Auxiliary Material for
Sensitivity of the Oceanic Carbon Reservoir to Tropical Surface Wind Stress
Variations.
N. N. Ridder, K. J. Meissner and M. H. England
(ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, University of New
South Wales, Sydney, Australia)
Geophysical Research Letters, 2013
Introduction
The auxiliary material contains additional figures in .eps-format which support
the findings of the paper. In particular they confirm information that is given in
the main article and will be helpful for readers that are less familiar with the
topic. The figures were generated from the same model experiments as
described in the paper.
1. fs01.eps (Figure S1) (a) Annual mean zonal temperature difference (°C;
τ-30% minus CTRL); (b) same as (a) for τ+30% minus CTRL; (c) annual mean
upper ocean (averaged between surface and 1000-m) temperature
differences (τ-30% minus CTRL); (d) same as (c) but for τ+30% minus CTRL.
2. fs02.eps (Figure S2) Relative change in the ratio of nutrient to DIC in the
net integrated upwelling at the eastern boundaries of the Pacific Ocean (blue
circles), Atlantic Ocean (green squares) and the Indian Ocean (yellow
triangles). The total upwelling was calculated at 50 m depth between 30°N
and 30°S off the coast of the respective basins. The longitudinal extent was
limited to 22 degrees in all cases.
3. fs03.eps (Figure S3) Map of the change in annual mean DIC concentration
(mol m-3) on the 20-degree isotherm, which is used as a proxy for the depth of
the pycnocline. (a) Experiment shows τ -30% minus CTRL; (b) Experiment
τ +30% minus CTRL
4. fs04.eps (Figure S4) Annual mean changes in upper ocean DIC (averaged
between the surface and 1000-m) in response to a transient surface wind
stress perturbation. In these experiments the wind perturbations are increased
linearly from zero to maximum values (equivalent to the values used in the
equilibrium experiments) over a 100-year period. Left column: decreased
surface wind stress experiments minus CTRL. Right column: increased
surface wind stress experiments minus CTRL.
5. fs05.eps (Figure S5) Annual mean changes in mean upper ocean DIC
(averaged between the surface and 1000-m) in the solubility experiments (i.e.
marine biogeochemistry sub-model switched off). Left column: decreased
surface wind stress experiments minus CTRL; Right column: increased
surface wind stress experiments minus CTRL. Note that the colour scale used
here is different to Figure 3 to highlight the sign of change in the solubility
experiments; specifically changes are of a much reduced amplitude compared
to the full carbon cycle experiments shown in Figure 3.
6. fs06.eps (Figure S6) Annual mean depth of density surfaces along the
equatorial Pacific at 0.9°S. Contours show annual mean potential density
(minus 1000) in units of kg m-3; (a) Experiment τ-30% (red, dashed line) vs.
CTRL (black, solid line), (b) Experiment τ+30% (green, dashed line) vs. CTRL
(black, solid line).
7. fs07.eps (Figure S7) Annual mean zonal depth change (m) of the 20degree isotherm (blue squares) and the nutricline (red triangles) in the Pacific
Ocean at 0.9°S versus wind stress perturbations. The 20-degree isotherm
(D20) is used as a proxy for the pycnocline depth; the nutricline depth is taken
to be the depth of the strongest gradient in the vertical profile of the NO 3
concentration at 0.9°S in the Pacific Ocean.