Chapter 12 Theorem Sheet
Theorem 12-1 If a line is tangent to a circle, then the line is perpendicular to the radius at the point of tangency.
Theorem 12-2 If a line in the plane of a circle is perpendicular to the radius at its endpoint on the circle, then the line is
tangent to the circle.
Theorem 12-3 If two segments are tangent to a circle from a point outside the circle, then the two segments are
congruent.
Theorem 12-4 Within a circle or congruent circles, congruent central angles have congruent arcs.
Converse
Within a circle or congruent circles, congruent arcs have congruent central angles.
Theorem 12-5 Within a circle or congruent circles, congruent central angles have congruent chords.
Converse
Within a circle or congruent circles, congruent chords have congruent central angles.
Theorem 12-6 Within a circle or congruent circles, congruent chords have congruent arcs.
Converse
Within a circle or congruent circles, congruent arcs have congruent chords.
Theorem 12-7 Within a circle or congruent circles, chords equidistant from the center are congruent.
Converse
Within a circle or congruent circles, congruent chords are equidistant from the center.
Theorem 12-8 In a circle, if a diameter is perpendicular to a chord, it bisects the chord and its arc.
Theorem 12-9 In a circle, if a diameter bisects a chord (that is not the diameter), it is perpendicular to the chord.
Theorem 12-10 In a circle, the perpendicular bisector of a chord contains the center of the circle.
Theorem 12-11 Inscribed Angle Theorem
The measure of an inscribed angle is half the measure of its intercepted arc.
Corollary 1
Two inscribed angles that intercept the same arc are congruent.
Corollary 2
An angle inscribed in a semicircle is a right angle.
Corollary 3
The opposite angles of a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle are supplementary.
Theorem 12-12 The measure of an angle formed by a tangent and a chord is half the measure of the intercepted arc.
Theorem 12-13 The measure of angle formed by two lines that intersect inside a circle is half the sum of the measures of
the intercepted arcs.
Theorem 12-14 The measure of an angle formed by two lines that intersect outside the circle is half the difference of the
measures of the intercepted arcs.
Theorem 12-15 For a given point and circle, the product of the lengths of the two segments from the point to the circle
is constant along any line through the point and circle.
Theorem 12-16 An equation of a circle with center (h, k) and radius r is (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2.