Chapter 19 Bacteria and Viruses Test
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which of the following statements is NOT true about archaebacteria?
a. They are thought to be ancestors of eukaryotes.
b. Many live in harsh environments.
c. They lack peptidoglycan in their cell wall.
d. They make up the largest kingdom of prokaryotes.
2. Unlike photoautotrophs, chemoautotrophs obtain energy
a. directly from the sun.
b. directly from chemical reactions.
c. indirectly from carbon molecules.
d. indirectly from other organisms.
3. Which of the following describes a role of bacteria in the environment?
a. carrying out photosynthesis
c. fixing nitrogen
b. recycling nutrients
d. all of the above
4. Humans use bacteria in all of the following ways EXCEPT to
a. clean up small oil spills.
b. make butter and milk.
c. mine minerals from the ground.
d. synthesize drugs.
5. What is the basic structure of a virus?
a. DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat
b. a capsid surrounded by a protein coat
c. a tail sheath surrounded by tail fibers
d. a tiny cell surrounded by a cell wall
6. Bacteriophages infect
a. other viruses.
c. any available host cell.
b. bacteria only.
d. cells undergoing the lytic cycle.
7. What can a vaccine do when it is injected into the body?
a. prompt the body to produce immunity to a disease
b. produce toxins that disrupt bacterial equilibrium
c. use bacterial cells for food
d. destroy new pathogens as they arise in the body
8. The microorganisms called prokaryotes are
a. bacteria and viruses.
b. single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus.
c. heterotrophs that contain no DNA.
d. single-celled organisms that form protein clumps.
9. Which of the following are used to identify prokaryotes?
a. cell shape
c. the way prokaryotes obtain energy
b. the way prokaryotes move
d. all of the above
10. A method called Gram staining is used to tell
a. what shape a prokaryote has.
b. how a prokaryote obtains energy.
c. what kind of cell wall a prokaryote has.
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d. whether a prokaryote has flagella.
Two groups of prokaryotes that make their own food from inorganic molecules are
a. heterotrophs and autotrophs.
b. obligate aerobes and obligate anaerobes.
c. photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs.
d. chemoheterotrophs and photoheterotrophs.
Binary fission occurs when a bacterium
a. exchanges genetic information with another cell.
b. forms an endospore to survive harsh conditions.
c. forms a hollow bridge to another bacterial cell.
d. replicates its DNA and divides in half.
Viruses that contain RNA as their genetic information are
a. bacteriophages.
c. prophages.
b. retroviruses.
d. endospores.
Antibiotics are compounds that can
a. disrupt a virus’s normal equilibrium.
b. prompt the body to produce immunity.
c. block the growth and reproduction of bacteria.
d. control a viral infection.
If you wash your hands properly, ordinary soaps do a good job of removing
a. bacteria.
c. viroids.
b. viruses.
d. prions.
Viruses have more difficulty entering plant cells than animal cells because
a. plant cells have tough cell walls.
b. nitrogen fixation harms plant cells.
c. animal cells have no cell membranes.
d. viroids only infect animals.
Chapter 19 Bacteria and Viruses Test
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
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