Included pilot trials
1. Adelson PD, Ragheb J, Muizelaar JP, Kanev P, Brockmeyer D, Beers SR, et
al. Phase II clinical trial of moderate hypothermia after severe traumatic brain
injury in children. Neurosurgery. 2005 Apr;56(4):740–54.
(This publication reported on 2 pilot RCTs: a single centred and a multicentered trial with different inclusion and exclusion criteria. We considered
these as separate RCTs when reporting trial-level characteristics such as the
sample size and as a single publication when reporting publication-level
characteristics such as the number of times it was cited.)
2. Baldasso E, Garcia PCR, Piva JP, Branco RG, Tasker RC. Pilot safety study
of low-dose vasopressin in non-septic critically ill children. Intensive Care
Med. 2009 Jan 9;35(2):355–9.
3. Barbosa E, Moreira EAM, Goes JE, Faintuch J. Pilot study with a glutaminesupplemented enteral formula in critically ill infants. Rev Hosp Clin.
1999;54(1):21–4.
4. Basnet S, Mander G, Andoh J, Klaska H, Verhulst S, Koirala J. Safety,
efficacy, and tolerability of early initiation of noninvasive positive pressure
ventilation in pediatric patients admitted with status asthmaticus: a pilot study.
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. 2012 Jul;13(4):393–8.
5. Behera SK, Zuccaro JC, Wetzel GT, Alejos JC. Nesiritide improves
hemodynamics in children with dilated cardiomyopathy: a pilot study. Pediatr
Cardiol. 2008 Aug 15;30(1):26–34.
6. Cholette JM, Powers KS, Alfieris GM, Angona R, Henrichs KF, Masel D, et al.
Transfusion of cell saver salvaged blood in neonates and infants undergoing
open heart surgery significantly reduces RBC and coagulant product
transfusions and donor exposures: results of a prospective, randomized,
clinical trial. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. 2013 Feb;14(2):137–47.
7. Cifra HL, Velasco J. A comparative study of the efficacy of 6% Haes-Steril
and Ringer's lactate in the management of dengue shock syndrome. Critical
Care And Shock. 2003;6:95–100.
8. Duffett M, Choong K, Foster J, Cheng J, Meade MO, Cook DJ. Clonidine in
the sedation of mechanically ventilated children: a pilot randomized trial.
Journal of Critical Care. 2014.
9. Jacobs BR, Nadkarni V, Goldstein B, Checchia P, Ayad O, Bean J, et al.
Nutritional immunomodulation in critically ill children with acute lung injury:
feasibility and impact on circulating biomarkers. Pediatric Critical Care
Medicine. 2013 Jan;14(1):e45–56.
10. Jouvet PA, Payen V, Gauvin F, Emeriaud G, Lacroix J. Weaning children
from mechanical ventilation with a computer-driven protocol: a pilot trial.
Intensive Care Med. 2013 May;39(5):919–25.
11. Kumar R, Singhi S, Singhi P, Jayashree M, Bansal A, Bhatti A. Randomized
Controlled Trial Comparing Cerebral Perfusion Pressure-Targeted Therapy
Versus Intracranial Pressure-Targeted Therapy for Raised Intracranial
Pressure due to Acute CNS Infections in Children. Critical Care Medicine.
2014 Apr 1.
12. Lechner E, Hofer A, Leitner-Peneder G, Freynschlag R, Mair R, Weinzettel R,
et al. Levosimendan versus milrinone in neonates and infants after corrective
Included pilot trials
open-heart surgery: a pilot study. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. 2012
Sep;13(5):542–8.
13. Loukanov T, Bucsenez D, Springer W, Sebening C, Rauch H, Roesch E, et
al. Comparison of inhaled nitric oxide with aerosolized iloprost for treatment of
pulmonary hypertension in children after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.
Clin Res Cardiol. 2011 Feb 13;100(7):595–602.
14. Luchetti M, Casiraghi G, Valsecchi R, Galassini E, Marraro G. Porcinederived surfactant treatment of severe bronchiolitis. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand.
1998 Aug;42(7):805–10.
15. Malley R, DeVincenzo J, Ramilo O, Dennehy PH, Meissner HC, Gruber WC,
et al. Reduction of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in tracheal aspirates in
intubated infants by use of humanized monoclonal antibody to RSV F protein.
J Infect Dis. 1998 Dec;178(6):1555–61.
16. Marseglia L, Aversa S, Barberi I, Salpietro CD, Cusumano E, Speciale A, et
al. High endogenous melatonin levels in critically ill children: a pilot study. The
Journal of Pediatrics. 2013 Feb;162(2):357–60.
17. Mecott GA, Herndon DN, Kulp GA, Brooks NC, Al-Mousawi AM, Kraft R, et al.
The use of exenatide in severely burned pediatric patients. Critical Care.
2010;14(4):R153.
18. Melnyk BM, Alpert-Gillis LJ, Hensel PB, Cable-Beiling RC, Rubenstein JS.
Helping mothers cope with a critically ill child: a pilot test of the COPE
intervention. Res Nurs Health. 1997 Feb;20(1):3–14.
19. Mondal RK, Singhi SC, Chakrabarti A, M J. Randomized comparison between
fluconazole and itraconazole for the treatment of candidemia in a pediatric
intensive care unit: a preliminary study. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. 2004
Nov;5(6):561–5.
20. Natale JE, Guerguerian A-M, Joseph JG, McCarter R, Shao C, Slomine B, et
al. Pilot study to determine the hemodynamic safety and feasibility of
magnesium sulfate infusion in children with severe traumatic brain injury.
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. 2007 Jan;8(1):1–9.
21. Pemberton VL, Browning B, Webster A, Dean JM, Moler FW. Therapeutic
hypothermia after pediatric cardiac arrest trials: the vanguard phase
experience and implications for other trials. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine.
2013 Jan;14(1):19–26.
22. Prabhakaran P, Reddy AT, Oakes WJ, King WD, Winkler MK, Givens TG. A
pilot trial comparing cerebral perfusion pressure-targeted therapy to
intracranial pressure-targeted therapy in children with severe traumatic brain
injury. J Neurosurg. 2004 May;100(5 Suppl Pediatrics):454–9.
23. Ricci Z, Garisto C, Favia I, Vitale V, Di Chiara L, Cogo PE. Levosimendan
infusion in newborns after corrective surgery for congenital heart disease:
randomized controlled trial. Intensive Care Med. 2012 Jul;38(7):1198–204.
24. Sakellaris G, Kotsiou M, Tamiolaki M, Kalostos G, Tsapaki E, Spanaki M, et
al. Prevention of complications related to traumatic brain injury in children and
adolescents with creatine administration: an open label randomized pilot
study. The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care. 2006
Aug;61(2):322–9.
Included pilot trials
25. Shahid SK. Efficacy and safety of cefepime in late-onset ventilator-associated
pneumonia in infants: a pilot randomized and controlled study. Ann Trop Med
Parasitol. 2008 Jan 1;102(1):63–71.
26. Srinivasan R, Meyer R, Padmanabhan R, Britto J. Clinical safety of
Lactobacillus casei shirota as a probiotic in critically ill children. Journal of
Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 2006 Feb;42(2):171–3.
27. Thomas NJ, Guardia CG, Moya FR, Cheifetz IM, Markovitz B, Cruces P, et al.
A pilot, randomized, controlled clinical trial of lucinactant, a peptide-containing
synthetic surfactant, in infants with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. 2012 Nov;13(6):646–53.
28. Tibby SM, Hatherill M, Wright SM, Wilson P, Postle AD, Murdoch IA.
Exogenous surfactant supplementation in infants with respiratory syncytial
virus bronchiolitis. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine. 2000 Oct;162(4 Pt 1):1251–6.
29. Valoor HT, Singhi S, Jayashree M. Low-dose hydrocortisone in pediatric
septic shock: An exploratory study in a third world setting. Pediatric Critical
Care Medicine. 2009 Jan;10(1):121–5.
30. Verlaat CWM, Heesen GP, Vet NJ, de Hoog M, van der Hoeven JG, Kox M,
et al. Randomized controlled trial of daily interruption of sedatives in critically
ill children. Lönnqvist P-A, editor. Pediatric Anesthesia. 2013 Aug
24;24(2):151–6.
31. Welzing L, Oberthuer A, Junghaenel S, Harnischmacher U, Stützer H, Roth
B. Remifentanil/midazolam versus fentanyl/midazolam for analgesia and
sedation of mechanically ventilated neonates and young infants: a
randomized controlled trial. Intensive Care Med. Springer-Verlag; 2012
Jun;38(6):1017–24.