Supplementary material for:
Effect of land use type on metals accumulation and risk assessment in
soil in the peri-urban area of Beijing, China
Table S1 Indices and grades of potential ecological risk of heavy metal pollution
Contamination degree
Individual metal (Cir)
The environment (Cd)
Cir < 1
Low contamination
Cd < 5
Low contamination
1 ≤ Cir < 3
Moderate contamination
5 ≤ Cd < 10
Moderate contamination
1 ≤ Cir < 6
Considerable contamination
10 ≤ Cd < 20
Considerable contamination
Cir≥ 6
Very high contamination
Cd ≥ 20
Very high contamination
Ecological risk
Individual metal (Eir)
The environment (RI)
40
Low risk
RI < 65
Low risk
40≤Eir<80
Moderate risk
65 ≤ RI <130
Moderate risk
80≤Eir<160
Considerable risk
130 ≤ RI <260
Considerable risk
160≤Eir<320
Great risk
RI ≥ 260
Very high risk
Eir≥320
Very great risk
Table S2 Input parameters and values used to estimate the harzard quotient in the non-cancer risk assessment
Exposure
parameters
Description
Adult
Children
References
IngR
SA
AFsoil
InhR
PEF
ED
EF
BW
AT
Ingestion rate of soil (mg/day)
Surface area of the skin contacting with soil (cm2)
Skin adherence factor for soil (mg/cm2)
Inhalation rate (m3/day)
Particle emission factor (m3/kg)
Exposure duration (years)
Exposure frequency (days/year)
Average body weight (kg)
Averaging time (days)
100
5300
0.20
20
1.4×109
24
350
60.3
EF×ED
200
2650
0.20
7.6
1.4×109
6
350
24.5
EF×ED
(USEPA 2001)
(Shi et al. 2011)
(USEPA 2007)
(Zhao et al. 2014)
(USEPA 2001)
(USEPA 2001)
(Hu et al. 2014)
(CMH 2006)
(Luo et al. 2011)
a (USEPA
2007)
b (Chabukdhara
c (Zhao,
d
and Nema 2013)
Xu, Hou, Shangguan and Li 2014)
Since no inhale reference dose has been established yet for the pollutants, this value was assumed to be equal to the RfDdemal.
Metal
s
RfDingestion
RfDdemal
RfDinhale
ABSdermal
As
Cd
Cu
Hg
Ni
Pb
Zn
0.00030a
0.0010a
0.040a
0.00030a
0.020a
0.0040c
0.30a
0.00030a
0.0010a
0.040a
0.00030a
0.020a
0.0040c
0.30a
0.00030d
0.0010d
0.0010a
0.0003a
0.00009a
0.0040d
0.30d
0.030a
0.0010a
0.010a
0.010a
0.010a
0.010a
0.010a
Table S3 Total variance explained and component matrixes for heavy metal in
orchard land
Component Initial Eigenvalues
1
2
3
Total
% of Variance
Cumulative %
1.61
1.50
1.45
23.00
21.36
20.70
23.00
44.37
65.07
Component Matrix (Rotated)
Variables
As
Cd
Cu
Hg
Ni
Pb
Zn
Component
1
0.384
0.067
0.865
0.778
0.142
0.123
0.591
2
0.609
-0.783
0.246
-0.301
0.627
-0.078
0.225
3
0.212
0.195
-0.108
0.216
0.575
0.932
0.246
Table S4 Total variance explained and component matrixes for heavy metal in
greenhouse
Component Initial Eigenvalues
Component
Total
% of Variance
Cumulative %
1
2
3
2.698
1.937
1.384
38.54
27.68
19.78
38.54
66.21
85.99
Component Matrix (Rotated)
Variables
As
Cd
Cu
Hg
Ni
Pb
Zn
Component
1
0.105
0.957
0.908
0.133
0.434
0.034
0.860
2
0.965
0.005
0.370
-0.089
0.842
-0.002
0.390
3
-0.066
-0.052
0.079
0.786
-0.069
-0.837
0.216
Table S5 Total variance explained and component matrixes for heavy metal in
woodland
Component Initial Eigenvalues
Component
Total
% of Variance
Cumulative %
1
2
3
2.99
1.95
1.88
42.79
27.80
26.82
42.79
70.59
97.41
Component Matrix (Rotated)
Variables
As
Cd
Cu
Hg
Ni
Pb
Zn
Component
1
0.175
0.096
0.679
0.870
0.930
0.052
0.933
2
0.607
0.981
0.731
0.144
0.236
0.006
0.067
3
0.771
0.126
0.037
0.457
-0.192
0.995
0.171
Refercnces
USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). 2001. Baseline human health risk
assessment Vasquez Boulevard and I-70 superfund site, Denver CO.
http://www.epa.gov/region8/superfund/sites/VB-170-Risk.pdf
Shi GT, Chen ZL, Bi CJ, et al. 2011. A comparative study of health risk of potentially
toxic metals in urban and suburban road dust in the most populated city of China. Atmos
Environ 45: 764-71
USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). 2007. Integrated Risk Information
System (IRIS), Washington, DC, USA. http://www.epa.gov/ncea/iris/index.html,
Zhao L, Xu YF, Hou H, et al. 2014. Source identification and health risk assessment of
metals in urban soils around the Tanggu chemical industrial district, Tianjin, China. Sci
Total Environ 468: 654-62
Hu WY, Chen Y, Huang B, et al. 2014. Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in
Soils and Vegetables from a Typical Greenhouse Vegetable Production System in China.
Hum Ecol Risk Assess 20: 1264-80
CMH (Chinese Ministry of Health). 2006. China's Health Statistical Yearbook, Beijing
Peking Union Medical College Press, Beijing
Luo CL, Liu CP, Wang Y, et al. 2011. Heavy metal contamination in soils and vegetables
near an e-waste processing site, south China. Journal of Hazardous Materials 186: 48190
Chabukdhara M and Nema AK 2013. Heavy metals assessment in urban soil around
industrial clusters in Ghaziabad, India: Probabilistic health risk approach. Ecotox
Environ Safe 87: 57-64