PHYSICS: Motion Graphs
& Newton’s Laws REVIEW (PreAP)
Name:
Period:
Date:
Examine the graph to the left. It shows the distance traveled by a vehicle over a
certain period of time.
Which segment of the graph shows the vehicle moving with the…
1.
_____ LEAST speed?
2.
______ GREATEST speed?
Use the graph to the right of the car’s velocity vs. time to answer the questions
below. Don’t forget to label the units!!
3. What is the car doing between 0 and 20 seconds?___________________
4. What is the car’s speed at 20 seconds? ___________________________
5. What is the car’s acceleration between 20 and 48 seconds?____________
6. ______ According to Newton’s Third Law, if someone jumps off a
skateboard, the skateboard will roll backwards becauseA. The mass of the skateboard is the same as the mass of the
person jumping off.
B. The pull of gravity on the person is the same as on the
skateboard, regardless of the size
C. The air resistance on the person is great and the friction on the skateboard is small
D. For the force that sent the person forward, there is an equal force pushing back on the skateboard.
7. _____ A certain force is required to accelerate a pickup truck with a mass of 2, 500 kg from standing still (0
km/hr) to a speed of 50 km/hr. The amount of force would be reduced to half as much if one of the
following changes were made?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The final speed is 100 km/hr
The mass of the truck is 1,250 kg
The final speed is 10 km/hr
The mass of the truck is 5,000 kg
8. _____ A bowling ball is rolled with a certain speed and strikes a bowling pin with a force
indicated by the arrow in this illustration.
When the bowling ball strikes the bowling pin, the force applied by the pin to the ballA.
B.
C.
D.
Depends on the mass of the bowling pin
Is equal to the force applied by the ball
Must be zero, since the pin is not moving
Is equal to the force of gravity on both
9. _____ The masses of four objects are given in the table. If all of the objects
have the same acceleration, which will require the greatest force?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Object 1
Object 2
Object3
Object 4
Object
1
2
3
4
Mass
50 kg
100 kg
75 kg
20 kg
10. _____ Newton’s first law of motion, applied to a book sitting on a table, would explain that
the book will not move until which of the following conditions is met?
A. Gravity on the book can be reduced to zero
B. Unbalanced forces act on the book
C. Balanced forces act on the book
D. Balanced forces act on the book
E. Friction being exerted on the book
11. _____ Two metal spheres are suspended on wires so that they hang next to
each other, just touching. Sphere X is raised to a certain height and released.
Without friction or air resistance, Sphere Y would be expected to react by
swinging out in the opposite directionA.
B.
C.
D.
To a height that could hardly be detected
To half the original height of Sphere X
To same original height as Sphere X
To twice the original height of Sphere X
12. _____ According to Newton’s Law of Inertia, which of the following objects will change its motion?
A.
B.
C.
D.
A bike rider on a smooth and level road, pedaling at a constant rate
A train pulling on another train, each with the same amount of force
A chair sitting on a floor with balanced forces acting in opposite directions
A ball rolling across the floor with friction acting in the opposite direction
13. __________ Time and distance data for a bicycle is provided in the graph.
According to the data in the graph, what was the average speed of the bicycle?
14. _____ Which graph shows the slowest speed?
A.
C.
B.
D.
15. _____ A graph is provided below. The graph shows the speed of a car traveling east over a 12 second
period. Based on the information in the graph, it can be concluded that in the first 6 seconds, the car isA.
B.
C.
D.
Changing its direction
Experiencing less and less friction
Accelerating at a constant rate
Climbing a steep incline
16. _____ What will happen if you’re in a car, and the driver slams on the brake?
A.
B.
C.
D.
You will stop moving
You will continue moving forward
You will gradually slow down
You will speed up
17. _____What causes a ball rolling across a rug to slow to a stop?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The rug doesn’t have enough force to hold the ball
Friction resists the ball’s forward motion
The rug doesn’t have enough momentum to keep the ball moving
The ball isn’t moving fast enough
18. _____If an unbalanced force acts on an object, what will happen?
A.
B.
C.
D.
It will not move at all
It will accelerate in the same direction as the force
It will accelerate in the opposite direction to the fore
It will accelerate at an angle of 90 degrees to the force
19. _____According to Newton’s third law, what happens when you push against a wall?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The wall pushes back at you half as hard as you push against it
The wall doesn’t resist at all
The wall pushes back at you with the same amount of force
The wall pushes back at you twice as hard as you push against it
20. _____ Examine the situation in the “before and after” pictures below. Starting from rest at the center of a
skating rink, two skaters push off from each other with equal force. Which of the following best explains
why the girl accelerated more quickly than the boy?
A. She is stronger.
B. Her skates experienced less friction.
C. She weighs less.
D. She is a better skater.