Description of Gross Domestic Production and National Income
Indicators
Indicators of National accounts are prepared basing on the national accounts system 1968
but due to the lack in detailed data source, The accounts have not been prepared basing on
1993 yet whereas the directorate uses the economic definition of 1993 system.
1. Data Source :
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Historical background: Directorate of National account produced reports on gross
domestic production by economic activities for the period (1968 – 2011) where GDP
is distributed by public and private sector at current and constant prices. Indicators
of national income is produced only at current prices where base year 1988 is
based for the period (1968 – 2011) and base year 2007 for the period (2000 – 2011).
Objective: The aim of GDP and National income indicators is to measure economy
in terms of growth and structural distribution which give planners and policy-makers
a clear picture on economy status, thus find solutions to address economic crises.
2. Methodology:
National accounts indicators of gross domestic production and national income are
prepared by CSO / Directorate of National accounts basing on the following sources:
First : Ministries and relevant entities:
1. State final accounts / Ministry of Finance.
2. Payment Balance / Central Bank of Iraq.
3. Data on produced and exported crude oil / Ministry of Oil.
4. Final accounts and balance sheets of public and mixed sector companies /
Board of Supreme Audit.
5. Final accounts and Balance sheets of banks and insurance.
6.
Second: Central Statistical Organization / Technical Directorates :
1. Results of large, medium and small industrial establishment statistics /
Directorate of Industrial Statistics
2. Results of water and electricity statistics / Directorate of Industrial Statistics
3. Prices and index numbers / Directorate of Index Numbers
4. Reports of crops and vegetables production / Directorate of Agricultural
Statistics
5. Reports of dates production in Iraq / Directorate of Agricultural Statistics
6. Field Prices of agricultural products / Directorate of Agricultural Statistics
7. Poultry Reports / Directorate of Agricultural Statistics
8. Quarterly questionnaires of butcheries products prices / Directorate of
Agricultural Statistics
9. Results of Cost and Operation Public Sector Vehicles Survey / Directorate of
Transport and Communication Statistics
10. Data of Communication companies / Directorate of Transport and
Communication Statistics
11. Results of Iraq Household Social and Economic Survey / Directorate of Living
Conditions Statistics
12. ٌResults of Private Sector Mining and Quarries Surveys / Directorate of
Industrial Statistics
13. Results of building and construction statistics of public and private sectors /
Directorate of Building and Construction Statistics
Coverage:
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By economic units
Accounts cover all the units that have economic centre in the country to
practice the productive activity for long period or undefined period at
minimum one year.
 By economic activities
All economic activities are covered excluding:
 Non – profit institutions serving households established after 2003.
 Unobserved economy : unreported activities being illegal
 Stock in private sector
 Geographical Coverage
Estimates cover the whole Iraq despite the lack in data of Kurdistan
Region whereas indicators are calculated and disseminated at Iraq level
not at governorate level.
Quarterly preliminary estimates take 15 days to be finalized before
producing the report , annual preliminary estimates take 35 days before
producing the report and 20 days before producing final estimates where
quarterly estimates are produced 45 days after the end of reference
quarter and the annual preliminary and final estimates are produced 10,
24 months respectively after the end of reference year.
3. Concepts and Definition:
 Production: each activity supervised by an institutional unit use labor ,
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capital, goods and services as inputs for producing goods and service
outputs.
Inputs: goods and services utilized in production process as intermediate
requirements.
National Income: Total net production of goods and services during the
year, total incomes attained as labor revenue and total operations surplus.
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Gross Domestic Production: Value of goods and final services production
during the year , in other words , the total value added of the producers
during the year.
4. Classifications:
International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities ( ISIC 1)
was adopted to classify economy activities for the period 1968 – 1996 into 12 main
activities :
 Agriculture, forestry, hunting and fishery
 Crude Oil
 Other kinds of mining
 Manufacturing
 Electricity and Water
 Building and Construction
 Transport, Communication and Storage
 Wholesale, Retail, hotels and others
 Banks and insurance
 Houses Ownership
 Government
 Personal Services
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While ISIC Rev.3 has been using since 1997 to classify economy into the
following main activities:
Agriculture, hunting and forestry
Fishery
Crude Oil
Other kinds of mining
Manufacturing
Electricity, water and gas Supply
Building and Construction
Wholesale, retail, hotels, repair of vehicles and personal goods
Hotels and restaurants
Transport, storage and communications
Financial intermediation
Real estates, renting and business activities
Public administration, defense and compulsory social security
Education
Health and social work
Other community, social and personal activities
Activities of private households as employers of domestic staff
5. Methods of Calculation
Two methods are used to estimate gross domestic production:
1. Net production ( value added ) includes:
a) Calculation of activity production (revenues and inputs) at basic
prices.
b) Domestic production = production – inputs.
2. Incomes:
This method is based on the assumption that all gross domestic
production is distributed as bonuses to production factors and
consumption allocations, these bonuses include:
a) Compensation of employees ( wages, salaries and benefits)
b) Operation surplus: ( net profits, net interest and net land rentals)
This method was used in some of distribution and service activities, it also used to
check the results calculated by net production of some commodity activities.
Gross national production and national income can be obtained according to the
following formulas:
Gross national production = gross domestic production + net revenues of
production factors from abroad.
National income at basic prices ( net national production) = gross national
production – allocations of fixed capital consumption.
National income at current market prices = national income at basic prices +
indirect taxes – subsidies.
6. Data Availability
 Data of national income and gross domestic production at Iraq level.
 Data are disseminated in publications and excel and PDF format on
CSO web.
Periodicity
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Quarterly reports have been producing since 2006.
Annual preliminary and annual reports have been producing since
1968.