for irrigation, it is likely that a reduction
in damage from discharge should have occurred. In order to confirm that the use of
recycled water has had a beneficial impact on the marine environment further
information is required, resulting in the outcome being partially met.
Increased use of re-use and recycled
This outcome has been achieved through the creation of the pipeline and the uptake of
recycled water entitlements.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has met its objective of increasing the use of the Bolivar Wastewater
Treatment Plant’s class A effluent. In addition it is likely that the project has had the
increased benefit in removing nutrients from the local marine environment.
The project has demonstrated that the reuse of the treated effluent can be a large scale
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option for securing water for commercial horticultural use. The objective regarding the
long term viability of the area is more difficult to determine. There was no information
available regarding this objective, but it can be expected to take an extended period of
time to be able to assess.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally
sustainable levels of extraction
The intent of the project was to bring the use of T1 and T2 groundwater aquifers to a
sustainable level. The project has had the outcome of returning the Angle Vale aquifer
closer to the sustainable levels of extraction, although it is difficult to confirm if it is now
returned to sustainable levels. The funding application suggested that a reduction of
extractions in the order of 5,000 – 7,000 ML was needed to bring the use to sustainable
levels and at most this project will deliver savings of 3,000 ML. The project therefore is
partially consistent with the NWI objective as the sustainable extraction rate has not been
met but advancements have been made towards it.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying piping networks and pump stations to deliver recycled water to
irrigators in the Angle Vale area.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of
technology/
technologies in water
use in the water
industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating the use of recycled water into irrigation water supply as
standard practice.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of practices in relation
to water use in the water
industry?
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as the transferal of
groundwater licences to recycled water entitlements.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of practices
in water use in the water
industry?
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as the transferal of
groundwater licences to recycled water entitlements.
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The technologies in use are mature and there is no indication of new advancements
or developments being achieved through the project although it utilises the best
technology available.
The project has increased the awareness of the ability to use recycled water in
supplementing irrigation water supplies in the Angle Vale area. The 3,000 ML of
recycled water licences were negotiated in a shorter time than expected.
The project has advanced the practice of utilising recycled water in addressing over
allocation of local water resources and increasing water security. The project
developed practices and guidelines for the transferal of groundwater licences to
recycled water entitlements and was able to do so with all stakeholders in
agreement.
This project has increased the uptake of recycled water in exchange for other water
resources. In the Angle Vale area 3,000 ML of recycled water entitlements have
been issued to reduce reliance on the local groundwater resources.
319
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
Due to higher than expected tender prices, variations were made to delay milestone
dates. SEWPaC was supportive of the proposed variation given the unexpectedly
long tender process and time taken to gain extra funding approval. Extra funding
was granted by the South Australian Government to complete the project
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the
project, technically,
institutionally, or in
regard to achievement
of the
outcomes/objectives?
There were no unexpected outcomes evident from the project documentation
available apart from the higher cost of piping and pump station. The project
proponent appeared to complete the majority of the milestones agreed to in the
funding agreement or variations.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
There were some reporting documents which were not completed such as the final
report and therefore some outcomes and milestone were not fully reported on. It is
difficult to assess the extent of the projects outcomes without this information. The
department could require a more structured set of reporting documents that
specifically address all project objectives, outcomes, milestones and project issues.
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Project Title
8.8
Project
Proponent
VIC: Wimmera Mallee
Pipeline
Date Funding
Agreement signed
21/5/2006
Grampians Wimmera Mallee
Water Authority
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Expected
completion
2015
Project Location
8 Municipalities: Buloke, Gannawarra,
Hindmarsh, Horsham, Loddon, Northern
Grampians, Swan Hill and Yarriambiack
State
VIC
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$167,000,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
NWI Objective/s
8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally sustainable
levels of extraction
TBC
Project Summary Description
The project involved activities to undertake the replacement of 17,500 km of open water channels with
8,800 km of pipeline to reduce evaporation and leakage from the Wimmera Mallee domestic stock and water
supply system. The Wimmera Mallee Pipeline project has reduced distribution losses and resulted in potential
operational water savings of 103,000 ML annually. The savings have been ear marked for environmental
benefits, to encourage economic growth in the area and to increase the reliability of supply. The project has
established the potential to achieve environmental outcomes in water dependent ecosystems across the
Glenelg and Wimmera catchments. Components of the water saved totalling approximately 20,000 ML has
been re-allocated to Grampians Wimmera Mallee Water and Wannon Water to improve system reliability and
support opportunities for future growth.
Project Objective/s
a. Eliminate seepage and evaporation losses from the existing open channel water supply system and,
subject to annual seasonal inflows and demands, annually provide up to:

A. 83,000 ML of water to achieve improved river, floodplains and wetlands outcomes in the region,
including the provision of additional environmental flows to:
– The Wimmera River and its important terminal lakes system;
– Distributaries of the Wimmera River such as the Yarriambiack Creek and tributaries of the Wimmera
River;
– The Glenelg River, especially the upper reaches and tributaries such as the Wannon River;
– Regional rivers such as the Avon-Richardson River and the Avoca River;
– Tributaries of the River Murray, especially the Loddon River, which feed wetlands on the River Murray;
– Recreational lakes across the region, which also create valuable habitats; and
– Wetlands and waterbodies with demonstrated ecological significance, which have had longstanding
supplies from the existing channel system.

B. 20,000 ML of water for rural, commercial and urban growth to encourage regeneration of the regional
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321
economy;

b. Provide a greater security of supply of high quality water to approximately 9,000 rural property service
points and 36 towns across 2 million hectares of the Wimmera Mallee region through a piped and pumped
water supply system.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Installation of SS1 – Yaapeet Line and SS7 – Trunk Line
This pipeline was completed by the end of December 2007, though it was scheduled to
be completed in August 2007. This included 148 km of trunk pipeline and 1,273 km of
distribution pipeline. Critical crossings, pump station and storages were also installed
successfully.
Installation of SS2 – Woomelang Line
Pipeline completed in July 2008, this included 169 km of trunk pipeline and associated
critical crossings, pump stations and storages.
Installation of SS3 – Birchip Line
The last report available from February 2009 indicates that this would be completed by
August 2009. The GWM Water website (viewed on 28th May 2012) confirms that this
outcome has been subsequently completed.
Installation of SS4 – Wycheproof Line
The last report available from February 2009 indicates that this would be completed by
August 2009. The GWM Water website (viewed on 28th May 2012) confirms that this
outcome has been subsequently completed.
Installation of SS5 – Culgoa Line
This pipeline was completed in February 2008. This included 172 km of trunk pipeline
and 649 km of distribution pipeline. Critical crossings, pump station and storages were
also constructed successfully.
Installation of SS6 – Natimuk Line
The last report available from February 2009 indicates that this would be completed by
August 2009. The GWM Water website (viewed on 28th May 2012) confirms that this
outcome has been subsequently completed.
Conduct a fair and defensible competitive procurement process to select one or
more contractors to complete detailed design for SS2, SS3, SS4, SS5 and SS6,
and to construct all seven Supply Systems for the Project plus all associated
Capital Works.
The documentation states that “tender processes” were carried out by the project team
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for each of the pipeline segments.
“The tender evaluation process was undertaken by a Delivery Agent, in accordance with
the Tender Evaluation Procedure approved by the Project Council. The Probity Auditor
was present for all meetings with tenderers as part of the tender evaluation process and
provided a report to Project Council confirming that the tendering process carried out by
the Delivery Agent was satisfactory.” Sourced from the project Milestone 2 Report, page
5.
Apply to the Victorian State Government to amend the appropriate GWM Water
bulk entitlement(s) to affect the transfer to the Victorian Minister for Water, for the
purposes of increasing environmental flows to achieve the outcomes listed in Item
1.7.a.A, water savings of up to 83,000 ML.
There is no project documentation detailing the application of amendments for the GWM
Water bulk entitlements.
However, we note that the Wimmera and Glenelg Rivers Environmental Entitlement has
been established which reserves a share of the water saved through the project to the
Victorian Environmental Water Holder (VEWH). (Source: Victoria Water Register)
It can therefore be inferred that the application to amend Bulk Entitlements has occurred.
Determine, in partnership with the regional Catchment Management Authorities
and in accordance with the management of the Environmental Water Reserve,
bulk entitlement operational rules regarding the release of water savings for the
purposes of environmental flows.
There is no project documentation detailing the determination of bulk entitlement
operational rules and the partnership arrangements which contributed to the
development of these rules.
Water sharing arrangements are described in the Wimmera and Glenelg Rivers
Environmental Entitlement (Source: Victoria Water Register) which describes passing
flow requirements for environmental and other purposes, as well as sharing
arrangements for water held in storage.
In addition, the VEWH was established in July 2011 as a new independent statutory
body deciding on the best use of Victoria’s environmental water entitlements. The VEWH
works with catchment management authorities and Melbourne Water to ensure
environmental water entitlements are used to achieve the best environmental outcome
with the water that is available.
(Source: http://www.water.vic.gov.au/environment/environmental-water-holder, accessed
on 5/6/12)
Participate, in partnership with the regional Catchment Management Authorities
and other regional stakeholders, in the development of management plans to
govern the supply of water to recreational lakes and waterbodies with
demonstrated ecological significance.
There is no project documentation describing the development of management plans for
water supply to recreation lakes and waterbodies.
However the November 2011 GWM Water newsletter evidences the development of
several management plans relating to the utilisation of water to supply recreational lakes
and waterbodies.
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(Source: http://www.gwmwater.org.au/information/publications/newsletters/doc_downloa
d/1518-recreation-lakes-supply-201112-december-2011, accessed on 5/6/12)
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The Wimmera Mallee Pipeline project has reduced distribution losses and resulted in
potential operational water savings of 103,000 ML annually. This was achieved through
the decommissioning of inefficient channel systems and replacement with a piped
delivery system.
Return water for the environment:
A component of the water saved has been converted to an environmental entitlement
held by the Victorian Environmental Water Holder. The project has established the
potential to achieve environmental outcomes in water dependent ecosystems across the
Glenelg and Wimmera catchments.
Water for economic growth opportunities
Components of the water saved totalling approximately 20,000 ML has been re-allocated
to Grampians Wimmera Mallee Water and Wannon Water to improve system reliability
and support opportunities for future growth.
Provide greater security of supply
The piped stock and domestic supply system of the provides higher security of water as
documented in GWM Water’s Water Supply Demand Strategy. According to the strategy
the Wimmera Mallee Pipeline has been able to “… provide water for regional
development and improve the reliability of supply.”
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally
sustainable levels of extraction
It is estimated that the piping of the stock and domestic networks in the Wimmera Mallee
area will save around 103 GL a year. The savings have been ear marked for
environmental benefits, to encourage economic growth in the area and to increase the
reliability of supply. Documentation suggests that environmental water would be
managed in a way to maximise the environmental benefit derived from the timely and
targeted deliver. These project objectives are highly consistent with the NWI objective of
returning over-allocated to environmentally sustainable levels of extraction and it is
apparent from documentation that there objectives have been achieved.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
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Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for pipe surveying technology in Victoria’s Mallee region.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
efficient water supply infrastructure into supplying stock and domestic water
standard practices or processes.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying ‘ploughed’ method for pipe laying in the project. Water use practices,
in relation to this project, is defined as supplying stock and domestic water.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
strong land liaison procedures and ongoing communication of progress into pipe
infrastructure projects as standard practices or processes.
Although the project used the best available piping technology, it also innovated new
light detection and ranging (LIDAR) as a cost effective and efficient tool for
surveying the piping networks. The technology was able to provide height and
horizontal co-ordinates to minimise the need for on ground surveying.
(Source http://pipeliner.com.au/news/wimmera_mallee_pipeline_project_surging_ah
ead/001271/#, accessed on the 3/6/12)
The project has increased the uptake of efficient water supply technology through
the installation of 9,000 km of pipe networks. In order to assist uptake a guideline
document “On-Farm Water Reticulation Guide” was produced. The document
provided information about how to connect properties to the pipeline system,
allowing easy uptake of the new technology by landowners.
The sheer scale of this project will have advanced stock and domestic pipe laying
practices in Victoria.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as supplying stock and
domestic water.
The project had a dedicated land liaison team which consulted landholders and
developed access agreements well in advance of construction. A series of
information sessions were also held by the team which provided general
construction information, time lines and sought feedback on issues from the general
community. The use of these techniques has increased uptake of dedicated land
liaison procedures.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
On three occasions variations were sought due to delays in progress or the need for
further funding. The Water Smart Australia was flexible in allowing these changes to
the funding agreement. The Commonwealth Funding was increased by close to $99
million over the period of the project, a significant variation, thereby demonstrating a
high level of support.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
No unexpected outcomes were identified in the available documentation.
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Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
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No lessons learned were presented in the available documentation.
326
Project Title
8.9
Project
Proponent
WA: Restoration of the
Groundwater Aquifer
on the Cottesloe
Peninsula.
Date Funding
Agreement signed
20/06/2006
Town of Cottesloe
Date Completed
(final/last report)
17/10/2010
Project Location
Cottesloe
State
WA
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$782,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$2,346,000
NWI Objective/s
8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally sustainable
levels of extraction
Project Summary Description This project aimed to increase groundwater aquifer recharge and reduce
extraction in the Town of Cottesloe, Perth. The increased recharge was to be accomplished through capturing
runoff from roads and redirecting ocean outfalls. Reduced extraction was to be accomplished through a
community education campaign.
Project Objective/s

Direct drainage water produced from roads, footpaths and parking areas to the aquifer;

Ensure that water entering the aquifer has had pollutants removed;

Close ocean outfalls and redirect the clean storm water into the aquifer; and

Educate the community to minimise bore water use, reduce pollutant loadings and appreciate the value of
groundwater.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Installation of 280 individual soak pits on road kerb lines to direct road surface
drainage water into the water table/underground aquifer.
The final report indicates that 400 soak pits were installed over the four years of the
project. This met the outcome to install 280 soak pits, with the extra soak pits being
installed to redirect water which previously drained into the sea.
The removal of 10 separate ocean outfall pipelines carrying road drainage water by
their conversion to redirect this water into the water table.
Water from the extra 120 soak pits were fed into the aquifer through the ten newly
installed drainage pipelines. The outcome of removal of 10 separate ocean outfall points,
with installation of the 10 pipelines to redirect water to the aquifer has been achieved.
The installations are evidenced by photos and the final project report.
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The replacement of seven existing open excavated hole-type sump pits (between
100 m3 and 300 m3 in volume) into the underground aquifer.
The seven open excavated hole type sumps replaced are documented in the final report,
meeting this project outcome.
Provide for the removal of fertilisers, chemicals and hydrocarbons as pollutants
flowing into the water table.
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Detailed descriptions of the installation of the sumps that depict the pollution control
measures appear in the final report. Within the descriptions there is no mention of the
removal of fertilisers, chemicals and hydrocarbons. There is also no monitoring data or
other evidence provided.
Therefore insufficient information has been provided to be able to assess if fertilisers,
chemicals and hydrocarbon will be removed by the equipment installed.
Undertake education programs to convert public attitudes away from the use of
limited availability bore water reticulation onto lawns and European-style gardens
and towards the use of native species requiring minimal water supplies.
Public education programs were run as part of the project in 2008 and 2009 that
informed the public about water sensitive behaviours through a number of measures.
Round 1 and 2 of the community education consisted of education packages being
delivered to Cottesloe property which included information pamphlets, fridge magnets,
shower water timers, native seed packs and more. The final round of the education
program included hand and tea towels being given to residents in the civil centre where a
questionnaire regarding water wise awareness was also being run.
The comment was made by the proponent suggesting that the education program has
resulted in changing public attitudes towards water resources but no evidence was
available. The results from the questionnaire were not available at the time of final
reporting and therefore the effect of the education campaign on public attitudes toward
wise water use is unable to be determined. The objective has therefore been partially
met.
Provide for the interception in soak pits and ‘buffer’ tanks of various debris and
pollution and the capacity to ‘gully educt’ or vacuum such materials at regular
intervals from these facilities for proper disposal.
Various debris control devices within buffer tanks and soak pits are depicted in the final
report. CDS Pollution Trap systems Gross Pollutant Trap were installed in many of the
sumps to control pollution level in the water being sent to recharge the aquifers. To fulfil
this outcome regular inspections and collection of pollutants needed to be part of the
program of works.
There is no evidence that planning or budgeting for these activities has occurred and
therefore the outcome has only been partially met with supportive evidence. In order for
this outcome to be fully met there is a requirement for evidence of a continued
commitment to maintenance of the pollution control infrastructure.
To maximise the potential to restore the existing isolated subsoil aquifer under the
Cottesloe Peninsula by the cleansing of surface drainage water and its
introduction into the aquifer, to a sustainable level to stop the ingress of salt sea
water and the ongoing depletion from public and private bores and wells.
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Infrastructure installed is likely to maximise the recharge rate in the Cottesloe Peninsula
aquifer although the project documentation has no information in regard to ingress of sea
salt in the aquifer. The runoff capture measures put in place are likely to reduce
drawdown in the aquifer but there is no quantification of sustainable levels of extraction
or information about recharge generate by the newly installed infrastructure.
Further information gathered through studies and research is required to enable the
assessment of sustainable aquifer use and sea water ingress in the aquifer, meaning that
this outcome has only been partially met.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The project has been consistent with all the objectives it set out to achieve initially:

Water is being directed from roads, footpaths and parking areas into the aquifer after
passing through pollution reduction devices;

Water which once went to ocean outfalls is now redirected into the aquifer; and

Education programs have been conducted in the hope of minimising bore use and
reduce pollution loadings.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 8. Return over-allocated and overused systems to environmentally
sustainable levels of extraction
In order to be completely consistent with the NWI objective the project needed to quantify
“environmentally sustainable levels of extraction”. This facet of the objective needed to
be addressed in order for the project to be consistent. There is no quantification of any
water information in any of the documentation of the project, therefore it is difficult to
assess the impact this project will have in the long term.
Apart from the lack of information regarding sustainable levels of extraction, the project is
consistent with the NWI objective because of the use of technologies which are likely to
bring the aquifer closer being sustainably managed. The installation of infrastructure to
increase recharge and the education of the public, as to the importance of water
conservation, are therefore consistent with this NWI objective.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, soak pit and sump network
installation for water capture is defined as the best techniques for applying
measures to increase recharge levels in aquifers at a Cottesloe.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of
technology/
technologies in water
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating community consultation and stormwater capture into restoring
a groundwater aquifer as standard practices or processes.
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The project utilises standard sump installation methods and pollution control
devices. There is no indication the project increased the state of development of
technology for capture and aquifer recharge.
The project has been very successful in incorporating and advancing these
329
use in the water
industry?
techniques in Cottesloe but there is no evidence that wider uptake has increased as
a result.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of practices in relation
to water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best
techniques for applying soak pit and sump network installation for water
capture for aquifer recharge at Cottesloe.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as community
consultation and stormwater capture into restoring a groundwater aquifer.
The project has improved community consultation and stormwater capture practises
on a local council scale where water resources are stretched. The success and
integration of infrastructure upgrades with public consultation can be considered an
advancement of the state of development.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of practices
in water use in the water
industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating community consultation and stormwater capture into restoring
a groundwater aquifer as standard practices or processes.
Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as unregulated
community use of a groundwater aquifer.
The project has been very successful in incorporating and advancing these
practises in Cottesloe but there is no evidence that wider uptake has increase as a
result.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
The project appeared to achieve its milestones mostly in line with the requirements
of the funding agreement. There were no obvious project difficulties or changing
circumstances. There were no funding agreement variations, project delays or
budget changes required for this project.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the
project, technically,
institutionally, or in
regard to achievement
of the
outcomes/objectives?
There was no indication of unexpected outcomes from the project documentation;
the project achieved almost all of the outcomes.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
There was at least one outcome which was not reported on. There was very little in
the reports addressing the quality of water being directed into the aquifer. Perhaps
part of the funding agreement could have specified that objectives and outcomes
need to be reported on in addition to milestones so that the project can be reviewed
more accurately.
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330
9
NWI Objective 9: Supported
statutory water planning
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331
Project Title
9.1
Project
Proponent
NT: Gulf Water Study:
Smart use of Scientific
and Indigenous
Knowledge Systems
for Effective
Management of Healthy
Groundwater and
Rivers
Date Funding
Agreement signed
20/04/2006
Northern Territory Government
Date Completed
(final/last report)
2010
Project Location
Western Gulf and Roper River Regions of
NT
State
NT
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$862,064
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
TBC
NWI Objective/s
9. Support statutory water planning
Project Summary Description
This project was undertaken to develop an understanding of the hydrology of the subject regions, how it
interacts with the environment and what ecosystems are dependent upon it. This is required to establish
environmental water provisions, which should be made prior to allocating water to other consumptive uses.
The project undertook two major investigations; one was a study of the hydrology of the Gulf Region and the
other a more detailed investigation of the Roper River catchment.
Project Objective/s
Project objectives, as listed in both the funding agreement and final report are provided below.
Primary objective:

to provide fundamental tools to enable better understanding of how to account for environmental water
requirements in water allocation planning in the Gulf region.
Sub-objectives:
a. Encourage participation in on ground natural resource management
b. Inform property planning
c.
Include Aboriginal perspectives and encourage their involvement in water policy and planning processes
d. Identify where potential impacts on water resources may result from major developments
e. Provide data on groundwater and surface water and their interrelationship for inclusion into further studies
on the connective environment and dependent ecological processes
f.
Provide baseline data for catchment management
g. Provide a predictive model which can show the potential effects on water resources from climate change
h.
Provide a model for the Roper River catchment to inform environmental water provisions
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List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Note: The funding agreement includes a set of performance indicators and required that
the final report include evaluation of the project against these. This was undertaken by
the proponent, and is summarised below with some additional comments included.
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
a. Provide water allocation planners with information on water resources and
dependent ecosystems that inform long term decision making for the region;
The mapping, data analysis and the model achieve this outcome.
The mapping provides information on both groundwater and surface water occurrence,
including where perennial rivers are located, where baseflow is sourced and where water
supplies can potentially be drawn over the long term. The maps also show vegetation
communities which are potential groundwater dependent ecosystems, and reporting
explains how springs arise that provide water to these ecosystems.
Analysis has identified relationships between rainfall, groundwater level and minimum
river flow (baseflow) which demonstrate the nature of their interconnections and how
drawing water from an aquifer can reduce baseflow in a river.
The integrated surface-groundwater model of the Roper River builds on the analysis and
allows for scenarios to be evaluated to support planning decisions.
b. Enable local land managers to apply management strategies relevant and
suitable to the land under their control and ensure environmentally healthy
management practices;
Accurate mapping and description of water resources enables land management
requirements that protect them to be clearly prescribed, and provides clear guidance to
land managers to enable effective implementation of appropriate land management
practices.
Note: to be effective, the water resource mapping and analysis would need to be
accompanied by land management legislation, policies and strategies, and effective
communication between government and private land managers.
c. Ensure the current and planned regional water uses remain within ecologically
sustainable limits;
The integrated modelling (supported by mapping and analysis) provides quantitative
results on the effects of extraction on groundwater levels and river flows. This
information may be used by water allocation planners/managers, along with information
on ecological water requirements, to develop water usage regimes that control water
usage within ecologically sustainable limits. However the activities within the project
scope do not ensure this.
d. Ensure property planning and development opportunities by station managers
are informed by the information products
All station managers in the region receive a copy of the map relevant to their area as
well as the ancillary information products. They are briefed on how to use the maps with
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particular reference to property planning and development. This will assist in ensuring
that property planning and development opportunities are appropriately informed.
However the activities within the project scope do not necessarily ensure this. No
information is provided in the reports to verify the extent to which station managers have
found the information useful in informing property planning and development
opportunities.
e. Enable Aboriginal people in the region to understand the information provided
and aid them with identifying management priorities and plan effectively.
Presentations explaining the information products and their use were undertaken at all
indigenous communities and to various indigenous representative groups including the
Northern Land Council, local council, resource associations and ranger groups.
Indigenous land holders were also briefed on the products. The information products
have been presented in a user friendly format and the reports contain many diagrams
explaining scientific concepts. The content and format of information provided to
Aboriginal people have been designed to facilitate their understanding of the information
and aid them in identifying management priorities and to plan effectively.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The primary objective, ‘to provide fundamental tools to enable better understanding of
how to account for environmental water requirements’ has been achieved by developing
the map products, integrated model and reports. In particular, the map products provide
recognition of important surface water features and ecosystems, and the integrated
model enables analysis of potential impacts on surface water features from groundwater
extraction. These tools will enable environmental water requirements to be accounted for
in planning of both surface water and groundwater extraction.
Achievement of sub-objectives is described below. Overall, the project objectives have
been met
a. Encourage participation in on ground natural resource management
High levels of participation appear to have been achieved by raising awareness about
the project and its outputs through extensive stakeholder liaison. A concerted effort was
made to contact and meet with all stakeholders to discuss the project and provide
feedback on the water resources in regions relevant to them, as well as elicit information
from them. Stakeholders included station managers, indigenous ranger groups,
traditional owners, rangers, community leaders and mining and mineral exploration
companies. Presentations were delivered to the Roper River Landcare Group. People
were informed on the project products, what information they deliver and how to use
them. At the meetings the characteristics and dynamics of water resources was
explained, such as why springs are where they are, why spring and river flows vary, how
and why groundwater yields vary and the interrelationship between groundwater and
surface water and dependent ecosystems. Indigenous perspectives on water and the
environment were also discussed.
Direct participation in on ground natural resource management was also encouraged
during field surveys. Station managers and traditional owners provided guidance on field
surveys and during these trips they participated in data collection of water quality,
quantity and the cultural significance of water.
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334
b. Inform property planning
Achieved through reporting associated with the maps and analysis, and extension
activities with land managers. Indigenous land holders are also briefed on the products.
c.
Include Aboriginal perspectives and encourage their involvement in water policy and
planning processes
Achieved through presentations, explaining the information products and their use, to
indigenous communities and to various indigenous representative groups including the
Northern Land Council, local council, resource associations and ranger groups.
Indigenous land holders were also briefed on the products.
d. Identify where potential impacts on water resources may result from major
developments.
Achieved through water resource identification and mapping, including where baseflow
occurs (and also the zone of tidal interface). The location and extent of groundwater
extraction can significantly influence seasonal baseflow. Mapping and the Roper River
model provide critical information to ensuring that environmental water provisions are
made prior to allocating to other consumptive uses.
e. Provide data on groundwater and surface water and their interrelationship for
inclusion into further studies on the connective environment and dependent
ecological processes
Achieved through water resource mapping, a GIS database, and integrated groundwater
and surface water modelling.
In tropical Northern Territory with its Wet and Dry season, groundwater plays a key role
in ecosystem survival by the provision of water to wetlands and rivers throughout the Dry
season. Therefore there is a high priority to identify aquifers and groundwater flow
regimes that support surface flows and other groundwater dependent ecosystems.
Groundwater and surface water information can now be readily accessed through the
five water resource maps produced at a 1:250 000 scale covering an area of
approximately 110,000 sq. km. Groundwater is delineated on the maps by aquifer type
and water quality characteristics are also explained. Groundwater data is also provided
through information on water bores.
Surface water is delineated on the maps as waterholes, lakes, springs and rivers
classified according to their minimum flow at the end of the Dry season during a dry
period. The report pertaining to each map lists all the surface water sites along with
water quality data and water level and discharge data where available.
By mapping and detailing groundwater and surface water in the manner described, the
interrelationship between the two can be readily observed on the maps (e.g. significant
groundwater discharges are observed emanating from fractured and karstic aquifers and
minimal groundwater discharges are observed in areas where aquifers consist of
fractured and weathered rocks with minor groundwater resources).
Rainforest vegetation communities associated with riparian zones and springs are also
shown on the maps. These are likely groundwater dependent ecosystems.
Aside from the maps and reports which are available in digital format, a GIS has also
been produced so the information can be utilised in further studies.
The integrated surface-groundwater model comprises: groundwater model - FEFLOW
finite element saturated flow model; surface water model - MIKE11 1D channel flow
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model; and coupling using the IFMMIKE11 module. The coupled model enables
modelling of the dynamic interaction between surface and groundwater heads, including
the situation where during the wet season the river level exceeds the groundwater level
and baseflow is reversed (i.e. the river recharges the aquifer). The integrated model
views the resource holistically and is used to prevent ‘double accounting’ which can arise
when surface water assessments and groundwater assessments are conducted
independently.
f.
Provide baseline data for catchment management
The information and products described in ‘e.’ above not only support water resource
planning, but also broader catchment management, as land use can also influence water
quality and quantity.
g. Provide a predictive model which can show the potential effects on water resources
from climate change
Achieved with the integrated model. The integrated surface-groundwater model of the
Roper River described in section ‘e.’ above can be used to simulate the response of the
water resources (both groundwater and surface water) from climate change. Climate
parameters that can be varied in the model are rainfall and evapotranspiration. As the
model does not account for other parameters, such as temperature, to be most effective
it may have to be used in conjunction with reliable data from independently assessed
climate change scenarios.
h. Provide a model for the Roper River catchment to inform environmental water
provisions
Achieved with the integrated model. The surface water model (MIKE11 1D channel flow
model) covers the entire Roper River catchment, an area of about 82,000 km 2, and is
coupled to the FEFLOW groundwater model using the IFMMIKE11 module.
Development of groundwater from limestone aquifers at the head waters of the Roper
River represent a threat to the environmental flow regime and cultural needs of the
Roper River, particularly in low flow periods. With extreme wet and dry seasons, river
flows are maintained throughout the dry season by groundwater discharge (baseflow)
and support important ecological communities that are dependent upon the quantity,
quality and timing of these groundwater flows. Any extraction of groundwater from these
systems will most likely result in a reduction in streamflow at some point in time. The
impacts of these reductions and whether those impacts are acceptable is a key
management question that requires input from a variety of sources, including that made
possible by the integrated model.
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To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 9. Support statutory water planning
Effective statutory water planning relies upon appropriate levels of knowledge to manage
the risks associated with the nature and level of land and water use that is expected to
occur throughout the duration of a plan. At the fundamental level, individual water
resources and their linkages must be identified. At higher levels, information may be
required on water balance parameters (seasonal flows etc.) and on the way the system
may respond to different scenarios. The project has clearly addressed the fundamental
requirements, and has also provided information to support more detailed water planning
needs (such as surface flow impacts from groundwater extraction scenarios) via data
analysis and development of the integrated model.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
The project appears to have made use of established technology, and as such has
not advanced the state of development of water management technology.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
The coupling of groundwater and surface water models for integrated water
resource analysis is not yet a routine exercise, and this project may have
contributed to advancing the state of uptake of the technology required to achieve
this. It may provide an example for other workers in this field.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The project may be considered to have contributed to advancing the state of
development of integrated water resource planning, especially in relation planning
for groundwater development and catering for associated potential impacts on
surface flows and dependent ecosystems.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The project has at least maintained, and perhaps advanced the uptake of, the
practice of remote water user engagement in seeking information and promoting the
outcomes and implications water resource planning and management. A concerted
effort was made to contact and meet with all stakeholders (including station
managers, indigenous ranger groups, traditional owners, rangers, community
leaders and mining and mineral exploration companies) to discuss the project and
provide feedback on the water resources in regions relevant to them, as well as
elicit information from them. Local knowledge was highly valued given the lack of
recorded data across the region, and direct participation in on-ground natural
resource management was encouraged during field surveys.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
According to the 2007, 2008 and 2009 progress reports work proceeded largely as
planned, with some manageable delays in producing baseline maps (2007 report),
data entry (2008 report - due to staff absence), and some field work (2009 report)
and budget shortfall (2009 report) which was met by the NT government.
From the information available it appears that WSA has not been required to
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337
provide any significant unplanned support.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
No unexpected outcomes have been recorded in the available documentation.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
Local knowledge was essential to the surface water mapping work as not all river
reaches and springs were able to be visited in the region given the vast area
covered (about half the size of Victoria), the time frame and the resources available.
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Project Title
9.2
Project
Proponent
NT: Sustainable
Development and
Management of Water
Resources in Northern
Australia
Date Funding
Agreement signed
19/01/2006
Department of Natural
Resources, Environment and
the Arts
Date Completed
(final/last report)
May 2010
Project Location
Northern Australia
State
NT
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$845,927
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
TBC
NWI Objective/s
9. Support statutory water planning
Project Summary Description
Through the project, an integrated water resource management approach was successfully trialled. This
approach is delivered as the most significant outcome and can now be applied across all NT catchments. The
management prototype was applied to two regions – the Darwin Rural Area (McMinns/Howard East) and the
Daly River Catchment in which emerging management issues had been identified.
The project undertook initiatives and established innovative techniques in a number of areas to assist regional
water management. The most important of these include the elimination of the surface water/groundwater
connectivity and double accounting issue by the use of ‘smart’ models that assist in water allocation planning
and licensing decisions, the capture of data regarding commercial and domestic water use in this previously
unexplored sector and the conceptualisation to construction of integrated catchment based water resource
monitoring networks deploying ‘smart’ Acoustic Doppler flow measurement and telecommunications
technology.
Project Objective/s
The overall Objective of the Project is to develop catchment-specific adaptive management frameworks to
protect economic, environmental and other community values that can be modified and applied to suit other
catchments across northern Australia.
The specific Objectives of the Project are to:
a. Provide water users, water regulators, regional planners and the general community with reliable
information about the levels of use being made of all water resources;
b. Ensure that water is used efficiently and within allocated limits;
c.
Ensure the current and planned regional water uses remain within ecologically sustainable limits under
new water allocation plans;
d. Ensure ecologically sustainable development in the Daly River Catchment and Darwin Rural Area based
on enhanced information provided; and
e. Provide a model approach for consideration in other parts of northern Australia.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
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Not Met
339
The project activities below are listed in the funding agreement, and reported against as
‘performance indicators’ in the final report.
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Phase One
(i) Engage an appropriately qualified consultant to develop guidelines for
selection of stock and domestic use and high rate irrigation use water meters,
which are appropriate to the Northern Territory of Australia, as well as options for
bulk purchasing of these water meters. Ensure that the consultant reviews the
metering systems and current metering standards adopted in other Australian
jurisdictions.
Completed. Consultant GHD was commissioned to undertake activity. As described in
the final project report, the consultant report “Guidelines for Selecting Water Meters,
Options for Bulk Purchases and Development of a Metering Scheme for Rural Water
Use” was delivered in May 2007.
(ii) Engage an appropriately qualified consultant to provide a report regarding a
new cost-effective scheme for metering private rural water use in the Daly River
Catchment and Darwin Rural Area and possible wider use across northern
Australia.
Completed. Refer activity item above.
(iii) Engage an appropriately qualified consultant to develop:
a. integrated surface water-groundwater models that predict responses to
different types and levels of land use and development for the Daly River
Catchment;
b. integrated surface water-groundwater models that predict responses to
different types and levels of land use and development for the Darwin Rural Area;
that will also analyse the possible impacts of land use and development on water
balances in these regions and may have wider application to other regions of
northern Australia;
Completed.
a. A consultant, URS Australia Pty Ltd, was commissioned to undertake activity items
(iii) a. and (iv) a. The consultant report “Integrated Hydrologic Modelling of the Daly
River Catchment and Development of a Water Resource Monitoring Strategy” was
delivered in April 2008.
b. A consultant, EHA Pty Ltd, was commissioned to undertake activity items (iii) b. and
(iv) b. The consultant report “Integrated Hydrologic Modelling of the Darwin Rural Area
and Development of an Integrated Water Resource Monitoring Strategy” was delivered
in June 2007.
Models were developed using the commercially available FEFLOW (for groundwater)
and MIKE 11 (surface water) software.
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(iv) Engage an appropriately qualified consultant to design:
a. an integrated water resource monitoring network for the Daly River Catchment;
b. an integrated water resource monitoring network for the Darwin Rural Area;
that will provide essential information for water allocation planning and licensing
decisions in those regions and employ best practice approaches that can be
applied to other similar regions of northern Australia.
Completed.
a. Undertaken concurrently with activity item (iii) a. above by URS Australia Pty Ltd.
b. Undertaken concurrently with activity item (iii) b. above by EHA Pty Ltd.
(v) Ensure the guidelines, schemes, models and network designs developed in
accordance with paragraphs (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) above will be subject to public
and targeted stakeholder consultation conducted by the Project Committee.
Completed.
The outcomes of the consultant reports on metering guidelines and schemes, and the
modelling and monitoring network designs relevant to the Daly district have been
presented to a number of stakeholder groups including the Daly River Management
Advisory Committee (DRMAC), Katherine Water Advisory Committee (KWAC), at the
Katherine District Show and Katherine public forums as well as the undertaking of a
stakeholder survey. The information relevant to the Darwin Rural Area has been
provided much less opportunity for dissemination as water allocation planning for this
region has not yet been undertaken. However, the modelling, monitoring and the
metering information in particular, have been available to the public at the Fred’s Pass
Rural Show and other public forums held to announce the voluntary metering project.
The voluntary metering project was undertaken in an attempt to capture ‘actual’ water
usage data from a cross-section of rural area user groups. Various forms of media
including radio, television and printed media were used to inform the community of the
project and survey. Community information meetings conducted by NRETAS were also
used to promote the survey.
(vi) Ensure that all data used to develop the guidelines, the new rural private water
use metering scheme, the models and the networks is quality assured and quality
controlled.
Completed.
All data used to develop the guidelines, the new rural private water use metering
scheme, the models and the networks is considered to be the best available at the time
this project was undertaken. All effort has been made to identify and filter erroneous
data and value add as required or where applicable.
Phase 2
(i) Implementation of the new guidelines and scheme referred to in items Phase 1
(i) and Phase 1 (ii) above for metering rural water use in the Daly River Catchment
and Darwin Rural Area by:
a. purchasing and distributing the water meters identified in Phase One;
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b. engaging a new extension officer for water licence audits and meter calibration;
and
c. conducting a public/stakeholder review of the first year of implementation of
the guidelines and scheme.
Completed.
The guidelines and metering scheme referred to in Phase 1 (i) and Phase 1 (ii) above
have been implemented for metering rural water use in the Daly River Catchment and
Darwin Rural Area.
a. 105 water meters were installed. However, due to budgetary constraints, the volume
purchase of high rate irrigation water meters and stock and domestic water meters as
proposed in the Funding Agreement could not be met. As well, the purchase of meters
for deployment was dependent largely on the number of volunteers and the need for
information within each of the user categories. For instance, there was a lack of
volunteer commercial growers and large scale horticulturalists and hence the original
proposal for the purchase of 100 high rate meters would not have been judicious.
Eventually, 28 high rate meters were installed for commercial grower and horticultural
water users and 77 low rate meters installed for domestic users.
b. A new extension officer for water licence audits and meter calibration was employed
for this project;
c. Public and stakeholder feedback provides some basis for review. The feedback has
clearly indicated that two platforms exist – one for the rural residential users and another
for the commercial interests. Nolan (2009) found that the volunteer metering project “had
difficulty in securing community support, due to the common perception that this type of
information is a prelude to the government charging for rural bore water consumption”.
Given this, rural residential users believed it was unfair when no real service is provided
and that the landowner had paid for the bore and equipment from the onset. There was
common awareness that large users were allowed to operate (unmetered) and that they
should be removed before any other necessary action was undertaken. Therefore, it
was concluded that if the metering of domestic users were ever contemplated, much
stronger justification than what is currently available would be needed. A recent
interpretation of the NT Water Act, provided to inform NT Metering Policy development,
clearly states that stock and domestic use should not be licensed, restricted or metered.
Furthermore, a change to the Water Act to allow licensing and metering of stock and
domestic use in the Darwin Region alone would require a $3M capital investment plus
recurrent funding of $1.5M. During the development of the Water Allocation Plan for the
Tindall Limestone Aquifer, Katherine (WRB, 2009), it was decided that not only is stock
and domestic usage exempt but that any other type of water use that is 5ML/year or less
will not require licensing or metering. The feedback from the commercial sector and
industry indicated that there was greater understanding of the need to protect their
investment with resource management to ensure water security. Generally, the metering
requirements were considered acceptable, but some latitude in allowing reasonable time
was required for installation or grandfathering.
(ii) Employ the integrated water resource models referred to in Phase 1 (iii) in
water allocation planning and licensing decisions in the Daly River Catchment
and Darwin Rural Area. As an example of this application, the model is used to
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predict river flows at gauging station G8140001 (Katherine Railway Bridge) on
November 1 given the entitlements for all licence holders. The predicted flow
provides a basis for the determining of announced allocations under the
Katherine Water Allocation Plan.
Completed.
The integrated water resource models referred to in Phase 1 (iii) have been developed
and are currently available. The Integrated Daly model has been, and is being used in
the development of water allocation plans and licensing decisions in the Daly aquifer
systems of the Tindall Limestone (near Katherine) and the Oolloo Dolostone. In each
case, the model has been invaluable in synthesising long term flow records for the
Katherine and Daly Rivers. The model has also enabled the effect on environmental
flows as well as other regional impacts (e.g. groundwater drawdown) to be evaluated at
the planning stage. For the Water Allocation Plan for the Tindall Limestone Aquifer,
Katherine (WRB, 2009), the Integrated Daly model is to be deployed in determining the
level at which to announce the seasonal allocation. The allocation announcement is
made on the first day of May each year and each licensee will be notified of their
allocated amount. Ultimately, it is intended is to utilise the model to assist in determining
seasonal allocations throughout the Daly Catchment.
(iii) Conduct regular assessments on the use, benefit and review of each
integrated water resource model referred to in Phase 1 (iii) through the relevant
water allocation plans.
In Progress.
As the Water Allocation Plan for the Tindall Limestone Aquifer, Katherine (WRB, 2009)
is the only plan yet declared, the opportunity for regular assessments on the use, benefit
and review of the integrated water resource models referred to in Phase 1 (iii) is limited.
However, the success met in applying the modelling approach to this plan as a
prototype will ensure that it is adopted as an essential planning and management tool in
the future in catchments where strong surface water / groundwater connectivity issues
are identified. Further, ongoing model development and periodic update is now a
recognised core activity in Water Resource Branch (NRETAS) business and therefore
this model is assured to progress towards optimal development.
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(iv) Construct integrated water resource monitoring networks for the Daly River
Catchment and the Darwin Rural Area including:
a. the purchase of water quality meters for installation at sites determined by the
consultant referred to in Phase 1 (iv);
b. the purchase of a new boat, motor and gauging and sampling equipment;
c. the purchase of five new river gauge stations with water quality meters; and
d. engaging new hydrographic and water quality staff.
Completed.
Integrated water resource monitoring networks for the Daly River Catchment and the
Darwin Rural Area have been successfully constructed. The design of water resource
monitoring networks for both the Daly River Catchment and Darwin Rural Area sought to
optimise value in terms of potential information gain and strategic location to monitor
impact due to future expected development.
a. Turbidity meters have been purchased and installed at a number of sites in the Daly
River Catchment. The intent of this network is to monitor the catchment erosion and
sedimentation issue at high river flows identified as potentially arising from future
development. In addition to this issue, nutrient transported via the groundwater system
to the spring sections and pools at low flows was also identified as a potential threat. To
address this, nutrient sampling to be undertaken manually, will be implemented when
extremely low flow regimes are being experienced in the river.
b. A new boat and motor with adequate capacity to service a range of monitoring needs
on the Daly River, and additional gauging and sampling equipment have been
purchased.
c. Nine new sites were nominated to provide comprehensive monitoring of dry season
flows in the catchment. Furthermore, a number of multi-purpose sites throughout the
catchment are required to also service a flood forecast and water quality monitoring role.
Under the available budget, six of the nine nominated sites were constructed as a
priority.
d. A hydrographic team dedicated to the Daly River Catchment has been established to
undertake servicing gauging station instrumentation, low flow gauging to flood flow boat
gauging, undertake water quality measurements, measure groundwater levels and
service downhole water level logging equipment.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
a.
Provide water users, water regulators, regional planners and the general
community with reliable information about the levels of use being made of all
water resources.
Modelling, monitoring and metering information have been available to the public at the
Fred’s Pass Rural Show and other public forums held to announce the voluntary
metering project. The installation of water meters and appointment of an extension
officer for water licence audits and meter calibration will enable relatively reliable
information to be provided in the future.
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b.
Ensure that water is used efficiently and within allocated limits;
The installation of water meters and appointment of an extension officer for water
licence audits and meter calibration, as well as having water allocation plans in place
and information available to water users, will help to ensure that water is used efficiently
and within allocated limits.
c.
Ensure the current and planned regional water uses remain within ecologically
sustainable limits under new water allocation plans;
The models developed, combined with information on ecological water requirements,
will enable appropriate setting of allocation limits into the future for both new and revised
allocation plans. Water extraction metering and auditing, and water user awareness,
may ensure that use remains within plan limits.
d.
Ensure ecologically sustainable development in the Daly River Catchment and
Darwin Rural Area based on enhanced information provided;
The models developed, combined with monitoring and information on ecological water
requirements, will enable appropriate water planning to support ecologically sustainable
development.
e.
Provide a model approach for consideration in other parts of northern Australia.
The activities undertaken and objectives achieved are essential for achieving
sustainable water management and provide an example to guide further water
resources planning and management in northern Australia.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 9. Support statutory water planning
Effective statutory water planning relies upon appropriate levels of knowledge to
manage the risks associated with the nature and level of land and water use that is
expected to occur throughout the duration of a plan. At the fundamental level, individual
water resources and their linkages must be identified, and as well as the scale and
nature of water demand. At more detailed levels, information may be required on water
balance parameters (seasonal flows etc.) and on the way the system may respond to
different scenarios. The project has addressed the fundamental requirements (including
water demand), and has also provided information to support more detailed needs via
data analysis and model development and analysis.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
No, it has used existing technology including that for water metering, and for
numerical modelling (FEFLOW and MIKE11 software).
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
The project may have contributed to increasing the uptake of appropriate water
extraction metering technology and hydrological modelling software to support water
planning. However, there is no firm evidence of this occurring as a result of the
project, and it is noted that the introduction of water meters in the project area was
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met with opposition.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The project has contributed to advancing the state of development of integrated
surface water and groundwater management, including development of an
integrated numerical model, and water planning that specifically aims to manage
groundwater extraction to meet particular surface water flow objectives.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
The project has contributed to advancing the uptake of appropriate practices
described above for the project area. There is no evidence that the project
contributed to advancing the uptake of these practices beyond the project location
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
WSA agreed to timeframe variations, including an overall 12 month extension in
2007, and an additional 6 month extension in 2011.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
There were no unexpected outcomes resulting from the project.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
Regarding implementation of the project, the lack of community acceptance of water
metering was noted.
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Regarding project administration, GHD has noted a need to ensure objectives are
specific to what will be delivered or achieved by this project rather than relating to
broader outcomes to which the project may contribute.
346
Project Title
9.3
Project
Proponent
SA: Implementation of
the National Water
Initiative
Date Funding
Agreement signed
9/05/2007
Department of Water Land &
Biodiversity Conservation
Date Completed
(final/last report)
August 2008
Project Location
South Australia
State
SA
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$12,855,590
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
TBC
NWI Objective/s
9. Support to statutory water planning
Project Summary Description
The project aimed to advance implementation of the National Water Initiative (NWI) in South Australia, and
comprises 22 sub-projects (projects A to V listed below). These projects all have their own multiple objectives,
but were designed to assist SA to implement the NWI and helped to improve water management planning, to
ensure environmental sustainability, and to provide certainty of access for all water users in South Australia.
Project Objective/s
These are separately defined for each of the 22 sub-projects, summarised below.
A.
Instruct the Natural Resource Management Boards in the requirements in respect to the National Water
Initiative
The objective of this project was to inform NRM boards of the content of the NWI, the need to fully incorporate
the NWI into water allocation planning arrangements; and the processes needed to review and amend all
water allocation plans to ensure they are compliant with the NWI.
B.
Unbundle Water Access Entitlements
The main objective of the project was to develop a policy for the separation of water access entitlements.
C.
Review and revise the Natural Resources Management Act 2004 to support National Water Initiative
Outcomes
The main objective of this project was to complete the statutory review of the NRM Act by the end of the 20067 financial year and implement any legislative amendments arising from the review.
D.
Review of Irrigation Act 1994 and Renmark Irrigation Trust Act 1936
The main objective of this project was to determine the appropriate framework for the management of shared
irrigation infrastructure, and to amend existing, or develop new, legislation to reflect those arrangements.
E.
Regional flow management strategy for the South East
The main Objective of the Project is to achieve integrated water resource management in the South East of
South Australia.
F.
Development of a policy framework for environmental water provisions:
This project sought to ensure South Australia’s compliance with paragraph 35 (see below) of the National
Water Initiative IGA -
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35. Water that is provided by the States and Territories to meet agreed environmental and other public benefit
outcomes as defined within relevant water plans (paragraphs 36 to 40 refer) is to: i) be given statutory
recognition and have at least the same degree of security as water access entitlements for consumptive use
and be fully accounted for; ii) be defined as the water management arrangements required to meet the
outcomes sought, including water provided on a rules basis or held as a water access entitlement; and iii) if
held as a water access entitlement, may be made available to be traded (where physically possible) on the
temporary market, when not required to meet the environmental and other public benefit outcomes sought and
provided such trading is not in conflict with those outcomes.
G.
Inform the water allocation planning process to bring into effect NWI:
The objective of this project was to assist NRM boards to review each water allocation plan under their
jurisdiction for the purpose of identifying content that is not consistent with the requirements of the NWI, as
well as identifying gaps where additional content is necessary to incorporate the outcomes required under the
NWI.
H.
Stressed Water Resources Methodology:
The main objective of the project is to define a methodology to identify and prioritise water resources in SA
under stress.
I.
Central Adelaide Plains Prescription and Assessment of Resource:
Prescription was required to allow water to be allocated within sustainable limits, improve security of water
supply and provide for water trading. In effect, prescription would give new users certainty regarding whether
their proposal will be sustainable in the longer term and provide greater security for investment
J.
Develop and implement a robust science-based tool for the sustainable management of groundwater
resources in the Padthaway Prescribed Wells Area:
The objective of this project is to develop a 3-Dimensional solute transport model that will assist in the
management of the Padthaway Prescribed Wells Area. The model results can be used to support consultation
on reductions in water allocation required to address increasing groundwater salinity threats for the new water
allocation plan for the Padthaway Prescribed Wells Area.
K.
Cultural Access to Water for Aboriginal People Across South Australia:
The Cultural Access to Water for Aboriginal People Across South Australia Project Business Plan aimed to:

Review International and National learning’s with relevance to defining Aboriginal Cultural access
requirements to water.

Establish a Steering group to guide the integration of issues across portfolios currently working on related
issues

Generate an understanding and awareness of the requirements for Cultural access to water in the broader
community and appropriate agencies, boards and departments; and

Identify mechanisms to facilitate cultural access to water, e.g. the definition of a cultural access right.
L.
Develop a water management model to manage interception of surface and groundwater by plantation
forests:

Provide the science to assess the impact of forestry in the Mt Lofty Ranges

Provide a model able to be used to determine the impact of land use change in the Mt Lofty Ranges.

Provide input to the prescription process in the Mt Lofty Ranges.
M.
Compatible Registers:
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348

Provide publicly accessible records of water access entitlements, allocations, site use approvals, works
approvals and delivery capacity rights.

Develop policies and procedures to enable the creation of the above registers, ensure the security of water
access entitlements, ease of trading in allocations (intra and interstate) and minimise transaction costs.

Develop processes and procedures to record and manage third party interests – Land Titles Office
procedures will be used to the extent that they are appropriate.

Clean up the data in WILMA so that there is confidence in its accuracy.

Make appropriate changes to the existing South Australian system to the extent possible to give effect to
all of the above.

Examine the system in Victoria with a view to developing cross-jurisdiction compatible computer systems
and provide a report recommending options.
N.
Salinity credit or salinity offset policies for SA River Murray salinity management:
The Objective of the Project is to develop a Market Based Instrument (MBI) policy for River Murray salinity
management that can be implemented within a specific irrigation district or with a group of interested irrigators
across the Riverland, with the appropriate legislative/statutory backing. The policy will be informed by an
extensive review and gap analysis of existing MBI policies and pilots for salinity management
O.
Implementing Tagged Trading in South Australia:

Define South Australia’s implementation requirements for tagged interstate trade of water access
entitlements;

Establish the necessary administrative arrangements to implement the relevant protocols of Schedule E to
the MDB Agreement;

Establish the necessary underpinnings to enter into intergovernmental agreements to allow, amongst other
things, protocols for information sharing; and

Develop approaches to termination and access consistent with nationally agreed principles and in
conjunction with other states and territories determine the most appropriate authority to regulate and
review termination fees.
P.
Cost recovery for rural surface and groundwater systems:
The overarching aim of this project was to assist South Australia to implement appropriate arrangements to
comply with the National Water Initiative (NWI) commitments in relation to best practice pricing for water
planning and management. The NWI requires that the costs associated with water planning and management,
and the attribution of water planning and management costs to water access entitlement holders, be clearly
identified and reported annually.
Q.
Development of a policy framework for the release of unallocated water:
The aim of this project was to develop strategic policies that guide water allocation plans (WAPs) in South
Australia for the release/allocation of unallocated water. A related aim was to ensure environmental water
provisions were rigorously documented and assessed sufficiently to demonstrate they are being met prior to
the release of any additional water for consumptive uses.
R.
Managing Environmental Externalities (MEE) (Identify and estimate the impacts of climate change on the
management of water resources through the development of appropriate information sets):
This project aims to identify and estimate the impacts of climate change on the management of water
resources through the development of appropriate information sets. Climate change has implications for the
potential use of alternative water sources in South Australia (salinity in particular can be a significant limiting
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349
factor to the use of imported water resources in South Australia). Understanding these implications and
planning for the potential environmental implications is a critical management issue.
S.
Establish the role of the River Murray Environmental Manager and develop annual water plans for
environmental water delivery to the floodplain of the River Murray:
The main objective of this project is to ensure the people and the decision support systems are in place to
enable effective and timely decisions that will deliver water to the environment.
T.
Implement nationally compliant water accounting systems including benchmarking water accounting:
This project has a range of objectives which aim to achieve a complaint water accounting system.
U.
Natural Resource Management Information System - Water (NRMIS-W):
The objective of this project is to develop a comprehensive framework for the capture, storage and delivery of
water data.
V.
Implement nationally agreed metering standards and specifications:

Contribute to the development National Metering Framework through membership on the Metering Expert
Group (MEG)

Develop a State Implementation Plan for National Non-Urban Water Meter Standards (SIP) in South
Australia

Contribute to the identification of key policies required to be addressed as part of the State Implementation
Plan

Address consequent amendments to the state metering policies as a result of the implementation plan
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
This project involved a large number of ambitious and complex sub-projects in their own
right. Whilst the sub-projects contributed to the overall outcome of realising the benefits
of sustainable water resource management in accordance with the principles of the NWI
to varying degrees, taken as a whole the activity has significantly progressed
implementation of the NWI in SA. The level of contribution of sub- projects to specific
and project wide outcomes can be ascertained from the individual project reports
(combined in the DWLBC report ‘Implementing the National Water Initiative in South
Australia – Final Reports’).
Not Assessed
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
This project involved a large number of ambitious and complex sub-projects in their own
right. Whilst the sub-projects achieved their own specific objectives to varying degrees,
taken as a whole the activity has significantly progressed implementation of the NWI in
SA. The level of achievement of specific objectives can be ascertained from the
individual project reports (combined in the DWLBC report ‘Implementing the National
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Not Assessed
350
Water Initiative in South Australia – Final Reports’).
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
Not Assessed
Not required for this project
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
The project has tended to involve adaptation and refinement of existing technologies
rather than development of new technologies.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
The project will increase the uptake of new policies, frameworks and rules rather
than the uptake of new technologies.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
Whilst the project has led to the development of new approaches and practices in
relation to water management in SA, by and large this has involved approaches that
have been implemented or are under development in other jurisdictions.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Taken as a whole the suite of sub-projects can be expected to ultimately have a
significant impact on the adoption of NWI compliant water management practices in
SA.
Project Performance and Impact
Note: These projects all have their own multiple objectives, but were designed to assist SA to implement the
NWI and helped to improve water management planning, to ensure environmental sustainability, and to
provide certainty of access for all water users in South Australia. Lessons learned are described below as an
indication of some important outcomes from these projects. Further information can be obtained from the
DWLBC report ‘Implementing the National Water Initiative in South Australia – Final Reports’, and the
department website http://www.environment.gov.au/water/policy-programs/water-smart/projects/sa09.html
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
Not assessed.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
Not assessed.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
A.
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Instruct the Natural Resource Management Boards in the requirements in
respect to the National Water Initiative:
Questions on notice provided to the NRM boards assisted in their understanding of
some of the more complex aspects of the NWI. Boards will continue to need
351
project by the
Department
assistance in implementing the NWI for some years to come.
B.
Unbundle Water Access Entitlements:
A key lesson learnt has been the time and resources that will be required to
implement unbundling for the rest of the state. Whilst it was initially thought this
could be achieved within the projects’ timeframe, it has become apparent that it is
likely to extend out at least another 5 years.
C.
Review and revise the Natural Resources Management Act 2004 to support
National Water Initiative Outcomes:
There remains work to do reviewing and refining legislation for this project because
lessons are being learned from implementing NWI that suggest that further
clarification of legislative framework and statutory requirements may be beneficial to
administrators and customers.
An important understanding is that while agencies and Government can develop and
finalise legislative proposals, enacting legislative change is beyond the control of an
agency and the Government, unless it has control of both the Houses of Parliament
or has enough political influence to convince independents or members from of the
Opposition to support legislative proposals.
The forestry sector enjoys a level of political influence that means that sophisticated
and well-resourced strategies can be required to develop and deliver policy and/or
legislative change that affect that sector.
It is becoming apparent that there is likely to be a need for further review and
refinement of the NRM Act or subordinate legislation.
D.
Review of Irrigation Act 1994 and Renmark Irrigation Trust Act 1936:
Engagement and consultation with irrigation trusts throughout the review process
was invaluable.
Generally, the majority of irrigation trusts have a poor understanding of the Water
Act 2007 and associated market rules.
E.
Regional flow management strategy for the South East:
Communication is key. Both in working through issues within the project, and in
getting results out where they can be used.
From a policy perspective it has emphasised the need to manage the surface water
and groundwater as a single entity and the need to develop simple coupled surface
water and groundwater models to inform management.
F.
Development of a policy framework for environmental water provisions:
The project has highlighted the need to strengthen the water planning provisions in
the Natural Resources Management Act 2004 and these amendments have been
broadly supported and are in the draft bill, expected to be tabled in parliament in the
spring session of 2010.
Terminology is important. Paragraph 35 of the NWI IGA refers to “water that is
provided by the States and Territories to meet agreed environmental and other
public benefit outcomes as defined within relevant water plans”. This created
uncertainty on whether it only referred to “prescribed” water resources in SA. This
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project refers to “environmental water access entitlements”. This seems to exclude
environmental water provided by other mechanisms, such as rules-based
environmental water – as well as excluding water resources that are not currently
subject to a water plan
G.
Inform the water allocation planning process to bring into effect NWI:
A key learning from the project was that the existing water allocation planning
process can be adapted to meet NWI objectives and does not require a major
overhaul.
H.
Stressed Water Resources Methodology:
A previous method for determining catchment stress used criteria with detailed data
requirements, and could not be used in data-poor areas.
I.
Central Adelaide Plains Prescription and Assessment of Resource:
The project reiterated the benefits of having a well calibrated groundwater model to
assist in ensuring that sustainable water allocations are made.
J.
Develop and implement a robust science-based tool for the sustainable
management of groundwater resources in the Padthaway Prescribed Wells
Area:
Calibrated groundwater flow and solute (salt) transport models are ideal tools to
support groundwater resource management; however considerable investment in
data acquisition is required.
K.
Cultural Access to Water for Aboriginal People Across South Australia:
Neither Aboriginal communities nor their water needs are homogenous. The
diversity that exists between Aboriginal groups creates pressure on NRM Boards
human and financial resources that are required to provide culturally appropriate
representation in water planning process. There are challenges for both legislature
and policy makers in seeking out and clearly articulating cultural access and needs
to water for Aboriginal people now and in the future. The ability to manage the
expectations and aspirations of Aboriginal community can only be provided by
capacity building of all stakeholders.
L.
Develop a water management model to manage interception of surface and
groundwater by plantation forests:
The project has highlighted the difficulties and uncertainties that are associated with
undertaking an investigation of this nature in an area where only a theoretical
understanding of hydrological processes was available - some processes initially
thought to be non-critical to project aims were of a higher value, and in retrospect
warranted additional monitoring effort. In particular this project has highlighted the
lack of quantitative understanding of ecosystem response to the driving hydrology.
M.
Compatible Registers:
To achieve the objectives of this project and the associated business process reengineering, IT systems upgrades are a major exercise that require significant
resources (human, financial IT), and appropriate policy, legislative, subject matter
and technical knowledge and skills. This project developed and implemented a
successful working model for these types of cross-agency projects and the
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Department intends to use a similar model for future initiatives.
N.
Salinity credit or salinity offset policies for SA River Murray salinity management:
The project has demonstrated that economic and market based tools aren’t simple
tools for managing natural resources; i.e. they don’t necessarily translate simply
across disciplines so while promotion of efficient water markets may be desirable,
the use of market based tools may not be straightforward. For salinity management,
this was partly because it is difficult to quantify the costs of salinity in economic
terms. Although the BSMS salinity registers attempt to do this, the uncertainty
inherent in some of the calculations could make the use of market based
instruments unreliable.
O.
Implementing Tagged Trading in South Australia:
This Project helped to identify and clarify the hydrologic and administrative
characteristics required in a water resource to support a tagged trading system.
These characteristics include: a regulated resource, a water resource with storages,
hydrologic connection across trading zones, an unbundled water rights system, and
a formal ordering system in place. Other than the River Murray Prescribed
Watercourse, there are no water resources in South Australia that meet these
criteria. Thus, the tagged trading system cannot be expanded to other water
resources in South Australia.
P.
Cost recovery for rural surface and groundwater systems:
The main benefit of this project has been to clearly define and distinguish water
planning and management costs from broader NRM (i.e. non-water planning and
management) costs incurred by the key State agencies delivering water planning
and management activities.
The project has highlighted the complexity and magnitude of identifying water
planning and management costs in an integrated NRM model, with multiple State
agencies delivering water planning and management activities amongst a suite of
other activities. Consequently, the implementation of a cost recovery system
potentially may need to be phased over a number of years, focusing on the key
agencies of DWLBC and the regional NRM Boards initially, but having regard to the
other providers of water planning and management activities.
Q.
Development of a policy framework for the release of unallocated water:
The main benefit of this project is that it has clarified the legal definition of
unallocated water for the purposes of implementing Paragraphs 70 to 72 of the NWI
IGA. It has also developed a clear process for identifying unallocated water through
a process of reassessing the trade-offs when determining environmental water
provisions and comprehensive advice on the reservation of any excess water based
on a broad risk assessment.
R.
Managing Environmental Externalities (MEE) (Identify and estimate the impacts
of climate change on the management of water resources through the
development of appropriate information sets):
An appropriate level of stakeholder engagement needs to occur early in project
scoping tasks, and adequate time needs to be allotted to incorporate feedback and
comments from stakeholders for better time management of the project
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development. The science behind the project will be adequate to inform policy.
Broad-scale classifications and prioritisations of water dependent ecosystems can
be useful for developing risk assessment frameworks on a regional scale. There
were, however, limitations to the use of this data owing to spatial accuracy and scale
dependencies, and therefore the accuracy of the subsequent risk assessment tools
developed.
S.
Establish the role of the River Murray Environmental Manager (RMEM) and
develop annual water plans for environmental water delivery to the floodplain of
the River Murray:
The main lesson learnt was that the policy and strategic planning component of the
RMEM function was more appropriately placed in the agency rather than the NRM
Board. This was more a result of changing State and Federal circumstances i.e. the
Water Act 2007 rather than from outcomes created by the project.
T.
Implement nationally compliant water accounting systems including
benchmarking water accounting:
Change management. Several changes during the course of this project could have
benefited from a more formal approach to change management. A particular
example was the evolving nature of water accounting at a national level. This led to
some of the original objectives of the Business Plan being met by other projects
within DWLBC. This change was not realised as a modification until a much later
stage. However, the beneficial outcome was the continued involvement of SA in the
national efforts.
Project Management. Formalised project management practices were not mandated
in DWLBC until part-way through this project. Adoption of these practices was of
benefit to the project but some early opportunities were missed for more rigorous
reporting, change management and risk management.
Information Management. The engagement of a Chief Information Officer and the
reorganisation of information services within DWLBC occurred late in the progress of
this project. Information organisation and supply is key to the success of this project
and an open policy framework for this is still in the planning stages. However, the
changes brought about by this new approach have led to good outcomes for this
project – in particular, the installation of broad-based information architecture within
DWLBC will make it possible for ongoing provision of information to standards and
the rapid change that is required by BoM and other national bodies.
U.
Natural Resource Management Information System - Water (NRMIS-W):
Governance: Several management changes during the course of this project could
have benefited from a more formal approach to transition and change management.
This led to a degree of fragmented solutions that risked non delivery of some of the
original objectives of the Business Plan. The engagement of a Chief Information
Officer and the reorganisation of information services within DWLBC that occurred
late in the project resulted in a new strategic direction and information architecture
that realigned solutions with original objectives.
Project Management: Formalised project management practices were not mandated
in DWLBC until partway through this project. Adoption of these practices was of
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benefit to the project but some early opportunities were missed for more rigorous
reporting, change management and risk management.
Information System Architecture: Alignment with an Enterprise level Architecture and
an Information Systems policy framework was key to the success of this project yet
these artefacts were not available to inform the earlier products delivered. The
engagement of an Enterprise Architect and the reorganisation of information
services within DWLBC under the new Chief Information Officer occurred late in the
progress of this project. However, the changes brought about by these appointments
have led to good outcomes for this project – in particular, the installation of an
Enterprise Platform based on SharePoint and Service Oriented Architecture that
supported the delivery of all Web based NRIMS-W milestones
V.
Implement nationally agreed metering standards and specifications:
DWLBC is confident that all existing metering, and all additional metering proposed
for South Australia does, and will, meet the requirements of the Meter Specification;
and will meet the basic accuracy requirements of the NWI Metering Standards.
The major risk impacting on successful implementation in South Australia is whether
sufficient numbers of meter types and sizes will be submitted for Pattern Approval
(by meter manufacturers) to cover the full range of service conditions required by
Licensed water users. Management of this risk is best achieved by delaying major
amendment to South Australia’s current approach until it is clear what ranges of
pattern approved meters will be available.
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Project Title
9.4
Project
Proponent
SA: Sustainable
Management of Water
Resources in the
Mount Lofty Ranges
Date Funding
Agreement signed
8/05/2006
Department of Water, Land and
Biodiversity Conservation
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Not yet
completed
Project Location
Mt Lofty Ranges
State
SA
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$13,900,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$51,300,000
NWI Objective/s
9. Support to statutory water planning
Project Summary Description
The project aimed to establish an integrated program for the management of the region’s water resources to
achieve sustainable water use, improved water quality and protection of water supply catchments in the Mount
Lofty Ranges (both Eastern Mt Lofty Ranges – EMLR, and Western Mt Lofty Ranges (WMLR).
Project ‘requirements’ stated in the funding agreement comprise:
a. Implement – A. formal water allocation arrangements; B. water quality and pollution risk management
programs; C. improved industrial and agricultural production and water management practices.
b. Establish – A. clear water access entitlements; B. a water trading regime; C. a resource management plan
integrating ecological, social and economic objectives.
c. Undertake community consultation to achieve sustainable water use, enhanced environmental outcomes
and protection of key water supplies.
At the time of project evaluation, the project had not been completed and no final report was available. Project
evaluation has been undertaken based on a set of Milestone reports (which appears to be incomplete, with
reports only available for Milestones 2 and 5b, and with the latter making no reference to earlier Milestones
which were subject to variation since the Milestone 2 report), and other correspondence, some of which is
undated.
Project Objective/s
Project objectives are stated in the funding agreement and repeated below.
The main objective is to establish an integrated program for the management of the Mt Lofty Ranges water
resources to achieve sustainable water use, improves water quality and protection of water supply
catchments.
The specific objectives are to:
a. Achieve an informed community supporting and involved in the development of sustainable natural
resource management measures
b. Deliver monitoring, identification and remediation of pollution through strong partnerships with local
government and the community.
c.
Obtain robust technical information that supports sound decision making and policy development for
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sustainable water resource management and allocation
d. Achieve sustainable management of the future development and use of the Mt Lofty Ranges water
resources within the framework of the Natural Resources Management Act 2004 to balance economic,
social and environmental outcomes, including by securing access to regional water supplies for
agriculture, industrial, domestic and recreational water users. The benefits of doing so include reduced
barriers to investment and development in the Mt Lofty region.
List intended project outcomes/activities? To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved
Outcomes/activities are described below in the form of project Milestones, which are
listed in the Funding Agreement, and are reported against in Milestone Reports. The
Milestones were subject to formal variation throughout the project, with the descriptions
below including both the original and what is understood to be the latest arrangements.
Progress has been gauged against the latest Milestone arrangements.
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Milestone 1

Gazette Notice of Intent to Prescribe and Notice of Prohibition (EMLR – Eastern Mt
Lofty Ranges).

Gazette Notice of Intent to Prescribe and Notice of Prohibition (WMLR – Western Mt
Lofty Ranges).

Consultation on Intent to Prescribe ends (EMLR).

Consultation on Intent to Prescribe ends (WMLR).

Completion of the Regulation to Prescribe (EMLR).

Completion of the Regulation to Prescribe (WMLR).

Existing users apply for a licence (EMLR).

Concept Statement for Water Allocation Plan adopted (EMLR).

Existing users apply for a licence (WMLR).

Concept Statement for Water Allocation Plan adopted (WMLR).

Approval of work plan by the project Advisory Committee.
All completed as per Milestone 2 report
Milestone 2

Authorisations under Notice of Prohibition issued (WMLR).

Completion of the Land and Water Use Survey (WMLR).

Completion of Authorisations under Notice of Prohibition issued (EMLR).

Completion of the Land and Water Use Survey (EMLR).

Report on assessment of water use impacts (WMLR).

Report on assessment of resource capacity (WMLR).

Report on assessment of capacity to meet future demands (WMLR).

Report on assessment of environmental water requirements (WMLR).

Approval of work plan by the Project Advisory Committee.
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All completed as per Milestone 2 report
Milestone 3 (original)

Draft water allocation plan released for consultation (WMLR)

Draft water allocation plan released for consultation (EMLR)

Approval of workplan by project Advisory Committee

Provision of second progress report

Milestone 3A (as per variation letter 7/4/09)
By April 2009 Draft WAP submitted to Minister for release to consult (WMLR)
By May 2009 Draft WAP submitted to Minister for release to consult (EMLR)
Milestone 4 (original)

WAP adopted for EMLR

WAP adopted for WMLR

Approval of work plan by project Advisory Committee

Provision of third progress report

Milestone 4(as per variation letter 18/9/09)

Completed consultation on draft WAP for WMLR
This has been completed. A supplementary non-statutory pre-consultation process was
in November/December 2009, all authorised users and key stakeholders were contacted
and provided an update of the status of the draft Plan, community consultation took
place from 13 October 2010 until 10 January 2011, which included 10 public meetings
across the full extent of the Western Mount Lofty Ranges Prescribed Water Resources
Area (from undated progress update)

Commenced consultation on draft WAP for EMLR
Completed as per Milestone 5b Progress Report.

Completion of processing existing users for allocations (EMLR) prior to
issuing water licences after the WAP is adopted.
It is uncertain whether this has been completed.

Completion of processing existing users for allocations (WMLR) prior to
issuing water licences after the WAP is adopted.
It is uncertain whether this has been completed.

Provision of a progress report.
No Progress Report was available for Milestone 4.
Milestone 5 (original)

Completion of all of the processing of all applications for new allocations under WAP
(EMLR).

Milestone 5b (as per Milestone report 5b)

Public consultation on WAP for EMLR.
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This has been completed (as per Milestone 5b Progress Report).
Milestone 6 (original)

Completion of all of the processing of all applications for new allocations
under WAP (WMLR) – not complete

Provision of final report – not provided for review

Milestone 6 (as per Milestone report 5b)

Adoption of WAP for EMLR
Not completed (as per Milestone 5b Progress Report)

Adoption of WAP for WMLR
Not completed (as per Milestone 5b Progress Report).
Note: It is assumed that processing of all applications for new allocations under EMLR
and WMLR WAPs has not been completed, as it is understood that this activity depends
on WAP adoption.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The Main Objective is very broad, and simply commencing the project could be
considered as achieving this. However, considering its likely intent, this has not been
achieved as the WAPs have not been adopted.
Achievement of Specific Objective ‘a.’ is difficult to measure and its achievement cannot
be adequately gauged from the information provided. However, the project appears to
have covered many essential steps towards achieving this.
Achievement of Specific Objective ‘b.’ cannot be gauged as this aspect of the project
has not been clearly reported on.
Specific Objective ‘c.’ appears to have been met via the technical investigations and
reports produced under Milestone 2.
Specific Objective ‘d.’ has not been met as it is understood that the outcomes within this
objective rely upon adoption and implementation of appropriate WAPs, which have not
yet been adopted, and monitoring of outcomes over time. However, many essential
steps towards achieving sustainable management have been completed within this
project.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 9. Support to statutory water planning
While not complete, the project is completely consistent with the objective of providing
support to statutory water planning. In particular, the project has contributed to a
transparent science based process for developing water allocation plans for the region
involving close consultation with communities. It is largely the final adoption of the
statutory water plans for EMLR and WMLR that has not been completed. However this
is progressing and the essential foundation work has been completed.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
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technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
No, the approaches and techniques used during the project appear to be of a
relatively standard nature, similar to approaches already used in SA for other
regions.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
No. There is no evidence of new techniques being developed or being adopted more
broadly in SA or elsewhere as a result of the project.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
Not necessarily. From the information provided it appears that the practices used
during the project are of a relatively standard nature, similar to approaches already
used in SA for other regions.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
It does not appear that this could have or will occur as the practices used appear to
be essential steps for statutory water planning in SA, and either are occurring
elsewhere already, or will occur irrespective of this project. However, the extent of
Milestone variations within the project suggest that there may be a few lessons
learnt from this project that may flow on to enable more streamlined WAP
development in other areas.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
The project has suffered delays on a number of occasions and has been granted
several time extensions, redefining of Milestones and ‘rollover’ of WSA funds.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
This cannot be adequately described as there is no final report to clearly identify
such circumstances, and Milestone 5b Progress Report is limited in its discussion.
However, there is mention that a ‘significant number’ of stock and domestic water
users ‘have not applied for licenses, as they are required to do’. Such situations
inevitably lead to delays as mentioned above, and unexpected outcomes in terms of
time, cost and also strategies required to eventually meet project objectives.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
It is expected that there will be lessons learnt in relation to the causes of progress
delays and need for variations. These should be described in the final report, and
may point to suggestions such as:
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Unfortunately, no risks were identified in the funding agreement.

Identify risks up front and agree on management of these.

Specify clearly requirements for knowledge transfer to broader industry.
361
Project Title
9.5
Project
Proponent
TAS: Enhancing Water
Resource Planning
Date Funding
Agreement signed
6/12/2005
Department of Primary
Industries, Water & Environment
Date Completed
(final/last report)
12/2010
Project Location
Tasmania
State
Tasmania
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$2,253,945
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
TBC
NWI Objective/s
9: Support statutory water planning
Project Summary Description
The project was implemented to develop comprehensive scientific information on ground water and surface
water resources across the State. Through the project, surface water models were completed for all 54
catchments. The surface water hydrological models were automated to allow the provision of relevant data
and water information on a catchment by catchment basis to various external Australian Government
stakeholders (Bureau of Meteorology, National Water Commission) for the preparation of water balances,
resource assessments or water accounts.
Groundwater models of 19 catchments were completed with the intention to support the development of
catchment scale water management plans and will form the basis for carrying out water resource
assessments leading to sustainable licensing and allocation of groundwater resources, the implementation of
groundwater resource management strategies, and the production of robust water accounts required for
National Water Initiative reporting.
Tasmania’s recently developed Conservation of Freshwater Ecosystem Value (CFEV) database has been
ground-truthed and refined and has been used to identify interim High Ecological Value Aquatic Ecosystems
(HEVAE’s) for the National Framework/list of Freshwater Ecosystem assets.
Project Objective/s
The overall objective of the Project was to enhance the strategic planning, measurement, monitoring,
management, accounting and trading of water resources and catchments in Tasmania through the provision
of the best available scientific hydrological and environmental values information in a manner that is
consistent with the objectives and principles of the NWI.
The specific Objectives of the Project were to:
a. Provide information to allow informed and expedient water management planning decisions consistent
with the objectives of the NWI;
b. Significantly improve Tasmania’s ability to strategically manage water resources consistent with the
objectives of the NWI;
c.
Better understand the sustainable yield of, and the relationship between, Tasmania’s surface water and
groundwater systems to enable more efficient and effective management of these resources;
d. Develop robust surface water and groundwater models and collect surface water and groundwater data
(and identify and prioritise gaps in that data), to improve Tasmania’s ability to measure, monitor and
manage its water resources;
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e. Identify stressed and over-allocated water systems and obtain the information needed to enable the
implementation of sustainable allocation and management of water resources (including implementation
of a groundwater entitlements system)l
f.
Obtain the information required to implement appropriate environmental flow regimes for all key water
resources;
g. Obtain the information required to monitor the impact of land use changes on catchment hydrology at a
catchment level;
h. Identify freshwater conservation values priorities based on sound information and strategic management
tools;
i.
Obtain the information required to derive hydrological disturbance indicators to allow Regional NRM
Committees to assess and report on river conditions under the NRM Monitoring and Evaluation
Framework;
j.
Enable the effective and objective decision-making about Tasmania’s freshwater ecosystems; and
k.
Accelerate progress in the development and implementation of catchment water management plans
across the State, including by refining the CFEV Database to enable greater management of, and more
informed discussion and negotiation engagement with, communities in the Groundwater Catchments and
Surface Water Catchments.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
a. Develop surface water hydrological models for 54 agricultural catchments in
Tasmania as listed in the funding agreement.
Surface water models were completed for all 54 catchments. The models were
developed to simulate three management scenarios, these being; Natural Flow (No
entitlements), with Water Entitlements (with water entitlements extracted) and with
Environmental Flows and Water Entitlements (Water entitlements extracted, however
low priority entitlements are limited by an environmental flow threshold). The surface
water hydrological models were automated to allow the provision of relevant data and
water information on a catchment by catchment basis to various external Australian
Government stakeholders (Bureau of Meteorology, National Water Commission) for the
preparation of water balances, resource assessments or water accounts. Two primary
issues arose with the development of some of the surface water models:

The accuracy of water extraction/use information could be significantly improved by
water use surveys or water meter information. Currently, in the absence of
information on daily patterns of extraction, the model assumes that water entitlements
are extracted at a constant daily flow for each month.

The proponent recommends that should accurate daily extraction information become
available then the AWF hydrological models should be altered to include this, thus
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improving the model calibrations and predictions.

The proponent has stated the majority of the catchment models can be considered as
robust. However, the lack of observed streamflow data in some catchments has
influenced accuracy of model calibration and the assessment of model performance.
The expansion of the Department of Primary Industries, Water & Environment’s
baseline streamflow network will resolve these calibration issues where new
streamflow stations have been installed.
b. Develop a model of the groundwater in up to 20 Tasmanian catchments, which
are already under some level of stress due to water usage, or have high potential
to become stressed, including linkages to relevant surface water models in the
Surface Water Catchments;
Groundwater models of 19 catchments were completed with the intention to support the
development of catchment scale water management plans and will form the basis for
carrying out water resource assessments leading to sustainable licensing and allocation
of groundwater resources, the implementation of groundwater resource management
strategies, and the production of robust water accounts required for National Water
Initiative reporting.
The location of groundwater modelling areas changed since the preliminary list was
provided to the National Water Commission in the initial project proposal and identified in
the Funding Agreement. The previously identified areas in the NWI contract that were
removed included the Black/Detention, Jordan, Macquarie, North Esk and Pipers. These
were all excluded because of their relative lack of significant groundwater resources after
closer scrutiny. The updated list of modelled areas incorporate parts or all of the other
catchments listed, depending on the location of groundwater resources within the
catchment and the likely groundwater – surface water interaction.
The nineteen areas were classified according to the level of model complexity that was
required and that could be achieved under the terms of the project. A three tiered
classification system was adopted. Class A (10 areas) models would deliver a
conceptual water balance model. Class B (6 areas) models would require the
development of semi-quantitative numerical model and Class C (3 areas) models would
require the development and calibration of a quantitative numerical model.
c. Identify and manage key aquatic ecosystem values through groundtruthing and
refinement of the Department’s Conservation of Freshwater Ecosystem Values
(CFEV) Database, which contains data about the various conservation values of
Tasmanian’s aquatic ecosystems (including biological and geomorphologic
values).
The outputs from the CFEV component of the project have been completed and are as
follows:
 A restructured and normalised database with enhanced user friendly operability;

A document that has reviewed existing resources relating to updating various data
sets within the CFEV database; and

A documented plan for updating the CFEV database into the future (beyond this
project).
The refinement and further development of the CFEV database under this project has
allowed more efficient identification and prioritisation of freshwater conservation values
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for a suite of water management planning processes. The validation component of this
project in a number of priority water management planning catchments has provided
community confidence in the identification of freshwater ecosystem values as part of the
water management planning process. CFEV reporting has now become a standard
report undertaken as part of water management planning and the refinements made to
the CFEV database and development of the CFEV user interface have allowed CFEV to
become a routinely used strategic management tool in water resource management and
planning in Tasmania. CFEV has also been used to identify interim High Ecological
Value Aquatic Ecosystems (HEVAE’s) for the National Framework/list of Freshwater
Ecosystem assets.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
Achievement of specific objectives a. and b.:
In the absence of information of surface water and groundwater systems in Tasmania
the development of the surface water and groundwater models have enabled the
achievement of specific objective a and b.
Achievement of specific objective c.:
The development of both hydrological models enabled the relationship between the two
hydrological systems to be determined on a catchment by catchment basis. The
development of the surface water models, in combination with other similar models
created under the National Action Plan (further 15 surface water models), has enabled
better understanding of the sustainable yield of surface water. The surface water models
contributed directly to the determination of sustainable yield within the Australian Water
Resources 2005 Baseline Assessment undertaken by the National Water Commission.
This also applies to numerical groundwater models (3 in total) that have been directly
used to identify the groundwater resource. Partial understanding of sustainable yield was
possible with the conceptual groundwater models and semi-numerical groundwater
models (16 combined). Given the limitations of the conceptual and semi-numerical
model it is considered that specific objective is only partially achieved.
Achievement of specific objective d.:
The proponent has stated that the majority of the surface water system should be
considered robust however a number of surface water models as well as the majority of
the groundwater models (all, excepting the 3 numerical models) require additional field
data that, at the time, was not available. As a result this data collection was prioritised by
the proponent and a significant expansion of both the groundwater and surface water
networks, funded by the Tasmanian Government and the Bureau of Meteorology, has
now been completed or is currently being undertaken.
The proponent has successfully identified and prioritised the collection of necessary data
and developed models to improve the State’s ability to manage its water resources.
However, given the significant information gaps substantial improvements in a number of
the surface water and groundwater models are required for the models to be considered
robust. Therefore the specific project objective d is only partially met.
Achievement of specific objective e.:
The development of the models in this project provided the proponent with the
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information to identify stressed or over-allocated systems. However the results of the
study indicated no river systems are over allocated in Tasmania. There is no mention of
whether the same conclusion was reached for groundwater systems. Despite this; the
development of the models will allow Tasmania to identify over-allocation in hydrological
systems in the future. This specific objective is considered to be achieved.
Achievement of specific objective f.:
Both models consider environmental flows scenarios allowing the proponent to obtain
implement appropriate environmental flow regimes for key water resources.
Achievement of specific objective g.:
The models have enabled the proponent to determine the information required to
monitor the impact of forestry land use on catchment hydrology through the incorporation
of the hydrological models and the CFEV into Water Availability and Forest Landuse
(WAFL) Tool. Both the models and CFEV are “plug ins” to the tool which allows an
assessment of how changes in forest land use impact on water availability. This can be
undertaken at the catchment or sub catchment scale and also allows an assessment of
the impact of changes in water availability though changes in forest cover on freshwater
ecosystem conservation values as identified by CFEV. The tool has state-wide
application and has been used within the water management planning process where
significant plantation estate exists or where increases in plantation forestry development
are planned. The proponent has successfully achieved this objective.
Achievement of specific objective i.:
The development of Flow Stress Ranking as a supplementary component of the surface
water models was included as an additional project activity to be completed using the
cost savings from the original project activities. The successful completion of Flow Stress
Rankings has provided the necessary information to allow Regional NRM Committees to
assess and report on river conditions under the NRM Monitoring and Evaluation
Framework. As stated in the proponent’s final report the NRM Monitoring and Evaluation
Framework under which river condition indicators which include the hydrological
disturbance indicators discussed here has largely been superseded by the MERI
reporting framework. However, the Framework for the Assessment of River and Wetland
Health (FARWH) remains the primary platform for national reporting of riverine condition.
Achievement of specific objectives h., j. and k.:
The successful enhancement of the CFEV database has enabled the proponent to
achieve objectives h., j., and k..
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 9: Support statutory water planning
The objectives and outcomes of this project are primarily with regards to developing the
understanding of groundwater and surface water systems in Tasmania and improving
the accessibility and comprehensive of the information already obtained relating to
conservation values of freshwater ecosystem in the State. This work was undertaken to
inform decision making relating to water resource management within Tasmania. The
successful completion of the objectives and outcomes of the Project has therefore
supported the statutory water planning for Tasmania.
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Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
The project utilised standard hydrological models and improving the operability of
the existing CFEV database.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
This project’s primary focus was not to increase the uptake or incorporate practices
or processes but to provide information or understanding of hydrological systems to
be able to do this in the future.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
Prior to this project, hydrological models were not developed for the majority of the
Tasmania’s agricultural catchments and limited understanding of the State’s
groundwater resources existed at this time (2005). In addition, the CFEV database
was complex and required specialist skills to manipulate and interpret the data
contained within it meaning accessibility to a suite of users was limited. The
development of the hydrological models and the improved operability of the CFEV
database have both advanced the state of development of practices to enable
improved water use management in Tasmania.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
This project did not directly increase the uptake of improved water use practices in
Tasmania but has provided a knowledge base, through the development of the two
hydrological models and update of the CFEV database, to inform and improve water
use practices in the future.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
The project was completed with a savings total. WSA granted approval for the
proponent to undertake additional activities with the remaining funding originally
allocated and extended the Project Period twice allowing the final Milestone to be
completed in October 2010.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
Finished under budget and savings were used to apply the project deliverables to
integrate the modelling into routine monitoring and reporting frameworks for NWI.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
Based on information within the Progress Reports the proponent struggled to
engage contractors for surfacewater modelling requirements in a timely fashion due
to contractual agreements. In addition, the early stages of the groundwater models
development was hindered due to prolonged absence of internal staff for personal
reasons. In response milestones were delayed by the National Water Commission.
However, the original project milestones were met within agreed deadlines. A
variation was granted to complete the additional project tasks by four months.
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Project Title
9.6
Project
Proponent
WA: Integrated Water
Resource Management
for the Collie
Catchment
Date Funding
Agreement signed
21/09/2007
Department of Water
Date Completed
(final/last report)
October
2010
Project Location
Collie catchment
State
WA
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$1,808,134
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
TBC
NWI Objective/s
9. Support statutory water planning
Project Summary Description
The project involved the development of a water resource management strategy for the Collie Catchment, the
largest surface water source in southern WA. The project has identified the water requirements of all major
users in the Collie Catchment and has provided a robust foundation for water management that will lead to
improved water supply and trading options for the wide spectrum of users. Presently power generation,
irrigation and public water supplies are all competing for the surface and groundwater resources of the Collie
Catchment. The project forms stage one of a two stage process to substantially increase water availability
from the area by up to 50 GL/yr. The implementation of the project will provide a whole of system approach to
ground and surface water management and will involve strong community and industry engagement to
quantify water demands and the potential for water trading. Technical investigations into the operation of the
surface water and groundwater systems in the catchment, including the modelling of linked reservoirs, have
been completed. The development, release and implementation the Upper Collie water allocation plan
(surface water and groundwater) which was due to be released in 2009 will provide the foundation for
achieving the project objectives.
Project Objective/s
a. To accelerate the development and implementation of a statutory management plan for the water
resources of the Collie River Catchment in line with NWI timelines.
b. To provide a robust foundation to guide and facilitate the development of innovative approaches to water
management;
c. To improve community understanding and management adoption through social marketing and
collaboration;
d. To improve groundwater management through enhanced dynamic groundwater management and early
identification of post mining recovery options;
e. To increase efficiency of water use through quantifying industry demands and identifying potential risk
management strategies for resource protection;
f. To optimise the performance of major surface water reservoirs in the catchment;
g. To maximise the efficiency of the supply of water for industrial and irrigation use;
h. To improve water quality in degraded stream channels and drains; and
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i. To return over allocated water resources to sustainable levels.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Develop an optimised groundwater model that accounts for interactions between
surface and groundwater resources and reduced rainfall/recharge with the drying
climate.
A groundwater model was developed using the finite element groundwater modelling
package FEFLOW, developed by DHI-WASY. FEFLOW is the industry standard finite
element modelling package for flow, mass and heat transport in porous media. This
modelling environment was selected because it had these features: the ability to
represent steeply dipping strata; spatial delineation of complex geometries; localised
mesh refinement; ability to present faulting; powerful surface flux interface
(recharge/ET). Further information regarding whether the FEFLOW model produced
accounts for interactions between surface water and groundwater has been requested
from the proponent.
The department has documented the modelling assessment in the final report:

Collie Basin Groundwater Modelling –June 2010
Develop innovative solutions to the recovery of groundwater levels and mine void
management in post-mining catchments of high rainfall regions
In the Cardiff sub-basin where mining has ceased groundwater levels are recovering.
This may flood underground and open cut mine voids where sulfide rich coal seams
occur and has the potential to degrade water quality within the basin.
A robust monitoring network is critical to understanding groundwater recovery in the
basin. Funds were used to develop a water quality sampling programme of selected
Department of Water monitoring bores and to prepare a report interpreting the data and
discussing results. Subsequent to this a risk assessment of changes in groundwater and
surface water quality in response to underground and open cut coal mining in the Collie
Basin was carried out. A strategy and methodology to sample water quality in the
underground mine workings has also been prepared. A ‘State of the Basin’ report
summarising the trends in groundwater levels and quality in major aquifers in the Collie
Basin highlighting major issues and making recommendations for monitoring and
management has been completed.
There is no evidence that the funded work undertaken has developed ‘innovative
solutions’; however, the baseline monitoring data and monitoring network developed
provides the foundations which could lead to the development of innovative solutions in
the future.
The department has documented these assessments in the final report:
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
Collie Basin Groundwater Assessment of State of the Basin, May 2010
Develop an innovative approach to managing mine voids as resources for public
water supply, industrial use or recreation
There are currently a number of closed mine voids within the Collie Basin that contain
water, forming pit lakes. These pit lakes have the potential to alter the groundwater
balance and affect water quality. Some of these are currently used for recreation. Others
may be used in the future for public recreation or as water resources.
WFTF funds were used to:

Develop an inventory of pit lake data within the Collie Basin including void history,
storage, hydrology, water quality, water source and ecology

Conduct an assessment of the effects of pit lakes on human health

Develop an ongoing monitoring strategy for pit lakes and connected waters

Develop conceptual models of individual pit lakes

Undertake bio-geo-chemical modelling of pit lake water chemistry to support
management decisions.
The above studies resulted in modelling tools that provide the strategies to better
manage dewatering, groundwater recovery, use of mine voids and water quality issues.
Although the models and strategies were developed specifically to manage the Collie
mine voids, the methodologies and analysis was well documented and could be applied
to develop mine closure plans for similar mines. The studies indicate that many mining
companies leave a hole in the ground or allow the voids to fill gradually over time forming
a pit lake, and there has been limited research undertaken to assess the risks and health
effects of human activities associated with activities undertaken at mine lakes. This
project increases the body of research available, and provides a case study for
managing various aspects of mine voids to create a future valuable water resource.
The department has documented these assessments in the final reports:

Mine Voids Management Strategy (I), Pit Lake Resources of the Collie basin, Nov
2009

Mine Voids Management Strategy (II), Review of potential health risks associated
with Collie pit lakes, June 2010

Mine Voids Management strategy (III), A monitoring strategy for Pit lakes and
connected waters, June 2010

Mine Voids Management Strategy (IV) Conceptual Models of Collie basin Pit Lakes,
June 2010

Mine Voids Management strategy (V), Water Quality Modelling of Collie Basin Pit
Lakes
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Improve the technical decision making tool required (TwoRes model) for effective
reservoir management and improve the certainty of access to current and future
users.
The TwoRes model has been developed for both the Wellington and Harris reservoirs. It
has the capacity to support surface water modelling by coordinating the management of
multiple reservoirs to optimise water use and transfer efficiency. The upgrade from the
previous water balance spreadsheet to the TwoRes model has reduced the
computational time, and allowed for more detail to be included in the simulations.
The TwoRes model is a management tool that provides the department with the ability to
quickly assess any future licence applications or changes in operating strategies for
Wellington or Harris reservoirs. The TwoRes model is currently being used to assess the
impact of increased industrial water use from Wellington Reservoir on irrigation supply.
The department has documented these assessments in the final reports:

Development of a daily water balance REALM Model for Wellington reservoir, Aug
2009

Wellington and Harris reservoirs, REALM Model, Mar 2010 (operating manual)
Deliver an improved accounting and monitoring network of industrial water use in
the Collie catchment
This milestone activity had three sub-categories that were further broken into individual
task. Some tasks could not be completed due to factors such as unavailability of industry
(Griffin Gp) input due to being in administration, and dependence on higher level
policy/strategy (state water accounting procedure) that has not been completed. A
variation was made to the original deed to push back some key milestone dates and
reduce the amount of funding for this objective to reflect that a number of tasks could not
be fully completed within the project timeframe.
Water Service Provision Policy Framework – Industrial water service provider
This work will be further developed to consider viable scenarios and engineering and
economic analysis over the next two years as the position and policy is developed with
the plan.
Water accounting and measurement
The department will work with industry and stakeholders once the national and Western
Australian standard is finalised and consider the local accounts for Wellington Reservoir
and Collie groundwater as the next generation plan is developed over the next two
years.
Alternative water supplies – air cooling for power stations and new industry
A water strategy will be considered for the Collie basin once the financial position of the
Griffin Group has been stabilised and the expected state energy initiative is released.
The Griffin Group are currently operating two coal fired power stations with another two
receiving environmental recommendation from the EPA.
The department has documented these assessments in the final reports:

Business case for phase B – Salinity treatment and Disposal project, Jul 2009
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
Collie – Wellington salinity recovery scheme, Mar 2010

Investigation of management framework and options for the proposed Collie water
utility, Oct 2008

Industrial water-service provision for the Upper Collie area, May 2010.
Seeks to reinstate ecosystem processes in degraded stream channels, in order to
improve stream water quality.
The products proposed under this activity have been completed and provide a
consolidated review and conceptual framework around understanding the Collie River
system, including its: ecological values; prioritisation of reaches under a value/threat
assessment; understanding of surface water flow requirements to support both
ecological, as well as social and cultural values; and conceptual dependency of
ecosystems on groundwater.
The studies have identified knowledge gaps on which further investigation can be
undertaken or refined. However, the outcomes of these studies have provided tools to
assist the Department of Water in developing appropriate licensing conditions and
management approaches to assist in future assessments or applications, particularly for
groundwater use.
The department can apply a regulatory framework approach which can support
continued state development of the Collie water resources within a minimal risk
approach, recognising that some refinement of the current studies may be borne by the
applicant where a potential impact has been identified at the conceptual level through
these studies.
The department has documented these assessments in the final reports:

River Action Plan for the Upper Collie Catchment, April 2010

Collie River Ecological Values Assessment, April 2009

Nyungar Values of the Collie River; Mar 2009

Lower Collie River Social Values Survey, Nov 2008

Brunswick River Catchment Social Values Survey, April 2010

Identification and mapping of Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems Association with
the Collie River, April 2010
Conduct a transparent planning process to accommodate the community and
water resource user’s acceptance of the statutory plan.
This milestone has provided a sound foundation for future community engagement as
the department develops the second stage of planning for the Upper Collie catchment. It
also enables a smooth integration of the outcomes of all the milestones to be
communicated in a cohesive and user friendly manner to not only the Collie community
but the broader community of Western Australia.
The department has documented these assessments in the final reports:

Completion for Stage 1 community involvement, Nov 2009- summary report

Communications and community engagement strategy – Integrated water resources
management for Upper Collie catchment, Apr 2010
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To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
As indicated above the project outcomes have largely been achieved, with the exception
of some items that are reliant upon external factors. Achieving these outcomes will, in
some cases, achieve particular objectives. This is the case for objectives a. and b. For
others, the project outcomes alone cannot achieve the objectives, but are consistent with
requirements for their eventual achievement. This is particularly the case for objectives
e. to i. The development, release and implementation the Upper Collie water allocation
plan (surface water and groundwater) in 2009 will provide the foundation for achieving
these objectives.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 9. Support statutory water planning
Effective statutory water planning relies upon appropriate levels of knowledge to manage
the risks associated with the nature and level of land and water use that is expected to
occur throughout the duration of a plan. Individual water resources must be identified,
along with their dependencies, linkages, values, threats and impacting activities. In
addition, stakeholder engagement must occur over the full planning timeframe and with
relevant representation – including that for industrial, environmental and cultural
requirements. The project has clearly addressed some fundamental planning
requirements, and also adopted innovative approaches to dealing with issues that are
peculiar to the area
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best technology
for supporting statutory water planning in WA.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating water allocation methodologies into statutory water planning standard
practices or processes.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as best techniques for
supporting statutory water planning in WA. Water use practices, in relation to this
project, is defined as water allocation methodologies used to prepare statutory
water planning.
The development of surface water and groundwater numerical models for the Collie
catchment has increased the state of development of technology available to
support the water planning for the Collie catchment; however, there is no evidence
that it has significantly increased the state of development of technology in the
water industry as a whole.
It is anticipated that the numerical models developed as part of this project will be
used to model water resource management scenarios and inform monitoring
programs in the future for the Collie Catchment.
This project has increased the state of development into water allocation and
management methodologies through research into strategic monitoring and
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management of mine voids.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating water allocation methodologies into statutory water planning standard
practices or processes. Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined
as water allocation methodologies used to prepare statutory water planning.
This project has increased the uptake of water allocation methodologies through
completion of the Upper Collie water allocation plan (surface water and
groundwater) (finalised in 2009) which is anticipated to support the development of
future water allocation and resource management in the Collie catchment.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
WSA enabled a variation to the timing of project milestones, and subsequent
distribution of funding over time, to meet the proponent’s circumstances.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
While outcomes from this project significantly increased knowledge in the water
resource management for the Collie catchment, there were no unexpected
outcomes as a result of this project in regards to the achievement of outcomes and
objectives.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
For projects of this significance, it is recommended that all lessons learned (both
positive and negative) be well documented. This will allow for these key learnings to
be disseminated, and used to guide the administration of future projects of similar
nature. Additionally, all potential risks associated to project delivery in line with the
proposed scope should be clearly documented at the outset to provide a risk
management strategy and present contingency plans.
Funding agreements for projects of this nature should include a requirement to
document and disseminate information about new tools and /or techniques
developed during the course of the project to promote knowledge transfer and wider
adoption in the water sector. This could include publication of guidance manuals on
web sites or presentation of papers at industry conferences.
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Project Title
9.7
Project
Proponent
WA: South West
Groundwater Areas
Management Plan
Date Funding
Agreement signed
21/09/2007
Department of Water
Date Completed
(final/last report)
October
2010
Project Location
South West Western Australia
State
WA
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$3,526,540
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
TBC
NWI Objective/s
9. Support statutory water planning
Project Summary Description
The aim of the project was to achieve a higher level of understanding of the groundwater resources in the
South West Groundwater Areas (Bunbury, Busselton-Capel and Blackwood proclaimed groundwater areas),
to enhance the ability to assess the effect of groundwater allocation and abstraction on economic, ecological
and social issues of the region. The project has established environmental water provisions, sustainable
yields and revision of existing allocation limits for significant groundwater resources in the area. The
hydrogeological investigations, database collation and update, expansion of the monitoring network, local
area models and update of the SWAMS model, development of ecological social and cultural water
requirements, development of decision-support tools and management systems, and research into the
significance of groundwater and surface water interception by plantations conducted as part of this project
provide the baseline information required to support long-term planning for public water supplies
The information gained from investigations and assessments completed as part of this project provides the
technical information required develop the South West groundwater areas allocation plan (finalised in May
2009) which will support the development of future water allocation (or water sharing) plans.
Project Objective/s
1. To improve monitoring, reporting and accounting of water use through expansion of monitoring networks,
accounting of water allocated to the environment and expansion of metering of groundwater users;
2. To improve public access to information with the establishment of a community monitoring review group
and the development of an internet based user system;
3. To improve specification of environmental outcomes and provision of water to meet these outcomes, by
the development of tools to help standardise quantitative determination of water requirements, economic
evaluation of water allocation options, and multi-criteria analysis of stakeholder/community preferences
regarding water allocation options;
4. To develop local area hydrogeological models to refine and increase certainty in the regional groundwater
model. This will help to define the risk and impacts to environmental assets;
5. To develop a comprehensive assessment of ecological water requirements for critical environmental
assets; and
6. To develop a water management plan for the groundwater resources of the South West Groundwater
Areas. This includes development of a comprehensive hydrogeological and environmental monitoring
program, adaptive management and reporting/accounting frameworks for monitoring and allocation of
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water. These programs and frameworks will be used to inform the development of the statutory
management plans for completion in 2010.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Groundwater investigations and modelling, including sub-projects:

Hydrogeological and hydrological investigations;

Development of a local area model for the Swan Coastal Plain and the
Blackwood River: and

Complete licence assessment, monitoring and compliance work.
All tasks were successfully completed for the hydrogeological and hydrological
investigations, and the licence assessment, monitoring and compliance work. However,
there was no evidence that surface water – groundwater interactions were incorporated
into the Swan Coastal Plain and Blackwood River local area models. This has resulted in
the classification of ‘partially met’ for the overall activity: Groundwater investigations and
modelling.
Hydrogeological and hydrological investigations:
All associated tasks of the hydrogeological and hydrological investigations were
successfully completed. The department completed the Swan Coastal Plain superficial
aquifer and the groundwater dependant ecosystem on the Swan and Scott coastal plains
drilling programs. Monitoring bores (with water level loggers) were constructed at each of
the coring sites, and liquid permeability analysis (vertical and horizontal, effective
porosity, irreducible water content, water retention characteristics, bulk density, particle
size distribution and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity), palaeological sampling, and
groundwater quality sampling was conducted. Cores retrieved from the drilling provided
data regarding depth of root penetration and lithological characteristics of the
sedimentary profile. Gauging stations were also constructed along the Blackwood River
to conduct flow gauging, discrete discharge measurements, water quality sampling, and
ecological research. South-west groundwater investigations on the Bunbury saltwater
interface and the Busselton-Capel Yarragadee aquifer were conducted to provide a
better understanding of aquifer parameters and assess aquifer performance and
sustainability of ongoing groundwater abstraction and resource development.
The Department has documented these assessments in the final reports:

Bore completion reports ( HR287, HR289, HR296, HR287)

SGS Drilling Activity Report

Confined aquifers Petrel model
Development of a local area model for the Swan Coastal Plain and the Blackwood
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River:
Local area models for the Swan Coastal Plain and the Blackwood River were developed.
The department engaged constants to develop a hydraulic model (using HEC-RAS to
import into the river analysis package) of the groundwater gaining reach of the
Blackwood River, to identify flow rates that achieve ecological thresholds for
environmental flow studies. However, the department is still currently undertaking a long
term investigation of the surface-groundwater interactions on the Blackwood River, and
therefore; has not yet met this objective. The department developed the Swan Coastal
Plain local scale model, using data collected in the hydrological investigations; however,
no information was provided on the type of model and whether it incorporated surface
water – groundwater interactions. Further information regarding this task has been
requested from the proponent.
The hydrogeological data collected as part of the investigations and the local area
models have been used to upgrade the SWAMsv2 model (which includes surface water
– groundwater interactions).
The Department has documented these assessments in the final reports:

Analysis of Lower Blackwood River Report

Report on the development of the Black wood River HEC-RAS and river analysis
package (RAP)

Swan Coastal Plain local scale assessment report and modelling

SWAMS model upgrade and use – data collection, methods and analytical results
(HR 305) – DRAFT
Complete licence assessment, monitoring and compliance work:
Licence assessment, monitoring and compliance work was successfully completed,
which included developing standard conditions for Scott Coastal Plain groundwater
licences, and developing standard licences guidelines for four industries. This
incorporated water use surveys and compliance audits of licences being reviewed,
developing the water monitoring standards, which has resulted in an increased
understanding of managing the resource by licensees in this area. Data collected from
the hydrogeological investigations has helped increase the understanding of current
water use, abstraction, licence entitlements and water trading, and has been used to
upgrade SWAMs.
The Department has documented these assessments in the final reports:

Scott River licence review report

Scott Coastal Plain recommended Monitoring and Reporting Programs
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Determination of comprehensive ecological, social and cultural water
requirements
The department successfully conducted ecological, social and cultural water
requirements. The works undertaken aligned with the activities required, where the
groundwater dependent ecosystems (GDE) criteria sites and reference control sites on
Western Scott Coastal Plain and northern Blackwood Plateau were finalised and
investigations (vegetation transects and monitoring using shallow piezometers) were
conducted to determine ecological water required (EWRs). Social and cultural water
requirements (SWR) investigations were also undertaken including the identification of
recreation sites of significance, aboriginal heritage sites of significance and areas of
intrinsic and educational value. This data (SWR and EWR) was incorporated into the
numerical groundwater models to determine environmental water provisions (EWP).
The Department has documented these assessments in the final reports:

Vegetation assessment Blackwood, Plateau and Scott Coastal Plain (2007, 2008,
2009 reports)

Ecohydrological status and vulnerability of GDE in the southwest

Monitoring of groundwater dependent vegetation southern Blackwood plateau and
Scott coastal plain (2008 and 2009 reports)

Vegetation monitoring Swan Coastal Plain (Bunbury – Busselton –Capel groundwater
areas)

Migration pattern of fishes of the Blackwood river and relationships to groundwater
intrusion
Development of decision-support tools and management systems
This activity was successfully completed. The department has collated existing
information on water-dependent social values and water-dependency and conducted
research to identify sites and attributes not previously captured. The Department has
also developed a GIS based management tool that can be used for licensing and
allocation planning; however, no information was provided as to whether the tool has
been sufficiently documented, to enable the tool to be deployed for wider application at
both a state and national level.
Three community reference groups (the Capel, the Scott Coastal Plain, and the Capes
water user groups) have been established and stakeholders from the region have the
capacity to review and evaluate the monitoring information collected by the Department.
The Water Information Network (WIN) has been updated and cleansed as part of this
project, where information will be made available to the public via the BoM website. The
SWAMs model has been updated with current information; however, there was no
indication that the model will always be up-to-date with real time monitoring data.
A web based ‘management triggers and responses’ framework was developed for the
2009 South West groundwater areas allocation plan, which will be vastly improved by
having the refined management triggers for the 2010 version. The first web based
annual evaluation statement of the performance of management against the plan’s
objectives will be completed in mid-2010.
Discussions in the final report indicate that tools and methodologies to standardise the
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378
determination of ecological water requirements have been, and are currently being
developed, as a result of this project. Further information has been requested from the
proponent to determine whether a formal method was developed to quantitatively
determine social water requirements, conduct economic evaluations of allocation
options, or obtain community preferences on allocation options through a multi-objective
planning process, in line with the objectives in the funding deed.
Research the significance of groundwater and surface water interception by
plantations
This activity was successfully completed, where key tasks completed increased the
research into the significance of groundwater and surface water interception by
plantations through: literature reviews (including liaison with other jurisdictions,
attendance at national workshops, and engagement with the plantation industry and
industry consultants), research to quantify water use in important water resource
management areas (where existing data is unavailable), spatial mapping and
development of a plantation database, and input of data into existing groundwater flow
models. Outcomes from these investigations were compiled into ‘Strategic Policy:
Managing water interception by plantation forestry in Western Australia’. The department
also developed a position statement to provide guidance to self-supply irrigators who
wish to form as an irrigation service provider (ISP).
The Department has documented these assessments in the reports and mapping
products:

Map Plantations

Strategic Policy – managing water interception by plantation forestry in Western
Australia, Dec 2009

Inter-jurisdictional analysis of community based governance arrangements for water
resource management in Western Australia, Oct 2008

Position statement – Self supply irrigators forming as an irrigation service provider

Model for community self-management

Water user group guidelines
Conduct Acid Sulfate Soils investigations
The project successfully completed Acid Sulfate Soil (ASS) and Potential Acid Sulfate
Soil (PASS) investigations. Work conducted included: increased the intensity of regolith
investigation sites on the coastal plains to enable improved resolution of ASS hazard
mapping; conducted PASS surveys on the Blackwood Plateau in areas of environmental
and social significance; conducted deeper investigations to identify whether ASS hazard
occurs extensively in deeper layers of water tables within the superficial aquifer; and
undertook collaboration work with water resource modelling systems to identify areas
where declines in shallow groundwater regimes are likely to occur from land and
groundwater use activities.
The Department has documented these assessments in the final report, ASS Survey
Report.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
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379
This project has successfully achieved all project objectives.
Hydrogeological investigations and expansion of the monitoring bore network in both
shallow and deep aquifers throughout the South West groundwater area improves
monitoring, reporting and accounting of water use (Objective 1). Information was
obtained by core drilling for stratigraphy, installing monitoring bores, logging of water
levels, environmental tracer sampling, analysis of recharge zones of the Yarragadee and
Leederville aquifers, and water quality analysis. The monitoring bores also provide
valuable, long-term monitoring data for assessing aquifer performance and sustainability
in response to future abstraction and climate changes (Objectives 1 and 6). This data
was also used to achieve improved conceptual modelling and better calibration of the
SWAMS model, as well as the development of local area models which significantly
improve the department’s ability to allocate and manage groundwater in the South West
groundwater areas (Objective 4).
Social Water Requirements and Ecological Water Requirements developed through
investigation activities were incorporated into the numerical groundwater models to
determine environmental water provisions (EWP). Tools and methodologies, to
standardise the determination of ecological water requirements have been, and are
being developed as a result of this project (Objectives 3, 4 and 5).
South West groundwater areas allocation plan was finalised in May 2009 and controls
individual licences (entitlements) issued under the Rights in Water and Irrigation Act
1914, and will be used to inform the development of the statutory management plans for
completion in 2010 (Objective 6).
The community water users groups and extensive stakeholder engagement was
conducted as part of this project, and the update and cleansing of the WIN database
allows for improve public access to information (Objective 2).
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
9. Support statutory water planning
The information gained from investigations and assessments completed as part of this
project provides the technical information required develop the South West groundwater
areas allocation plan (finalised in May 2009) which will support the development of future
water allocation (or water sharing) plans.
The hydrogeological investigations, database collation and update, expansion of the
monitoring network, local area models and update of the SWAMS model, development
of ecological social and cultural water requirements, development of decision-support
tools and management systems, and research into the significance of groundwater and
surface water interception by plantations conducted as part of this project provide the
baseline information required to support long-term planning for public water supplies.
Overall, this project has been consistent with the NWI and provides robust, science
based water planning.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
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State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best technology
380
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
for supporting statutory water planning in WA.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating water allocation methodologies into statutory water planning standard
practices or processes.
There is no evidence that this project has advanced the state of development of
technology for supporting statutory water planning in WA.
There is no evidence that this project has increased the uptake of technology for
supporting statutory water planning in WA.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for supporting statutory water planning in WA. Water use practices, in relation to
this project, is defined as water allocation methodologies used to prepare statutory
water planning.
This project has increased the state of development of new water allocation
methodologies. Tools, and importantly methodologies, to standardise the
determination of ecological water requirements have been and are being developed
as a result of this project.
The department also released a position statement Self supply irrigators forming as
an irrigation service provider to provide guidance to self-supply irrigators who wish
to form as an irrigation service provider (ISP).
Findings from this project lead to the Department developing the strategic policy –
Managing water interception by plantation forestry in Western Australia, Dec 2009,
which provides policy for plantation use.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating water allocation methodologies into statutory water planning standard
practices or processes. Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined
as water allocation methodologies used to prepare statutory water planning.
This project has increased the uptake of water allocation methodologies through
completion of the South West groundwater areas allocation plan (finalised in May
2009) which is anticipated to support the development of future water allocation (or
water sharing) plans. Additionally, the Department of Water are already applying the
water allocation methodologies and decision support tools developed in this project,
and these have greatly assisted the progress of the National Water Commission
funded ‘GDE vulnerability in the Midwest’ project.
It is anticipated that the water use practises developed as part of this project will be
applied by the water industry on future projects, where the results are well
documented and most of the reports are available on the Departments website.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
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The SWGAs project board identified an increase in cost of some milestones,
reflected in the Project Variation June 2008. The WSA agreed that the increased
cost could be funded through any savings from the 4 WSA projects; alternatively the
shortfall will be funded by the DoW. Additionally, due to some delays from
competing priorities, changes in circumstances since the projects were initiated and
381
resourcing issues, the WSA allowed for the key milestone and funding payment to
be pushed back to allow for achievable project timeline.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
While outcomes from this project significantly increased our knowledge in the South
West groundwater areas, there were no any unexpected outcomes as a result of
this project in regards to the achievement of outcomes and objectives.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
Reflection of difficulties experienced during the completion of this project resulted in
two key suggested improvements for future projects. The first would be to use an
existing federal funding model such as the Natural Heritage Trust, as a template to
organise administration and reporting. Using an established administration and
reporting model would help develop realistic expectations for reporting, and to
reduce the impact of changes in project management and staff on the project.
The second key suggestion would be to incorporate flexibility into the project scope
to allow for opportunities for an active learning process as a project evolves, and
adapt to changing circumstances. In particular, because the Western Australian
projects were rapidly conceived in the context of the Western Australian water
reform process, they would have benefitted from a more practical revision after the
first 12 to 18 months.
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Project Title
9.8
Project
Proponent
WA: Statutory Water
Planning in the Pilbara
Date Funding
Agreement signed
21/09/2007
Department of Water
Date Completed
(final/last report)
October
2010
Project Location
Pilbara
State
WA
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$3,029,795
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
TBC
NWI Objective/s
9. Support statutory water planning
Project Summary Description
This project was developed to support the statutory water resource planning required to allow the sustainable
and timely expansion of the resource sector in the Pilbara. The aim of the project was to significantly progress
sustainable development of the Pilbara Region by identifying and removing water supply impediments to
expansion of the mining industry and associated development during the current resources boom and
permitting statutory planning within NWI timelines. This work aimed to support long-term monitoring and
entitlement arrangements to ensure the continued economic growth of the mining sector as well as the
provision of sufficient water to support sustainable local environmental and cultural features.
This project included comprehensive investigation and assessment of water resources and associated
infrastructure in the Pilbara Region. The investigation and assessment components of the project focused on
six key areas (including the West Canning Basin, the lower Fortescue Alluviums, Robe River Alluviums,
Maitland River Alluviums, George River Alluviums and the Turner River Alluviums) where there may be
significant viable water supply for the region. Investigations also examined groundwater and surface water
interactions and relationships to dependent ecosystems. The investigations aimed to determine the water
regimes necessary to maintain ecological and cultural values at a low level of risk within the context of a
variable climate.
The information gained from investigations and assessments completed as part of this project provides the
technical information required to support the development of future water allocation (or water sharing) plans.
The hydrogeological investigations, database collation, monitoring, and numerical models developed as part
of this project provides the baseline information required to support long-term planning for public water
supplies.
Project Objective/s

The ability to develop water sharing plans for the Pilbara with identified water shares for the mining and
resources processing industry;

The completion of investigation and assessment programs to support regional water accounting objectives
and thus ensure the sustainable use of the water resources;

Technical support towards the establishment of a statutory plan in which the rules and processes for
recouping over-allocated systems will be clearly defined;

An improved understanding of water abstraction from region groundwater sources to support future cost
recovery programs which will be promoted through water management and planning objectives;

Significant progress against clause 34 of the NWI referring to the special management requirements to
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383
support the mining sector;

To define the surface water/groundwater interactions of aquifer systems that support local features with
environmental, cultural and social values. The understanding will lead to better management strategies to
protect the valued ecosystems and surface water features which may be impacted by water abstraction;

The improved understanding of dynamic flow systems and the environmental flow requirements which are
subject to climatic variations ranging from monsoon flooding to prolonged periods of drought;

The assessment of cost/supply relationships for potential new supplies that may be developed in support
of coastal centres which directly support the mining industry;

The development of allocation limits of major new sources to foster the sustainable extraction of water in
support of regional development. and the evaluation of currently over allocated systems that may be at
risk by 2014;

Support of a water trading environment through the increased understanding of regional water supply
options utilised by water providers or other significant industries; and

To provide a better understanding of water resources to assess if limitations to trading may exist in the
Pilbara region
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
1. Undertake technical investigation and assessment work of four alluvial aquifer
systems in the Pilbara coastal region.
The original scope included technical investigations at four proposed alluvial aquifer
systems in the Pilbara region: Lower Fortescue, Lower Robe, Maitland and George
River. The detailed review indicated that the Maitland and George alluvial aquifers have
only low potential for significant water use. The department was granted a variation to
investigate the lower Yule and lower De Grey alluvial aquifers instead.
The technical review of the four aquifer systems achieved all stated objectives and
included: desktop study and data collation, configuration of bore network database,
water quality monitoring, water level monitoring (installed data loggers), topographic and
geophysical surveying and construction of numerical models for the four aquifer
systems. The numerical models will assist in determining EWRs, and will be used to set
allocation limits to manage water resources in the region.
The Department has documented these assessments in the final reports and products:

LiDAR metadata statement;

FALCON gravity and magnetic acquisition and processing;

FALCON interpretation of airborne data;

Tempest geophysics acquisition and processing;

Numerical groundwater model for lower Fortescue;
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384

Development of subregional scale numerical groundwater model of the lower Yule
Catchment Lower De Grey groundwater model conceptual hydrogeology and model
design; and

Lower Robe river groundwater model.
2. Undertake drilling investigations and hydrogeological modelling of the Turner
River alluvial aquifer and the Millstream alluvial aquifer on the upper Fortescue
River.
Findings from the detailed review (outcome 1) indicated that the Turner alluvial aquifer is
not viable as a significant future resource; a variation to the scope was granted which
removed the Turner alluvial aquifer from the study. Additional funds were allocated to
complete airborne surveys of the lower De Grey, Yule, Robe and Fortescue aquifers and
to construct groundwater models (outcome 3).
Due to a shortage of drillers and equipment, a variation was granted to use airborne
geophysical surveys as an alternative method of gathering the required data for
upgrading the model for the Millstream aquifer.
All outcomes of the revised scope were successfully achieved at the Millstream Aquifer
including: water level and quality monitoring, topographic and airborne geophysical
surveys, and development of a numerical model.
The Department has documented these assessments in the final report:

Final Millstream model and calibration.
3. Develop a numerical groundwater model of the West Canning Basin based on
the current information available from previous studies.
Most components of this outcome were successfully achieved; however, no information
was provided on the following required tasks: pump testing and downhole geophysical
logging. All other tasks were completed, including: review and collation of existing
hydrogeological information, development bore inventory, water level monitoring,
hydrochemistry and isotopic analysis of groundwater (determine age and predict flow
paths), and configuration of a numerical groundwater model of the West Canning Basin.
Additional tasks completed achieved during this outcome include: airborne geophysical
surveys for the lower De Grey aquifer (additional funding from variation of scope of
activity 2), and production of a bore inventory of monitoring bores.
The Department has documented these assessments in the final report:

Radiocarbon age dating of groundwater;

West Canning Basin model design;

West Canning Basin modelling project; and

Determining the age of groundwater in the recharge zone and north-eastern section
of West Canning Basin.
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385
4. Conduct ecological investigations to confirm the distribution of groundwater
dependent ecosystems and determine the ecological water requirements of
these systems.
All tasks related to this activity were successfully completed, including: mapping and
assessment of GDEs (including macroinvertebrates and aquatic ecosystems) and the
development of specific methodologies to determine EWRs throughout the Pilbara
region.
Information was conveyed in a series of reports, and EWRs thresholds were developed
for representative sites:

Long-term ecological river system

De Grey river values and issues

Fishes in groundwater-dependent pools

Habitat associated with aquatic invertebrates in river pools

Long-term ecological river systems

Millstream status report

Pool mapping metadata

Millstream: Ecological values and issues

Lower Robe: Ecological values and issues

Lower Fortescue: Ecological values and issues

Determining water level ranges of Pilbara riparian species
5. Through consultation with Traditional Owners, an assessment of the values
placed on water dependent features by Aboriginal people will be made.
The department consulted traditional owners, and the broader Indigenous community, to
identify culturally significant water features. These findings will be combined with
hydrogeological investigations and models to set allocation limits that will sustain
identified water features.
The Department has documented these assessments in the reports:

Ethnographic heritage survey

Pilbara – cultural and social water values (Stages 1 to 3)
6. Development of a network of well-monitored reference sites across the Pilbara
to distinguish the impacts of groundwater or surface water abstraction from
those caused by climate variability or climate change.
Department of Water, in collaboration with academic and industry representatives,
developed a network of reference covering areas across Millstream and the Yule alluvial
aquifer. Measurements were taken to identify the impact of climate variability on these
surface and ground water systems and changes to the ecosystems sustained by these
resources.
The Department has documented these assessments in the reports:

Climate management and ecosystem interactions
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386

Environmental reference sites for the Yule River groundwater system
7. Conduct a desktop study that will review all investigated supplies in the
eastern Pilbara area and make recommendations for potential new supply
sources.
All tasks were successfully completed, and the activity was expanded to include both the
East Pilbara and Pilbara coastal aquifers. The studies compiled data from previous
(mining) reports and hydrological investigations (activity 1), where the Pilbara Coastal
Water Study report was widely distributed to the Pilbara community and interested
public.
The Department has documented these assessments in the reports:

Pilbara coast water study

Review of borefields and groundwater exploration reports in the East Pilbara
8. Process the backlog of bore and mining reports from the last 10 years, so that
the digital water bore database is up to date and groundwater management is
based on up to date data.
This project activity was completed as intended, which produced an up-to-date spatially
referenced database of bore data available for decision makers within the department
and importantly also for organisations who are planning to use water.
The department has documented these assessments in the report:

Pilbara groundwater data progress report
9. Fund a consultancy to look at desalination and other options for water supply
for the mining industry to better understand the economic, social and
environmental costs of adoption.
This project was completed as intended; however, it was completed by the Department
of Water, and not a consultancy. The Department produced a series of reports and a
computer model to examine the costs and benefits of existing and potential water supply.
This model tool is currently contributing to the decision making process for the
management of the West Pilbara Water Supply Scheme which supplies the Karratha–
Dampier area.
The Department has documented these assessments in the report:

Integrated water planning tool
10. Investigate the potential to construct a barrage across selected rivers
upstream of the alluvial aquifer system.
Reviews indicated that the construction of a barrage would have significant detrimental
ecological and cultural impacts; therefore, the department cancelled this project activity
and was granted a variation to re-allocate the funds to project activity 3 (see above)
where detailed scoping had identified potential funding shortfalls.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
This project has successfully achieved all project objectives.
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387
The information from the investigation and assessment programs (activities 1 – 9)
provides technical information to support the development of future water allocation (or
water sharing) plans (Objective 1) and to define help prevent over-allocation (Objective
3). The information gathered will also help the department to meet the water accounting
objective (Objective 2) that measurement, monitoring and reporting systems are in place
to ensure that water resources are managed sustainably. The work completed through
this program to make progress on mining water reform (Objective 5), and through the
Pilbara water allocation planning process the department has completed and published
the Pilbara water in mining guideline. An infrastructure supply tool was developed
(activity 9) to provide the department (Objective 8) with the ability to assess the feasibility
of alternative supply options, including desalination and groundwater sources.
Completion of the project activities has improved the understanding of groundwater
abstraction and its effects on the regional groundwater resources (Objective 4). An
important part of some of these activities was identifying which effects were due to
abstraction and which were due to the highly variable climate in the Pilbara region.
Information from the hydrogeological investigations of the alluvial aquifers (project
activities 1 and 2) has increased our understanding of the interaction between surface
and groundwater by characterising the hydrological regimes (Objective 6), mechanisms
of recharge and discharge of aquifers, and quantifying water fluxes (Objective 7). This
allowed ecological water requirements to be defined (activity 4) throughout the Pilbara.
In parallel with the hydrogeological investigations, activities were undertaken to
understand the ecological, cultural and social values of groundwater-dependent features
and the water requirements of these systems (project activities 4 and 5). Completion of
the activities has contributed to our understanding of current and potential water
sources, and current and future water demand (Objective 9).
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 9. Support statutory water planning
The information gained from investigations and assessments completed as part of this
project provides the technical information required to support the development of future
water allocation (or water sharing) plans. The hydrogeological investigations, database
collation, monitoring, and numerical models developed as part of this project provides
the baseline information required to support long-term planning for public water supplies.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best technology
for supporting statutory water planning in WA.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating water allocation methodologies into statutory water planning standard
practices or processes.
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There is no evidence given that this project has advanced the state of development
of technology for supporting statutory water planning in WA.
There is no evidence given that this project has increased the uptake of technology
388
for supporting statutory water planning in WA.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for supporting statutory water planning in WA. Water use practices, in relation to
this project, is defined as water allocation methodologies used to prepare statutory
water planning.
This project has contributed to the state of development of techniques for
supporting statutory water planning in WA, including progress in the mining water
reform through the publication of the Pilbara water in mining guideline, which clearly
sets out how to meet regulatory requirements for mining projects - both in approvals
and ongoing operations. By improving the information available on regulatory
processes, this will consolidate good practices in mine water management
throughout the Pilbara mining industry. While these guidelines are directly
applicable to the Pilbara mining region, the principles outlined can be adapted to
develop similar guidelines for other mining regions throughout Australia.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating water allocation methodologies into statutory water planning standard
practices or processes. Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined
as water allocation methodologies used to prepare statutory water planning.
It is anticipated that this project will increased the uptake of water allocation
methodologies through development of the Pilbara water in mining guidelines,
which will support the Pilbara water allocation planning process. Additionally, the
infrastructure supply tool developed as part of this project is currently contributing to
the decision making process for the management of the West Pilbara Water Supply
Scheme which supplies the Karratha–Dampier area.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
The scope of various sub-projects was changed following review of initial findings,
as well as availability of resources (drillers and drilling equipment). The WSA was
very supportive to the department, and granted all proposed variations to the project
scope, which provided the opportunity for deeper research into various aspects of
the project.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
The department developed the Pilbara water in mining guidelines, a specific policy
for managing mining abstraction and water use. This policy addresses dewatering
at the spatial and temporal scale appropriate to the life of the mine, to allow the
recovery of the watertable when the mine closes.
Activity 7 was expanded to include the development of the Pilbara Coastal Water
study. The department registered a large demand for distribution of this report to the
wider Pilbara community and interested general public, and it was regarded as a
major achievement.
The study highlighted the unique nature of the fishes of the Pilbara: of the ten
described freshwater fish, three are endemic to the region and a further two
previously undescribed species were discovered.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
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The project was successfully implemented, with only a few unavoidable and
practical variations to the original scope. The nature of the outputs indicates that
389
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
this project was well administrated, with good project management. However, no
information was provided on specific lessons learned in the project, and how the
positive management practises implemented in this project could be applied to
similar projects in the future.
For projects of this significance, it is recommended that all lessons learned (both
positive and negative) be well documented. This will allow for the key learning’s to
be disseminated, and used to guide future projects of similar nature.
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390
Project Title
9.9
Project
Proponent
WA: Support for a
Statutory Water Plan
for the Gnangara
Mound
Date Funding
Agreement signed
21/09/2007
Department of Water
Date Completed
(final/last report)
October 2010
Project Location
Perth
State
WA
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$5,016,560
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
TBC
NWI Objective/s
9. Support statutory water planning
Project Summary Description
The project was developed to support the delivery of a statutory water management plan for the Gnangara Mound.
It involved detailed investigations and assessment of the groundwater system which has improved the
understanding of the available water in the Gnangara groundwater system and has led to a higher level of
understanding of how the total system works and how it responds to stresses. This knowledge will ultimately lead
to more sustainable water use, enhanced environmental outcomes and the protection of key public water supplies.
The aim of the project was to inform statutory water planning that will promote the sustainable use of the
groundwater resources of the Gnangara Mound and ensure continued economic development while also
protecting important groundwater dependent social/cultural and environmental values. The information gained from
investigations and assessments completed as part of this project provides the technical information required to
support the development of future water allocation (or water sharing) plans.
Project Objective/s
To develop policy that will guide the management of groundwater allocation including recovery of overallocated
groundwater areas to sustainable levels;

Provide updated information that will assist in determining available water for a potential consumptive pool;

Assist in improved water accounting through understanding unlicensed use;

To determine and quantify the interactions between shallow water and groundwater on the Gnangara Mound;

To develop policy that guides the allocation of water through market based mechanisms;

Improve the capacity to monitor, evaluate and report on water resources at the national, regional and
catchment level;

To develop information that will support the development of a statutory water plan for the Groundwater Areas of
the Gnangara Mound;

To better understand potential future changes to water availability due to climate variability.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
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391
Unknown/ Insufficient info
Activity 1. Groundwater investigation and assessment on the Gnangara Mound
1.1. Integrated hydrogeological investigation of shallow and deep
groundwater systems applying advanced drilling methods, high resolution
sampling and Geographical Information System (GIS) mapping.
This activity was successfully completed, where the department completed a drilling
program which establishment of a monitoring network in the superficial and confined
aquifers. Sampling programs were conducted, and all groundwater and chemistry
data was uploaded onto the Water Information systems (WIN) database (spatially
referenced so compatible with GIS). The department has documented assessments
in a series of bore completion reports (HR266, HR276, HR277, and HR281) and
sampling metadata statements (SGS Stage 1 Bore Analysis and SGS Stage 1 Bore
Analysis)
1.2. Quantification of groundwater-shallow water interactions applying results
of real time monitoring, high resolution stratigraphic modelling and
geophysical surveys.
This activity was successfully completed, where twenty wetlands were
hydrogeologically characterised from the interpretation of high resolution water level,
and chemical and ecological data collected from an upgraded and expanded
monitoring network. This information helps to develop the groundwater requirements
of wetlands, and to quantify the groundwater-shallow water interactions. The
department has documented assessments in the report: ‘Perth shallow groundwater
system investigation, HG36’, as well as the bore completion report (HR276) and
sampling metadata statements (SGS Stage 2 Bore Analysis).
1.3. Groundwater recharge study using CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) and mass
balance techniques.
There was no evidence in the project reporting of completion (or exclusion from the
scope in the form of a variation) of a groundwater recharge study using CFC and
mass balance techniques. Further information regarding this task was requested from
the proponent, but not able to be provided in the review time-frame.
1.4. Quantification of acid sulphate soil products using geochemical
modelling.
There was no evidence in the project reporting of quantification of acid sulphate soil
produces using geotechnical modelling being completed, or being excluded from the
scope. Further information regarding this task was requested from the proponent, but
not able to be provided in the review time-frame.
1.5. Reconstruction of palaeohydrology and past climate variability using
multi-variate statistical models.
This activity was partially completed, as there was no information provided on the use
of multi-variate statistical models to reconstruct past climate variability. However,
palaeoenvironmental analysis was conducted of 7 lakebed cores extracted from 3
wetland sites as part of the shallow groundwater investigations and assessment. The
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department has documented assessments the bore completion report (HR276) and
sampling metadata statements (SGS Stage 2 Bore Analysis).
1.6. Deep groundwater availability assessment involving the installation of new
monitoring bores, as well as the integration of modern geophysical techniques
and petroleum reservoir simulations.
This task was successfully completed, where the department installed new monitoring
wells in the confined aquifer to expand the bore network. The department conducted
seismic and radar surface geophysics surveys, core drilling and analysis, logging,
groundwater chemistry analysis, and developed a 3D geological modelling using
PETREL. The department also used information gained to feed into the local aquifer
models, and upgrade the PRAMS database and calibration.
The department has documented these assessments in the final reports:

Conceptual geology of the North Gnangara Mound’;

North Gnangara Core Drilling and Core Analysis Completion Report;

Acquisition and Processing Report: Seismic Reflection and Ground Penetrating
Radar Transects Across the Northern Gnangara Mound; Perth Basin; Western
Australia;

Calibration of the Coupled Perth Regional Aquifer Model – PRAMS 3.2;

PRAMS scenario modelling for the Gnangara Sustainability Strategy (HR282);and

SKM local area model reports.
2. Multi-criteria analysis methodology (MCA ) for Environmental Water
Provision (EWP) and sustainable yield determination
2.1. Support the development of environmental water provisions (EWPs) which
is a crucial step in the establishment of robust sustainable groundwater yields.
The multi-criteria analysis investigation was conducted by a post-doctoral research
program. This task was successfully completed, where the ecological character of
eco-hydrological states were defined and described, along with the factors most likely
to cause transition between eco-hydrological states on the Gnangara mound. A
spatial and temporal map of eco-hydrological states across the Gnangara
groundwater system was developed.
The department has documented these assessments in the reports:

Gnangara Mound eco-hydrological study;

Map of hydroecological communities on the mound and explanatory notes; and

Gnangara Mound Ecological Study (Sommer, B & Froend A,).
2.2. Generate alternative solutions and provide valuable trade-off information
among the management objectives involved in conflict resolution in a clear and
unambiguous way so that they are understandable and acceptable to all
stakeholders involved
This task was successfully completed, where the framework developed by the postdoctoral project can be used by water managers to test management scenarios to
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determine which option/s can best meet the water requirements of the different ecohydrological states. The impacts of each management option can then be presented
through stakeholder consultation in the form of a multi-criteria decision making
process to choose the most acceptable scenario for the groundwater dependent
ecology of the Gnangara system.
2.3. Aid in the rigorous selection of the most preferred groundwater allocation
scenario to meet the management objectives of the Gnangara Mound and to
inform the statutory water management plan when several social,
environmental and economic criteria apply simultaneously
The risk assessment framework and stakeholder criteria assessment process
developed in this project provides the tools to aid in determining the optimal allocation
scenario for the eco-hydrological states on the mound and for the social, cultural and
economic objectives which have been established in previous studies. However, no
information is available to verify whether these tools were successfully used in the
groundwater allocation planning, and further information regarding this task has been
requested from the proponent.
2.4. Support the implementation of formal water allocation arrangements and
the establishment of clear water access entitlements
The risk assessment framework and criteria assessment process developed in this
project provides the tools to support the implementation of formal water allocation
arrangements. It is proposed that the most acceptable scenario will be used to
determine the environmental water condition objectives to be set in the forthcoming
allocation plan, and the formal allocation arrangement for each particular area to
meet these environmental water condition objectives. However, no information is
available to conclude whether these tools were successfully used in the groundwater
allocation planning, and further information regarding this task has been requested
from the proponent.
2.5. Aid the development of a statutory water management plan that integrates
ecological, cultural, social and economic objectives
The results from the risk assessment framework and multi-criteria assessment
process developed in this project provide the tools to inform the development of
statutory water management plan that integrates ecological, cultural, social and
economic objectives. However, no information is available to conclude whether these
tools were successfully used in the groundwater allocation planning, and further
information regarding this task has been requested from the proponent.
3. Measuring unlicensed water use for sustainable groundwater management
3.1. Undertake a comprehensive garden bore survey to provide information
on the number of bores per suburb, covering the whole metropolitan area. The
project will target one percent of all households in the Perth region, through
conducting 5600 interviews/surveys;
This activity was successfully completed, where the phone survey conducted,
“Incidence of Bores in the Perth Metropolitan Region” updated the previous
comprehensive survey in 1995. The recent findings include an increase in estimated
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number of bores to 176 000.
3.2. Collate and analyse information on unlicensed bore use – collected from
a variety of sources including the Department of Water, CSIRO, Water
Corporation, Australian Bureau of Statistics and local government authorities.
This activity was successfully completed, where a Literature review of existing data
undertaken from a variety of sources including Department of Water, Water
Corporation and local government agencies.
3.3. Install approximately 50 flow meters on private garden bores prior to
summer 2007-08 followed by a 12 month monitoring period. Selected meters
will be read on a weekly basis during the hottest months of the year to
establish trends in water use and then on a monthly basis during the cooler
months.
This activity was successfully completed, where 45 meters were installed and
monitored.
3.4. Undertake a metering trial will include the installation of about 10
lysimeters on selected properties where the garden bores are metered to
measure the evapotranspiration and water return to the shallow aquifer, to
account for these factors in the determination of bore use.
This activity was successfully completed, where 10 lysimeters were installed and
monitored.
3.5. Recalibration of the Perth Regional Aquifer Modelling System (PRAMS)
model to reassess the water balance on the basis of more accurate data
This activity was successfully completed, where the findings from this study were
used to re-calibrate the PRAMS model.
3.6. Use the information gained from the survey and modelling to inform the
environmental water provision process and help determine an accurate and
robust sustainable yield for the superficial aquifer
This study provided adequate information to help inform the environmental water
provision process help determine an accurate and robust sustainable yield for the
superficial aquifer.
4. Development of Pathways for the Management of an Over Allocated System
in a Drying Climate
4.1. On-ground research to confirm the impact of over-allocation/over use on
social and environmental values.
This outcome was partially completed, where over allocation and/or over use was
clearly defined, and a report was prepared on management options; however, further
information is required to determine if the impact of over-allocation/over use on social
and environmental values was investigated, and this information has been requested
from the proponent.
The department has documented these assessments in the reports:
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
WO21358;

SKM report on management options; and

DOW internal policy 2.01.
4.2. Development of pathways to return over-allocated systems to sustainable levels
This task was undertaken using an alternative funding avenue; therefore, no product
was submitted to the department as part of this project. Hence, it is not clear whether
it was completed. The study was conducted using non-WSA funds which
investigated various management options to reduce use and recover over-allocated
resources to sustainable levels under contemporary legislation. Additional information
was requested from the proponent on this component, but was not available in the
time frame of this review.
Unknown/ Insufficient info
5. Alternatives to First-in First-served (FIFS) Water allocation
5.1. Assess the various water allocation methods such as merit selection,
tenders, ballots and auctions for their applicability and acceptability on the
Gnangara Mound.
This outcome was successfully completed, where the department assessed water
allocation methods by conducting a literature review on alternatives to the first-in firstserved selection method. The department also prepared a report which collated
information on both market and non-market mechanisms for releasing water, which
includes the department‘s position on appropriate methods under existing and future
legislation, with a specific focus on developing a price for the direct sale of water.
The department has documented these assessments in the reports:

Evaluation of mechanisms for releasing unallocated water in Western
Australia Part A: Selection of market instruments; and

Evaluation of mechanisms for releasing unallocated water in Western
Australia Part B: Pricing of unallocated water resources
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
This project has successfully achieved all project objectives.
This project has improved understanding of the available water in the Gnangara
groundwater system which improves both the accuracy of water accounting
(Objective 3) and supports the movement towards the allocation of water through
market based mechanisms (Objective 5). Improved hydrogeological knowledge of the
groundwater system (activity 1) has significantly increased ability to quantify the
surface water – groundwater interactions on the Gnangara Mound (Objective 4).
Improved understanding of the current level of use, especially unlicensed abstraction
(activity 3) has improved the accuracy of water accounting (Objective 3) and
numerical groundwater models to work as predictive tools. The upgrade and
expansion of the groundwater monitoring bore network as a result of this project
(activity 1), has improved the capacity to monitor the impact of declining groundwater
levels on environmental values (Objective 6) and better understand potential future
changes to water availability due to climate variability (Objective 8). The department
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is using the Gnangara groundwater systems as a pilot to produce a water account of
a major groundwater system, consistent with national guidelines being developed.
This project has clearly defined what an over-allocated system is and also what overuse means for a groundwater system (activity 4), which is the first step in developing
policy for the Gnangara groundwater area to allow the recovery of over-allocated
systems (Objective 5). This project also evaluated all potential market and nonmarket mechanisms available for recovering an over-allocated system in Western
Australia (activity 3) and outcomes will provide a clearer structure for allocation
planners to select the most suitable recovery mechanisms through future allocation
plans, including the next Gnangara plan (Objective 7).
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
9. Support statutory water planning
The information gained from investigations and assessments completed as part of
this project provides the technical information required to support the development of
future water allocation (or water sharing) plans. The hydrogeological investigations,
database collation and update, expansion of the monitoring network, numerical
models developed and re-calibration of PRAMS, and multi-criteria analysis
methodology developed as part of this project provide the baseline information
required to support long-term planning for public water supplies.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased or
advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies in
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best technology for
supporting statutory water planning in WA.
Has the project increased or
advanced the uptake of
technology/ technologies in
water use in the water
industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
water allocation methodologies into statutory water planning standard practices or
processes.
There is no evidence that this project has advanced the state of development of
technology for supporting statutory water planning in WA.
There is no evidence that this project has increased the uptake of technology for
supporting statutory water planning in WA.
Has the project increased or
advanced the state of
development of practices
in relation to water use in the
water industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques for
applying [best techniques for supporting statutory water planning in WA. Water use
practices, in relation to this project, is defined as water allocation methodologies
used to prepare statutory water planning.
This project has increased the state of development of new water allocation
methodologies through the evaluation all potential market and non-market
mechanisms available for recovering an over-allocated system in Western Australia,
where outcomes will provide a clearer structure for allocation planners to select the
most suitable recovery mechanisms through future allocation plans. This information
is made available to the water industry through the following reports:
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
Evaluation of mechanisms for releasing unallocated water in Western Australia
Part A: Selection of market instruments; and

Evaluation of mechanisms for releasing unallocated water in Western Australia
Part B: Pricing of unallocated water resources
Additionally, research conducted into the development of decision-support tools and
multi-criteria analysis can be used in future statutory water planning.
Has the project increased or
advanced the uptake of
practices in water use in the
water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
water allocation methodologies into statutory water planning standard practices or
processes. Water use practices, in relation to this project, is defined as water
allocation methodologies used to prepare statutory water planning.
It is intended that the water use practises developed in this project will be used in the
development of the Gnangara Allocation Plan, and be used to support future water
allocation plans. However, further information is required to confirm this.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to project
proponents to adapt to
changing circumstances?
There were no changing circumstances or variations in the scope of this project.
Were there any unexpected
outcomes resulting from the
project, technically,
institutionally, or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
The location of a ‘window’ of direct connection between the Superficial and
Yarragadee aquifers in the Northern part of the Gnangara mound was resolved.
Combined with the results of the drilling program which indicated groundwater
dependent ecosystems in this area are supported by a perched water table, this has
improved calibration of the PRAMS model in this area. This provides the opportunity
to explore increasing abstraction from the confined aquifer to supply Perth future
drinking water demand, without affecting important groundwater-dependent
ecosystems.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project in
regard to implementation of
the project itself or the
administration of the project
by the Department
The project was successfully implemented, with the majority of proposed outcomes
fully met and no variations to the original scope. The nature of the outputs indicates
that this project was well administrated, with good project management. However, no
information was provided on specific lessons learned in the project, and how the
positive management practises implemented in this project could be applied to similar
projects in the future.
In future projects, the scope should be well-defined and avoid using wording where
the outcomes cannot be easily measured, such as ‘Aid in the rigorous selection’, or
‘Support the implementation of formal water allocation arrangements’. The use of this
language in the scope of this project has made it difficult to assess whether these
objectives have been satisfactorily achieved.
For projects of this significance, it is recommended that all lessons learned (both
positive and negative) be well documented. This will allow for the key learning’s to be
disseminated, and used to guide future projects of similar nature.
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10 NWI Objective 10: Supported
water markets and trading
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Project Title
10.1
Project
Proponent
NSW: Hunter, Gosford
Wyong Regional Water
Sharing Project
Date Funding
Agreement signed
30 June
2006
Wyong Shire Council
Date Completed
(final/last report)
Nov 2007
Project Location
Mardi Dam and surrounds, near Wyong,
NSW
State
NSW
Australian
Government
Contribution
$6,610,000
Total Project Cost
$35,074,631
NWI Objective/s
10. Support water markets and trading
Project Summary Description
The project was for the constructions of a 30 km pipe between the Hunter Water and the Wyong/Gosford
water supply system between Wangi and Kiar Ridge, and new water pumping stations at Morisset and Fennel
Bay. The pipeline aimed to enhance the performance of the neighbouring water supply authorities by creating
water trading and banking opportunities. The pipeline was designed to transfer 7,300 ML/a south and
10,950 ML/a north. It aimed to be able to supply up to 35% of the Central Coast’s daily water usage and to be
important for providing drought relief to the region. It provided benefits of increased resilience and security to
the two water supply systems via water trading and water banking mechanisms.
Project Objective/s

Overcome institutional barriers and demonstrate the projects benefits of cooperative arrangements and
inter-regional water trading to the broader water industry;

Enhance the performance of the two neighbouring and complementary urban water supply systems by
utilising the natural and infrastructure assets of the individual regions;

Improve the water supply security and reliability for the Hunter and Gosford-Wyong water supply systems;

Improve the ability to introduce Water Sharing Plans for Wyong River, Mooney Mooney Creek and
Mangrove Creek by offsetting some of the lost yield and security which will result from their
implementation;

Increase overall system yield for both water supply systems by more than the combined additional yield of
3,000 ML/a;

Provide the infrastructure to link the metropolitan water supply systems of the Hunter and Gosford /Wyong
to enable water transfer between the systems that has a capacity of 7,300 ML/a south and 10,950 ML/a
north;

Develop a model of inter-regional water trading and water banking arrangements which can be translated
to other regional water supply utilities;

Develop pricing incentives for both operators to optimise the performance of the systems and can be
translated to other regional water utilities; and

Advance the National Water Initiative objectives of facilitating water trading and securing reliable urban
water supplies.
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List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Develop water sharing/trading arrangements to enhance the performance of the
two systems:
The arrangements were developed and then agreed to in March 2006 (further variations
were subsequently agreed to). The water sharing and trading arrangements allowed for
the Central Coast councils to obtain the necessary drought relief water from the Hunter
Region they required soon after the completion of construction of the pipeline. The
arrangements also allow off-peak transfers throughout the year to the Central Coast to
increase security of supply. There is also the capacity to transfer surplus reservoir inflows
from the Central Coast to the Hunter system and ‘bank’ that water for future use by either
jurisdiction. Water can also be transferred from the Central Coast back to the Hunter
Region under certain conditions, which happened when infrastructure failures in another
part of the Hunter system meant that it could continue supply utilising the Central Coast
transfer supply. These arrangements do appear to enhance the flexibility and resilience
of the two systems.
Establish a water pricing model that provides incentives to optimise water sharing
and trading via water trading and water banking:
The water pricing model was developed and then agreed to in March 2006 (further
variations were subsequently agreed to). This involved agreeing to cost structures of the
capital component of the project between the two councils and Hunter Water, and the
usage charges in coordination with the NSW Independent Pricing and Regulatory
Tribunal (IPART). Details of the water pricing model have not been provided for full
review, however a description of the decision process indicates that some key factors for
optimising the system were taken into account.
The price is now set by IPART and is substantially higher than at the time of
commencement. It has been identified that the high price indicates that water trading is
intended for short-term drought situations and not for on-going, optimised water
management between the systems. The high price is seen as a disincentive to use the
trading mechanism for potentially more optimal arrangements. The ‘emergency’ or
‘drought situation’ framework that the pricing and trading arrangements appear to be
developed on may limit the ability of the parties to optimise water sharing and trading.
Establish water account mechanisms to support the water pricing model;
The project established a water ‘banking’ or account mechanism to manage and allocate
the transfer and storage of surplus water from one jurisdiction to another. The project
documents do not describe in detail how this mechanism operates; however, it appears
to increases the flexibility of the system to accommodate the trading of water between
the two jurisdictions when storage levels and climate conditions allow.
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Design and construction of the necessary infrastructure between Wangi and Kiar
Ridge to transport potable water between the two systems. The elements include:
23.3 km of trunk main and construction of Morisset and Fennel Bay Water Pumping
Stations;
Construction of the pipeline and pumping stations commenced in May 2006 and was
completed and opened in December 2006. This outcome has been achieved.
Commissioning of the link;
The link was completed and commissioned in late 2006 with operation commencing in
early 2007. The outcome has been achieved.
Development of a strategy to promote the project’s benefits to the water industry
that is agreed to by the National Water Commission;
A strategy to promote the project’s benefits to the water industry was provided to the
NWC with the final report in November 2007. This strategy identifies and prioritises key
industry associations and groups to engage through functions, conferences,
presentations and other fora. This outcome has been achieved.
Implementation of the communication strategy to demonstrate the benefits of
inter-regional co-operation and integration in urban water supply management;
A completed communications strategy was provided with the final report in November
2007. This strategy identified some activities that had already taken place throughout the
project (including announcements, websites, fact sheets, newspaper articles and other
media activity). There are also activities to continue on into the future, such as
presentations at major conferences and to significant organisations. It is unclear to what
extent these activities continued after this point, however, if the communications strategy
has been implemented as described it would contribute to achieving this outcome.
[Additional outcome] Design and construction of Mardi to Kiar Ridge pipeline to
supply the northern areas from Mardi Dam.
At the time of the final report in November 2007 Wyong Council was preparing detailed
designs for this component. This component of the project was fully funded by the
proponent and appears to have been included in the funding agreement for fullness of
reporting on related projects. It is understood that this component is not yet complete.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The implementation of the project was consistent with the project objectives and based
on the achievement, or partial achievement, of all of the project outcomes, the project
objectives were largely met. The area where the project could have improved is in
relation to the development and implementation of the market mechanisms and pricing to
encourage ongoing optimising of the overall system, rather than just in drought or other
rare occasions (e.g. maintenance). The influence of IPART of course plays a part in
these arrangements and is not in the control of the parties. It is understood that there is
some consideration to move toward integrating the link into longer term water planning of
both jurisdictions, which could lead to more optimal outcomes in the future,
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To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 10. Support water markets and trading
The project created the physical infrastructure and explored institutional arrangements to
allow water transfer and trading between two large regional water utilities and in this way
is consistent with the above NWI objective. The use of capacity sharing and trading in
connected water supply grids connecting urban water utilities is a relatively new
development , and this project will be of considerable benefit to other water providers in
exploring opportunities to improve the overall security and resilience of shared systems.
A key ongoing challenge for the Water Smart Program in leveraging this knowledge to
maximise the impacts for the water sector is the extent to which the results are fully
documented and disseminated to other utilities.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying bulk water piping and pumping transfer systems and construction
techniques at the time of construction, 2006.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of
technology/
technologies in water
use in the water
industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating the best bulk water piping and pumping transfer technologies
into standard practices or processes.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of development
of practices in relation
to water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best
techniques for applying water sharing/trading arrangements.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of practices
in water use in the water
industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and
incorporating water sharing/trading arrangements into other areas of the
water industry.
This project utilised high-standard pump and pipe technologies, but did not advance
or develop any new or leading edge technologies for this project. Therefore is not
considered to have advanced the state of technology in this area.
The project used high-standard technologies for the pump and piping components;
there is limited information available to determine whether these are the ‘best’
technologies in the water industry.
The project developed a comprehensive water sharing and trading framework over
a number of years of negotiation between the parties. This type of arrangement,
while not entirely new, was innovative for NSW and Australia generally.
The parties developed reference material and a communications strategy to
disseminate and encourage uptake of the approach taken to the wider water
industry. While it is not clear whether this had a direct impact on any specific
jurisdiction currently, the resources are seen as valuable tools for any similar
venture into the future. It would be useful to track the benefits that are derived from
these arrangements in the future and to document some of the detailed learnings
which may only become apparent in the future during periods of drought etc.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
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There were no variations, delays or obvious changing circumstances related to this
403
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
project. This question is not applicable.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the
project, technically,
institutionally, or in
regard to achievement
of the
outcomes/objectives?
Technically – it is important to understand how different water supply systems
interact in terms of water quality prior to interlinking. There can be major problems
for management of storages and for water treatment. Developing performance
characteristics and undertaking water quality modelling was unexpectedly important
for assisting decision making.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
Developing and creating a project in emergency drought times puts undue pressure
on the people involved and is not conducive to good management of a complex
process, such as augmenting water supplies. It may often be better to build
robustness into long-term water planning systematically to avoid the need for a
critical, emergency-type, reactive approach.
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Institutionally – having aligned objectives from the start of the project helped to
facilitate direction and decisions in achieving outcomes on both sides.
The toolkit that was developed for capacity building for water sharing projects could
have been documented in more detail. It appears to fall short of being a useful
planning tool for other utilities planning a similar scheme. It provides very high-level,
conceptual guidance, where it could have created perhaps even a draft agreement
type of approach with check-list of items and specific examples of the approach
taken by Hunter, Wyong-Gosford.
404
Project Title
10.2
Project
Proponent
SA: Environmental
Water Trading System
Date Funding
Agreement signed
21/08/2006
Waterfind Environment Fund
Inc
Date Completed
(final/last report)
December
2008
Project Location
SA – Web based
State
SA
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$705,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$751,857
NWI Objective/s

10: Support water markets and trading
Project Summary Description:
The project aimed to facilitate the transfer of water allocations (water entitlements) and water donations
(financial contributions) from donors to approved environmental projects in the South Australian Murray
Darling Basin through a web based platform. The fund established for collection of water entitlements through
a range of mechanisms was called the Waterfind Environment Fund (WEF). The target of 6,100 ML donations
for environmental water was not met due to the ongoing drought and other influences, such as the Australian
Government entering the water market. Based on the final report issued the total volume of committed water
available for allocation to environmental flows was only 7.1 ML, less than 0.15% of the initial objective.
Project Objective/s
a. Divert water allocations to environmental projects for the rehabilitation and preservation of water
dependent ecosystems of the SA Murray Darling Basin.
b. Promote awareness of the importance of rehabilitating and protecting water dependent ecosystems of the
SA Murray Darling Basin.
c.
Enable underutilised water allocations to be directed to high priority environmental projects in the SA
Murray Darling Basin, with a target to facilitate the donation of 2,100 ML in the first year and an expected
increase in subsequent years. In year 2, the project will target to facilitate the donation of 4,000 ML
(within SA).
d. Provide a cost effective and flexible method of recovery of water to achieve environmental outcomes
through the provision of donated water entitlements.
e. Provide for real-time on-line donation through a web based platform with effective monitoring, reporting
and accounting for environmental water use.
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
Summary
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In general, the activities relating to organisation and setting up a platform for water
trading were accomplished. However, the direction of water donations of 6,100 ML to
the RMEM for allocation to accredited watering projects (due on 30 June 2008 as per
milestone 6) was not achieved.
a. Provide WSA with a strategy that includes estimates of donations and a
timetable with measurable performance goals for: (1) water donations and
(2) financial donations for environmental projects in the Murray Darling
Basin
Completed
b. Demonstrate that arrangements have been made between WEF and the
River Murray Environmental Manager for transactions of donated water
between WEF and the River Murray Environmental Manager (RMEM). The
agreement must detail the arrangements regarding the process to be
undertaken, and management of risks which may arise in the process of
donating water between WEF and the RMEM such as refusal by the RMEM
to accept donated water allocations.
Completed
c. Facilitate transfers of water allocations to the RMEM, to projects
accredited to the RMEM.
Completed
d. Develop WEF project criteria to meet functional water delivery and
transaction requirements and objectives of the WEF constitution. Such
criteria must be approved by the WEF Committee.
Completed
e. Build the environmental trading system, including web based platform
and a water trading agreement template for the water donor and recipient.
Completed
f.
Employ a chief executive officer to oversee the development of the
trading platform and fund operation, develop donors, encourage uptake
from all private and Government stakeholders, and facilitate promotional
opportunities from donors and project supporters.
Completed
g. Market and promote donations to environmental projects to irrigator and
other potential donors in SA.
Completed
h. Process transactions for transfers and the purchase of water for
environmental watering projects.
Not achieved to the extent originally anticipated, with only 0.15% of the original water
entitlement objectives obtained.
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406
i.
Direct water donations to the RMEM for allocation to accredited watering
projects.
The specific activity of water transfer for environmental purposes to RMEM was not
achieved to the extent anticipated, although some small volume transfers to the RMEM
did occur or were planned during the project, including:

4.16 ML of water transferred to the Little Duck Lagoon that forms part of the Gurra
Gurra Wetland complex near Berri, SA. This site was chose due it being the habitat
of the endangered Southern Bell Frog, signs of stress in the Redgums on the
wetland fringe and the risk of the development of acid sulphate soils if the lagoon
was to dry out.

3 ML of water was intended to be transferred to RMEM for a small creek on
Hindmarsh Island that is an important habitat for the Murray hardyhead.
j.
Communication with members and other stakeholders, including:
1. Regular progress reports to the WEF committee
2. Progress reports as required by this deed.
3. Annual AGM and six meeting of the WEF committee per year
4. Marketing and promotion activities in accordance with WEF devised
strategy for sourcing water and financial donations.
Completed
k. Implementation of institutional arrangements under the Waterfind
Environment Fund Constitution as detailed in the Constitution, such as
Annual General Meetings, Committee meetings, etc.
Completed
l.
Assist the RMEM to identify potential areas for future environmental
watering projects in SA.
Completed
m. Participate in project evaluation which will be conducted by a third party at the
completion of the project and commissioned by WSA.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
The target of 6,100 ML donations (objective c) for environmental water was not met
due to the ongoing drought and other influences, such as the Australian Government
entering the water market. Based on the final report issued the total volume of
committed water available for allocation to environmental flows was only 7.1 ML, less
than 0.15% of the initial objective. Clearly the project did not achieve value for money
in terms of water returned to the environment as the $800k could have directly
purchased around 400 ML on the open market.

Due to the failure to secure significant entitlements, the project provided only very
minimal environmental improvement through watering of ecosystems (objective a).
However, the project was consistent to some extent with objectives band e as stated
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407
initially. A web-based platform was developed to allocate water based on
environmental considerations that:

offered a mechanism for water to be allocated for ecosystem support/recovery; and

generally promoted awareness of the SA Murray Darling basin.
There are details of the public awareness measures provided throughout the project,
the environmental achievements of the project (in particular with regards to fisheries)
and an outline of the web based structure.
In addition, attempts are made in the final report to demonstrate cost effectiveness and
flexibility for water markets and trading (objective d) with theoretical projections of water
pricing under the project assumption of 6,100 ML of trading. However, given that the
achieved trading was only a fraction of this, consistency with this objective is not
supported by data.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?

NWI Objectives: 10: Support water markets and trading
The project was designed to provide a platform for water trading development in SA
and has therefore been consistent with this NWI objective. However, although the
platform has been provided for trading the extent to which this has generated trading
has not met objectives.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
The project increased the state of development of technologies for use in the water
industry through development and launching of a web based water trading system.
WEF was the first not -for- profit organisation to have a web based environmental
water donation/management system.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of
technology/ technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
There is no real evidence provided in documentation of the increase or advancement
in uptake of technologies, although the mechanisms were put in place for this to
occur.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
The Waterfind Environment Fund (WEF) received the first environmental water
holding licence in South Australia. This increased the state of development of
allocating water entitlements for environmental objectives in Australia.
WEF supported the development of a major drought initiative “the Native Fish
Drought Action Plan”. WEF also developed its own project “The Native Fish
Recovery Project” – as part of this project WEF obtained a corporate grant to
establish a native fish breeding and environmental education facility.
Both these initiatives have increased the state of development of practices for
protection of native fish stocks.
Has the project
increased or advanced
the uptake of practices
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There is no evidence to indicate that WEF achieved its initial objective of increased
uptake of water trading.
408
in water use in the water
industry?
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
WSA provided flexibility in terms of modification of the business model and milestone
targets following the realisation that the initial objectives of the project were not
achievable in the current water and financial markets. Milestone and project activity
variations were provided during the project to ensure that the funds provided were
directed toward positive outcomes.
Variations required agreement between WEF, RMEM and WSA. These included:

Allowance for donations to be made from outside SA.

Shifting the target of a 2.1 GL allocation in 2006-07 to marketing and
development activities to promote water donations.
Documentation is available that evidences the initial drive from WSA to achieve the
initial targets, with a shift to new targets upon the realisation that the initial volumes
expected to be acquired for allocation would not be realised.
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the
project, technically,
institutionally, or in
regard to achievement of
the
outcomes/objectives?
The project failed to deliver on its initial objectives of increased water trading and
consequently pursued side-projects, most notably the Native Fish Recovery Project.
The initiation of this project was unexpected at the outset. However, it presents
more as a compensation for not achieving initial outcomes, rather than as an
advantageous spin-off.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
It is apparent in documentation that the key issues affecting project delivery were the
failure to account for the external factors that impacted the viability of the initial
business plan. The key factors that affected the capacity to deliver on project
objectives were as follows:

Prolonged drought and record low inflows into the Murray River.

The target market did not have excess water due to drought conditions and water
allocations that were lower than usual and generally insufficient to meet irrigation
requirements.

The introduction of the provision for carry-over of unused water to the next
irrigation year, reducing the incentive to sell any remaining water.
The Water for the Future $50 million water buy-back established a significant
competitor in 2007 – 2008, providing irrigators the option to sell their water for the
environment rather than donate it to a charity. Australian donations to environmental
not- for- profits represent only 3% of total donations, and reliance on these is
therefore not a feasible business model for not for profit environment funds. Initially
it was expected that water would be available on the WEF licence for direction to
projects as required and that trading would generate sufficient revenue to cover
operating costs. This was not found to be the case and WEF operational expenses
were needed to come from membership, sponsorship and grants, providing little
additional funds for purchase of water.
The proponent also reported that there were many challenges in dealing with
government departments encountered during the project. In many cases there were
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no “internal management systems” to manage NGO project activities or where
systems existed they were not always efficient. They reported that the lack of
harmonisation of water trading rules and different water licence systems across the
MDB states also impacted the ability of the project to deliver the expected outcomes.
Initially it was hoped that funds could be directed to external government (state or
local) projects without requiring management on behalf of WEF. However, the
quality of project management on associated external projects was reported by WEF
to not meet its expectations, necessitating that WEF had to manage specific
environmental projects.
A key lesson to be learnt from this project is the importance of a feasibility analysis
and risk management plan at project proposal stage which outlines the likely and
potential “worse case” impacts of external factors. This will allow either identification
of how the project can deal with risks in a contingency plan or foresee that the
project is fundamentally unviable.
In the case of the WEF project, the risks were understood too late in the project.
This has subsequently resulted in the immediate term as a shift in focus from
purchasing of water entitlements to securing financial donations for the purchase of
water. Most of the factors that resulted in the failure of the project such as drought
and Commonwealth purchase of environmental water should have been foreseen
during project design and approval processes.
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Project Title
10.3
Project
Proponent
VIC: Goldfields
Superpipe – Bendigo
Interconnect Project
Date Funding
Agreement signed
Unknown
Coliban Regional Water
Authority (Coliban Water)
Date Completed
(final/last report)
June 2008
Project Location
Colbinabbin to Lake Eppalock, near
Bendigo
State
Victoria
Australian
Government
Contribution (GST
Excl.)
$25,000,000
Total Project Cost
(GST Excl.)
$107,750,000
NWI Objective/s
10 – Support of water markets and trading
7 – Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
1 – Innovation in water supply sourcing, treatment and discharge
Project Summary Description
The Goldfields Superpipe – Bendigo Interconnect Project is intended to contribute to the water security of
Bendigo. It involved the construction of a 46.5 km pipeline from the Goulburn River system (sourcing water
from the Waranga Western Channel) to the Campaspe River system (discharge into Lake Eppalock, which is
provides storage within the Bendigo urban water supply). The new pipeline connects to the existing EppalockSandhurst Pipeline near Lake Eppalock and can also pump directly into Lake Eppalock. The pipeline has a
capacity to facilitate the transfer of up to 20 GL p.a. that can be made available to Coliban Water’s urban and
rural customers.
Project Objective/s
As listed in Section 1.7 of the Schedule to the Funding Agreement:
1. Provide Bendigo with a more reliable and secure supply of water
2. Promote urban water reform in facilitating trading between and within urban and rural sectors with the water
source to be traded from the rural sector, both permanent and temporary entitlement)
List intended project outcomes/activities. To what extent have the Project
Outcomes been achieved?
Not Met
Partially met
Achieved
Unknown/
Insufficient info
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411
Delivery of capital works: 46.5 km (dia. 1050 mm) pipeline from Waranga Western
Channel at Colbinabbin to Sandhurst Interconnection at Lake Eppalock;
construction of two booster stations; upgrade of power supply to support new
and existing infrastructure.
The infrastructure is in the ground, was commissioned in November 2007 and is
operating (as evidenced by Final Progress Report, 2007)
Purchase of up to 20 GL of water from willing sellers (from the Campaspe system).
To the end of 2007, Coliban Water had spent $24.3M on securing 9.5 GL of water from
willing sellers in the Goulburn system. At that time, an additional 10 GL of water from the
Goulburn Water Quality Reserve was set aside and could be piped to Bendigo and
surrounds if local storages were less than 15%; however these would be purchases at
the required times as temporary water allocations (Final Progress Report).
Arrangements were in place to make additional purchases following commissioning of
the pipeline. The 2011 Coliban Annual Report lists a bulk water entitlement for Coliban
Water from the Waranga Channel as 22.7 GL.
To what extent has the project been consistent with and achieved the Project
Objectives?
1. Provide Bendigo with a more reliable and secure supply of water.
Bendigo has an additional and reliable 22.7 GL of water available to be used as required
and to balance the Lake Eppalock storages during periods of low inflows, noting that in
2011 only minimal transfers were made during the year via the pipeline, more so for
operational reasons.
2. Promote urban water reform in facilitating trading between and within urban and rural
sectors with the water source to be traded from the rural sector, both permanent and
temporary entitlement.
The authorised purchases of entitlements from the rural to the urban sector have been
completed. More water is available for urban use without adding stress to water
resources. Rural sellers were willing sellers.
To what extent has the project been consistent with its NWI objective and any
applicable secondary NWI objective?
NWI Objective: 10. Support of water markets and trading
The water security of a major regional town in Victoria has been boosted through the
purchase of rural water entitlements from willing sellers. The water security has been
achieved without impacting on the overall allocations of water from the Goulburn
system.
NWI Objective: 7. Provide healthy safe and reliable water supplies
Bendigo has an additional and reliable 22.7 GL of water available to be used as required
and to balance the Lake Eppalock storages during periods of low inflows, noting that in
2011 only minimal transfers were made during the year via the pipeline, more so for
operational reasons.
NWI Objective: 1. Innovation in water supply sourcing, treatment and discharge
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Good water supply security planning is heading toward the use of multiple and varied
sources of water to optimise reliability of supply. The creation of localised ‘water grids’,
such as what has been achieved through the pipeline construction, to facilitate water
sharing among regions/systems to balance extremes of over/under supply being
reflective of this innovative practice.
Water Smart Australia Program Objective: “Accelerate the development and uptake of smart
technologies and practices in water use across Australia”
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
technology/technologies
in water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying bulk water piping and pumping transfer systems and construction
techniques at the time of construction, 2006/7.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of technology/
technologies in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
the best bulk water piping and pumping transfer technologies into standard practices
or processes.
This project utilised high-standard pump and pipe technologies, but did not advance
or develop any new or leading edge technologies for this project. Therefore is not
considered to have advanced the state of technology in this area.
The project used high-standard technologies for the pump and piping components;
there is limited information available to determine whether these are the ‘best’
technologies in the water industry.
Has the project increased
or advanced the state of
development of
practices in relation to
water use in the water
industry?
State of development, in relation to the project, is defined as the best techniques
for applying water sharing/trading arrangements.
Has the project increased
or advanced the uptake
of practices in water use
in the water industry?
Uptake, in relation to the project, is defined as the act of accepting and incorporating
water sharing/trading arrangements into other areas of the water industry.
The project consisted of providing infrastructure to facilitate water sharing/trading
and the purchases of water entitlements from willing rural sellers over a number of
years of negotiation between Coliban and existing water holders. This type of
arrangement, while not entirely new, was innovative for Victoria and Australia
generally.
The parties developed reference material and a communications strategy to
disseminate and encourage uptake of the approach taken to the wider water
industry. While it is not clear whether this had a direct impact on any specific
jurisdiction currently, the resources are seen as valuable tools for any similar
venture into the future. It would be useful to track the benefits that are derived from
these arrangements in the future and to document some of the detailed lessons
which may only become apparent in the future during periods of drought etc.
Project Performance and Impact
To what extent has WSA
provided support to
project proponents to
adapt to changing
circumstances?
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This was not tested during the project.
413
Were there any
unexpected outcomes
resulting from the project,
technically, institutionally,
or in regard to
achievement of the
outcomes/objectives?
None identified.
Describe any lessons
learned from the project
in regard to
implementation of the
project itself or the
administration of the
project by the
Department
This project was the first time that the proponent put together a stakeholder
reference group with representatives from all authorities who would be required to
provide approval for the project. The group was formed well in advance of the
project commencing and the members were all of a "level" that they were able to
make decisions for their organisation. This group worked collaboratively with the
proponent and undertook site visits to examine and understand specific problems
along the pipeline route. This ensured that the approval process for the project was
timely and efficient. This model has been adopted by Victorian water corporations
for other projects that have been undertaken since then.
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