Project title : water pollution in Egypt
Names :
Afrah al-sahiqy
Manal al-saadi
Asma al-saadi
Noura alreashi
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Index
Introduction ....................................................................................3
The importance of research ................................................
............................... 4
Find goal ................................................ ............................... 5
Version ................................................. ................................. 5
- The main causes of water pollution in Egypt ................................... 8-6
- Appropriate solutions to address the contamination of drinking water
.................................. 9-8
Results ................................................. ................................... 10
Recommendations ................................................. ................................. 11
Conclusion ................................................. .................................... 11
References ................................................. ................................... 12
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Introduction :
Water is life can not be any organism to live without water so no life without
water. As we are dealing with water, which is one of the most valuable things we
badly exploited to the maximum degree possible, Nloth hands and Bmkhalafatna,
and remnants of our lives and we know full well that all this waste will reach us,
.either directly or indirectly
The pure water is rarely seen today, and pollutants that reach the water today are
costing us huge costs, whether as a result of the serious health effects on all human
beings first and foremost, or as a result of an attempt purification modern
technologies starting with the oceans and seas and rivers as well as groundwater. It
has become the human intake of pollutants a day through drinking water and food,
both because of biological contaminants or chemical contaminants has become a
major threat to his life
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The importance of research:
Water pollution is one of the first and most serious problem on earth as
it is considered one of the first topics that interested scientists and
specialists in the field of pollution, and it is not surprising, then, that the
size of the studies on this subject is greater than the size of those that
.dealt with other branches of pollution
:Perhaps the secret of this is due to two reasons
First: the importance of water and its necessity, he enters in all
biological processes and industrial, nor can any organism to live without
him, Organisms need in order to live, and plants are other needs in order
to grow, has proved Cytology that water is a component is important in
the installation of material cell, a construction unit in every living
organism plant mother was an animal, and proved biochemistry that
water is necessary for the occurrence of all interactions and
transformations that take place within the bodies of living is either
medium or catalyst or inside in the interaction or the result of it, and
proved physiology that water to do all the necessary functions without
which the member is not available to him aspects of life and its
.components
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The whole so even with the verse that declares openly about creativity
Almighty Creator in making water necessary for each organism, he says
(and made from water every living thing do you not believe in) the
.prophets / 30
The second: that water occupies the largest space in the biosphere, it is
more a single substance found him, as of a water surface area of about
70.8% of the area of the globe, prompting some scientists to call (water
ball) on the ground instead of the globe. The water is about (60-70% of
high-end neighborhoods objects, including humans) and therefore the
water pollution cause severe damage with the grave dangers of living
organisms, and upset the ecological balance, which would be
meaningless and will not have value if they spoiled the properties of the
.component Parent
Objective of this research:
The aim of the research is to find out the main reasons that led to the contamination of drinking
water in Egypt
Thread:
Called on the Egyptian Organization for Human Rights issued a report entitled
"Water Pollution ticking time bomb threatening the life of the Egyptians" and that
the report contains that about 38 million people drink contaminated water, the
report said industrial pollutants untreated or partially treated by shooting them in
the water supply is estimated at 4.5 million tons per year, and the report refers to
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the high rate of cases of poisoning caused by pollution in the governorates of
Egypt, was the share capital Cairo 35% and 12% and the Giza Governorate, 50%
and Qaliubiya According to several reports and studies on the subject of water that
there are 100 thousand infected kidney failure annually in Egypt due to water
.pollution, this is not other diseases that they are susceptible to them
There are multiple causes of water pollution in Egypt beginning of the 29 factories
and 300 hotels that through the chemical residues in the Nile River, the end of the
.dilapidated water network, which caused a lot of this pollution
As the treatment plants of drinking water is not highly efficient in terms of its
potential for treatment and removal of contaminated materials, and because we
have a large list of pollutants, the cost of dealing with these pollutants big nor
appreciates the state to create all stations with the same efficiency for this to be the
stations with high efficiency concentrated in capitals the important places such as
Cairo and Alexandria, which is highly efficient in production quantity and quality
because they use methods of treating private and almost does not exist in the
villages, not even in the capitals of the provinces and the reason for that is the high
cost of treatment if he was in the water 50 contaminated, it is removed Almilothan
most dangerous only because all contaminant is removed in a manner specific
process requires added expenses and be Almilothan who are removing two
pollutants that have a rapid impact on human bacteria such as Escherichia coli,
which causes vomiting and diarrhea case collectively in the case of contamination
of water contaminated with this.
Of the main reasons for the contamination of drinking water:
First:
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Chemical pollution:
This produces pollution, often from increased industrial activities,
agricultural, near bodies of water, leading to leakage of various
chemicals to and outputs of these activities that result in leakage in the
water to contamination and change attributes in addition to change the
properties of water natural. There is also contamination with organic
matter which leads its presence in the water to change the smell
Second
:Pollution of the waters of the Nile River
Where the Nile River has become a major source of continuous
contamination of drinking water;, 99% of the drinking water sources
come from the Nile River, and can not be able to water plants removed
from the water. As well as the pollution of the River Nile with the most
serious types of waste flowing into the river, including industrial waste
which is usually out of the factory loaded with bullets and heavy metals
that kill human health and endure many of the diseases, although stages
of purification of the Nile water and add chlorine to purify water of
bacteria only but does not purify water heavy metals and industrial waste
of harmful metals. As well as the exchange of sewage river is one of the
most persistent danger where he received during the recent reports that
industrial pollutants discharged sewage water up to 270 tons per day, it
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is equivalent to pollution from 6 million people, with an estimated solid
waste that is discharged Nile about 14 million tons the hospital waste
amounts to about 120 thousand tons per year of which 25 thousand tons
of highly hazardous materials
Exchange sewage River Nile
The pollution of the Nile River led to a significant loss of agricultural
production and 50% of agricultural production losses caused by the main
due to water pollution
Third:
Freshwater pollution :
Fresh water is water that deals with human directly. Has watched the
sources of fresh water has deteriorated significantly in recent lack of
:interest in them and that
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The use of water tanks that have not been cleaned on a regular basis, .which is very dangerous
Lack of clean water reservoirs when sediment is the most important configuration of reservoir sediment or pollutants so-called "turbidity"
and accompanied by microbial pollution caused by either bacteria or a
virus or parasites, and these sediments are only stuck with water
.molecules
The size of the problem contamination of drinking water in rural areas
are greater than anywhere else, and that the lack of sanitation in many
villages and often rely these villages to extract drinking water from
groundwater, which can be mixed with sewage, and so drinking water in
Egypt vulnerable to pollution from the outset in the Nile River to the end
of the treatment plants and water networks, despite efforts by the
.Egyptian government in this area
Fourth:
Pesticide contamination:
The expansion in the use of pesticides intensively for agricultural
purposes and health to the pollution of water bodies with pesticides
organic either directly by throwing it in the water or indirectly with
agricultural drainage water, health and industrial flowing to these
bodies as leaking portion of these pesticides to groundwater.
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Appropriate solutions to address the contamination of drinking
water:
- One of the most important solutions to address the phenomenon
of water pollution is to spread awareness among the citizens and
the private owners of the villages and the need to establish
seminars that focus image importantly on the seriousness of water
pollution and the concomitant serious diseases that lead and the
image first to the spread of epidemics and to kidney failure and
often may lead to death.
- Sewage treatment in cities, villages and sewage.
Where it is necessary sewage treatment in cities as well as the
sewage before it reaches the water bodies has taken advanced steps
in this area in many of the countries concerned, as Turn attention
toward addressing drainage water and reused to irrigate
agricultural land, as well as sewage treatment in major cities and
use in irrigation projects.
Get rid of maritime transport activity and what happened leak of oil or
oil through
.Burning or rinsing
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Trying to bury radioactive waste in some specific deserts, because they
leak and threaten the health
.Groundwater
Precautions to impose on a wide range of portfolio for the safety of
groundwater as a source
.Security of drinking water sources
The Ministry must environment can play a major role and clear
work to encourage competition in the field of scientific innovation
for those who provide innovation reduces the pollution of waters of
the Nile.
Results
It was my main goal of this research is to find out the main reasons for
contamination of drinking water in Egypt but I am surprised by the large
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number of these reasons as the drinking water in Egypt shrouded in
pollution from all sides and I think that's all a direct result of the
expansion in industrial development and population growth and lack of
environmental awareness, as well as the misuse of Nile water exchange
and factories and communities to its liquid waste in a manner directly or
indirectly leading to water pollution and the change in the properties of
natural water and there are several reports recently issued by the injury
indicate many people illnesses as a result of contamination of drinking
water
Recommendations
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This problem is the most serious environmental problems on earth must therefore
tackle this problem with all our energy because this problem does not damage
extends only to ourselves but to those around us, whether human or animal, or
even plants. I also see that the government is located where it is to be on the
Egyptian government to impose obligations and strict laws and fines against any
diagnosed contaminate water, whether intentionally or unintentionally. Must also
impose a financial penalty on large ships, factories and hospitals that received the
waste in the waters of the Nile
Conclusion:
The problem of pollution of the Nile water may be responsible for some
individuals or groups in society or even the owners of factories and
companies that receive their waste does not matter who is really
responsible for this problem, but it is important that the burden of the
solution is the responsibility of everyone from individuals, government
and state must be concerted all efforts to address to this problem and get
rid of them otherwise would be a violent response not only affected, but
to everyone.
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References
http://www.arabnet5.com/news
http://www.egyptsons.com
http://azezalmasry.ahlamontada.net
http://ar.wikipedia.org
http://forum.egypt.com
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