1. Zhang Q, Zhang JH, Tong PJ (2014) [Application of transcutaneous electrical nerve
stimulation to multimodal analgesia after total knee arthroplasty]. Zhongguo gu shang
= China journal of orthopaedics and traumatology 27: 283-286.
Participants not relevant
2. Yildirim MA, Ucnullar D, Ones K, Borcin B (2014) Comparison of the duration of
therapeutic ultrasound in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Annals of the Rheumatic
Diseases 73.
Intervention not appropriate
3. Sarifakioglu B, Guzelant AY, Ozduran E (2014) The comparision of the effectiveness
of short wave diathermy and ultrasound in the treatment of gonarthrosis. Turk
Osteoporoz Dergisi 20: 16-20.
Participants not relevant
4. McAlindon TE, Bannuru RR, Sullivan MC, Arden NK, Berenbaum F, et al. (2014)
OARSI guidelines for the non-surgical management of knee osteoarthritis.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 22: 363-388.
Study design not suitable
5. Maly M (2014) Osteoarthritis year in review: Rehabilitation and outcomes.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 22: S5-S6.
Study design not suitable
6. Cheng G, Cheng W, Jiang YG (2014) [Controlled observation of clinical efficacy on
knee osteoarthritis treated with auricular electroacupuncture and the isolated
moxibustion with Lingxian herbal paste]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu 34: 230-234.
Intervention not appropriate
7. Arokoski JPA (2014) Treatment of knee and hip osteoarthritis in the elderly. Pain
Practice 14: 10.
Study design not suitable
8. Ali SS, Ahmed SI, Khan M, Soomro RR (2014) Comparing the effects of manual
therapy versus electrophysical agents in the management of knee osteoarthritis.
Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences 27: 1103-1106.
Intervention not appropriate
9. Yildirim MA, Ones K, Ucnullar D (2013) Comparison of the duration of ultrasound
treatment in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Osteoporosis International 24: S234-S235.
Intervention not appropriate
10. Weiner DK, Moore CG, Morone NE, Lee ES, Kent Kwoh C (2013) Efficacy of
periosteal stimulation for chronic pain associated with advanced knee osteoarthritis: a
randomized, controlled clinical trial. Clin Ther 35: 1703-1720.e1705.
Intervention not appropriate
11. Stemberger R, Kerschan-Schindl K (2013) Osteoarthritis: Physical medicine and
rehabilitation
-
Nonpharmacological
management.
Wiener
Medizinische
Wochenschrift 163: 228-235.
Study design not suitable
12. Paker N, Bunulldayci D, Gunduz B, Celik B, Erhan B, et al. (2013) The efficacy of
physical treatment modalities on pain and functional status in the patients with knee
osteoarthritis. Turkiye Fiziksel Tip ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi 59: 349.
Intervention not appropriate
13. MacPherson H, Corbett M, Rice S, Madurasinghe V, Slack R, et al. (2013)
Acupuncture and other physical treatments for the relief of chronic pain due to
osteoarthritis of the knee: Network meta-analysis. Journal of Alternative and
Complementary Medicine 19: A2.
Study design not suitable
14. Julian R, Ramirez R, Rueda MJ, Latorre A, Castell V, et al. (2013) Impact of the
physiotherapy unit in an urban primary care health centre. Annals of the Rheumatic
Disease 71.
Study design not suitable
15. Grypdonck L, Hermens R, Vankrunkelsven P, Luyten F (2013) Knee osteoarthritis:
Widespread use of treatments that are not considered essential for high quality care.
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 72.
Study design not suitable
16. Davis AM, MacKay C (2013) Osteoarthritis year in review: Rehabilitation.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 21: S7-S8.
Study design not suitable
17. Corbett MS, Rice SJC, Madurasinghe V, Slack R, Fayter DA, et al. (2013)
Acupuncture and other physical treatments for the relief of pain due to osteoarthritis of
the knee: Network meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 21: 1290-1298.
Study design not suitable
18. Bierma-Zeinstra S (2013) A stepped care approach towards hip and knee
osteoarthritis in primary care. Annals of the Rheumatic Disease 71.
Study design not suitable
19. Bao F, Zhang Y, Wu ZH, Wang Y, Sheng M, et al. (2013) [Efficacy observation on
knee osteoarthritis treated with electroacupuncture and its influence on articular
cartilage with T2 mapping]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu 33: 193-197.
Intervention not appropriate
20. Adams T, Band-Entrup D, Kuhn S, Legere L, Mac EK, et al. (2013) Physical therapy
management of knee osteoarthritis in the middle-aged athlete. Sports Medicine and
Arthroscopy Review 21: 2-10.
Intervention not appropriate
21. Abdulla A, Adams N, Bone M, Elliott AM, Gaffin J, et al. (2013) Guidance on the
management of pain in older people. Age and ageing 42 Suppl 1: i1-57.
Study design not suitable
22. Turcan A, Uzkeser H, Sariyildiz MA, Guler M, Aydin T (2012) The effectiveness
of one or two physical therapy sessions per day on knee osteoarthritis. International
Journal of Rheumatic Diseases 15: 95.
Intervention not appropriate
23. Stange R, Moser C, Hopfenmueller W, Mansmann U, Buehring M, et al. (2012)
Randomised controlled trial with medical leeches for osteoarthritis of the knee.
Complementary Therapies in Medicine 20: 1-7.
Intervention not appropriate
24. Saleki M, Ahadi T, Razi M, Raeisi GR, Forough B (2012) Comparison of the effects
of acupuncture and physical modality on symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Journal of
Isfahan Medical School 30.
Intervention not appropriate
25. Pietrosimone BG, Saliba SA (2012) Changes in voluntary quadriceps activation
predict changes in quadriceps strength after therapeutic exercise in patients with knee
osteoarthritis. Knee 19: 939-943.
Intervention not appropriate
26. Kedzierski T, Stanczak K, Gworys K, Gasztych J, Sibinski M, et al. (2012)
Comparative evaluation of the direct analgesic efficacy of selected physiotherapeutic
methods in subjects with knee joint degenerative disease - preliminary report. Ortopedia,
traumatologia, rehabilitacja 14: 537-544.
Study design not suitable
27. Gao J, Ouyang BS, Zhang Y, Li J, Yang HZ, et al. (2012) [Comparison of the clinical
therapeutic effects between electroacupuncture and warming needle moxibustion for
knee osteoarthritis of kidney deficiency and marrow insufficiency pattern/syndrome].
Zhongguo Zhen Jiu 32: 395-398.
Intervention not appropriate
28. Ebnezar J, Nagarathna R, Yogitha B, Nagendra HR (2012) Effects of an integrated
approach of hatha yoga therapy on functional disability, pain, and flexibility in
osteoarthritis of the knee joint: A randomized controlled study. Journal of Alternative
and Complementary Medicine 18: 463-472.
Intervention not appropriate
29. Di Sante L, Paoloni M, Dimaggio M, Colella L, Cerino A, et al. (2012) Ultrasoundguided aspiration and corticosteroid injection compared to horizontal therapy for
treatment of knee osteoarthritis complicated with Baker's cyst: a randomized, controlled
trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 48: 561-567.
Intervention not appropriate
30. De Luigi AJ (2012) Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Osteoarthritis. PM
and R 4: S122-S133.
Study design not suitable
31. Chen G, Gu RX, Xu DD (2012) [The application of electroacupuncture to
postoperative rehabilitation of total knee replacement]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu 32: 309-
312.
Participants not relevant
32. Beckwee D, De Hertogh W, Lievens P, Bautmans I, Vaes P (2012) Effect of tens on
pain in relation to central sensitization in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: study
protocol of a randomized controlled trial. Trials 13: 21.
Study design not suitable
33. Abrams GD, Renstrom PA, Safran MR (2012) Epidemiology of musculoskeletal
injury in the tennis player. British journal of sports medicine 46: 492-498.
Study design not suitable
34. (2012) Herbal medicines for osteoarthritis. Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin 50: 812.
Intervention not appropriate
35. (2012) [Update on current care guidelines: knee and hip osteoarthriti]. Duodecim;
lääketieteellinen aikakauskirja 128: 2114-2115.
Study design not suitable
36. Smink AJ, Van Den Ende CHM, Vliet Vlieland TPM, Swierstra BA, Kortland JH,
et al. (2011) "Beating osteoARThritis": Development of a stepped care strategy to
optimize utilization and timing of non-surgical treatment modalities for patients with
hip or knee osteoarthritis. Clinical Rheumatology 30: 1623-1629.
Intervention not appropriate
37. Rojahn R (2011) Transcutaneous electrostimulation for osteoarthritis of the knee.
Journal of Pain Management 4: 447-449.
Intervention not appropriate
38. Peter WFH, Jansen MJ, Hurkmans EJ, Bloo H, Dekker-Bakker LMMCJ, et al. (2011)
Physiotherapy in hip and knee osteoarthritis: Development of a practice guideline
concerning initial assessment, treatment and evaluation. Acta Reumatologica
Portuguesa 36: 268-281.
Study design not suitable
39. Li JH, Su YS, Jing XH, Shi H, Chen SL, et al. (2011) [Analysis and strategy report
on overseas large-scale systematic evaluation on clinical effectiveness of acupuncture].
Zhongguo zhen jiu = Chinese acupuncture & moxibustion 31: 665-669.
Study design not suitable
40. Leonard G, Cloutier C, Marchand S (2011) Reduced analgesic effect of
acupuncture-like tens but not conventional tens in opioid-treated patients. Journal of
Pain 12: 213-221.
Participants not relevant
41. Lee J, Rakel B, Sluka K, Logsden-Sackett N, Yang X (2011) The role of
biopsychosocial factors in the level of TENS amplitude achieved after total knee
replacement. Journal of Pain 12: P46.
Participants not relevant
42. Hawker GA, Mian S, Bednis K, Stanaitis I (2011) Osteoarthritis year 2010 in review:
non-pharmacologic therapy. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 19: 366-374.
Study design not suitable
43. Du Souich P (2011) Treatment of arthrosis: The pharmacologist's point of view.
Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology 109: 10.
Study design not suitable
44. De Nijs R, Meier A, Wagemakers F, Kolen A (2011) Effects on transcutaneous
electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) applied at different skin location of arthritic pain
in the knee: A randomised controlled study. Osteoporosis International 22: S229.
Participants not relevant
45. Calis FA, Durmaz B, Baydar M, Demircionulllu OY, Iyiyapici A, et al. (2011) The
effectiveness of TENS, interferential current and short-wave diathermy on knee
osteoarthritis: Multicenter, randomized, placebo controlled clinical study. Turkiye
Fiziksel Tip ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi 57: 141.
Intervention not appropriate
46. Bjordal JM (2011) Time for a paradigm shift in pain treatment: Reassessing
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). Pain 152: 1213-1214.
Study design not suitable
47. Beckwe e D, Swinnen E, Vermet Y, Bautmans I, Vaes P, et al. (2011) Clinical
efficacy and parameters of tens after total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 19: S224.
Study design not suitable
48. Aydoseli K, Eren B, Gunduz H (2011) Effectiveness of physical medicine
modalities in osteoarthritis induced pain. Turkiye Fiziksel Tip ve Rehabilitasyon
Dergisi 57: 334.
Intervention not appropriate
49. Zhu Y, Chen RL, Miao FR, Ji L (2010) [Clinical observation on the therapeutic
effect of drugs-paste separated moxibustion combined with electroacupunture for knee
osteoarthritis patients of cold-damp type]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 35: 293-297.
Intervention not appropriate
50. Wu MX, Li XH, Lin MN, Jia XR, Mu R, et al. (2010) Clinical study on the treatment
of knee osteoarthritis of Shen-Sui insufficiency syndrome type by electroacupuncture.
Chin J Integr Med 16: 291-297.
Intervention not appropriate
51. Turhanogclu AD, Guler H, Inanoglu D, Inanoglu K, Turhanoglu S (2010) Tramadol
iontophoresis added to treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis. Turkish Journal of
Rheumatology 25: 174-178.
Intervention not appropriate
52. Toupin-April K, Hochberg M, Tugwell P, Altman R, Benkhalti M, et al. (2010)
Development of the 2009 revised ACR recommendations for the management of
osteoarthritis. Journal of Rheumatology 37: 1336.
Study design not suitable
53. Tiktinsky R, Chen L, Narayan P (2010) Electrotherapy: Yesterday, today and
tomorrow. Haemophilia 16: 126-131.
Study design not suitable
54. Suarez-Almazor ME, Looney C, Liu Y, Cox V, Pietz K, et al. (2010) A randomized
controlled trial of acupuncture for osteoarthritis of the knee: effects of patient-provider
communication. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 62: 1229-1236.
Intervention not appropriate
55. Rockstroh G, Schleicher W, Krummenauer F (2010) [Effectiveness of microcurrent
therapy as a constituent of post-hospital rehabilitative treatment in patients after total
knee alloarthroplasty - a randomized clinical trial]. Rehabilitation (Stuttg) 49: 173-179.
Participants not relevant
56. Rice DA, McNair PJ (2010) Quadriceps Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition: Neural
Mechanisms and Treatment Perspectives. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism 40:
250-266.
Study design not suitable
57. Peter WFH, Jansen MJ, Hurkmans EJ, Bloo H, Dekker-Bakker LMMCJ, et al. (2010)
An update of the Dutch physical therapy guideline on hip and knee osteoarthritis
(HKOA). Arthritis and Rheumatism 62: 2051.
Study design not suitable
58. Palmer S, Domaille M, Cramp F, Johnson MI (2010) Short-term effects of
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and exercise on knee
osteoarthritis (OA). Rheumatology 49: i33-i34.
Study design not suitable
59. Jamtvedt G, Dahm KT, Holm I, Odegaard-Jensen J, Flottorp S (2010) Choice of
treatment modalities was not influenced by pain, severity or co-morbidity in patients
with knee osteoarthritis. Physiotherapy research international : the journal for
researchers and clinicians in physical therapy 15: 16-23.
Intervention not appropriate
60. Gschiel B, Kager H, Pipam W, Weichart K, Likar R (2010) Analgesic efficacy of
TENS therapy in patients with gonarthrosis. A prospective, randomised, placebocontrolled, double-blind study. Schmerz 24: 494-500.
Participants not relevant
61. Bruyre O, Reginster JY, Croisier JL, Crielaard JM, Maquet D (2010) Rehabilitation
in osteoarthritis. Therapy 7: 669-674.
Study design not suitable
62. Beadle C, Howie CR, Nuki G (2010) OARSI recommendations for the management
of hip and knee osteoarthritis: Which treatments are being used? Audit of patients
coming to arthroplasty in Scotland. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 18: S152.
Study design not suitable
63. Taechaarpornkul W, Suvapan D, Theppanom C, Chanthipwaree C, Chirawatkul A
(2009) Comparison of the effectiveness of six and two acupuncture point regimens in
osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomised trial. Acupunct Med 27: 3-8.
Intervention not appropriate
64. Snelling S, Rout R, Xia Z, Andrew CJ, Hulley PA, et al. (2009) A microarray
analysis of damaged versus undamaged cartilage in anteromedial gonarthrosis.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 17: S238.
Study design not suitable
65. Rutjes AW, Nuesch E, Sterchi R, Kalichman L, Hendriks E, et al. (2009)
Transcutaneous electrostimulation for osteoarthritis of the knee. Cochrane database of
systematic reviews (Online): CD002823.
Study design not suitable
66. Pietrosimone BG, Hart JM, Saliba SA, Hertel J, Ingersoll CD (2009) Immediate
effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and focal knee joint cooling on
quadriceps activation. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 41: 1175-1181.
Study design not suitable
67. Likar R, Kager H, Gschiel B, Weichart K, Sittl R (2009) Analgesic efficacy of tenstherapy in patients with gonarthrosis (in a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled,
double-blind study). European Journal of Pain 13: S252-S253.
Participants not relevant
68. Geler Kulcu D, Yanik B, Gulsen G, Gokmen D (2009) Effect of neuromuscular
electrical stimulation on pain and functional parameters in knee osteoarthritis. Turkiye
Fiziksel Tip ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi 55: 111-115.
Intervention not appropriate
69. Celiker R (2009) Current treatment approaches for osteoarthritis in the elderly.
Turkiye Fiziksel Tip ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi 55: 75-79.
Study design not suitable
70. Ahsin S, Saleem S, Bhatti AM, Iles RK, Aslam M (2009) Clinical and
endocrinological changes after electro-acupuncture treatment in patients with
osteoarthritis of the knee. Pain 147: 60-66.
Intervention not appropriate
71. Zhang W, Moskowitz RW, Nuki G, Abramson S, Altman RD, et al. (2008) OARSI
recommendations for the management of hip and knee osteoarthritis, Part II: OARSI
evidence-based, expert consensus guidelines. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 16: 137-162.
Study design not suitable
72. Wu ZH, Bao F (2008) [Observation on therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture for
the treatment of knee osteoarthritis]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 21: 170-172.
Study design not suitable
73. Selfe TK, Taylor AG (2008) Acupuncture and osteoarthritis of the knee: a review
of randomized, controlled trials. Fam Community Health 31: 247-254.
Study design not suitable
74. Li Q, Zhu J (2008) [Observation on therapeutic effect of moxibustion at Shenque
(CV 8) combined with electroacupuncture on gonarthritis of type of accumulation of
pathogenic cold due to yang deficiency]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu 28: 565-568.
Participants not relevant
75. Jubb RW, Tukmachi ES, Jones PW, Dempsey E, Waterhouse L, et al. (2008) A
blinded randomised trial of acupuncture (manual and electroacupuncture) compared
with a non-penetrating sham for the symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee. Acupunct
Med 26: 69-78.
Intervention not appropriate
76. Jamtvedt G, Dahm KT, Holm I, Flottorp S (2008) Measuring physiotherapy
performance in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: A prospective study. BMC
Health Services Research 8.
Intervention not appropriate
77. Jamtvedt G, Dahm KT, Christie A, Moe RH, Haavardsholm E, et al. (2008) Physical
therapy interventions for patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: An overview of
systematic reviews. Physical Therapy 88: 123-136.
Study design not suitable
78. Hurley MV, Bearne LM (2008) Non-exercise physical therapies for musculoskeletal
conditions. Best Practice and Research: Clinical Rheumatology 22: 419-433.
Study design not suitable
79. Eyigor S, Karapolat H, Ibisoglu U, Durmaz B (2008) Does transcutaneous electrical
nerve stimulation or therapeutic ultrasound increase the effectiveness of exercise for
knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled study. Agri 20: 32-40.
Intervention not appropriate
80. Dincer U, Cakar E, Ozdemir B, Kiralp MZ, Dursun H (2008) Comparison of effects
of combined physical therapy program and exercise on corrupted balance functions in
patient with knee bilateral osteoarthritis. Romatizma 23: 9-13.
Intervention not appropriate
81. Burch FX, Tarro JN, Greenberg JJ, Carroll WJ (2008) Evaluating the benefits of
patterned stimulation in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. A multi-center,
randomized, single-blind, controlled study with an independent masked evaluator.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 16: 865-872.
Intervention not appropriate
82. Xu H, Wu HG (2007) [Clinical observation of electroacupuncture combined with
low-dose diclofenac in treating osteoarthritis of the knee]. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao
5: 457-459.
Study design not suitable
83. Kang RW, Lewis PB, Kramer A, Hayden JK, Cole BJ (2007) Prospective
randomized single-blinded controlled clinical trial of percutaneous neuromodulation
pain therapy device versus sham for the osteoarthritic knee: a pilot study. Orthopedics
30: 439-445.
Intervention not appropriate
84. Bjordal JM, Johnson MI, Lopes-Martins RAB, Bogen B, Chow R, et al. (2007)
Short-term efficacy of physical interventions in osteoarthritic knee pain. A systematic
review
and
meta-analysis
of
randomised
placebo-controlled
trials.
BMC
Musculoskeletal Disorders 8.
Study design not suitable
85. Alcidi L, Beneforti E, Maresca M, Santosuosso U, Zoppi M (2007) Low power
radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation for the treatment of pain due to osteoarthritis
of the knee. Reumatismo 59: 140-145.
Intervention not appropriate
86. Kwon YD, Pittler MH, Ernst E (2006) Acupuncture for peripheral joint
osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 45:
1331-1337.
Study design not suitable
87. Bokhari SZH, Zahid S (2006) The role of acupuncture in arthritis of the knee joint
in addition to local steroid injection. Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute 20: 3639.
Intervention not appropriate
88. Scarpa R, Sarzi-Puttini P, Cimmino MA, Caporali R, Parazzini F, et al. (2005)
Analysis of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic prescription patterns of general
practitioners and specialists in the AMICA study. Seminars in Arthritis and
Rheumatism 35: 24-30.
Study design not suitable
89. Lao L, Berman B (2005) [Evaluating the effects of acupuncture on knee
osteoarthritis: a stepwise approach to research, University of Maryland experience].
Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao 3: 421-425.
Intervention not appropriate
90. Kang J, Li N, Wu B (2005) Therapeutic methods for knee osteoarthritis:
Randomized controlled trial and systemic evaluation. Chinese Journal of Clinical
Rehabilitation 9: 27-30.
Intervention not appropriate
91. Di Domenica F, Sarzi-Puttini P, Cazzola M, Atzeni F, Cappadonia C, et al. (2005)
Physical and rehabilitative approaches in osteoarthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 34: 6269.
Study design not suitable
92. Tuzun EH, Aytar A, Eker L, Daskapan A (2004) Effectiveness of two different
physical therapy programmes in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Pain Clinic 16:
379-387.
Intervention not appropriate
93. Tukmachi E, Jubb R, Dempsey E, Jones P (2004) The effect of acupuncture on the
symptoms of knee osteoarthritis--an open randomised controlled study. Acupunct Med
22: 14-22.
Intervention not appropriate
94. Tam SF, Cheing GLY, Hui-Chan CWY (2004) Predicting osteoarthritic knee
rehabilitation outcome by using a prediction model developed by data mining
techniques. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research 27: 65-69.
Study design not suitable
95. Rodriguez-Hernandez JL (2004) Osteomuscular and rheumatic pain. Revista de la
Sociedad Espanola del Dolor 11: 94-102.
Study design not suitable
96. Fitzgerald GK, Oatis C (2004) Role of physical therapy in management of knee
osteoarthritis. Current Opinion in Rheumatology 16: 143-147.
Study design not suitable
97. Cheing GLY, Hui-Chan CWY (2004) Would the addition of TENS to exercise
training produce better physical performance outcomes in people with knee
osteoarthritis than either intervention alone? Clinical Rehabilitation 18: 487-497.
Intervention not appropriate
98. Walsh DM (2003) The evolution of TENS. Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal 21:
1-4.
Study design not suitable
99. Talbot LA, Gaines JM, Ling SM, Metter EJ (2003) A home-based protocol of
electrical muscle stimulation for quadriceps muscle strength in older adults with
osteoarthritis of the knee. J Rheumatol 30: 1571-1578.
Study design not suitable
100. Sluka KA, Walsh D (2003) Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation: Basic
science mechanisms and clinical effectiveness. Journal of Pain 4: 109-121.
Study design not suitable
101.
Sangdee
C,
Teekachunhatean
S,
Sananpanich
K,
Sugandhavesa
N,
Chiewchantanakit S, et al. (2002) Electroacupuncture versus diclofenac in symptomatic
treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Complement
Altern Med 2: 3.
Intervention not appropriate
102. Minkoff J, Harris GR, Susman JL (2002) Managing musculoskeletal complaints
with rehabilitation therapy: Summary of the Philadelphia Panel evidence-based clinical
practice guidelines on musculoskeletal rehabilitation interventions. Journal of Family
Practice 51: 1042-1046.
Study design not suitable
103. Tugwell P (2001) Philadelphia panel evidence-based clinical practice guidelines
on selected rehabilitation interventions for knee pain. Physical Therapy 81: 1675-1700.
Study design not suitable
104. Osiri M, Welch V, Brosseau L, Shea B, McGowan J, et al. (2000) Transcutaneous
electrical nerve stimulation for knee osteoarthritis. Cochrane database of systematic
reviews (Online): CD002823.
Study design not suitable
105. Huang MH, Chen CH, Chen TW, Weng MC, Wang WT, et al. (2000) The effects
of weight reduction on the rehabilitation of patients with knee osteoarthritis and obesity.
Arthritis Care Res 13: 398-405.
Intervention not appropriate
106. Brandt KD (1998) The importance of nonpharmacologic approaches in
management of osteoarthritis. American Journal of Medicine 105: 39S-44S.
Study design not suitable
107. Perrot S, Menkes CJ (1996) Nonpharmacological approaches to pain in
osteoarthritis. Available options. Drugs 52: 21-26.
Study design not suitable
108. Shafshak TS (1995) Electroacupuncture and exercise in body weight reduction and
their application in rehabilitating patients with knee osteoarthritis. Am J Chin Med 23:
15-25.
Intervention not appropriate
109. Aubin M, Marks R (1995) The efficacy of short-term treatment with
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for osteo-arthritic knee pain. Physiotherapy
81: 669-675.
Study design not suitable
110. Puett DW, Griffin MR (1994) Published trials of nonmedicinal and noninvasive
therapies for hip and knee osteoarthritis. Annals of Internal Medicine 121: 133-140.
Intervention not appropriate
111. Nicholas JJ (1994) Physical modalities in rheumatological rehabilitation. Archives
of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 75: 994-1001.
Study design not suitable
112. Lewis B, Lewis D, Cumming G (1994) The comparative analgesic efficacy of
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
for painful osteoarthritis. British Journal of Rheumatology 33: 455-460.
Intervention not appropriate
113. Grimmer K (1992) A controlled double blind study comparing the effects of strong
burst mode TENS and High Rate TENS on painful osteoarthritic knees. Australian
Journal of Physiotherapy 38: 49-56.
Intervention not appropriate
114. Fargas-Babjak AM, Pomeranz B, Rooney PJ (1992) Acupuncture-like stimulation
with codetron for rehabilitation of patients with chronic pain syndrome and
osteoarthritis. Acupunct Electrother Res 17: 95-105.
Intervention not appropriate
115. Bobic B, Nedvidek B (1992) The effect of transcutaneous electric nerve
stimulation on pain in knee arthroses. Medicinski pregled 45: 359-364.
Study design not suitable
116. Jensen H, Zesler R, Christensen T (1991) Transcutaneous electrical nerve
stimulation (TNS) for painful osteoarthrosis of the knee. International Journal of
Rehabilitation Research 14: 356-358.
Study design not suitable
117. Angulo DL, Colwell Jr CW (1990) Use of postoperative TENS and continuous
passive motion following total knee replacement. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports
Physical Therapy 11: 599-604.
Participants not relevant